SCI 241 Carbohydrate Presentation

8/10/2019 SCI 241 Carbohydrate Presentation

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Carbohydrates


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Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are the class of nutrients that includes

sugars, starches, and fibers.

Carbohydrates are the major source of fuel for ones

metabolism and energy for ones body.


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Carbohydrates

The sugars in carbohydrates are: glucose, maltose,

fructose, and sucrose; there is also lactose found in

milk.


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Carbohydrates

Starch is produced by green plants, extracted for over

50 types of plants, and is used by humans as a source

energy (Wikipedia, 2009).

Starch is a large number of glucose units joinedtogether.

Fibers are classified into two groups: soluble fibers

and insoluble fibers.

Fiber is present in all plant foods with varying

proportions of insoluble fiber and soluble fiber; they

are classified by this proportion.


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Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates are broken down into two classes;

simple carbohydrates and complex carbohydrates.

Though all sugars, starches, and fibers are all

carbohydrates they have very different affects withinones body during the digestive process thus

depicting which class they belong to.


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Carbohydrates

Simple carbohydrates

are found in foods such

as fruits, milk &

vegetables. Simple carbohydrates

are a quick energy

source and do not

provide vitamins,

minerals, and fiber.


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Carbohydrates

Foods such as breads,

rice, pasta, legumes, and

vegetables.

Complex carbohydratesprovide vitamins,

minerals and fiber.


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Carbohydrates

Sucrose is most commonly known as table sugar, but

is also called beet sugar, or cane sugar. Sucrose

occurs naturally in many fruits and some vegetables.

Fructose is found in most plants, especially fruits and

saps and is most often referred to as fruit sugar. Glucose is the most common type of sugar the body

breaks food down into. Glucose is sometimes known

as blood sugar.

Maltose is the sugar found in grains and is known as

malt sugar.

Lactose is the principal carbohydrate found in milk

and sometimes referred to as milk sugar.


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Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates benefits are:

Energy obtained from glucose is either:

Distributed to cells and muscles with the help of

insulin for immediate use.

Stored in liver and muscles in the form of

glycogen.

Converted into body fat.


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Carbohydrates

Muscle Tissue:

Is helped by sending glucose directly to them for

immediate use.

Is protected by glycogen previously stored as bodyfat.


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Carbohydrates

Dietary Fiber:

Fibers benefit weight control by reducing the risk

of overeating and is a healthy addition to diet due

to indigestibility. Insoluble fiber stimulates the peristalsis, reducing

risk of digestive disorders.

Soluble fiber reduces cholesterol levels andatherosclerotic heart disease risk.


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Carbohydrates

Lactose Intolerance is a medical disorder in which a

person does not have the ability to digest lactose, a

component of milk and most other dairy products.

Most people are born with the ability to make

adequate amounts of lactase, but lactase productionnormally decreases with age, more so in some

persons and/or ethnic groups than others.

The basis for this condition is lack of an enzyme

called lactase in the small intestine. Without enoughlactase, there is lactose intolerance (Medical

Dictionary, 1998).


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Carbohydrates

The most common symptoms of lactase deficiency

are diarrhea, bloating, and gas.

The diagnosis may be made by a trial of a lactose-free

diet or by special testing. In some cases, otherdiseases of the intestine may need to be excluded by

further medical evaluation (Medical Dictionary,

1998).

The special tests consist of: the lactose tolerance test,

the hydrogen breath, test and the stool acidity test.


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Carbohydrates

Lactose intolerance symptoms can be controlled

through your diet or with over the counter

medications:

Watch and manage your diet effectively to avoidsymptoms and read labels carefully to ensure there

are no lactose ingredients (Medical Dictionary, 1998).

There are additives available from drugstores; tablets

can be taken before a meal or snack for solid foods

that contain lactose and liquid additives for your milk

that will reduce the lactose 70 percent.


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References

Anonymous. (2003, December). Benefits of carbohydrates: how carbs benefit health. Retrieved from

http://74.125.155.132/search?q=cache:VdlN9W_DMbsJ:www.carbs-information.com/carbohydrates-

benefits.htm+carbohydrate+benefits&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us

Medical Dictionary. (1998, October 23). Lactose intolerance. Retrieved from

http://74.125.155.132/search?q=cache:HTLmB7ujwrYJ:www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp%3Farticl

ekey%3D6205+definition+lactose+intolerance&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us

Utah Lesson Plans. (1997, July 09). Carbohydrates-simple and complex. Retrieved from

http://74.125.155.132/search?q=cache:JNEts5bSVmoJ:www.uen.org/Lessonplan/preview%3FLPid%3D126

4+simple+carbohydrates&cd=3&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us

Wikipedia. (2009, November 6). Lactose. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactose

Wikipedia. (2009, November 7). Starches. Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starches
http://74.125.155.132/search?q=cache:VdlN9W_DMbsJ:www.carbs-information.com/carbohydrates-benefits.htm+carbohydrate+benefits&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=ushttp://74.125.155.132/search?q=cache:VdlN9W_DMbsJ:www.carbs-information.com/carbohydrates-benefits.htm+carbohydrate+benefits&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=ushttp://74.125.155.132/search?q=cache:HTLmB7ujwrYJ:www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp%3Farticlekey%3D6205+definition+lactose+intolerance&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=ushttp://74.125.155.132/search?q=cache:HTLmB7ujwrYJ:www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp%3Farticlekey%3D6205+definition+lactose+intolerance&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=ushttp://74.125.155.132/search?q=cache:JNEts5bSVmoJ:www.uen.org/Lessonplan/preview%3FLPid%3D1264+simple+carbohydrates&cd=3&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=ushttp://74.125.155.132/search?q=cache:JNEts5bSVmoJ:www.uen.org/Lessonplan/preview%3FLPid%3D1264+simple+carbohydrates&cd=3&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=ushttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactosehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starcheshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Starcheshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lactosehttp://74.125.155.132/search?q=cache:JNEts5bSVmoJ:www.uen.org/Lessonplan/preview%3FLPid%3D1264+simple+carbohydrates&cd=3&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=ushttp://74.125.155.132/search?q=cache:JNEts5bSVmoJ:www.uen.org/Lessonplan/preview%3FLPid%3D1264+simple+carbohydrates&cd=3&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=ushttp://74.125.155.132/search?q=cache:HTLmB7ujwrYJ:www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp%3Farticlekey%3D6205+definition+lactose+intolerance&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=ushttp://74.125.155.132/search?q=cache:HTLmB7ujwrYJ:www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp%3Farticlekey%3D6205+definition+lactose+intolerance&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=ushttp://74.125.155.132/search?q=cache:VdlN9W_DMbsJ:www.carbs-information.com/carbohydrates-benefits.htm+carbohydrate+benefits&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=ushttp://74.125.155.132/search?q=cache:VdlN9W_DMbsJ:www.carbs-information.com/carbohydrates-benefits.htm+carbohydrate+benefits&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=ushttp://74.125.155.132/search?q=cache:VdlN9W_DMbsJ:www.carbs-information.com/carbohydrates-benefits.htm+carbohydrate+benefits&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=ushttp://74.125.155.132/search?q=cache:VdlN9W_DMbsJ:www.carbs-information.com/carbohydrates-benefits.htm+carbohydrate+benefits&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=ushttp://74.125.155.132/search?q=cache:VdlN9W_DMbsJ:www.carbs-information.com/carbohydrates-benefits.htm+carbohydrate+benefits&cd=1&hl=en&ct=clnk&gl=us

SCI 241 Carbohydrate Presentation

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