S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)

Sébastien Bianchin TRIUMF / University of British Columbia

on behalf of the TREK-E06 Collaboration

PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th, 2001)

Massachusetts Institute of Technology, MA, USA

Thursday, July 28th 2011

Search for Non-Standard Model Physics

Using the Transverse Muon Polarization

in Stopped K+ Decay

The E06 TREK Experiment

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S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)

TREK = Time Reversal Experiment with Kaons

Outline

TREK Program

Search for Time Reversal Symmetry Violation

Test of Lepton Universality

Search for Heavy Neutrinos

Hadron Facility at J-PARC

TREK Apparatus – R&D

Status & Schedule

Lower intensity

The TREK Program at J-PARC

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S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)

Stopped K+ Experiments @ K1.1BR

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P36 (LFU)

“Measurement of RK = (K+ →e+) / (K+ →m)

and search for heavy sterile neutrinos”

Stage-1 (PAC11-Jan’11); 30 kW (~2013) (S. Shimizu, Parallel 5C – Meson Decays, July 28th @ 4pm)

E06 (TREK)

“Measurement of T-violating transverse muon

polarization (PT) in K+→0mdecay”

Stage-1, 270 kW (~2014)

S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)

Stopped K+ Experiments @ K1.1BR

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E06 (TREK)

“Measurement of T-violating transverse muon

polarization (PT) in K+→0mdecay”

Stage-1, 270 kW (~2014)

P36 (LFU)

“Measurement of RK = (K+ →e+) / (K+ →m)

and search for heavy sterile neutrinos”

Stage-1 (PAC11-Jan’11); 30 kW (~2013) (S. Shimizu, Parallel 5C – Meson Decays, July 28th @ 4pm)

S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)

K+→mdecay

PT is T-odd, and spurious effects from final state interaction are small: PT (FSI) < 10-5 Non-zero PT is a signature of T violation

Standard Model (SM) contribution to PT : PT (SM) < 10-7 -

PT in the range 10-3 – 10-5 is a sensitive probe of CP violation beyond the SM.

There are theoretical models of new physics which allow a sizable PT value without conflicting with other experimental constraints.

The TREK experiment aims for a sensitivity of 10-4

Transverse m+ Polarization in the Km3

Decay

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S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)

PTstat ~ 0.05 PT

stat (E246) ~ 10-4 : 1.4 x 107 sec runtime

1) Precise calibration of misalignments 2) Correction of systematic effects 3) Precise fwd-bwd cancellation

1) Beam intensity x 30 2) Detector acceptance x 10 3) Larger analyzing power

PTsyst ~ 0.1 PT

syst (E246)

~ 10-4

We are aiming for a sensitivity of PT ~ 10-4

Expected Sensitivity

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S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)

Model K+ 0m+ K+ m+

■ Standard Model < 10-7 < 10-7

■ Final State Interactions < 10-5 < 10-3

Multi-Higgs ≤ 10-3 ≤ 10-3

PT (K+ 0m+) ≈ + 3 PT (K

+ m+)

SUSY with squark mixing ≤ 10-3 ≤ 10-3

PT (K+ 0m+) ≈ − 3 PT (K

+ m+) SUSY with R-parity breaking ≤ 4 x10-4 ≤ 3 x10-4

Leptoquark model ≤ 10-2 ≤ 5 x10-3

■ Left-Right symmetric model 0 < 7x10-3

New Physics: Model Predictions for PT

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S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)

J-PARC Facility

(KEK/JAEA）

North

S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)

J-PARC Facility

(KEK/JAEA）

3 GeV

Synchrotron

CY2007 Beams

Linac

North

S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)

J-PARC Facility

(KEK/JAEA）

Hadron Exp.

Facility

Materials and Life

Experimental

Facility

JFY2008 Beams

3 GeV

Synchrotron

CY2007 Beams

Linac

North

S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)

J-PARC Facility

(KEK/JAEA）

North

Neutrino Beams (to Kamioka)

JFY2009 Beams

Hadron Exp.

