SCIENCE POLICY AND INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC COLLABORATION IN THE

PHILIPPINES AND UP DILIMAN

JOSE MARIA P. BALMACEDA Dean and Professor of Mathematics

College of Science University of the Philippines Diliman

OUTLINE

I.  THE UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES –  UP System –  UP Diliman –  College of Science

II.  PHILIPPINE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY POLICY –  Department of Science and Technology (DOST) –  Commission on Higher Education (CHED)

III.  OUTLOOK AND PROSPECTS –  Bright Spots –  Constraints and Challenges

I.    UNIVERSITY  OF  THE  PHILIPPINES            SYSTEM  (UP)  AND  UP  DILIMAN  

SOUTHEAST  ASIA  

The  University  of  the  Philippines  System  •  UP is a system of 8 constituent universities and 1

constituent college: –  UP Diliman (comprehensive) –  UP Manila (health sciences, medicine) –  UP Los Baños (agriculture, forestry, veterinary science) –  UP Baguio –  UP Visayas (fisheries) –  UP Cebu* –  UP Mindanao –  UP Open University

*CONSTITUENT  COLLEGE  

UP    SYSTEM    

 •  8 constituent

universities (including UP Open Univ)

•  Located in 12 campuses

•  Flagship unit is UP DILIMAN

                 

UP  DILIMAN  

UP  MINDANAO  

UP  BAGUIO  

UP  MANILA  

UP  VISAYAS  

UP  LOS  BAÑOS  

UP  CEBU  

UP  System    •  Established in 1908

•  A new charter was passed by Congress in 2008, declaring UP as the (only) National University

•  Student population (system): 50,000+

•  UP Diliman: 16,000 undergrad; 8,000 post-grad

•  Over 80,000 take the annual UP College Admission Test ~4,000 are admitted to UP Diliman ~7,000 to the rest (excluding the UP Open Univ)

•  246 undergraduate and 362 graduate programs  

UP  Diliman  •  Flagship university

•  Programs:

~100 undergrad programs

~120 masters programs

~55 doctoral programs

•  26 degree granting units (Colleges/Schools)

•  Faculty members: ~1,500

 

The National Science Complex, UP Diliman, 2016

ACADEMIC CLUSTERS OF UP DILIMAN

ARTS AND LETTERS

SOCIAL SCIENCES AND LAW

MANAGEMENT AND ECONOMICS

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

College of Arts and Letters

College of Fine

Arts

College of Human Kinetics

College of Mass Communications

College of Music

Asian Center

College of Education

Institute of Islamic Studies

College of Law

College of Social Work and

Community Development

College of Social Sciences and Philosophy

Asian Institute of Tourism

College of Business Administration

School of Economics

School of Labor and Industrial Relations

School of Urban and Regional Planning

National College of Public

Administration and Governance

Archaeological Studies Program

College of Architecture

College of Engineering

College of Home Economics

Institute of Library and Information

Science

College of Science

School of Statistics

COLLEGE OF SCIENCE, UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES DILIMAN

www.science.up.edu.ph  

•  Established as a separate college in 1983

•  Biology, Chemistry and Mathematics departments were established in 1910

•  310 full-time faculty members with 165 PhDs

•  1,000 post-graduate students; 1,900 undergraduates

•  Operates a Marine Laboratory, Library, Computational Sciences Research Center, Technology Incubation Core Facility

•  Runs two programs: Materials Science and Engineering, Science and Society

•  Occupies a 21-hectare area declared by the national government as the “National Science Complex”

INSTITUTES OF THE COLLEGE IB  –  InsBtute  of  Biology  I-­‐CHEM  –  InsBtute  of  Chemistry  IESM  –  InsBtute  of  Environmental  Sciences    

               and  Meteorology  I-­‐MATH  –  InsBtute  of  MathemaBcs  

MSI  –  Marine  Science  InsBtute  NIP  –  NaBonal  InsBtute  of  Physics  

NIGS  –  NaBonal  InsBtute  of  Geological  Sciences    NIMBB  –  NaBonal  InsBtute  of  Molecular  

               Biology  and  Biotechnology  NSRI*  –  Natural  Sciences  Research  InsBtute  *non-­‐degree  granBng  All  InsBtutes  have  been  declared  as  Centers  of  Excellence  by  the  Commission  on  Higher  EducaBon  

COLLEGE OF SCIENCE ACADEMIC PROGRAMS

•  BS, MS and PhD degree programs in: –  Biology, Chemistry, Math/Applied Math, Physics/Applied

