Scientific Models

Beth Roland

Eighth Grade Science

JFMS

Why use a model…What’s the purpose?

• A model is a scale representation of an object or a system.

• Often if an object or system is exceedingly large or small, a model is used to conceptualize the object.

• Models often use something familiar to understand something that is unfamiliar.

Physical Models

• A Physical model, such as a model air plane, is a scale reproduction of an object.

• A physical model is limited in that it does not function exactly as the real object.

Mathematical Models

• A mathematical model allows you to use equations to calculate such things as forces and acceleration.

• Mathematical models are used for weather forecasting.

• Mathematical models have numerous variables (factors that change) and are often so complex a computer is needed to solve the formulas.

Conceptual Models

• A conceptual model are systems (or series) of ideas that help illustrate or explain an idea.

• The Big Bang Theory, is a conceptual model that is used to explain the evolution of our universe. Often, not all data fits or supports a conceptual model.

Theory vs. Law• Theory- A theory is a unifying explanation based

on hypothesis and observations that have been supported by testing.

• A theory is not accepted as law and may change as new knowledge is gained about the topic.

• Law- A law is a summary of many experimental results and conclusions. Laws tell us what happens not why it is so.