Second Normal Form - University of Kansashossein/Teaching/Fa11/... · 2001 Irwin Levinstein 2 nd...

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© 2001 Irwin Levinstein Second Normal Form Primary Key Version

Transcript of Second Normal Form - University of Kansashossein/Teaching/Fa11/... · 2001 Irwin Levinstein 2 nd...

Page 1: Second Normal Form - University of Kansashossein/Teaching/Fa11/... · 2001 Irwin Levinstein 2 nd 2NF Example SSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC 123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123

©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Second Normal Form

Primary Key Version

Page 2: Second Normal Form - University of Kansashossein/Teaching/Fa11/... · 2001 Irwin Levinstein 2 nd 2NF Example SSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC 123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123

©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Definition

• Relation in 1NF• Every nonprime attribute fully

functionally dependent on the key.• The full key is necessary to

determine EACH attribute.• Offending Dependency:

{part of key} � RHS

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©2001 Irwin Levinstein

What offends?

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©2001 Irwin Levinstein

What offends?

• 2NF has no Partial Functional Dependencies

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©2001 Irwin Levinstein

What offends?

• 2NF has no Partial Functional Dependencies

• Partial Dependency:– Key has 2 or more fields.– Attribute is dependent on fewer than all

the key fields

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©2001 Irwin Levinstein

What offends?

• 2NF has no Partial Functional Dependencies

• Partial Dependency:– Key has 2 or more fields.– Attribute is dependent on fewer than all

the key fields• 1NF relation with key of one

attribute must be in 2NF

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©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Example of Partial Dependency

A | B | C | D | E

R_1

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©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Example of Partial Dependency

A | B | C | D | E

R_1

Key

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©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Example of Partial Dependency

A | B | C | D | E

R_1

Key

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©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Example of Partial Dependency

A | B | C | D | E

R_1

Key• One FD in R_1: B →→→→ D

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©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Example of Partial Dependency

A | B | C | D | E

R_1

Key• One FD in R_1: B →→→→ D• B determines D

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©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Example of Partial Dependency

A | B | C | D | E

R_1

Key• One FD in R_1: B →→→→ D• B determines D• B is not the whole Key

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©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Example of Partial Dependency

A | B | C | D | E

R_1

Key• One FD in R_1: B →→→→ D• B determines D• B is not the whole Key

• D is not Prime (not part of the key)

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©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Example of Partial Dependency

A | B | C | D | E

R_1

Key• One FD in R_1: B →→→→ D• B determines D• B is not the whole Key

• D is not Prime (not part of the key)

• Therefore, B →→→→ D is a partial dependency

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©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Example of Partial Dependency

A | B | C | D | E

R_1

Key• One FD in R_1: B →→→→ D• B determines D• B is not the whole Key

• D is not Prime (not part of the key)

• Therefore, B →→→→ D is a partial dependency

R_1 is NOT in 2NF

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©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Curing Partial Dependency

A | B | C | D | E

R_1

B | D

R_2A | B | C | E

R_3

Foreign Keyey

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©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Curing Partial Dependency

A | B | C | D | E

R_1Offending dependency

B | D

R_2A | B | C | E

R_3

Foreign Keyey

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©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Curing Partial Dependency

A | B | C | D | E

R_1Offending dependency

ππππB,DB,DB,DB,D(R_1)(R_1)(R_1)(R_1)

B | D

R_2A | B | C | E

R_3

Foreign Keyey

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©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Curing Partial Dependency

A | B | C | D | E

R_1Offending dependency

ππππB,DB,DB,DB,D(R_1)(R_1)(R_1)(R_1)ππππA,B,C,EA,B,C,EA,B,C,EA,B,C,E(R_1)(R_1)(R_1)(R_1)

B | D

R_2A | B | C | E

R_3

Foreign Keyey

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©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Curing Partial Dependency

A | B | C | D | E

R_1Offending dependency

ππππB,DB,DB,DB,D(R_1)(R_1)(R_1)(R_1)ππππA,B,C,EA,B,C,EA,B,C,EA,B,C,E(R_1)(R_1)(R_1)(R_1)

Key is LHS of offending dep.

B | D

R_2A | B | C | E

R_3

Foreign Keyey

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©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Curing Partial Dependency

A | B | C | D | E

R_1Offending dependency

ππππB,DB,DB,DB,D(R_1)(R_1)(R_1)(R_1)ππππA,B,C,EA,B,C,EA,B,C,EA,B,C,E(R_1)(R_1)(R_1)(R_1)

Key is LHS of offending dep.

