SCIENTIFIC MODELS OF TALKSCIENTIFIC MODELS OF TALK

Lecture 2CLecture 2C

COMN 2111 COMMUNICATION IN COMN 2111 COMMUNICATION IN

EVERYDAY LIFEEVERYDAY LIFE

S’s Self-image

S’s Self-image

S’s Projected Self-image

S’s Projected Self-image

S’s Image of R

S’s Image of R

R’s Projected self-image

R’s Projected self-image

R’s Image of S

R’s Image of S

R’s Self-Image

R’s Self-Image

SENDERSENDER RECEIVERRECEIVERMESSAGE

CHANNEL

SELF-FEEDBACK LOOPSELF-FEEDBACK LOOP( THE 2 PERSON RELATIONSHIP MODEL)( THE 2 PERSON RELATIONSHIP MODEL)

SELF-FEEDBACK LOOPSELF-FEEDBACK LOOP( THE 2 PERSON RELATIONSHIP MODEL)( THE 2 PERSON RELATIONSHIP MODEL)

APPARENT CONTRADICTIONAPPARENT CONTRADICTION

• HOW WE HOW WE THINKTHINK ABOUT ABOUT COMMUNICATION - TENNIS MATCHCOMMUNICATION - TENNIS MATCH

• HOW WE HOW WE DODO COMMUNICATION - COMMUNICATION - AUTOMATIC PROCESS OF MUTUAL AUTOMATIC PROCESS OF MUTUAL ADJUSTMENTADJUSTMENT

COMMUNICATION AS AUTOMATIC COMMUNICATION AS AUTOMATIC TRANSACTIONS: THE PROCESSTRANSACTIONS: THE PROCESS

COMMUNICATION AS AUTOMATIC COMMUNICATION AS AUTOMATIC TRANSACTIONS: IN CONTEXTTRANSACTIONS: IN CONTEXT

INTERPERSONAL COMMMUNICATION INTERPERSONAL COMMMUNICATION MODEL: TRANSACTION AS MODEL: TRANSACTION AS COMPETENCECOMPETENCE

INTERPERSONAL COMMMUNICATION INTERPERSONAL COMMMUNICATION MODEL: TRANSACTION AS MODEL: TRANSACTION AS COMPETENCECOMPETENCE

• LANGUAGELANGUAGE COMPETENCECOMPETENCE• KNOWING THE SOUND SYSTEMKNOWING THE SOUND SYSTEM• MEANINGS OF WORDS (NAMING)MEANINGS OF WORDS (NAMING)• SYNTAX (ORDER OF WORDSSYNTAX (ORDER OF WORDS))

• COMMUNICATION COMPETENCECOMMUNICATION COMPETENCE• KNOWING RULES OF COMMUNICATION INTERACTIONKNOWING RULES OF COMMUNICATION INTERACTION• NON-VERBAL RULES OF INTERACTIONNON-VERBAL RULES OF INTERACTION• EMOTIONAL COMPETENCEEMOTIONAL COMPETENCE

• For most people these competences For most people these competences are so deeply learned they are done are so deeply learned they are done without thinking.without thinking.

• THE ENVIRONMENT IN WHICH THE THE ENVIRONMENT IN WHICH THE COMMUNICATION OCCURSCOMMUNICATION OCCURS

• HAS PHYSICAL, TEMPORAL AND SOCIAL-HAS PHYSICAL, TEMPORAL AND SOCIAL-PSYCHOLOGICALPSYCHOLOGICAL DIMENSIONSDIMENSIONS

• INFLUENCES THE CONTENT AND FORMINFLUENCES THE CONTENT AND FORM OF OF COMMUNICATION EVEN THOUGH IT IS COMMUNICATION EVEN THOUGH IT IS OFTEN IGNOREDOFTEN IGNORED

THE CONTEXTTHE CONTEXT

SEVEN AXIOMS OF INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATIONSEVEN AXIOMS OF INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION

INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION IS:

1. IP communication is inevitable, 1. IP communication is inevitable, irreversible and unrepeatableirreversible and unrepeatable

2.2. IP communication is a process of on-IP communication is a process of on-going adjustment over time. going adjustment over time.

• IP communication is a system of interconnected elements IP communication is a system of interconnected elements that flare part of athat flare part of a dynamically inter-connective flow dynamically inter-connective flow (axiom one). We constantly adjust our to each other as we (axiom one). We constantly adjust our to each other as we talk.talk.

3.3. Always contains Always contains relationship and relationship and content dimensions. content dimensions.

• The simultaneous exchanges of The simultaneous exchanges of “mixed messages“mixed messages”” - - about the topic of the talk and us as peopleabout the topic of the talk and us as people..

• Using Using “mixed meda”“mixed meda” - words and non-verbals. - words and non-verbals.

INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION IS:INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION IS:

4. Complementary or symmetrical in effect• They reflect the exercise of power in the moment or in the on-going

relationship, since one person’s behavior may stimulate either symmetrical (equally powerful) or complementary (different levels of power) responses from another.

5. Is always seen by each participant as a “series of punctuated events.”

• We organize the seamless flow of an exchange into orderly sequences that support our view of ourselves, and the world.

6. IP Communication is a transactional process

• A process of exchanging bits of our sevles while we are exchanging information about some topic in a process with no clear beginning, endings or exact sameness from one time to the next.

SEVEN AXIOMS OF INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATIONSEVEN AXIOMS OF INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION

THE FIRST SIX AXIOMS ARE ABOUT THE FIRST SIX AXIOMS ARE ABOUT PROCESS PROCESS THE FIRST SIX AXIOMS ARE ABOUT THE FIRST SIX AXIOMS ARE ABOUT PROCESS PROCESS

• HOW THE PROCESS OF IP COMMUNICATION WORKS IN A UNIVERSAL SENSE

• ALL OF THESE FACTORS OPERATE EVERY TIME WE TALK

• BUT WE DON’T SAY THE SAME THINGS IN EVERY SITUATION

THE SEVENTH AXIOM IS ABOUT THE SEVENTH AXIOM IS ABOUT PRAGMATICSPRAGMATICSTHE SEVENTH AXIOM IS ABOUT THE SEVENTH AXIOM IS ABOUT PRAGMATICSPRAGMATICS

• THE PRAGMATICS OF THE PRAGMATICS OF COMMUNICATION COMMUNICATION

• The effects of communication on othersThe effects of communication on others• The reasons The reasons why we say what wewhy we say what we do in particular situations do in particular situations

• PROBLEM SITUATIONSPROBLEM SITUATIONS• Two types (1) something that both parties recognize is

“at arm’s length” from the conversation itself because they think they are communicating quite effectively in the situation, or (2) an issue about the talk itself – a “communication breakdown” – where one or both of the speakers feels misunderstood or unappreciated by the other.

THE SEVENTH AXIOMTHE SEVENTH AXIOMTHE SEVENTH AXIOMTHE SEVENTH AXIOM

7. In interpersonal communication, when faced with difference, disagreement, or disorder, human beings need to be or feel right.