Physics, Geology, Molecular Biology and Biotechnology

•  MS and PhD programs in: –  Marine Science, Environmental Science, Meteorology,

Materials Science, Microbiology

•  Other graduate programs offered: –  Professional Masters in Applied Math (Actuarial Science) –  Professional Masters in Tropical Marine Ecosystems

Management –  Post-baccalaureate diploma programs in Biology, Math,

Chemistry and Physics

Key  Offices  for  Science  Policy  and  InternaNonal  CollaboraNon  in  UP  

UP SYSTEM UP DILIMAN

Science Policy •  Office of the Vice President for Academic Affairs (OVPAA)

•  Office of the Vice Chancellor for Research and Development (OVCRD)

•  Office of the Vice Chancellor for Academic Affairs

International Collaboration

•  Office of International Linkages (under OVPAA)

•  UPD Office of International Linkages (under OVCAA)

Intellectual Property, Technology Transfer, Legal Issues

•  Technology Transfer and Business Development Office (under OVPAA)

•  UP System Legal Office

•  OVCRD Technology Transfer Office

•  OVCRD Project Management Office

II.  SCIENCE  &  TECHNOLOGY  POLICY  

Key  Government  Agencies  •  Department of Science and Technology (DOST)

–  Central government agency for science and technology policy, programs and initiatives.

–  Headed by the DOST Secretary with Undersecretaries for

•  Research and Development •  Science and Technology Services •  Regional Operations

•  Commission on Higher Education (CHED) –  Governing body covering both public and private higher

(tertiary) educational institutions. Also implements large bi/multilateral academic cooperation programs (e.g. Philippines-California Advanced Research Institutes, 5-year €60 million program).

Harmonized  NaBonal  R&D  Agenda  2013-­‐2020  

•  Harmonizing S & T research and development to alleviate poverty, promote inclusive growth, mitigate disasters and adapt to climate change

•  National R & D agenda outcomes: – A better life for the Filipino through science,

technology and innovation. – Globally competitive capacity for science,

technology and innovation.

Persistent  and  Emerging  Problems  •  Worsening  traffic  and  mobility  –  DOST  SoluBon:  Sustainable  Mass  Transport  Systems  

•  Poor  sanitaBon  –  DOST  SoluBon:  Eco-­‐sepBc  tank  

•  Lack  of  potable  water  –  DOST  SoluBon:  Ceramic  Water  Filter  

2015  Science  Technology  and  InnovaNon  Polices  by  DOST  

•  Data sharing policy •  IP policy •  Technology transfer protocols for R&D

institutions •  Fairness opinion report guidelines •  IP management

III.  OUTLOOK  AND  PROSPECTS  

Improved  S&T  research  climate  •  UP science policy and programs are generally aligned with

government thrusts and priorities

•  DOST and UP have embarked on massive S&T infrastructure and human resource development

•  Dramatic increase in government S & T support

–  Establishment of the Engineering Research and Development for Technology (consortium headed by UP Diliman College of Engineering, €60 million, 2007-2014)

–  Infrastructure development of the National Science Complex (UP Diliman College of Science, €60 million, 2006-2014)

•  DOST is the biggest funding source of UP for science and technology projects. Most of the major S & T projects of DOST are implemented by UP units

•  Project NOAH (Nationwide Operational Assessment of Hazards) – geo-hazard maps, flood, storm surge early warning

•  DREAM-LiDAR technology to map 18 major river basins and many minor rivers for hazard/flood inundation forecasting (€32 M)

–  DREAM: Disaster Risk and Exposure Assessment and Mitigation

–  LiDAR: Lighting Detection and Ranging Tech for mapping

•  Cessna planes carry LiDAR equipment which generate high resolution 3D flood hazard maps to create flood forecasting models

•  NOAH and DREAM-LiDAR are led by UP’s geologists, engineers and marine scientists

UP  partners  with  DOST  in  Disaster  Management

DREAM-LiDAR won the Geospatial World Excellence in Policy Implementation Award for 2014 in Geneva, Switzerland. The Director of Project NOAH Dwas awarded the 2015 Plinius Medal by the European Geosciences Society for accomplishments in the field of Natural Hazards.

