School OCEANOGRAPHY

School of

OCEANOGRAPHY

LVA ,YMARINE sc+sOREGON ER

F"S;Tyj, 335

A Compilation ofObservations from

Moored Current Meters

OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY

Volume XIVPart B

Current, Temperature and PressureIn the Drake Passage

During Drake 79

January 1979-January 1980by

R. D. PillsburyJ. S. Bottsro

R. E. StillData Report 91Reference 81-17

December 1981

National Science FoundationGrant No OCE-7823579

4

School of OceanographyOregon State University

Corvallis OR 97331

C-

A COMPILATIONOF OBSERVATIONS

FROM MOORED CURRENT METERS

VOLUME XIVPART B

CURRENTS, TEMPERATURE AND PRESSUREIN THE DRAKE PASSAGE

DURING DRAKE 79

January 1979 - January 1980

byR. D. PillsburyJ. S. BotteroR. E. Still

Data Report 91Reference 81-17December 1981

National Science FoundationGrant No. OCE-7823579

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1

The Current Meter Program. . . . . . . . . . . 2

Description of Processed Data. . . . . . . . . . . . 6

Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

InstallationsMS-1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

MS-2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43

MS-3. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75

MS-4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89

MS-5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111

MS-6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145

MS-7. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 177

Appendix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211

. . .

.

. .

. . . .

. . . .

.

ABSTRACT

Internally recording instruments were installed in the

Drake Passage in January 1979 and recovered in January

1980. Additional instruments were installed at this time

for the first experiment in the Pilot Ocean Monitoring

Experiment. These are to be recovered in March of 1981.

The array consisted of seventy current meters on

twenty-four moorings. In addition there were twenty-eight

temperture/pressure recorders and four thermistor chains

installed on these same moorings. The data were taken at

one hour intervals.

In this report, some of the current meter measurements

are summarized through pertinent statistics, progressive

vector diagrams, real time plots, stick figures, rotary

spectra, and conventional power spectra.

1

Introduction

DRAKE 79 was the major experiment of the International

Southern Ocean Studies (ISOS) program. It followed a series

of preparatory experiments called FDRAKE, and like them was

designed to study circulation and transport processes in the

region of the Drake Passage. FDRAKE began in January of

1975 with extensive hydrographic and chemical data

collection (Anon., 1976 and Nowlin et al., 1977)

supplemented by an array of both short and long term current

meter moorings (Pillsbury et al., 1976, 1977). This

experiment was continued in January of 1976 (FDRAKE 76) with

the collection of additional hydrographic data and the

setting of a second long term current meter array by the R/V

T. G. THOMPSON. The current meter array was recovered by

the R/V MELVILLE in January of 1977 as a part of FDRAKE 77

(Sciremammano et al., 1978). The R/V MELVILLE deployed

a cluster array in January 1977 which was recovered on the

AGS YELCHO in December 1977. A single mooring, Yelcho, was

set at that time and recovered by the R/V MELVILE in January

1979. The data from the cluster array and the Yelcho mooring

are presented in Pillsbury et al., 1980.

DRAKE 79 was designed to study the time and space scales

of flow variations near the Drake Passage, and to expand our

knowledge of the distribution of water mass properties and

their dynamics in this important region of the world'socean.

In this report a compilation of the data from some of

2

the DRAKE 79 current meters is presented. The data from the

thermistor chains, temperature/pressure recorders,

conductivity cells on the Aanderaa meters and remaining

current meters will be presented in a data report to be

issued by Texas A&M University. The complementary

hydrographic data are presented in a report (Worley and

Nowlin, 1979). The hydrographic data from the recovery

cruise aboard the R/V ATLANTIS II will be in a data report

to be issued by Texas A&M University. The pressure

measurements made to complement the hydrographic and current

meter data will be presented in a report to be issued by the

University of Washington.

The Current Meter Program

Figure 1 shows the Main Line (ML) array consisting of 48

current meters on 17 moorings; and the Mapping and

Statistics (MS) array with 22 current meters on 7 moorings

deployed upstream in the Antarctic Circumpolar Current.

