Scientific Methodimages.pcmac.org/SiSFiles/Schools/AL/MobileCounty/DavidsonHigh/Uploads...The...
Transcript of Scientific Methodimages.pcmac.org/SiSFiles/Schools/AL/MobileCounty/DavidsonHigh/Uploads...The...
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ScientificMethod
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Mass vs. Weight
►First we will define Matter… Matter – anything that has mass & takes up
space
►Mass – measurement that tell how much matter you have (kg)
►Weight – measurement of the amount of matter you have with the effect of gravity
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For Example…
►Let’s say a guy weighs 150 pounds
►This is about 54 kg in mass
►What would his mass be on the moon if the moon’s gravity is about 1/6 that of the Earth?
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Hmmmm…
►Would it be 1/6 of 150 pounds?
►Would it be 1/6 of 54 kg?
►Would it be 150 pounds
►Or would it be 54 kg?
The answer is …
54 kg
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Some of you are scratching your heads…
►The reason is because gravity has NOTHING to do with mass – that’s only for weight
►His mass did not change only his weight changed
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Accuracy vs. Precision
►Accuracy – How close you are to the correct answer
►Precision – How close your answers are together
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For Example…
►Let’s say we had the following dart board
Is the accuracy good or bad? Accuracy - GOOD
Is the precision good or bad? Precision - GOOD
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Try this one
►Let’s say we had the following dart board
Is the accuracy good or bad? Accuracy - BAD
Is the precision good or bad? Precision - GOOD
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Try this one
►Let’s say we had the following dart board
Is the accuracy good or bad? Accuracy - BAD
Is the precision good or bad? Precision - BAD
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The Scientific Method
►Scientific Method – a systematic approach used in scientific study
►It is an organized approach for scientists to do research
►Provides a method for scientists to verify their work and the work of others
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Steps for the Scientific Method
Step # 1 – Observation
►Observation – the act of gathering information (data) Qualitative data – information with NO
numbers ►(hot, blue, rainy, cold)
Quantitative data – information with numbers
►(98 F, 80% humidity, 0 C)
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Steps for the Scientific Method
Step # 2 – Form a Hypothesis
►Hypothesis – tentative explanation for what has been observed
There is no formal evidence at this point
It is just a gut feeling
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Steps for the Scientific Method
Step # 3 – ExperimentationExperimentation – a set of controlled observations that test the hypothesis
Independent variable – the thing that you change in the experiment
Dependant variable – the thing that changes because you changes the independent variable
Constant – something that does not change during the experiment
Control – the standard for comparison
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For example…
►Let’s say we are going to do an experiment testing what happens when you heat and cool a balloon…
We will start with a balloon at
room temperature
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Now we will change something…
I will add heat
to one balloon
What will happen
to the balloon’s
size?
It will expand
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Now let’s cool things down
I will cool
down the
balloon
What will happen
to the balloon’s
size?
It will get
smaller
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So what is what?► What variable did YOU change?
Temperature
► What variable changes BECAUSE you changed the temperature?
Size of the balloon
► What is did not change in the experiment?
Amount of air in the balloon, what the balloon is made of…
► What balloon did you use to compare the others to?
The room temperature balloon
(Independent Variable)
(Dependent Variable)
(Constant)
(Control)
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Steps for the Scientific Method
Step # 4 – Conclusion
►Conclusion – judgment based on the information obtained