Seat Belts... A Matter of Dollars and Sense... Ginger Floerchinger-Franks, M.S., Dr.P.H. Idaho...
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Transcript of Seat Belts... A Matter of Dollars and Sense... Ginger Floerchinger-Franks, M.S., Dr.P.H. Idaho...
Seat Belts. . .
A Matter of Dollars and Sense. . .
Ginger Floerchinger-Franks, M.S., Dr.P.H.Idaho Department of Health & Welfare
Bureau of Health Promotion
Mary HunterIdaho Transportation Department
Office of Highway Safety
Topics To Be Covered
Injury in Idaho versus U.S. TBI estimates Injury Prevention Strategies – Overview The Seat Belt Connection Past Motor Vehicle Injury Prevention Efforts Costs
YPLL- 65: U.S. & Idaho, 2000
18
16.6
12.2
10.5 10
5.64.9
24.2
15.6
9.7 9.9
15
8.4
1.5
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
UnintentionalInjury
Cancer Heart IntentionalInjury
MVC Suicide Homicide
Pe
rce
nt
of
YP
LL
-65
U.S.
Idaho
10 Leading Causes of Death – U.S. 2000Age Groups
Rank <1 1-4 5-9 10-14 15-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ All Ages
1CongenitalAnomalies
5,743 UnintentionalInjury 1,826
UnintentionalInjury 1,391
UnintentionalInjury 1,588
UnintentionalInjury 14,113
UnintentionalInjury 11,769
MalignantNeoplasms
16,520
MalignantNeoplasms
48,034
MalignantNeoplasms
89,005
HeartDisease 593,707
HeartDisease 710,760
2Short
Gestation 4,397
CongenitalAnomalies
495
MalignantNeoplasms
489
MalignantNeoplasms
525 Homicide 4,939
Suicide 4,792 UnintentionalInjury 15,413
HeartDisease 35,480
HeartDisease 63,399
MalignantNeoplasms
392,366
MalignantNeoplasms
553,091
3 SIDS 2,523
MalignantNeoplasms
420
CongenitalAnomalies
198 Suicide 300 Suicide 3,994 Homicide 4,1
64
HeartDisease 13,181
UnintentionalInjury 12,278
Chronic Low.Respiratory
Disease 10,739
Cerebro-vascular 148,045
Cerebro-vascular 167,661
4Maternal
PregnancyComp. 1,404
Homicide 356
Homicide 140
Homicide 231
MalignantNeoplasms
1,713
MalignantNeoplasms
3,916 Suicide 6,562
LiverDisease
6,654
Cerebro-vascular
9,956
Chronic Low.Respiratory
Disease 106,375
Chronic Low.Respiratory
Disease 122,009
5Placenta
CordMembranes
1,062
HeartDisease
181
HeartDisease
106
CongenitalAnomalies
201
HeartDisease
1,031
HeartDisease
2,958
HIV 5,919
Cerebro-vascular
6,011
DiabetesMellitus 9,186
Influenza& Pneumonia
58,557 UnintentionalInjury 97,900
6Respiratory
Distress 999
Influenza& Pneumonia
103
BenignNeoplasms
62
HeartDisease
165
CongenitalAnomalies
441
HIV 2,437
LiverDisease
3,371 Suicide 5,437 UnintentionalI
njury 7,505
DiabetesMellitus 52,414
DiabetesMellitus 69,301
7 UnintentionalInjury 881
Septicemia 99
Chronic Low.Respiratory
Disease 48
Chronic Low.Respiratory
Disease 91
Cerebro-vascular
199
DiabetesMellitus
623 Homicide 3,219
DiabetesMellitus 4,954
LiverDisease
5,774
Alzheimer'sDisease 48,993
Influenza& Pneumonia
65,313
8BacterialSepsis
768
PerinatalPeriod
79
Influenza& Pneumonia
47
Cerebro-vascular
51
Chronic Low.Respiratory
Disease 190
Cerebro-vascular
602
Cerebro-vascular
2,599
HIV 4,142
Nephritis 3,100
Nephritis 31,225
Alzheimer'sDisease 49,558
9Circulatory
SystemDisease
663
BenignNeoplasms
53
Septicemia 38
Influenza& Pneumonia
40
Influenza& Pneumonia
189
CongenitalAnomalies
477
DiabetesMellitus 1,926
Chronic Low.Respiratory
Disease 3,251
Suicide 2,945 UnintentionalInjury 31,051
Nephritis 37,251
10Intrauterine
Hypoxia 630
Chronic Low.Respiratory
Disease 51
Two Tied 25
BenignNeoplasms
37
HIV 179
LiverDisease
415
Influenza& Pneumonia
1,068
ViralHepatitis
1,894
Septicemia 2,899
Septicemia 24,786
Septicemia 31,224
10 Leading Causes of Death – Idaho 2000Age Groups
Rank <1 1-4 5-9 10-14 15-24 25-34 35-44 45-54 55-64 65+ All Ages
1CongenitalAnomalies
48 UnintentionalInjury 7
UnintentionalInjury 14
UnintentionalInjury 12
UnintentionalInjury 74
UnintentionalInjury 63
UnintentionalInjury 69
MalignantNeoplasms
176
MalignantNeoplasms
322
HeartDisease
2,129
HeartDisease
2,519
2Short
Gestation 16
CongenitalAnomalies
3
HeartDisease
3 Suicide 4 Suicide 31 Suicide 28
MalignantNeoplasms
65
HeartDisease
105
HeartDisease
224
MalignantNeoplasms
1,534
MalignantNeoplasms
2,128
3 SIDS 12
MalignantNeoplasms
1
CongenitalAnomalies
2
MalignantNeoplasms
2
MalignantNeoplasms
8
MalignantNeoplasms
17
HeartDisease
48 UnintentionalInjury 72
Chronic Low.Respiratory
Disease 52
Cerebro-vascular
660
Cerebro-vascular
720
4Maternal
PregnancyComp.
