SECTION 1 GENERAL - · PDF fileGeneral Section 1 Model G58 1-3 1-3 INTRODUCTION The format...

Model G58

1-1December, 2009

SECTION 1GENERAL

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SUBJECT PAGE

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-3

Important Notice . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-4

Use of the Handbook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5Warnings, Cautions, and Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-5

Revising The Handbook . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-6

Revision Service . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-7

Supplements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-8

Airplane Flight Manual Supplements Revision Record . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-9

Airplane Three View. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-10

Ground Turning Clearance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-11

Descriptive Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12Engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12

Number of Engines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12Engine Manufacturer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12Engine Model Number . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12Engine Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12Horsepower Rating. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12Number of Propellers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12Propeller Manufacturer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12Number of Blades. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12Propeller Type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-12

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Model G58

1-2 December, 2009

SECTION 1GENERAL

TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONT’D)

SUBJECT PAGE

Fuel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13Approved Engine Fuels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13Fuel Capacity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13

Standard System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13Optional System. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-13

Engine Oil . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-14Oil Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-14Specification. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-14

Maximum Certificated Weights . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-14Cabin and Entry Dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-14Cabin Baggage Volumes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-15Specific Loadings (At Maximum Take-off Weight). . . 1-15Service Ceiling. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-15

Symbols, Abbreviations and Terminology . . . . . . . 1-15General Airspeed Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-15Meteorological Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-18Power Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-19Engine Controls and Instruments Terminology . . . . . 1-19Airplane Performance and

Flight Planning Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-20Weight and Balance Terminology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-21Acronyms. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1-23

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GeneralSection 1

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INTRODUCTION The format and contents of this Pilot’s Operating Handbookand FAA Approved Airplane Flight Manual conform to GAMA(General Aviation Manufacturers Association) HandbookSpecification No. 1 through Revision No. 2, dated October 18,1996. Use of this specification by all manufacturers will providethe pilot with the same type of data in the same place in allhandbooks.

Attention is called to Section 10, SAFETY INFORMATION.Hawker Beechcraft Corporation feels that it is highly importantto have Safety Information in condensed form in the hands ofthe pilots. The Safety Information should be read and studied.Periodic review will serve as a reminder of good piloting tech-niques.

Use only genuine Hawker Beechcraft Cor-poration or Hawker Beechcraft Corporationapproved parts obtained from HawkerBeechcraft Corporation approved sources,in connection with the maintenance andrepair of Beech airplanes.

Genuine Hawker Beechcraft Corporationparts are produced and inspected underrigorous procedures to ensure airworthi-ness and suitability for use in Beechcraftairplane applications. Parts purchased fromsources other than Hawker Beechcraft Cor-poration, even if outwardly identical inappearance, may not have had therequired tests and inspections performed,may be different in fabrication techniquesand materials, and may be dangerouswhen installed in an airplane.

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General Model G58Section 1

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1-4

Salvaged airplane parts, reworked partsobtained from non-Hawker Beechcraft Cor-poration approved sources, or parts, com-ponents, or structural assemblies, theservice history of which is unknown or can-not be authenticated, may have been sub-jected to unacceptable stresses ortemperatures or have other hidden dam-age, not discernible through routine visualor usual nondestructive testing techniques.This may render the part, component, orstructural assembly, even though originallymanufactured by Hawker Beechcraft Cor-poration, unsuitable or unsafe for airplaneuse.

Hawker Beechcraft Corporation expresslydisclaims any responsibility for malfunc-tions, failures, damage or injury caused byuse of non-Hawker Beechcraft Corporationapproved parts.

IMPORTANT NOTICE This handbook should be read carefully by the owner and theoperator in order to become familiar with the operation of theairplane. Suggestions and recommendations have been madewithin it to aid in obtaining maximum performance without sac-rificing economy. Be familiar with, and operate the airplane inaccordance with, the Pilot’s Operating Handbook and FAAApproved Airplane Flight Manual and/or placards which arelocated in the airplane. This handbook includes the materialrequired to be furnished to the pilot by the Title 14 Code ofFederal Regulations and additional information provided by themanufacturer and constitutes the FAA Approved AirplaneFlight Manual.

