SCHOOL OF DIVINITY, HISTORY AND PHILOSOPHY

ACADEMIC SESSION 2013-2014

HI 303T IMPERIAL RUSSIA, 1801-1914

30 CREDITS 12 WEEKS

PLEASE NOTE CAREFULLY:

The full set of school regulations and procedures is contained in the

Undergraduate Student Handbook which is available online at your

MyAberdeen page. Students are expected to familiarise themselves not only

with the contents of this leaflet but also with the contents of the Handbook.

Therefore, ignorance of the contents of the Handbook will not excuse the

breach of any school regulation or procedure.

You must familiarise yourself with this important information at the earliest

opportunity.

COURSE CO-ORDINATOR/COURSE TEAM

Course coordinator: Professor A.J. Heywood

Office hours: see departmental webpage

Telephone: 01224-272640

Email: t.heywood@abdn.ac.uk

Discipline Administration:

Mrs Barbara McGillivray/Mrs Gillian Brown

50-52 College Bounds

Room CBLG01

01224 272199/272454

history-ug@abdn.ac.uk

TIMETABLE

For the times and locations of classes please consult your portal or

My Aberdeen

You can view the University Calendar at

http://www.abdn.ac.uk/students/13027.php

COURSE DESCRIPTION

This course will examine key issues and events in Russian history during the period 1801-1914. The following themes will be central:

Autocracy, opposition and alternatives;

International affairs, military might and great-power status;

Social problems and the inter-relation of sections of Russian society;

Economic problems such as modernisation, industrialisation, finance, communications etc;

Problems of a vast contiguous Empire, containing many non-Russian groups, religions and cultures, in an age of imperial competition

INTENDED AIMS AND LEARNING OUTCOMES

The aims and learning outcomes of this course are:

to provide an overview of Russian history during the period 1801-1914;

to introduce students to key issues in Late Imperial Russian history;

to help in understanding key problems in modern European history by studying their manifestation in the Russian setting;

to encourage students to analyse the complexity of interactive factors which were involved in historical processes in Late Imperial Russia;

to allow students to explore the particular Russian characteristics of the modernisation processes at work in the period and the debates which surrounded these.

This work involves the development and use of skills that are indispensable in many different kinds of work, both within academia and in the world at large. You are expected to develop your IT skills by submitting your essays and presentation notes in word-processed format, and your communication skills by engaging in debate, which involves the presentation and receipt of argument, comment and criticism. Other transferable skills arise from the content of the course. Since 1914 Russian history has passed through many extraordinary phases. Our own era is one in which Russia is struggling to find new social, political and economic structures as well as clarify an identity and a role in the

world. Studying the period 1801-1914 should elucidate many aspects of subsequent Russian history. Such study should also inform comparisons with the histories of west European and other states as they emerged into the modern world. More generally, the course should help you to develop your ability:

to evaluate evidence, construct arguments, test them against opposing views and to judge the merits of conflicting interpretations;

to understand the value of cooperative work and the necessity of organising time and work both individually and within a team;

to make presentations, speak to a group and lead discussions;

to synthesise complex relations involving cause and effect;

to deal with problems of significance and relevance;

to deal with problems of complexity and inter-relation of factors in dynamic situations;

to write and construct an argument to a deadline and within limits on length of presentation;

to engage in intellectual debate and the exchange of ideas and to appreciate constructive criticism.

LECTURE/SEMINAR PROGRAMME

(This course meets for four hours per week of lectures in the first 3 weeks (12 hours) and then normally 3 hours per week for seminars. Week 1 1 Introduction: Key themes Organisation of seminars Guidance for presentations and coursework Election of two course representatives 2 Library session (in the library, floor 2 seminar room) 3-4 Lecture: Russia, 1801-1856

Reform, Reaction and Opposition, 1801-1825

‘Frozen Russia’, 1825-1855

Russia as a ‘Great Power’, 1801-1856

Week 2 1-2 Lecture: Russia, 1856-1905

Reform and Opposition, 1855-1881

Reaction and Opposition, 1881-1905 3-4 Lecture: Russia, 1856-1905, continued

Social and Economic Development, 1856-1905

Diplomacy, War and Empire, 1856-1905

Week 3 1-2 Lecture: Russia, 1905-1914

The 1905 Revolution

The Constitutional Experiment, 1905-14 3-4 Lecture: Russia, 1905-1914, continued

The Economy, 1907-1914

Russia and Europe, 1906-1914

Social Stability, 1907-1914 Week 4 1 Seminar: An epitaph for Alexander I 2 Seminar: An epitaph for Nicholas I 3 Seminar: Why did Russia get embroiled in the Crimean War? Week 5 1 Seminar: What was the long-term political significance of the Great

Reforms? 2 Seminar: Why, and how successfully, did Populists turn to terrorism in the

1870s? 3 Seminar: How effectively did Alexander III reassert the principle of

autocracy? Week 6 1-2 Seminar: What was the long-term social and economic significance of the

Great Reforms? 3 Seminar: How successful was the ‘Witte system’?