Natural Sciences at UP Diliman’s

College of Science

New methods for acquisition of images and

other signals (NIP)

Transcriptome sequencing encoding

neuroactive peptides in Conus snails (MSI)

Bioactive constituents of Philippine medicinal

plants (IC)

Synthesis of polymers for food

additives (IC)

Detection and early warning system for Philippine harmful algal blooms (MSI)

Physical properties of high temperature

superconductors (NIP)

Geological, geochemical and geophysical

investigations of the Philippine archipelago

(NIGS)

Microbial  genomics  for  taxonomy,  enzyme  and  natural  products  

discovery  and  producNon    (MSI  &  NIMBB)  

Understanding biodiversity at various scales: From genes to

ecosystems (IB)

BioacNve  marine  natural  products  and  drug  discovery  from  invertebrates  and  associated  microbial  symbionts  (MSI)  

         NIP-­‐Physics,  IC-­‐Chemistry,  NIMBB-­‐Molecular  Biology,  IB-­‐Biology,  NIGS-­‐Geology,  MSI-­‐  Marine  Science    

Terahertz  emission  from  thin  film  photovoltaic  materials  excited  by  femtosecond  laser  pulses  (NIP)  

Entanglement  spectrum  and  number  fluctuaNons  in  the  spin-­‐parNNoned  BCS  ground  state  (NIP)  

Emerging Interdisciplinary Research (EIDR): UP’s new R&D framework for long-term

productivity and progress

•  Hubs & Spokes framework (UP Constituent Universities as Hubs, Philippine and foreign Higher Education Institutions, goverment agencies, industries, NGOs as Spokes)

•  3 categories of R&D Hubs & Spokes by priority areas: –  national government priorities (public good) –  industry priorities (private good, job creation for public good) –  academic and basic “pie-in-the-sky” research priorities

•  Aims to build strong, competent research groups or clusters led by expert senior faculty mentoring junior faculty and postgraduate and UG students for long-term capacity building •  Encourages collaborations between science and engineering fields and the arts, culture and humanities  

Building  Human  Knowledge  Capital:  “Suprastructures”  of  Hubs  and  Spokes  

 

Constraints  and  Challenges  •  Lagging in publications and patents

•  Lack of FTE researchers (only 81 per million, way below UNESCO standard of 380 per million)

•  Procurement laws and processes – major obstacle for efficient research implementation

•  Little investment from industry; only few companies undertaking advanced R&D

•  Only few higher education institutes engaging or capable of advance S&T research

•  Newly-elected Philippine President – not much information on science policy directions and programs (threat or opportunity?)

COUNTRY No. of FTE Researchers per million population

Total No. of FTE researchers

Total Head Count of Researchers

Singaporea 6,088 27,301 31,657 Malaysiab 372 9,694 19,021 Thailandc 311 20,506 34,084 Indonesiae 205 42,722 Vietnamd 115 9,328 41,117 Philippinesc 81 6,896 10,690

NO. OF RESEARCHERS, 2010

a=  2007,  b  =  2006,  c  =2005,  d=2002,  e=2001;  Source:  UNESCO  Ins+tute  for  Sta+s+cs  (2010)  

COUNTRY GERD AS % of GDP GERD per capita (PPP$)

Singaporea 2.61 1,341.80 Malaysiab 0.64 79.90 Thailandc 0.25 18.10 Indonesiae 0.19 3.10 Vietnamd 0.12 3.40 Philippinesc 0.05 1.60

R & D EXPENDITURES, 2010

a=  2007,  b  =  2006,  c  =2005,  d=2002,  e=2001;  Source:  UNESCO  Ins+tute  for  Sta+s+cs  (2010)  

ISI-WEB OF SCIENCE PUBLICATIONS, 2010 Rank Country No.of

Publications %

Share No. of FTE Researchers

No. of Publications

per FTE Researcher

1 U.S.A. 304,670 26.40 1,393,520a 0.22 2 Japan 77,263 6.40 677,206a 0.11 5 China 70,962 5.96 926,252a 0.08 11 South Korea 26,434 2.22 156,220a 0.17 30 Singapore 6,528 0.55 21.359a 0.3 43 Thailand 2,625 0.22 18,114b 0.14 50 Malaysia 1,596 0.13 12,670a 0.12 66 Vietnam 590 0.05 9,328c 0.06 68 Indonesia 586 0.05 42,722d 0.01 72 Philippines 520 0.04 5,860b 0.09 a=  2004,  b  =  2003,  c  =2002,  d=2001;  Source:  ISI-­‐Web  of  Science  Cita+on  Databases;  UNESCO  Ins+tute  for  Sta+s+cs  (2010)  

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