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As a further reminder, the owner and the operator should alsobe familiar with the Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations appli-cable to the operation and maintenance of the airplane, and,as appropriate 14 CFR Part 91 General Operating and FlightRules. Further, the airplane must be operated and maintainedin accordance with FAA Airworthiness Directives which may beissued against it.

The Title 14 Code of Federal Regulations places the responsi-bility for the maintenance of this airplane on the owner and theoperator, who should ensure that all maintenance is done byqualified mechanics in conformity with all airworthinessrequirements established for this airplane.

All limits, procedures, safety practices, time limits, servicing,and maintenance requirements contained in this handbook areconsidered mandatory for continued airworthiness and tomaintain the airplane in a condition equal to that of its originalmanufacture.

Hawker Beechcraft Corporation Authorized Outlets can pro-vide recommended modification, service, and operating proce-dures issued by both the FAA and Hawker BeechcraftCorporation, which are designed to get maximum utility andsafety from the airplane.

USE OF THE HANDBOOK WARNINGS, CAUTIONS, AND NOTES The following definitions apply to (WARNINGS), (CAUTIONS),and (NOTES) found throughout the handbook:

Operating procedures, techniques, etc.,which could result in personal injury or lossof life if not carefully followed.

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Operating procedures, techniques, etc.,which could result in damage to equipmentif not carefully followed.

NOTEAn operating procedure, technique, etc.,which is considered essential to empha-size.

REVISING THE HANDBOOK The Pilot’s Operating Handbook is designed to facilitate main-taining the documents necessary for the safe and efficientoperation of the airplane. The handbook has been prepared inloose-leaf form for ease in maintenance. It incorporates quick-reference tabs imprinted with the title of each section.

NOTEIn an effort to provide as complete cover-age as possible, applicable to any configu-ration of the airplane, some optionalequipment has been included in the scopeof the handbook. However, due to the vari-ety of airplane appointments and arrange-ments available, optional equipmentdescribed or depicted herein may not bedesignated as such in every case.

Immediately following the Title Page is a List of EffectivePages. A complete listing of all pages is presented along withthe current status of the material contained; i.e. Original Issue,Reissued or Revised. A reissue of the manual or the revisionof any portion will be received with a new List of EffectivePages to replace the previous one. Reference to the List ofEffective Page(s) enables the user to determine the current

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issue, revision, or reissue in effect for each page in the hand-book, except for the Supplements Section.

When the handbook is originally issued, and each time it isrevised or reissued, a new Log of Revisions page is providedimmediately following the List of Effective Pages. All Log ofRevisions pages must be retained until the handbook is reis-sued. A capital letter in the lower right corner of the Log ofRevisions page designates the Original Issue (“A”) or reissue(“B”, “C”, etc.) covered by the Log of Revisions page. If a num-ber follows the letter, it designates the sequential revision (1st,2nd, 3rd, etc.) to the Original Issue or reissue covered by theLog of Revisions page. Reference to the Log of Revisionspage(s) provides a record of changes made since the OriginalIssue or the latest reissue.

That portion of a text or an illustration which has been revisedby the addition of, or a change in, information is denoted by asolid revision bar located adjacent to the area of change andplaced along the outside margin of the page.

REVISION SERVICEThe following publications will be provided, at no charge, to theregistered owner/operator of this airplane:

1. Reissues and revisions of the Pilot’s Operating Hand-book and FAA Approved Airplane Flight Manual.

2. Original issues and revisions of FAA Approved AirplaneFlight Manual Supplements.

3. Original issues and revisions of Hawker Beechcraft Cor-poration Service Bulletins.

The above publications will be provided only to the registeredowner/operator at the address listed on the FAA Aircraft Regis-tration Branch List or the Hawker Beechcraft CorporationDomestic/International Owner’s Notification Service List. Fur-ther, the owner/operator will receive only those publicationspertaining to the registered airplane serial number. Fordetailed information on how to obtain “Revision Service” appli-

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cable to this handbook or other Hawker Beechcraft Corpora-tion Service Publications, consult any Hawker BeechcraftCorporation Authorized Outlet or refer to the latest revision ofHawker Beechcraft Corporation Service Bulletin No. 2001.