Facility

Materials and Life

Experimental

Facility

JFY2008 Beams

3 GeV

Synchrotron

CY2007 Beams

Linac

S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)

Beam

Dump

K1.8

K1.8BR

K1.1

S-type

KL

K1.1BR

C-type

30~50 GeV

primary beam Production

target (T1)

J-PARC Hadron Hall

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S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)

Proton beam

K1.1BR = K0.8 Beam Line Installation

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S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)

K1.1BR completed in summer 2010 using the supplementary budget of FY09

Commissioned in Oct. 2010 by the TREK collaboration

- ESS Length of 2.0m to be increased to 2.5m

- Length Q8-FF of 3.3m to be reduced to 1.5m (remove iron shielding wall)

K1.1-BR

Proton beam

Q1, Q2

D2

Q3, Q4 D1 T1

ESS

Q5, Q6

D3

• FF

Q7 Q8

MS

IFX,

IFY

SX1

SX2

HFOC

SX1

K1.1BR = K0.8 Beam Line Installation

S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)

Use an upgraded E246 detector

PT is measured as the azimuthal asymmetry Ae+ of the m+ decay positrons

Active Polarimeter

( Japan )

New Fibre Target

( Canada )

C0,C1 GEM

( USA )

CsI(Tl) readout ( Russia )

K+→m

The TREK Experimental Apparatus

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S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)

bwd - fwd -

The Stopped Beam Method K+→m

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Side view of the TREK setup

0 (2) detection EM Calorimeter

m+ tracking Target + 5 Chambers

e+ detection Active Muon Polarimeter

Experimental method

Decay Plane

S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)

The Stopped Beam Method K+→m

768 CsI(Tl) crystals (250mm in length ea.)

12 “muon holes” @ 90º to allow m+ to enter 12 spectrometer gaps

75% of 4 str

Electromagnetic calorimeter

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bwd - fwd - 0 detection

S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)

The Stopped Beam Method K+→m

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bwd - fwd -

Tracking system

Charged particle tracking

5 Chambers :

1 cylindrical GEM chamber (C0)

1 planar GEM chamber (C1)

3 planar MWPCs (C2, C3, C4)

+ Active Target !

S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)

The Stopped Beam Method K+→m

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bwd - fwd -

Active muon polarimeter

m+ polarization measurement

e+

Active Muon Polarimeter

Muon stopper : 33 plates (Al, Mg or other light metal alloy)

Plate thickness : ~ 2mm

Plate gap ~ 8mm

S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)

The Stopped Beam Method K+→m

Double ratio experiment AT = (Afwd - Abwd ) / 2 Ncw - Nccw Afwd(bwd) = Ncw + Nccw PT = AT / {<cosT>}

: analyzing power <cosT> : attenuation factor Im = PT / KF : physics parameter

KF : kinematic factor

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bwd - fwd -

S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)

Current limit from KEK--E246

The Stopped Beam Method K+→m

PT = - 0.0017 ± 0.0023(stat) ± 0.0011(syst) |PT | < 0.005 (90% CL)

Im= - 0.0053 ± 0.0071(stat) ± 0.0036(syst) |Im| < 0.016 (90% CL)

Double ratio experiment AT = (Afwd - Abwd ) / 2 Ncw - Nccw Afwd(bwd) = Ncw + Nccw PT = AT / {<cosT>}

: analyzing power <cosT> : attenuation factor Im = PT / KF : physics parameter

KF : kinematic factor

M.Abe et al., Phys. Rev. D 73, 072005 (2006)

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bwd - fwd -

S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)

Planar GEMs (C1)

between CsI and C2

Cylindrical GEM (C0)

as replacement for old C1

70 µm holes

140 µm spacing

GEM technology --

In collaboration with

Jefferson Lab,

Hampton U. and MIT

TREK/E06 Tracking Upgrade

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S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)

300 mm

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0 m

m

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0 m

m

• Vertex tracking near target, < 0.1 mm • Very high rate capability > 1 kHz/mm2

• Radiation-hardness >> 107 particles/mm2

The C0 Cylindrical GEM for TREK

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S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)