B | D

R_2A | B | C | E

R_3

Foreign Keyey

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©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Retrieving R_1

A | B | C | E

R_3

B | D

R_2

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©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Retrieving R_1

A | B | C | E

R_3

B | D

R_2

R_3 �(B),(B)R_2

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©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Retrieving R_1

A | B | C | E

R_3

B | D

R_2

R_3 �(B),(B)R_2

A | B | C | D | E

R_1

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©2001 Irwin Levinstein

2nd 2NF ExampleSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123 2 7.5 Smith ProdY Suga 666 3 40.0 Narayan ProdZ Hous 453 1 20.0 English ProdX Bell 453 2 20.0 English ProdY Suga 333 2 10.0 Wong ProdY Suga 333 3 10.0 Wong ProdZ Hous 333 10 10.0 Wong Compu Staf

EMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJ

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©2001 Irwin Levinstein

2nd 2NF ExampleSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123 2 7.5 Smith ProdY Suga 666 3 40.0 Narayan ProdZ Hous 453 1 20.0 English ProdX Bell 453 2 20.0 English ProdY Suga 333 2 10.0 Wong ProdY Suga 333 3 10.0 Wong ProdZ Hous 333 10 10.0 Wong Compu Staf

EMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJ

Note Redundancies

Page 27: Second Normal Form - University of Kansashossein/Teaching/Fa11/... · 2001 Irwin Levinstein 2 nd 2NF Example SSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC 123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123

©2001 Irwin Levinstein

2nd 2NF ExampleSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123 2 7.5 Smith ProdY Suga 666 3 40.0 Narayan ProdZ Hous 453 1 20.0 English ProdX Bell 453 2 20.0 English ProdY Suga 333 2 10.0 Wong ProdY Suga 333 3 10.0 Wong ProdZ Hous 333 10 10.0 Wong Compu Staf

EMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJ

Note Redundancies

Page 28: Second Normal Form - University of Kansashossein/Teaching/Fa11/... · 2001 Irwin Levinstein 2 nd 2NF Example SSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC 123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123

©2001 Irwin Levinstein

2nd 2NF ExampleSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123 2 7.5 Smith ProdY Suga 666 3 40.0 Narayan ProdZ Hous 453 1 20.0 English ProdX Bell 453 2 20.0 English ProdY Suga 333 2 10.0 Wong ProdY Suga 333 3 10.0 Wong ProdZ Hous 333 10 10.0 Wong Compu Staf

EMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJ

Note Redundancies

Page 29: Second Normal Form - University of Kansashossein/Teaching/Fa11/... · 2001 Irwin Levinstein 2 nd 2NF Example SSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC 123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123

©2001 Irwin Levinstein

2nd 2NF ExampleSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123 2 7.5 Smith ProdY Suga 666 3 40.0 Narayan ProdZ Hous 453 1 20.0 English ProdX Bell 453 2 20.0 English ProdY Suga 333 2 10.0 Wong ProdY Suga 333 3 10.0 Wong ProdZ Hous 333 10 10.0 Wong Compu Staf

EMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJ

Note Redundancies

Page 30: Second Normal Form - University of Kansashossein/Teaching/Fa11/... · 2001 Irwin Levinstein 2 nd 2NF Example SSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC 123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123

©2001 Irwin Levinstein

2nd 2NF ExampleSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123 2 7.5 Smith ProdY Suga 666 3 40.0 Narayan ProdZ Hous 453 1 20.0 English ProdX Bell 453 2 20.0 English ProdY Suga 333 2 10.0 Wong ProdY Suga 333 3 10.0 Wong ProdZ Hous 333 10 10.0 Wong Compu Staf

EMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJ

Note Redundancies

Page 31: Second Normal Form - University of Kansashossein/Teaching/Fa11/... · 2001 Irwin Levinstein 2 nd 2NF Example SSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC 123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123

©2001 Irwin Levinstein

2nd 2NF ExampleSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123 2 7.5 Smith ProdY Suga 666 3 40.0 Narayan ProdZ Hous 453 1 20.0 English ProdX Bell 453 2 20.0 English ProdY Suga 333 2 10.0 Wong ProdY Suga 333 3 10.0 Wong ProdZ Hous 333 10 10.0 Wong Compu Staf

EMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJ

Note Redundancies

Many opportunities for anomalies

Page 32: Second Normal Form - University of Kansashossein/Teaching/Fa11/... · 2001 Irwin Levinstein 2 nd 2NF Example SSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC 123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123

©2001 Irwin Levinstein

2nd 2NF ExampleSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123 2 7.5 Smith ProdY Suga 666 3 40.0 Narayan ProdZ Hous 453 1 20.0 English ProdX Bell 453 2 20.0 English ProdY Suga 333 2 10.0 Wong ProdY Suga 333 3 10.0 Wong ProdZ Hous 333 10 10.0 Wong Compu Staf

EMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJ

Note Redundancies

Many opportunities for anomalies

Redundancies due to partial dependencies

Page 33: Second Normal Form - University of Kansashossein/Teaching/Fa11/... · 2001 Irwin Levinstein 2 nd 2NF Example SSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC 123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123

©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Functional DependenciesSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123 2 7.5 Smith ProdY Suga 666 3 40.0 Narayan ProdZ Hous 453 1 20.0 English ProdX Bell 453 2 20.0 English ProdY Suga 333 2 10.0 Wong ProdY Suga 333 3 10.0 Wong ProdZ Hous 333 10 10.0 Wong Compu Staf

EMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJ

Key

Page 34: Second Normal Form - University of Kansashossein/Teaching/Fa11/... · 2001 Irwin Levinstein 2 nd 2NF Example SSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC 123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123

©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Functional DependenciesSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123 2 7.5 Smith ProdY Suga 666 3 40.0 Narayan ProdZ Hous 453 1 20.0 English ProdX Bell 453 2 20.0 English ProdY Suga 333 2 10.0 Wong ProdY Suga 333 3 10.0 Wong ProdZ Hous 333 10 10.0 Wong Compu Staf

EMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJ

SSN,Pno → Hours

Key

Page 35: Second Normal Form - University of Kansashossein/Teaching/Fa11/... · 2001 Irwin Levinstein 2 nd 2NF Example SSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC 123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123

©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Functional DependenciesSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123 2 7.5 Smith ProdY Suga 666 3 40.0 Narayan ProdZ Hous 453 1 20.0 English ProdX Bell 453 2 20.0 English ProdY Suga 333 2 10.0 Wong ProdY Suga 333 3 10.0 Wong ProdZ Hous 333 10 10.0 Wong Compu Staf

EMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJ

SSN,Pno → Hours

SSN → Ename

Key

Page 36: Second Normal Form - University of Kansashossein/Teaching/Fa11/... · 2001 Irwin Levinstein 2 nd 2NF Example SSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC 123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123

©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Functional DependenciesSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123 2 7.5 Smith ProdY Suga 666 3 40.0 Narayan ProdZ Hous 453 1 20.0 English ProdX Bell 453 2 20.0 English ProdY Suga 333 2 10.0 Wong ProdY Suga 333 3 10.0 Wong ProdZ Hous 333 10 10.0 Wong Compu Staf

EMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJ

SSN,Pno → Hours

SSN → EnamePno → Pname,Ploc

Key

Page 37: Second Normal Form - University of Kansashossein/Teaching/Fa11/... · 2001 Irwin Levinstein 2 nd 2NF Example SSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC 123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123

©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Functional DependenciesSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123 2 7.5 Smith ProdY Suga 666 3 40.0 Narayan ProdZ Hous 453 1 20.0 English ProdX Bell 453 2 20.0 English ProdY Suga 333 2 10.0 Wong ProdY Suga 333 3 10.0 Wong ProdZ Hous 333 10 10.0 Wong Compu Staf

EMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJ

SSN,Pno → Hours

SSN → EnamePno → Pname,Ploc

Key

Page 38: Second Normal Form - University of Kansashossein/Teaching/Fa11/... · 2001 Irwin Levinstein 2 nd 2NF Example SSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC 123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123

©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Functional DependenciesSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123 2 7.5 Smith ProdY Suga 666 3 40.0 Narayan ProdZ Hous 453 1 20.0 English ProdX Bell 453 2 20.0 English ProdY Suga 333 2 10.0 Wong ProdY Suga 333 3 10.0 Wong ProdZ Hous 333 10 10.0 Wong Compu Staf

EMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJ

SSN,Pno → Hours

SSN → EnamePno → Pname,PlocPartial

Dependency

Key

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©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Functional DependenciesSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123 2 7.5 Smith ProdY Suga 666 3 40.0 Narayan ProdZ Hous 453 1 20.0 English ProdX Bell 453 2 20.0 English ProdY Suga 333 2 10.0 Wong ProdY Suga 333 3 10.0 Wong ProdZ Hous 333 10 10.0 Wong Compu Staf

EMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJ

SSN,Pno → Hours

SSN → EnamePno → Pname,PlocPartial

Dependency

Key

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©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Curing Emp_ProjSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123 2 7.5 Smith ProdY Suga 666 3 40.0 Narayan ProdZ Hous 453 1 20.0 English ProdX Bell 453 2 20.0 English ProdY Suga 333 2 10.0 Wong ProdY Suga 333 3 10.0 Wong ProdZ Hous 333 10 10.0 Wong Compu Staf

EMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJ

SSN | ENAMESSN | ENAMESSN | ENAMESSN | ENAME123 Smith666 Narayan453 English333 Wong

EMPEMPEMPEMPSSN | PNO | HOURS | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | PNAME | PLOC123 1 32.5 ProdX Bell 123 2 7.5 ProdY Suga 666 3 40.0 ProdZ Hous 453 1 20.0 ProdX Bell 453 2 20.0 ProdY Suga 333 2 10.0 ProdY Suga 333 3 10.0 ProdZ Hous 333 10 10.0 Compu Staf

EMP_PROJ1EMP_PROJ1EMP_PROJ1EMP_PROJ1

Page 41: Second Normal Form - University of Kansashossein/Teaching/Fa11/... · 2001 Irwin Levinstein 2 nd 2NF Example SSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC 123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123

©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Curing Emp_ProjSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123 2 7.5 Smith ProdY Suga 666 3 40.0 Narayan ProdZ Hous 453 1 20.0 English ProdX Bell 453 2 20.0 English ProdY Suga 333 2 10.0 Wong ProdY Suga 333 3 10.0 Wong ProdZ Hous 333 10 10.0 Wong Compu Staf

EMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJ

SSN → Ename

SSN | ENAMESSN | ENAMESSN | ENAMESSN | ENAME123 Smith666 Narayan453 English333 Wong

EMPEMPEMPEMPSSN | PNO | HOURS | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | PNAME | PLOC123 1 32.5 ProdX Bell 123 2 7.5 ProdY Suga 666 3 40.0 ProdZ Hous 453 1 20.0 ProdX Bell 453 2 20.0 ProdY Suga 333 2 10.0 ProdY Suga 333 3 10.0 ProdZ Hous 333 10 10.0 Compu Staf

EMP_PROJ1EMP_PROJ1EMP_PROJ1EMP_PROJ1

Page 42: Second Normal Form - University of Kansashossein/Teaching/Fa11/... · 2001 Irwin Levinstein 2 nd 2NF Example SSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC 123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123

©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Curing Emp_ProjSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123 2 7.5 Smith ProdY Suga 666 3 40.0 Narayan ProdZ Hous 453 1 20.0 English ProdX Bell 453 2 20.0 English ProdY Suga 333 2 10.0 Wong ProdY Suga 333 3 10.0 Wong ProdZ Hous 333 10 10.0 Wong Compu Staf

EMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJ

SSN → Ename

ππππssn,ssn,ssn,ssn,enameenameenameename(EMP_PROJ)(EMP_PROJ)(EMP_PROJ)(EMP_PROJ)

SSN | ENAMESSN | ENAMESSN | ENAMESSN | ENAME123 Smith666 Narayan453 English333 Wong

EMPEMPEMPEMPSSN | PNO | HOURS | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | PNAME | PLOC123 1 32.5 ProdX Bell 123 2 7.5 ProdY Suga 666 3 40.0 ProdZ Hous 453 1 20.0 ProdX Bell 453 2 20.0 ProdY Suga 333 2 10.0 ProdY Suga 333 3 10.0 ProdZ Hous 333 10 10.0 Compu Staf

EMP_PROJ1EMP_PROJ1EMP_PROJ1EMP_PROJ1

Page 43: Second Normal Form - University of Kansashossein/Teaching/Fa11/... · 2001 Irwin Levinstein 2 nd 2NF Example SSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC 123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123