Hawker Beechcraft Corporation expressly reserves the right tosupersede, cancel, and/or declare obsolete, without priornotice, any part, part number, kit, or publication referenced inthis handbook.

The owner/operator should always refer to all supplements forpossible placards, limitations, emergency, abnormal, normaland other operational procedures for proper operation of theairplane with optional equipment installed.

It shall be the responsibility of the owner/operator to ensure that the latest revisionsof publications referenced in this handbookare utilized during operation, servicing, andmaintenance of the airplane.

SUPPLEMENTS When a new airplane is delivered from the factory, the hand-book delivered with it contains either an STC (SupplementalType Certificate) Supplement or a Hawker Beechcraft Corpo-ration Flight Manual Supplement for every installed item requir-ing a supplement. If a new handbook for operation of theairplane is obtained at a later date, it is the responsibility of theowner/operator to ensure that all required STC Supplements(as well as weight and balance and other pertinent data) aretransferred into the new handbook.

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AIRPLANE FLIGHT MANUAL SUPPLEMENTSREVISION RECORDSection 9, SUPPLEMENTS, contains the FAA-approved Air-plane Flight Manual Supplements, headed by a Log of Supple-ments page. When new supplements are received or existingsupplements are revised, a new Log page will replace the pre-vious one, since it contains a listing of all previous approvals,plus the new approval. The supplemental material will beadded to the Section in accordance with the sequence speci-fied on the Log page.

NOTEUpon receipt of a new or revised supple-ment, compare the existing Log of Supple-ments in the handbook with thecorresponding applicable Log page accom-panying the new or revised supplement. Itmay occur that the Log page already in thehandbook is dated later than the Log pageaccompanying the new or revised supple-ment. In any case, retain the Log page hav-ing the later date and discard the older Logpage.

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AIRPLANE THREE-VIEW

TH01C 054511AA.AI

WING AREA: 199.2 SQ FT

15 FT 11 IN

37 FT 10 IN

29 FT 10 IN

8 FT 11 IN

10.4 IN

9 FT 7 IN

9 FT 9 IN

76 IN DIAMETER

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A

A

B

B

C

D

C

D

RADIUS FOR OUTSIDE GEAR.......17 FT. 6 IN.

RADIUS FOR INSIDE GEAR...........7 FT. 11 IN.

RADIUS FOR NOSE WHEEL..........15 FT. 6 IN.

RADIUS FOR WING TIP.................31 FT. 6 IN.

GROUND TURNING CLEARANCE

TH00C 020334AA.AI

TURNING RADII ARE PREDICATED ON THE USE OF PARTIAL BRAKING ACTION AND DIFFERENTIAL POWER.

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DESCRIPTIVE DATA ENGINESNUMBER OF ENGINES

Two

ENGINE MANUFACTURER

Teledyne Continental Motors, Inc., (Mobile, Alabama)

ENGINE MODEL NUMBER

IO-550-C

ENGINE TYPE

Normally aspirated, Fuel-injected, direct-drive, air-cooled, six-cylinder, horizontally opposed, 550-cubic-inch displacement

HORSEPOWER RATING

300 H.P.

NUMBER OF PROPELLERS

Two

PROPELLER MANUFACTURER

Hartzell Propeller, Inc (Piqua, Ohio) holds the SupplementalType Certificate (STC) for the installed propeller. Refer to sup-plement HPBE58-2 or AFMS 20002-1 in Section 9, SUPPLE-MENTS.

NUMBER OF BLADES

Three

PROPELLER TYPE

Constant speed, full feathering, three-blade propeller using analuminum hub and aluminum blades.