• Improve the timing characteristics of

CsI(Tl) by replacing PIN diode with APD

• Pulse shaping and pile-up analysis

One-module energy One-module timing

too slow new requirement

• Both 1 and 9 module tests have been performed using an e+ beam at Tohoku Univ. to check the energy resolution and high-rate performance of APD readout

R&D(1) – APD Readout for CsI(Tl)

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C1 GEM

S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)

Full angular acceptance for positrons – 10x higher than in E-246

Determination of decay vertex – background-free measurement

Measurement of e+ angle and approx. energy – higher analyzing power

Improved field alignment – suppressed systematic error

Full-size prototype tested at TRIUMF in Nov. 2009

μ+

e+

Top View

μ+

R&D(2) – Active Muon Polarimeter

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S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)

R&D(3) – Active Scintillating Fiber Target

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Light Guide: Kuraray Y11 WLS Fibre (1400 mm)

Readout: SiPMT (Hamamatsu MMPC)

1x1 mm2 / 400 px

Gain 7.5x105

3x3 mm2

356 fibres

S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)

Target:

Finer segmentation of TGT scintillating fibres Readout: MPPC (SiPMT) Hamamatsu

Particle ID:

Aerogel Cherenkov surrounding target, TOF

Charged particle tracking: Add new element C1 between CsI(Tl) and C2

Add cylindrical GEM (C0) (remove aerogel)

0 (1&2 photon) detection: New, faster readout of CsI(Tl): APD, MAPD

Wave form analysis using FADCs

Muon polarimeter : Active polarimeter with increased acceptance

New muon holding field magnet with a parallel field

LFU

30 kW

~2013

TREK

270 kW

>100 kW

~2014

Upgrade Timeline

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S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)

TREK at J-PARC is gaining momentum

“K1.1BR” secondary beamline has been commissioned

Measurement of the T-violating transverse muon

polarization in Kμ3 decay (~2014)

- Large potential for the discovery of New Physics

- Upgrade of existing experimental setup of KEK E-246

Summary

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S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)

The TREK Collaboration

CANADA University of Saskatchewan

Department of Physics and Engineering

University of British Columbia

Department of Physics and Astronomy

TRIUMF

Universite de Montreal

Laboratoire de Physique Nucleaire

University of Manitoba

Department of Physics

USA Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT)

University of South Carolina

Department of Physics and Astronomy

Iowa State University

College of Liberal Arts & Sciences

Hampton University

Department of Physics

Jefferson Laboratory

RUSSIA Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS)

Institute for Nuclear Research (INR)

JAPAN Osaka University

Department of Physics

National Defense Academy

Department of Applied Physics

Tohoku University

Research Center for Electron Photon Science

High Energy Accel. Research Org. (KEK)

Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies

Institute of Material Structure Science

Accelerator Laboratory

Kyoto University,

Department of Physics

Tokyo Institute of Technology (TiTech)

Department of Physics

VIETNAM University of Natural Sciences

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http://trek.kek.jp

S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)

The TREK Collaboration

CANADA University of Saskatchewan

Department of Physics and Engineering

University of British Columbia

Department of Physics and Astronomy

TRIUMF

Universite de Montreal

Laboratoire de Physique Nucleaire

University of Manitoba

Department of Physics

USA Massachusetts Inst. of Technology (MIT)

University of South Carolina

Department of Physics and Astronomy

Iowa State University

College of Liberal Arts & Sciences

Hampton University

Department of Physics

Jefferson Laboratory

RUSSIA Russian Academy of Sciences (RAS)

Institute for Nuclear Research (INR)

JAPAN Osaka University

Department of Physics

National Defense Academy

Department of Applied Physics

Tohoku University

Research Center for Electron Photon Science

High Energy Accel. Research Org. (KEK)

Institute of Particle and Nuclear Studies

Institute of Material Structure Science

Accelerator Laboratory

Kyoto University,

Department of Physics

Tokyo Institute of Technology (TiTech)

Department of Physics

VIETNAM University of Natural Sciences

New collaborators are welcome!

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http://trek.kek.jp

S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)

Thank You

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S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)

J-PARC March11 Earthquake Damage

S. Bianchin PANIC 2011 (July 24th – 29th 2011)