©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Curing Emp_ProjSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123 2 7.5 Smith ProdY Suga 666 3 40.0 Narayan ProdZ Hous 453 1 20.0 English ProdX Bell 453 2 20.0 English ProdY Suga 333 2 10.0 Wong ProdY Suga 333 3 10.0 Wong ProdZ Hous 333 10 10.0 Wong Compu Staf

EMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJ

SSN → Ename

ππππssn,ssn,ssn,ssn,enameenameenameename(EMP_PROJ)(EMP_PROJ)(EMP_PROJ)(EMP_PROJ)

ππππssn,pno,hours,ssn,pno,hours,ssn,pno,hours,ssn,pno,hours,pnamepnamepnamepname,,,,plocplocplocploc(EMP_PROJ)(EMP_PROJ)(EMP_PROJ)(EMP_PROJ)

SSN | ENAMESSN | ENAMESSN | ENAMESSN | ENAME123 Smith666 Narayan453 English333 Wong

EMPEMPEMPEMPSSN | PNO | HOURS | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | PNAME | PLOC123 1 32.5 ProdX Bell 123 2 7.5 ProdY Suga 666 3 40.0 ProdZ Hous 453 1 20.0 ProdX Bell 453 2 20.0 ProdY Suga 333 2 10.0 ProdY Suga 333 3 10.0 ProdZ Hous 333 10 10.0 Compu Staf

EMP_PROJ1EMP_PROJ1EMP_PROJ1EMP_PROJ1

Page 44: Second Normal Form - University of Kansashossein/Teaching/Fa11/... · 2001 Irwin Levinstein 2 nd 2NF Example SSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC 123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123

©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Curing Emp_Proj1SSN | PNO | HOURS | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | PNAME | PLOC123 1 32.5 ProdX Bell 123 2 7.5 ProdY Suga 666 3 40.0 ProdZ Hous 453 1 20.0 ProdX Bell 453 2 20.0 ProdY Suga 333 2 10.0 ProdY Suga 333 3 10.0 ProdZ Hous 333 10 10.0 Compu Staf

EMP_PROJ1EMP_PROJ1EMP_PROJ1EMP_PROJ1

PNO | PNAME | PLOCPNO | PNAME | PLOCPNO | PNAME | PLOCPNO | PNAME | PLOC1 ProdX Bell 2 ProdY Suga 3 ProdZ Hous 10 Compu Staf

PROJPROJPROJPROJ

SSN | PNO | HOURSSSN | PNO | HOURSSSN | PNO | HOURSSSN | PNO | HOURS123 1 32.5123 2 7.5666 3 40.0453 1 20.0453 2 20.0333 2 10.0333 3 10.0333 10 10.0

EMP_PROJ2EMP_PROJ2EMP_PROJ2EMP_PROJ2

Page 45: Second Normal Form - University of Kansashossein/Teaching/Fa11/... · 2001 Irwin Levinstein 2 nd 2NF Example SSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC 123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123

©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Curing Emp_Proj1SSN | PNO | HOURS | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | PNAME | PLOC123 1 32.5 ProdX Bell 123 2 7.5 ProdY Suga 666 3 40.0 ProdZ Hous 453 1 20.0 ProdX Bell 453 2 20.0 ProdY Suga 333 2 10.0 ProdY Suga 333 3 10.0 ProdZ Hous 333 10 10.0 Compu Staf

EMP_PROJ1EMP_PROJ1EMP_PROJ1EMP_PROJ1

Pno → Pname,Ploc

PNO | PNAME | PLOCPNO | PNAME | PLOCPNO | PNAME | PLOCPNO | PNAME | PLOC1 ProdX Bell 2 ProdY Suga 3 ProdZ Hous 10 Compu Staf

PROJPROJPROJPROJ

SSN | PNO | HOURSSSN | PNO | HOURSSSN | PNO | HOURSSSN | PNO | HOURS123 1 32.5123 2 7.5666 3 40.0453 1 20.0453 2 20.0333 2 10.0333 3 10.0333 10 10.0

EMP_PROJ2EMP_PROJ2EMP_PROJ2EMP_PROJ2

Page 46: Second Normal Form - University of Kansashossein/Teaching/Fa11/... · 2001 Irwin Levinstein 2 nd 2NF Example SSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC 123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123