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FUELAPPROVED ENGINE FUELS

Aviation Gasoline Grade 100LL (blue) Aviation Gasoline Grade 100 (green)Aviation Gasoline Grade 115/145 (purple)Chinese Aviation Gasoline RH-95/130Chinese Aviation Gasoline RH-100/130

FUEL CAPACITY

STANDARD SYSTEM

Total Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .200 Gallons

Total Usable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .194 Gallons

OPTIONAL SYSTEM

Total Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .172 Gallons

Total Usable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .166 Gallons

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ENGINE OIL OIL CAPACITY

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Quarts (each engine)

SPECIFICATION

Use MIL-L-22851 Ashless Dispersant Oils meeting the require-ments of the latest revision of Teledyne Continental MotorsCorporation Specification MHS-24B or current applicable Tele-dyne Continental Service Bulletin. Refer to Section 8, HAN-DLING, SERVICING AND MAINTENANCE for a list ofapproved oils.

When operating temperatures overlap indicated ranges, usethe lighter grade of oil.

MAXIMUM CERTIFICATED WEIGHTS Maximum Take-off Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5500 lbsMaximum Landing Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5400 lbsMaximum Ramp Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5524 lbs

CABIN AND ENTRY DIMENSIONS Cabin Length. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 ft 7 in.Cabin Width (max.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 ft 6 in.Cabin Height (max.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 ft 2 in.Fwd Cabin Door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 in. wide x 36 in. highAft Utility Door . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 in. wide x 35 in. high

Ambient Air Temperature

Single Viscosity Grade Oil

Multiviscosity Grade Oil

Below 5°C SAE 30 (max.) 15W-50, 20W-50

Above 5°C SAE 50 (min.) 15W-50, 20W-5025W-60

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CABIN BAGGAGE VOLUMESAft Cabin Compartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 cu ftBetween Spars . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 cu ftExtended Rear Compartment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 cu ftNose Compartment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 cu ft

SPECIFIC LOADINGS (AT MAXIMUM TAKE-OFF WEIGHT)Wing Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27.6 lbs/sq ftPower Loading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.16 lbs/hp

SERVICE CEILINGService Ceiling - Two Engines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20,688 ft

SYMBOLS, ABBREVIATIONS AND TERMINOL-OGY The following glossary is applicable within this handbook.

GENERAL AIRSPEED TERMINOLOGY

CAS Calibrated Airspeed is the indicatedairspeed of an airplane corrected forposition and instrument error. Calibratedairspeed is equal to true airspeed instandard atmosphere at sea level.

GS Ground Speed is the speed of an airplanerelative to the ground.

IAS Indicated Airspeed is the speed of anairplane as shown on the airspeed indicatorwhen corrected for instrument error. IASvalues published in this handbook assumezero instrument error.

KCAS Calibrated Airspeed expressed in knots.

KIAS Indicated Airspeed expressed in knots.

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TAS True Airspeed is the airspeed of an airplanerelative to undisturbed air, which is the CAScorrected for altitude, temperature, andcompressibility.

VMCA Air Minimum Control Speed is the minimumflight speed at which the airplane isdirectionally controllable as determined inaccordance with Title 14 Code of FederalRegulations. The airplane certificationconditions include one engine becominginoperative and windmilling; a 5 banktowards the operative engine; take-offpower on operative engine; landing gear up;flaps in take-off position; and most rearwardC.G. For some conditions of weight andaltitude, stall can be encountered at speedsabove VMCA as established by thecertification procedure described above, inwhich event stall speed must be regardedas the limit of effective directional control.

VSSE Intentional One-Engine-Inoperative Speedis a speed above both VMCA and stallspeed, selected to provide a margin oflateral and directional control when oneengine is suddenly rendered inoperative.Intentional failing of one engine below thisspeed is not recommended.

VA Maneuvering Speed is the maximum speedat which application of full availableaerodynamic control will not overstress theairplane.

VF Design Flap Speed is the highest speedpermissible at which wing flaps may beactuated.

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VFE Maximum Flap Extended Speed is thehighest speed permissible with wing flaps ina prescribed extended position.

VLE Maximum Landing Gear Extended Speed isthe maximum speed at which an airplanecan be safely flown with the landing gearextended.

VLO Maximum Landing Gear Operating Speed isthe maximum speed at which the landinggear can be safely extended or retracted.

VNE Never Exceed Speed is the speed limit thatmay not be exceeded at any time.