Week 7 1-3 No classes – reading time

Week 8 1 No class – reading time 2 Seminar: What was the core character of Russia’s foreign policy

between 1856 and 1905? 3 Seminar: How should we define Russian imperialism? Week 9 1 Seminar: How beneficial, or counter-productive, was the Franco-

Russian alliance for Russia? 2 Seminar: When did a revolutionary crisis become inevitable in the early

1900s? 3 Seminar: How and why did the monarchy survive in 1905?

Week 10 1 Seminar: Was the ‘Constitutional Experiment’ a success or a failure? 2 Seminar: To what extent was the economy industrialised by 1914? 3 Seminar: How successful were Stolypin’s agrarian reforms?

Week 11 1 Seminar: Why did the Russo-Austrian modus vivendi in the Balkans

collapse? 2 Seminar: How serious was the danger of revolution in July 1914? 3-4 Video screening and seminar: Russia’s long nineteenth century

Week 12 1-3 No classes – reading time

READING LIST

Extensive reading is an essential part of any course in History and will deepen your understanding and enjoyment of the period and the discipline of history. The Selected Bibliography provides points of departure for further reading on the topics covered in the seminars. The footnotes and bibliographies of books and articles mentioned are two sources of still further reading; the search-features of the library catalogue, browsing the open shelves, and consulting the course co-ordinator are other ways forward. A major outcome of a university education should be an ability to find information on any topic within your field. You are encouraged to show initiative in developing this ability. Works of Reference Invaluable for bibliographic advice, biographies, quick definitions, etc. Frame, Murray (compiler), The Russian Revolution, 1905-1921: A Bibliographic

Guide to Works in English (Westport, 1995)

Longley, David, The Longman Companion to Imperial Russia, 1689-1917 (Harlow, 2000)

Rhyne, George N., The Modern Encyclopedia of Russian, Soviet and Eurasian History (Gulf Breeze, 1995 -)

Russia: The CD-ROM (available at the First Floor Office of QML)

Shukman, Harry, ed., The Blackwell Encyclopaedia of the Russian Revolution (Oxford 1988)

Wieczynski, J. L., ed., The Modern Encyclopaedia of Russian and Soviet History

(Gulf Breeze, 1976-)

Primary Sources The critical study of primary source materials is central to the work of the course. Here are some examples of printed collections of documents, memoirs etc which contribute to an overview of the period 1801-1914. Dmytryshyn, Basil, ed., Imperial Russia: A Source Book, 1700-1917 (New York,

1974)

Freeze, Gregory L., ed., From Supplication to Revolution: A Documentary Social History of Imperial Russia (Oxford, 1988)

Lieven, Dominic, ed., British Documents on Foreign Affairs: Reports and Papers from the Confidential Print, Part 1: From the mid-nineteenth century to the First World War; Series A, Russia, 1859-1914, 6 vols ([Frederick], 1983)

McCauley, Martin, Octobrists to Bolsheviks, Imperial Russia 1905 -1917 (London, 1984)

Pares, Sir Bernard, My Russian Memoirs (London, 1931)

Raeff, Marc, ed., Plans for Political Reform in Imperial Russia, 1730-1905 (Englewood Cliffs, 1969)

Riha, T., ed., Readings in Russian Civilization (Chicago, 1969), volume 2

Vernadsky, George, ed., A Source Book for Russian History from Early Times to 1917 (New Haven, 1972), volumes 2 and 3

Also useful are English-language newspapers such as The Times and periodicals such as The Economist and Free Russia. Secondary Sources I suggest that you read two or three of the general histories listed below to get an overview of the period and its dynamics, then deepen your knowledge by selecting items from the additional list.