©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Curing Emp_Proj1SSN | PNO | HOURS | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | PNAME | PLOC123 1 32.5 ProdX Bell 123 2 7.5 ProdY Suga 666 3 40.0 ProdZ Hous 453 1 20.0 ProdX Bell 453 2 20.0 ProdY Suga 333 2 10.0 ProdY Suga 333 3 10.0 ProdZ Hous 333 10 10.0 Compu Staf

EMP_PROJ1EMP_PROJ1EMP_PROJ1EMP_PROJ1

Pno → Pname,Ploc

ππππpno,pno,pno,pno,pnamepnamepnamepname,,,,plocplocplocploc(EMP_PROJ)(EMP_PROJ)(EMP_PROJ)(EMP_PROJ)

PNO | PNAME | PLOCPNO | PNAME | PLOCPNO | PNAME | PLOCPNO | PNAME | PLOC1 ProdX Bell 2 ProdY Suga 3 ProdZ Hous 10 Compu Staf

PROJPROJPROJPROJ

SSN | PNO | HOURSSSN | PNO | HOURSSSN | PNO | HOURSSSN | PNO | HOURS123 1 32.5123 2 7.5666 3 40.0453 1 20.0453 2 20.0333 2 10.0333 3 10.0333 10 10.0

EMP_PROJ2EMP_PROJ2EMP_PROJ2EMP_PROJ2

Page 47: Second Normal Form - University of Kansashossein/Teaching/Fa11/... · 2001 Irwin Levinstein 2 nd 2NF Example SSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC 123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123

©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Curing Emp_Proj1SSN | PNO | HOURS | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | PNAME | PLOC123 1 32.5 ProdX Bell 123 2 7.5 ProdY Suga 666 3 40.0 ProdZ Hous 453 1 20.0 ProdX Bell 453 2 20.0 ProdY Suga 333 2 10.0 ProdY Suga 333 3 10.0 ProdZ Hous 333 10 10.0 Compu Staf

EMP_PROJ1EMP_PROJ1EMP_PROJ1EMP_PROJ1

Pno → Pname,Ploc

ππππpno,pno,pno,pno,pnamepnamepnamepname,,,,plocplocplocploc(EMP_PROJ)(EMP_PROJ)(EMP_PROJ)(EMP_PROJ)

ππππssn,pno,hoursssn,pno,hoursssn,pno,hoursssn,pno,hours(EMP_PROJ1)(EMP_PROJ1)(EMP_PROJ1)(EMP_PROJ1)PNO | PNAME | PLOCPNO | PNAME | PLOCPNO | PNAME | PLOCPNO | PNAME | PLOC1 ProdX Bell 2 ProdY Suga 3 ProdZ Hous 10 Compu Staf

PROJPROJPROJPROJ

SSN | PNO | HOURSSSN | PNO | HOURSSSN | PNO | HOURSSSN | PNO | HOURS123 1 32.5123 2 7.5666 3 40.0453 1 20.0453 2 20.0333 2 10.0333 3 10.0333 10 10.0

EMP_PROJ2EMP_PROJ2EMP_PROJ2EMP_PROJ2

Page 48: Second Normal Form - University of Kansashossein/Teaching/Fa11/... · 2001 Irwin Levinstein 2 nd 2NF Example SSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC 123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123

©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Retrieving Emp_Proj

PNO | PNAME | PLOCPNO | PNAME | PLOCPNO | PNAME | PLOCPNO | PNAME | PLOC1 ProdX Bell 2 ProdY Suga 3 ProdZ Hous 10 Compu Staf

PROJPROJPROJPROJ

SSN | PNO | HOURSSSN | PNO | HOURSSSN | PNO | HOURSSSN | PNO | HOURS123 1 32.5123 2 7.5666 3 40.0453 1 20.0453 2 20.0333 2 10.0333 3 10.0333 10 10.0

EMP_PROJ2EMP_PROJ2EMP_PROJ2EMP_PROJ2

SSN | ENAMESSN | ENAMESSN | ENAMESSN | ENAME123 Smith666 Narayan453 English333 Wong

EMPEMPEMPEMP

SSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC

EMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJ

Page 49: Second Normal Form - University of Kansashossein/Teaching/Fa11/... · 2001 Irwin Levinstein 2 nd 2NF Example SSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC 123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123