9
PerinatalPeriod
1
Influenza& Pneumonia
1
Homicide 1 Heart
Disease 3
Homicide 7 Suicide 28 Liver
Disease 27
UnintentionalInjury 49
Chronic Low.
RespiratoryDisease
501
Chronic Low.Respiratory
Disease 569
5Placenta
CordMembranes
9
MalignantNeoplasms
1
DiabetesMellitus
2
DiabetesMellitus
5
LiverDisease
12 Suicide 25
DiabetesMellitus
43
Influenza&
Pneumonia 261
UnintentionalInjury 518
6Intrauterine
Hypoxia 7
Homicide 2 CongenitalAnomalies
4
Cerebro-vascular
10
Cerebro-vascular
17
Cerebro-vascular
31
Alzheimer'sDisease
258
DiabetesMellitus
304
7Neonatal
Hemorrhage 7
Influenza& Pneumonia
2
HeartDisease
4 Homicide 10
DiabetesMellitus
13
LiverDisease
26
DiabetesMellitus
232
Influenza& Pneumonia
288
8 UnintentionalInjury 5
Chronic Low.Respiratory
Disease 1
HIV 3
DiabetesMellitus
9
Chronic Low.Respiratory
Disease 12
Suicide 13
Unintentional
Injury 153
Alzheimer'sDisease
262
9Circulatory
SystemDisease
4
ComplicatedPregnancy
1
Influenza& Pneumonia
3
CongenitalAnomalies
4
ViralHepatitis
9
Influenza& Pneumonia
12
Parkinson'sDisease
84
Suicide 167
10Respiratory
Distress 4
Two Tied
2
HIV 4
Influenza& Pneumonia
7
Nephritis 10
Nephritis 81
LiverDisease
109
TBI Versus All Injury Deaths
U.S. – Each Year
TBI ~33% of all injury deaths
Idaho 1999 – 2001
TBI ~45% of all injury deaths
TBI Annual Estimates – U.S.
1.5 million new TBI annually
50,000 fatalities>230,000 hospitalizations80,000 long-term disabilities
5.3 million living with a TBI disability
TBI Annual Estimates – Idaho
Based on U.S. estimates
7,000 new TBI
235 deaths
>1080 hospitalizations
375 long term disabilities
~24,900 living with a TBI disability
Changing Patterns Of TBI Fatalities: U.S.
•Overall: Rates are decreasing.
• Firearms-related: Increased to 1994. Decreased since 1995.
Fall-related: Rates are increasing.
•Motor vehicle-related: Decreased to 1994.
TBI Deaths United States 1989-1998
Firearm-Related: 40%
Ages 20 – 74
Motor Vehicle-Related: 34%
Ages 0-19
Fall-Related: 10%
Ages >75
Head Injury Deaths Idaho 1999 - 2001
Average: 320 per year
Motor Vehicle-Related: 50%
Firearm-Related: 31%
Fall-Related: 14%
Motor Vehicle Collisions - Idaho
More than 5 Idahoans are either killed or seriously injured each day.
Leading cause of death for ages 5 – 34.
83% of MVC deaths are aged > 18 years.
60% of MVC fatalities involved a head injury.
Motor Vehicle Collision Injuries & Fatalities
1,146 Fatalities
8,891 Serious Injuries
26,375 Visible Injuries
Idaho 1997 - 2001
INJURIESINJURIES
ARE NOT random accidents.
ARE predictable.
ARE preventable.
Injury Prevention:Public Health Perspective
Surveillance
Risk Factor Identification
Program Development & Implementation
Program Evaluation
Motor Vehicle Injury Prevention:Transportation Perspective
Engineering
Enforcement
Education
Emergency Medical Services
Haddon –Injury Prevention
Prevent the creation of the hazard. Prevent the release or distribution of the hazard.
Modify the hazard.
Increase resistance to the hazard.
Counter damage done by the hazard.
Stabilize, repair, rehabilitate damage.
Haddon Matrix
FACTORS
PHASES
HUMAN AGENT ORVEHICLE
PHYSICALENVIRONMENT
SOCIOCULTURALENVIRONMENT
PRE-EVENT
EVENT
POST-EVENT
Haddon Matrix - MVC
FACTORS
PHASES
HUMAN AGENT ORVEHICLE
PHYSICALENVIRONMENT
SOCIOCULTURALENVIRONMENT
PRE-EVENT
EVENT
POST-EVENT
• Alcohol Use
•Driver’s Vision
•Brakes/Tires• Ease of Control
•Road Visibility•Signs/Signals
•Alcohol Attitudes
• Driving Experience•Use of Safety Restraints
•Vehicle Size•Vehicle Speed
•Guard Rails•Recovery Areas
•Speed Limits•Type of Safety Restraint Laws
•Age•Physical Condition
•Fuel System Integrity
•Distance and Quality of EMS
•Support for Trauma Care
Systems