Examples of general histories and interpretations for late Imperial Russia E. Acton, Russia (London, 1986) P.Bushkovitch, A Concise History of Russia (Cambridge, 2012) R. Charques, The Twilight of lmperial Russia (London, 1974) D. Christian, Imperial and Soviet Russia: Power, Privilege and the Challenge of

Modernity (Basingstoke, 1997) J. Cracraft (ed.), Major Problems in the History of Imperial Russia (Lexington,

Mass., 1994) P. Dukes, A History of Russia, circa 892-1996 (3rd edn, Basingstoke, 1998)

O.Figes, A People’s Tragedy: The Russian Revolution, 1891-1924 (London, 1996)

W. Fuller, Strategy and Power in Russia, 1600-1914 (New York, 1992) P. Gatrell, The Tsarist Economy, 1850-1917 (London, 1986) G. Hosking and R. Service (eds), Reinterpreting Russia (London, 1999) L. Kochan and R. Abraham, The Making of Modern Russia (2nd edn,

Harmondsworth, 1983) M.McCauley, Octobrists to Bolsheviks: Imperial Russia, 1905-1917 (London,

1994) M. Raeff, Understanding Imperial Russia: State and Society in the Old Regime

(New York, 1984) N. Riasanovsky, A History of Russia (5th edn, Oxford, 1993) H. Rogger, Russia in the Age of Modernisation and Revolution, 1881-1917

(London, 1983) H. Seton-Watson, The Russian Empire, 1801-1917 (Oxford, 1971) I.D. Thatcher (ed.), Late Imperial Russia: Problems and Prospects (Manchester,

2005) P. Waldron, The End of Imperial Russia, 1855-1917 (Basingstoke, 1997) J.N. Westwood, Endurance and Endeavour: Russian History, 1812-2001 (5th

edn, Oxford, 2002)

Additional secondary sources – a small selection

Acton, Edward, Alexander Herzen and the Role of the Intellectual Revolutionary (Cambridge, 1979)

Ascher, Abraham, The Revolution of 1905: Vol. 1, Russia in Disarray (Stanford, 1988)

Ascher, Abraham, The Revolution of 1905: Vol. 2, Authority Restored (Cambridge, 1992)

Becker, Seymour, Nobility and Privilege in Late Imperial Russia (Dekalb, 1985)

Billington, James, The Icon and the Axe: An Interpretive History of Russian Culture (New York, 1970)

Black, C. E., ed., The Transformation of Russian Society: Aspects of Social Change since 1861 (Cambridge, Mass, 1960)

Blackwell, William L., ed., The Industrialization of Russia: An Historical Perspective (New York, 1970)

Bonnell, Victoria E., Roots of Rebellion: Workers’ Politics and Organizations in St Petersburg and Moscow, 1900–1914 (Berkeley, 1983)

Bonnell, Victoria E., ed., The Russian Worker: Life and Labor under the Tsarist Regime (Berkeley, 1983)

Carr, E. H., The Romantic Exiles: A Portrait Gallery of Some 19th-Century Refugees from Tsarist Oppression (London, 1933)

Cherniavsky, Michael, Tsar and People: Studies in Russian Myths (New York,

1971)

Christian, David, Imperial and Soviet Russia: Power, Privilege and the Challenge of Modernity (London, 1997)

Clowes, Edith W., Kassow Samuel D. & West James L., eds., Between Tsar and People: Educated Society and the Quest for Public Identity in Late Imperial Russia (Princeton, 1991)

Cracraft, James, Major Problems in the History of Imperial Russia (Lexington, Mass, 1994)

Crisp, Olga, ed., Civil Rights in Imperial Russia (Oxford, 1989)

Davies, R.W., ed., From Tsarism to the New Economic Policy: Continuity and Change in the Economy of the USSR (Basingstoke, 1990)

Davies, R.W. et al., eds., The Economic Transformation of the Soviet Union, 1913-1945 (Cambridge, 1994)

Dennison, T., The Institutional Framework of Russian Serfdom (Cambridge, 2011)

Easley, R., The Emancipation of the Serfs in Russia (London, 2009)

Eklof, Ben et al., eds., Russia’s Great Reforms, 1855–1881 (Bloomington, 1994)

Ely, C., This Meagre Nature: Landscape and National Identity in Imperial Russia (DeKalb, 2011

Emmons, T., The Emancipation of the Russian Serfs (New York, 1970)

Emmons, T., The Russian Landed Gentry and the Peasant Emancipation of 1861 (Cambridge, 1968)

Engelstein, L., Slavophile Empire: Imperial Russia’s Illiberal Path (Ithaca, NY, 2010)

Ferguson Alan D. & Levin, Alfred, eds., Essays in Russian History (Hamden, Conn, 1964)

Fuller, William C., Strategy and Power in Russia, 1600-1914 (New York, 1992)