VNOor VC

Maximum Structural Cruising Speed is thespeed that should not be exceeded exceptin smooth air and then only with caution.

VS Stalling Speed or the minimum steady flightspeed at which the airplane is controllable.

VSO Stalling Speed or the minimum steady flightspeed at which the airplane is controllablein the landing configuration.

VX Best Angle-of-Climb Speed is the airspeedwhich delivers the greatest gain of altitudein the shortest possible horizontal distance.

VY Best Rate-of-Climb Speed is the airspeedwhich delivers the greatest gain in altitudein the shortest possible time.

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METEOROLOGICAL TERMINOLOGY

Flight in Icing Conditions

Flight when the OAT is 5°C (41°F) or colder,and in the presence of visible moisture.

Indicated Pressure Altitude

The number actually read from an altimeterwhen the barometric subscale has been setto 29.92 inches of mercury (1013.2millibars).

ISA International Standard Atmosphere inwhich:

1. The air is a dry perfect gas;2. The temperature at sea level is 15°

Celsius (59° Fahrenheit);3. The pressure at sea level is 29.92

inches of mercury (1013.2 millibars);4. The temperature gradient from sea

level to the altitude at which thetemperature is -56.5°C (-69.7°F) is-0.00198°C (-0.003566°F) per footand zero above that altitude.

OAT Outside Air Temperature is static free airtemperature, displayed in the OAT Boxlocated in the lower left corner of the PFD,or from ground meteorological sources.

Pressure Altitude

Altitude measured from standard sea-levelpressure (29.92 in. Hg/1013.2 millibars) bya pressure (barometric) altimeter. It is theindicated pressure altitude corrected forposition and instrument error. In thishandbook, altimeter instrument errors areassumed to be zero. Position errors may beobtained from the Altimeter Correctiongraphs.

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POWER TERMINOLOGY

ENGINE CONTROLS AND INSTRUMENTS TERMI-NOLOGY

Station Pressure

Actual atmospheric pressure at fieldelevation.

Wind The wind velocities recorded as variableson the charts of this handbook are to beunderstood as the headwind or tailwindcomponents of the reported winds.

Cruise Climb Power recommended for cruise climb.

EconomyCruise

The lowest power setting for which cruisepower settings are presented.

MaximumCruise

The highest power settings recommendedfor cruise.

RecommendedCruise

Intermediate power settings for which cruisepower settings are presented.

Take-off and Maximum Continuous

Highest power rating not limited by time. Tobe used only for conditions which warrantthe use of this rating.

EGT The Exhaust Gas Temperature Display isused to identify the lean and best-power fuelflow mixtures for various power settingsduring cruise.

ManifoldPressure

The regulated absolute air pressure in theintake manifold of the engine locatedbetween the throttle valve and the cylinders.

Manifold PressureDisplay

Displays the absolute pressure in the intakemanifold of an engine, expressed in inchesof mercury (in. Hg).

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AIRPLANE PERFORMANCE AND FLIGHT PLAN-NING TERMINOLOGY

MixtureControl

This lever, in the idle cut-off position, stopsthe flow of fuel at the injectors and in theintermediate through the full rich positions,regulates the fuel air mixture.

Propeller Control

Used to control the RPM setting of thepropeller governor. Movement of the controlresults in an increase or decrease in propRPM.

Propeller Governor

Regulates the RPM of the engine/propellerby increasing or decreasing the propellerpitch through a pitch change mechanism inthe propeller hub.

Tachometer Displays the rotational speed of thepropeller in revolutions per minute (RPM).

Throttle Control Used to control power by introducing fuel-airmixture into the intake passages of anengine. Settings are reflected by readingson the manifold pressure display.

Accelerate-Stop Distance

The distance required to accelerate anairplane to a specified speed and, assumingfailure of an engine at the instant that speedis attained, to bring the airplane to a stop.

Accelerate-GoDistance

The distance required to accelerate anairplane to a specified speed and, assumingfailure of an engine at the instant that speedis attained, feather inoperative propeller andcontinue takeoff on the remaining engine toa height of 50 feet.