Figures 2 and 3 show the duration of data for each meter.

The data from the ML array are presented in Part A of this

report. The data from the MS array are presented in Part B.

The general calibration techniques for the Aanderaa

meters used have been previously discussed (Pillsbury et

al., 1974, 1980).

All of the current meter moorings were subsurface,

taut-wire moorings. Their design followed in large part the

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution intermediate mooring

3

Figure 1, The configuration of the cureent meter moorings installedinstalled in the Drake Passage in 19790

7 0°

54° S

56°

58°

60°

DRAKE 79

O PRESSURE GAUGE MOORING

0 CURRENT METER MOORING

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6 2° A Geodyne current meter

Temperature /pressure recorder

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6

scheme (Heinmiller and Walden, 1973).

Description of the Processed Data

Data from each installation are presented separately.

The header page gives information about the mooring

location, instrumentation, data interval and a statement

describing the kind of data collected at that point and the

quality of the record. For a discussion of the depths

assigned to the meters see the appendix.

Each meter has a serial number assigned to it by the

manufacturer. Each successive tape recorded by that machine

is numbered with the serial number and the tape number.

Thus, 485/10 indicates the tenth tape recorded by machine

485.

The table of statistics following the header page gives

the arithmetic mean, standard deviation, skewness, kurtosis,

maximum value, minimum value and the number of hourly values

of the record length for each variable measured. U is the

true east-west velocity component and V is the true

north-south velocity component.

Progressive vector diagrams, real time plots, stick

figure plots, rotary spectra, and conventional power spectra

follow the table of statistics. Data were taken every hour.

Plots which show each point are too long to be easily

included in this report. To reduce the plots and still

present the important low frequency fluctuations, the data

were filtered with a 60 + 1 + 60 point, Cosine Lanczos

filter with a half-amplitude at 34.3 hours and a half-power

at 40 hours. The data were then resampled at 6 hour

intervals. This filter was designed to remove both tidal

and inertial oscillations. The conventional power spectra

are calculated from unfiltered data.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The funds for the program came from the National

Science Foundation grant OCE - 7823579 which is gratefully

acknowledged. Appreciation is also expressed to B. Moore,

J. Simpkins, E. Seifert and D. Barstow for calibration and

preparation of the instruments. Special appreciation to D.

Root. for his careful and extensive data processing and to G.

Pittock who assembled this report.

REFERENCES

Anon. 1976. CONRAD 18-01 February 2 to March 12, 1975.FDRAKE: a component of ISOS. Data Report. Lamont-DohertyGeological Observatory unpublished technical report,Palisades, New York, 10964.

Heinmiller, R.G. and R.G.Walden. 1973. Details of WoodsHole Moorings. Woods hole Oceanographic InstitutionTechnical Report 73-71.

Nowlin, W. D., T. Whitworth, L. I. Gordon and G. Anderson.1977. Oceanographic station data collected aboard R/VMELVILLE during FDRAKE 75. Texas A&M University, Departmentof Oceanography, College Station, Texas. Reference 77-2-D.

8

Pillsbury, R. D., F. Sciremammano, Jr., J. S. Bottero and R.E. Still. 1980. A Compilation of Observations from MooredCurrent Meters, Vol.XII, Currents, Temperature and Pressurein the Drake Passage during FDrake 77, 78, January 1977 -January 1979. Oregon State University, School ofOceanography, Corvallis, Oregon. Data Report 82. Reference80-11.

Pillsbury, R. D., J. S. Bottero and R. E. Still. 1977. ACompilation of Observations from Moored Current Meters, Vol.X, Currents, Temperature and Pressure in the Drake Passageduring FDRAKE 75, February 1975 - February 1976. OregonState University, School of Oceanography, Corvallis, Oregon.Data Report 67. Reference 77-8.

Pillsbury, R. D., J. S. Bottero and R. E. Still. 1976. ACompilation of observations from Moored Current Meters, Vol.IX, Currents, Temperature and Pressure in the Drake Passageduring FDRAKE 75, January - March 1975. Oregon StateUniversity, School of Oceanography, Corvallis. Data Report65. Reference 76-6.