©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Retrieving Emp_Proj

PNO | PNAME | PLOCPNO | PNAME | PLOCPNO | PNAME | PLOCPNO | PNAME | PLOC1 ProdX Bell 2 ProdY Suga 3 ProdZ Hous 10 Compu Staf

PROJPROJPROJPROJ

SSN | PNO | HOURSSSN | PNO | HOURSSSN | PNO | HOURSSSN | PNO | HOURS123 1 32.5123 2 7.5666 3 40.0453 1 20.0453 2 20.0333 2 10.0333 3 10.0333 10 10.0

EMP_PROJ2EMP_PROJ2EMP_PROJ2EMP_PROJ2

SSN | ENAMESSN | ENAMESSN | ENAMESSN | ENAME123 Smith666 Narayan453 English333 Wong

EMPEMPEMPEMP

Pno → Pname,Ploc

SSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC

EMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJ

Page 50: Second Normal Form - University of Kansashossein/Teaching/Fa11/... · 2001 Irwin Levinstein 2 nd 2NF Example SSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC 123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123

©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Retrieving Emp_Proj

PNO | PNAME | PLOCPNO | PNAME | PLOCPNO | PNAME | PLOCPNO | PNAME | PLOC1 ProdX Bell 2 ProdY Suga 3 ProdZ Hous 10 Compu Staf

PROJPROJPROJPROJ

SSN | PNO | HOURSSSN | PNO | HOURSSSN | PNO | HOURSSSN | PNO | HOURS123 1 32.5123 2 7.5666 3 40.0453 1 20.0453 2 20.0333 2 10.0333 3 10.0333 10 10.0

EMP_PROJ2EMP_PROJ2EMP_PROJ2EMP_PROJ2

SSN | ENAMESSN | ENAMESSN | ENAMESSN | ENAME123 Smith666 Narayan453 English333 Wong

EMPEMPEMPEMP

Pno → Pname,Ploc SSN → Ename

SSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC

EMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJ

Page 51: Second Normal Form - University of Kansashossein/Teaching/Fa11/... · 2001 Irwin Levinstein 2 nd 2NF Example SSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC 123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123

©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Retrieving Emp_Proj

PNO | PNAME | PLOCPNO | PNAME | PLOCPNO | PNAME | PLOCPNO | PNAME | PLOC1 ProdX Bell 2 ProdY Suga 3 ProdZ Hous 10 Compu Staf

PROJPROJPROJPROJ

SSN | PNO | HOURSSSN | PNO | HOURSSSN | PNO | HOURSSSN | PNO | HOURS123 1 32.5123 2 7.5666 3 40.0453 1 20.0453 2 20.0333 2 10.0333 3 10.0333 10 10.0

EMP_PROJ2EMP_PROJ2EMP_PROJ2EMP_PROJ2

SSN | ENAMESSN | ENAMESSN | ENAMESSN | ENAME123 Smith666 Narayan453 English333 Wong

EMPEMPEMPEMP

Pno → Pname,Ploc SSN → Ename

SSN,Pno → Hours

SSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC

EMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJ

Page 52: Second Normal Form - University of Kansashossein/Teaching/Fa11/... · 2001 Irwin Levinstein 2 nd 2NF Example SSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC 123 1 32.5 Smith ProdX Bell 123

©2001 Irwin Levinstein

Retrieving Emp_Proj

PNO | PNAME | PLOCPNO | PNAME | PLOCPNO | PNAME | PLOCPNO | PNAME | PLOC1 ProdX Bell 2 ProdY Suga 3 ProdZ Hous 10 Compu Staf

PROJPROJPROJPROJ

SSN | PNO | HOURSSSN | PNO | HOURSSSN | PNO | HOURSSSN | PNO | HOURS123 1 32.5123 2 7.5666 3 40.0453 1 20.0453 2 20.0333 2 10.0333 3 10.0333 10 10.0

EMP_PROJ2EMP_PROJ2EMP_PROJ2EMP_PROJ2

SSN | ENAMESSN | ENAMESSN | ENAMESSN | ENAME123 Smith666 Narayan453 English333 Wong

EMPEMPEMPEMP

Pno → Pname,Ploc SSN → Ename

SSN,Pno → Hours

(EMP_PROJ2 �(pno),(pno)PROJ) �(ssn),(ssn)EMP

SSN,Pno → Hours

SSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOCSSN | PNO | HOURS | ENAME | PNAME | PLOC

EMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJEMP_PROJ