Climb Gradient The ratio of the change in height during aportion of a climb to the horizontal distancetraversed in the same time interval.

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WEIGHT AND BALANCE TERMINOLOGY

DemonstratedCrosswind Velocity

The velocity of the crosswind component forwhich adequate control of the airplaneduring takeoff and landing was actuallydemonstrated during certification tests. Thevalue shown is not limiting.

GPH U.S. Gallons per hour.

RouteSegment

A part of a route. Each end of that part isidentified by: (1) A geographical location; or(2) A point at which a definite radio fix canbe established.

Airplane Center of Gravity (C.G.)

The point at which an airplane wouldbalance if suspended. Its distance from thereference datum is found by dividing thetotal moment by the total weight of theairplane.

Arm The horizontal distance from the referencedatum to the center of gravity (C.G.) of anitem.

Basic Empty Weight

The weight of an empty airplane includingfull engine oil and unusable fuel. Thisequals empty weight plus the weight ofunusable fuel, and the weight of all theengine oil required to fill the lines and tanks.Basic empty weight is the basicconfiguration from which loading data isdetermined.

C.G. Arm The arm obtained by adding the airplane’sindividual moments and dividing by the sumof the total weight.

C.G. Limits The extreme center of gravity locationswithin which the airplane must be operatedat a given weight.

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Jack Points Points on the airplane identified by themanufacturer as suitable for supporting theairplane for weighing or other purposes.

LevelingPoints

Those points which are used during theweighing process to level the airplane.

MaximumRampWeight

Maximum weight approved for groundmaneuvering (includes weight of start, taxi,and run up fuel).

Maximum Take-offWeight

Maximum weight approved for the start ofthe take-off run.

Maximum Landing Weight

Maximum weight approved for the landingtouchdown.

Moment The product of the weight of an itemmultiplied by its arm. (Moment divided by aconstant is used to simplify balancecalculations by reducing the number ofdigits)

Payload Weight of occupants, cargo and baggage.

ReferenceDatum

An imaginary vertical plane from which allhorizontal distances are measured forbalance purposes.

Empty Weight The weight of an empty airplane before anyoil or fuel has been added. This includes allpermanently installed equipment, fixedballast, full hydraulic fluid, full chemical toiletfluid, and all other operating fluids full,except that the engines, tanks, and lines donot contain any engine oil or fuel.

Engine Oil Total system oil including undrainable.

Station A location along the airplane fuselageusually given in terms of distance from thereference datum.

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ACRONYMSGeneric:ADC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Air Data ComputerAHRS . . . . . . . . . . . . Attitude and Heading Reference SystemGPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Global Positioning SystemGPWS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Ground Proximity Warning SystemLNAV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Lateral NavigationLPV. . . . . . . . . . Localizer Performance with Vertical GuidanceLRU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Line Replaceable UnitMFD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Multifunction DisplayPFD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Primary Flight DisplayRNAV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Area NavigationSBAS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Satellite Based Augmentation System

(equivalent to WAAS in the United States)TAWS . . . . . . . . . . . . Terrain Awareness and Warning SystemVNAV or (VNV). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Vertical NavigationWAAS. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Wide Area Augmentation System

Tare The weight of chocks, blocks, stands, etc.,used on the scales when weighing anairplane.

Unusable Fuel Fuel that is not available for flight planning.

Useful Load Difference between Ramp Weight, andBasic Empty Weight.

Usable Fuel Fuel available for flight planning.

Maximum Zero Fuel Weight

Maximum weight exclusive of usable fuel.

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Garmin:GDC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Garmin Air Data ComputerGDU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Garmin Display UnitGEA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Garmin Engine Airframe UnitGIA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .Garmin Integrated Avionics UnitGDL. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Garmin Data LinkGMA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Garmin Audio PanelGMU . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Garmin Magnetometer UnitGRS . . . . . . .Garmin Attitude and Heading Reference SystemGSA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Garmin Autopilot ServoGSM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Garmin Autopilot Servo MountGTX. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Garmin Transponder

GWX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Garmin Airborne Weather Radar

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