Fuller, William C.,Civil-Military Conflict in Imperial Russia, 1881-1914 (Princeton, 1985)

Gatrell, Peter, Government, Industry and Rearmament in Russia, 1900-1914: The Last Argument of Tsarism (Cambridge, 1994)

Gatrell, Peter, The Tsarist Economy,1850-1917 (London, 1986)

Gooding, John, Rulers and Subjects: Government and People in Russia, 1801-1991 (London, 1996)

Haimson, Leopold, ed., The Politics of Rural Russia (Bloomington, 1979)

Haimson, Leopold, ‘The Problem of Social Stability in Urban Russia, 1905-17’, Slavic Review, 23/4 (1964), pp. 619-42 and 24/1 (1965), pp. 1-22

Haimson, Leopold, ‘“The Problem of Political and Social Stability in Urban Russia on the Eve of War and Revolution” Revisited’, Slavic Review, 59/4 (2000), pp. 848-75

Hartley, Janet M., A Social History of the Russian Empire, 1650-1825 (London, 1999)

Heywood, A.J., Engineer of Revolutionary Russia: Iu.V. Lomonosov (1876-1952) and the Railways (Farnham, 2011)

Hosking, Geoffrey, Reinterpreting Russia (London, 1999)

Hosking, Geoffrey, The Russian Constitutional Experiment: Government and Duma 1907-1914 (Cambridge, 1973)

Jelavich, Barbara, A Century of Russian Foreign Policy, 1814-1914 (Philadelphia, 1964)

Katkov, George et al., Russia Enters the Twentieth Century (London, 1971)

Keep, John, Soldiers of the Tsar: Army and Society in Russia, 1462-1874 (London, 1985)

Kingston-Mann, Esther, Peasant Economy, Culture and Politics of European Russia, 1800-1921 (Princeton, 1991)

Klier, J., Russians, Jews and the Pogroms of 1881-1882 (Cambridge, 2011)

Kowner, R., The Impact of the Russo–Japanese War (London, 2006)

LeDonne, John P., Absolutism and the Ruling Class: the Foundation of Russian Political Order, 1730-1825 (New York, 1991)

Lensen, George A., Russia’s Eastward Expansion (Englewood Cliffs, 1964)

Lieven, Dominic, Empire: The Russian Empire and its Rivals from the Sixteenth Century to the Present (London, 2002)

Lieven, Dominic, Nicholas II, Emperor of all the Russias (Cambridge, 1994)

Lieven, Dominic, Russia’s Rulers Under the Old Regime (New York, 1979)

Lincoln, W. Bruce, Nicholas I, Emperor and Autocrat of all the Russias (Bloomington, 1978)

Lincoln, W. Bruce, The Great Reforms: Autocracy, Bureaucracy and the Politics of Change in Imperial Russia (DeKalb, 1990)

Manning, Roberta Thompson, The Crisis of the Old Order in Russia: Gentry and Government (Princeton, 1982)

Mazour, Anatole G., The First Russian Revolution, 1825. The Decembrist Movement, its Origins, Development and Significance (Stanford, 1937)

McConnell, A., Tsar Alexander I: Paternalistic Reformer (Arlington, Ill., 1970)

McCoubrey, H., Law Reform in Late Imperial Russia: a Legal History with Modern Implications? (Nottingham, 1994)

McDaniel, Tim, Autocracy, Capitalism and Revolution in Russia (Berkeley, 1988)

McDermid, Jane, Women and Work in Russia, 1880-1930: a Study in Continuity Through Change (London, 1998)

McKean, Robert B., ‘Constitutional Russia’, Revolutionary Russia, 9/1 (1996),

pp. 33-42

McKean, Robert B., ed., New Perspectives in Modern Russian History (London, 1992)

McNeal, Robert, ed., Russia in Transition (New York, 1970)

Mendelsohn, Ezra, Imperial Russia 1700-1917: State, Society, Opposition (DeKalb, 1988)

Menning, Bruce W., Bayonets Before Bullets: The Imperial Russian Army, 1861-1914 (Bloomington, 1992)

Moon, David, The Abolition of Serfdom in Russia, 1762–1907 (Harlow, 2001)

Moon, David, The Russian Peasantry, 1600-1930: The World the Peasants Made (London, 1999)

Morison, John, The 1905 Revolution in Russia (London, 1998)

Mosse, W. E., Alexander II and the Modernization of Russia (London 1958)

Mosse, W. E., An Economic History of Russia, 1856-1914 (London, 1996)

