Scientific Writing for MCH Epidemiologists
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Transcript of Scientific Writing for MCH Epidemiologists
Scientific Writing for MCH Epidemiologists
Jody W. Zylke, MDSenior EditorJAMA
Writing the Scientific Paper
Introduction Methods Results Discussion Abstract Title
Purpose of an Abstract
To provide a short but accurate overview of the study
Importance of Abstract
Important for 3 reasons May persuade someone to read the
whole article Allow busy readers to learn main points
without reading the whole article Captured in computerized databases
Goals of Abstract
Make sense when read alone Convey main results Shouldn’t contain anything not in paper Follow journal guidelines for structure
and length
Structure of Abstract
Context Objective Design, setting, participants Main outcome measure Intervention Results Comment
Dataless Abstract
Results: Compared with children who showed high self-regulation in both behavioral protocols at ages 3 and 5 years, children who exhibited a compromised ability to self-regulate had the highest BMI z scores at each point and the most rapid gains in BMI z scores over the 9-year period. Effects of pubertal status were also noted for girls.
Match the Journal
Context, objective, design, setting, participants, main outcome measures, results, conclusion
Background, methods, results, conclusions Objective, methods, results, conclusions Background, methods, findings, interpretation Unstructured
Pediatrics Lancet New England Journal of Medicine JAMA American Journal of Epidemiology
JAMA Abstract
New England Journalof Medicine Abstract
Pediatrics Abstract
Lancet Abstract
American Journal ofEpidemiology Abstract
Purpose of Title
Captures reader’s attention Used to index article Represents article in reference lists
Structure of Title
Types—declarative, questions, catchy Subtitles Independent variable, dependent
variable, study population: Effect of x on y in z
Titles in September Pediatrics--Examples
1. Health behaviors and infant health outcomes in homeless pregnant women in the United States
1. Fine
2. Suicidal behavior differs among early and late adolescents treated with antidepressant agents
2. Gives away the conclusion of the study. Better: Suicidal behavior among early and late adolescents treated with antidepressants
3. Fasting might not be necessary before lipid screening: a nationally representative cross-sectional study
3. The title contains the implications of the study. Better: Relationship between length of fast and lipid screening levels in children
4. Relationship of maternal snuff use and cigarette smoking with neonatal apnea
4. Good
5. Parent involvement in pain management for NICU infants: a randomized controlled trial
5. Good use of subtitle
6. Sleep disorders in children: a national assessment of primary care pediatrician practices and perceptions
6. Title tells little about study and subtitle is too long. Better: Pediatricians’ perceptions and practices for sleep disorders in children
7. Premasticating food for weaning African infants: a possible vehicle for transmission of HIV
7. Subtitle is study background, and not clear what aspect of premastication was looked at. Better: Characteristics of premastication practices for weaning infants in South Africa
8. Use of models to identify cost-effective interventions: pertussis-vaccination for pediatric health care workers
8. Title tells little about study; main title is really subtitle. Better: Cost-effectiveness of pertussis vaccination for NICU workers