Science Is Notes
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Science Is…Science Is…Science Is…Science Is…
Unit 1: An Introduction To Physical Science Unit 1: An Introduction To Physical Science
Part 1 NOTES (Text: Prologue)Part 1 NOTES (Text: Prologue)
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What?!• What do people do when they
cannot explain something?• What do people do when they do
not understand something?• Actions usually fall into 3
categories:– Science (Physical Data, How?)– Arts (Emotions)– Religion (Spiritual, Why?)
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What is SCIENCE?• The orderly search for answers to
our questions about the world we live in.
• How do scientists “orderly search for answers to problems and questions”?
• The questioning is called SCIENTIFIC INQUIRY.
• The steps of problem solving are called
the SCIENTIFIC METHOD.
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How do scientists work?
• Questioning/ Inquiry• Experimentation• Trial & Error
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SCIENCE: What is the difference between
Pure & Applied Science?
• Pure Science– motivated by curiosity – Example: PHYSICS
• Applied Science– designed to answer specific questions– Example: ENGINEERING
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Pseudoscience• “pseudo-”
– is a prefix that means “false”
• Pseudoscience is a “false science”.• Pseudoscience:
– makes predictions– cannot support hypotheses BASED ON DATA.– cannot draw valid conclusions BASED ON
DATA.
• Examples:– Astrology– Some fetal gender predictors– Palm Reading
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Science Skills• Analysis• Communication• Evaluation• Experimentation• Inference• Mathematics• Observation• Organization• Problem Solving• Research• Scientific Measurement
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Scientists must be:• Accurate• Clear• Cooperative• Curious• Expressive• Objective• Open to discussion• Productive
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Science & Math• Science can be described and
analyzed mathematically.
• Math allows scientists to compare measurable data.
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PHYSICAL SCIENCE• PHYSICS-
– Motion– Force– Energy– Matter– Heat– Sound – Light
• CHEMISTRY-– What is matter composed of?– How do molecules combine to form
materials around us?
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• To understanding living things, you must understand chemistry.
• You must understand physics to understand chemistry.
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Science GONE BAD• Salem Witch Trials• Blood Letting• Many other Past Medical
Treatments
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SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
• What technology do we use everyday?
• What do we use technology for in Science?
• Why do we have technology?
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Good or Bad? What are our general feelings
about technology? What are the advantages? What are the disadvantages?
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Risk Assessment• What risks are there in scientific
improvements?• When do the benefits outweigh the
risk?• Who decides now? Who should
decide?• What are ETHICS?
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What is a THEORY?• Scientific Theory:
– Group of verified hypotheses about certain aspects of the natural world.
– Theories may change as scientists learn more about the topic.
– Examples:• The Theory of Evolution• The Theory of the Big Bang• The Theory of Plate Tectonics
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What is a LAW?• Scientific Law or Principle:
– Something that has been tested over and over again and has not been contradicted.
– Examples:• The Law of Gravity• Newton’s Laws
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Fact & Speculation• Scientists rarely say that information is factual.• Fact- BASED ON DATA• a generally close agreement among competent
observers studying the same thing.• A fact can be “disproved” if experimental data
shows otherwise.• Speculation- a statement that cannot be
tested to be correct and/ or incorrect.• Can you make a speculation?• “Intelligent life exists on another planet
somewhere else in the universe”
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Acceptable Information• You cannot test everything.
Sometimes you just have to take someone’s word for something.
• What information is “acceptable”?
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Criteria for determining if information is
“acceptable”
• Comes from a RELIABLE source.• Is TESTABLE.• Is NOT funded or conducted by a
stakeholder.
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QUESTIONS?
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What QUESTIONS will we answer this year?