Nove, Alec, An Economic History of the USSR (Harmondsworth, revised edn, 1982) (chap 1)

Offord, Derek, Nineteenth-Century Russia, Opposition to Autocracy (Harlow, 1999)

Orlovsky, D. T., The Limits of Reform, the Ministry of Internal Affairs in Imperial Russia, 1802-1881 (Cambridge, Mass, 1981)

Pallot, J. & Shaw, D. J. B., Landscape and Settlement in Romanov Russia, 1613-1917 (Oxford, 1990)

Pearson, Thomas S., Officialdom in Crisis: Autonomy and Local Self-Government, 1861-1900 (Cambridge, 1989)

Perrie, Maureen, Alexander II: Emancipation and Reform in Russia, 1855-1881. Historical Association Pamphlet (London 1989)

Pipes, Richard, Russia Under the Old Regime (London, 1974)

Polunov, Alexander, Russia in the Nineteenth Century: Autocracy, Reform, and Social Change, 1814–1914 (Armonk, 2005)

Pomper, Philip, The Russian Revolutionary Intelligentsia (Arlington Heights, 1970)

Raeff, Marc, Political Ideas and Institutions in Imperial Russia (Boulder, Colorado, 1994)

Raeff, Marc, The Origins of the Russian Intelligentsia (New York, 1966)

Raeff, Marc, Understanding Imperial Russia: State and Society in the Old Regime (New York, 1984)

Ragsdale, Hugh & Ponomarev, V. N., eds., Imperial Russian Foreign Policy (Cambridge, 1994)

Raleigh, Donald, The Emperors and Empresses of Russia: Rediscovering the Romanovs (Armonk, NY, 1996)

Read, C., ‘In Search of Liberal Tsarism: The Historography of Autocratic Decline’, Historical Journal, 45/1 (2000), pp. 195-210

Reynolds, M.A., Shattering Empires: The Clash and Collapse of the Ottoman and Russian Empires, 1908-1918 (Cambridge, 2011)

Riasanovsky, N. V., A Parting of Ways: Government and the Educated Public in Russia 1801-1855 (Oxford, 1976)

Riasanovsky, N. V., Nicholas I and Official Nationality in Russia (Berkeley, 1961)

Riasanovsky, N. V., Russia and the West in the Teachings of the Slavophiles (Gloucester, Mass, 1965)

Robinson, G. T., Rural Russia Under the Old Regime (New York, 1932)

Rogger, Hans, Jewish Policies and Right Wing Politics in Imperial Russia (London, 1986)

Rogger, Hans, Russia in the Age of Modernization and Revolution, 1881-1917 (London, 1983)

Ruud, C. A., Fighting Words: Imperial Censorship and the Russian Press, 1804-1906 (Toronto, 1982)

Rywkin, Michael, ed., Russian Colonial Expansion to 1917 (London, 1988)

Saunders, David, Russia in the Age of Reaction and Reform, 1801-1881 (London, 1992)

Seton-Watson, Hugh, The Russian Empire, 1801-1917 (Oxford, 1967)

Smele, Jonathon and Heywood, Anthony, eds, The Russian Revolution of 1905: Centenary Perspectives (London, 2005)

Starr, S. Frederick, Decentralization and Self-Government in Russia, 1830-1870 (Princeton, 1972)

Stavrou, T. G., ed., Russia Under the Last Tsar (Minneapolis, 1969)

Stockdale, Melissa, Paul Miliukov and the Quest for a Liberal Russia, 1880-1918 (Ithaca, 1996)

Thatcher, Ian, ed., Late Imperial Russia: Problems and Prospects (Manchester, 2005)

Tian-Shanskaia, O. S., Village Life in Late Tsarist Russia (Bloomington, 1993)

Venturi, Franco, Roots of Revolution (London, 1961)

Vucinich, Wayne, ed., The Peasant in Nineteenth-Century Russia (Stanford, 1968)

Weissman, Neil B., Reform in Tsarist Russia: the State Bureaucracy and Local Government, 1900-1914 (New Brunswick, 1981)

Wirtschafter, Elise K., From Serf to Russian Soldier (Princeton, 1990)

Wirtschafter, Elise K., Social Identity in Imperial Russia (DeKalb, 1997)

Worobec, Christine, Peasant Russia: Family and Community in the Post-Emancipation Period (DeKalb, 1995)

Worobec, Christine (ed.), The Human Tradition in Imperial Russia (London, 2009)

Wyatt, C.M., Afghanistan and the Defence of Empire: Diplomacy and Strategy during the Great Game (London, 2011)

Yaney, George L., The Systematization of Russian Government, Social Evolution in the Domestic Administration of Imperial Russia: 1711-1905 (Chicago, 1973)

Yaney, George L., The Urge to Mobilize: Agrarian Reform in Russia, 1861-1930 (Urbana, 1982)

Zaionchkovsky, P. A., The Abolition of Serfdom in Russia (Gulf Breeze, 1978)

Zaionchkovsky, P.A., The Russian Autocracy in Crisis, 1878–1882 (Gulf Breeze, 1979)

General note about Internet Sources There are very many websites concerned with Russian history during the period under investigation. You will have no problems in finding material on the internet, but be very wary of non-academic websites. In bibliographies you should list primary sources found on the web under the heading ‘Primary sources’, while secondary sources should be listed in the ‘Secondary sources’ section.

ASSESSMENT

Annotated Bibliography, 1500 words (20%)

Primary Source Exercise, 1500 words (20%)

Essay, 4500 words (60%)

Resit: Annotated bibliography 1,500 words (20%); Primary source exercise

1,500 words (20%); Essay 4,500 words (60%)

Click to view the discipline specific Common Assessment Scale (CAS)

descriptors.

ESSAYS

The word count (4,500) includes all footnotes, captions and/or appendices but excludes the bibliography.

Your essay’s bibliography (i.e., the list of only those works actually cited in the footnotes) should include at least two primary sources, as well as a substantial number of secondary sources (aim for at least 15 items), including articles from journals and chapters from edited collections of essays. If you wish, you may include a separate list called Works Consulted listing those works you read but did not cite in the footnotes. Present references in accordance with the guidelines published on the course website.

ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY

The word count (1,500) excludes the citation details. Five scholarly items are required, including at least two monographs and two journal articles. You should aim to provide a very brief description of the argument and a critique of it - what are its strengths and weaknesses? Focus on a specific topic: the selection of items in relation to your topic is a marking criterion. Present references in accordance with the guidelines published on the course website.

PRIMARY SOURCE EXERCISE

The word count (1,500) excludes the citation details. You are required to analyse one of the following documents (open choice): items 23, 26, 28-30, 32, 34-35, 37, 39-42 in T. Riha (ed.), Readings in Russian Civilisation, Vol. II: Imperial Russia, 1700–1917, 2nd edn (Chicago, 1969) (available in ebrary through the AU library catalogue; items listed below – make sure that you do select one from this list)

23 Karamzin, Memoir on Ancient and Modern Russia 26 Belinsky, Letter to Gogol 28 Dobrolyubov, What is Oblomovism? 29 Breshkovskaia, Going to the People 30 Uspenskii, From a Village Diary 32 Aksakov, A Slavophile Statement 34 Pobedonostsev, The Falsehood of Democracy 35 Milyukov, Russian Liberals 37 Witte, An Economic Policy for the Empire 39 Nicholas II, The Speech from the Throne 40 The Government’s Declaration to the First Duma 41 Stolypin, We Need a Great Russia 42 Durnovo, Memorandum to Nicholas II

Start by providing a brief description of the item, then give your critique. Try to show and explain how the source relates to the secondary literature about the topic. Does it support any particular interpretation in the literature? Present references in accordance with the guidelines published on the course website.

LIST OF ESSAY QUESTIONS/BIBLIOGRAPHY TOPICS

You are responsible for choosing a topic for your bibliography, for devising your own essay question, and for getting them approved by the course coordinator. Please NOTE: **THE BIBLIOGRAPHY AND ESSAY MUST NOT BOTH BE ON THE SAME TOPIC** ** failure to agree your bibliography topic and essay title with the course coordinator may cause you to attempt an inappropriate topic and/or title, which could adversely affect your mark**

ASSESSMENT DEADLINES

Annotated Bibliography: Week 4, Wednesday, 3pm

Primary Source Exercise: Week 8, Wednesday, 3pm

Essay: Week 12, Wednesday, 3pm

SUBMISSION ARRANGEMENTS

The Department requires ONE hard and ONE electronic copy of all assignments, as follows: COPY 1: One hard copy together with an Assessment cover sheet,

typed and double spaced – this copy should only have your ID number CLEARLY written on the cover sheet, with NO name and NO signature – and should be delivered to the History Department [Drop-off boxes located in CB008, 50-52 College Bounds].

COPY 2: One copy submitted through Turnitin via MyAberdeen.

EXAMINATION

This course is assessed by continuous coursework assessment only.