Pillsbury, R. D., J. S. Bottero and R. E. Still. 1974. ACompilation of Observations from Moored Current Meters, Vol.VI, Oregon Continental Shelf, April - October 1972. OregonState University, School of Oceanography, Corvallis. DataReport 57. Reference 74-2.

Sciremammano, F., R. D. Pillsbury, J. S. Bottero and R. E.Still. 1978. A Compilation of Observations from MooredCurrent Meters, Vol. XI, Currents, Temperature and Pressurein the Drake Passage during FDRAKE 76. Oregon StateUniversity, School of Oceanography, Corvallis. Data Report68. Reference 78-2.

Worley,S.J. and W. D. Nowlin, Jr. 1979 Oceanographic DataCollected Aboard the R/V MELVILLE During January-February1979 and AGS YELCHO During April-May 1979 as a part of DRAKE79. Texas A&M University, Department of Oceanography,College Station, Texas. Reference 79-7-T.

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Instrumentation

Intended Depth RCM5 Serial No./Tape No.

500 m 1534/121200 m 1533/162500 m 2277/14

Instrument 1534 recorded speed, direction, temperature, and pressureonce per hour until the instrument was recovered. The record containedsporadic sections, totalling about 10%, where one or more extra bits wereset in the data words. Speed, temperature, and pressure were initiallycorrected by subtracting out these extra bits where they could beidentified. In addition, sections of unsalvageable garbage were found.Speed, direction, U, and V have been zeroed in the following intervals:(4 JUL '79 to 11 AUG '79) and (29 NOV '79 to 31 DEC '79). Temperaturehas been set to zero from (13 JUL '79 to 21 JUL '79) and (27 DEC '79 to31 DEC '79). Pressure has been set to zero in these intervals:

13 APR '79 - 23 APR '79 28 AUG '79 - 3 SEP '7923 MAY '79-- 6 JUN '79 6 NOV '79 - 11 NOV '794 JUL '79 - 11 AUG '79 29 NOV '79 - 25 DEC '79

Instrument 1533 recorded speed, direction, temperature, and pressure.Direction, temperature, and pressure were recorded once per hour untilthe instrument was recovered. The following intervals in the speed filewere bridged due to an instrument malfunction:

18 MAY '79 - 20 MAY '79 9 AUG '79 - 10 AUG '799 JUN '79 - 10 JUN '79 14 JAN '80 - 17 JAN '80

Instrument 2277 recorded speed, direction, temperature, and pressure.Direction, temperature, and pressure were recorded once per hour untilthe instrument was recovered. The interval from 15 JAN '80 to 16 JAN '80in the processed speed file was bridged due to a rotor counter malfunction.

12

MS-1

685 m

MEAN S.D. SKEW KURT MIN MAX N

S 10.49 5.02 0.52 2.67 0.80 27.20 6913

U 0.87 8.37 -0.36 2.97 -25.70 24.30 6913

V 3.20 7.36 -0.32 3.03 -22.50 25.70 6913

T 2.30 0.07 -0.38 3.20 2.03 2.50 8273

P 688.28 10.40 3.17 15.45 679.40 764.90 6188

1383 m

S 6.48 3.29 0.84 3.89 0.70 22.30 8565

U 0.62 5.29 -0.38 3.43 -22.30 19.20 8565

V 2.15 4.46 -0.34 3.22 -14.20 18.10 8565

T 1.97 0.06 -0.58 3.31 1.72 2.13 8565

P 1390.26 7.73 3.77 20.64 1383.40 1455.80 8565

2685 m

S 4.82 2.75 0.74 3.66 0.80 18.00 8569

U -0.46 4.28 -0.27 3.18 -17.20 15.60 8569

V 0.94 3.37 -0.11 3.44 -13.60 13.70 8569

T 1.09 0.06 -0.20 2.27 0.90 1.27 8569

P 2698.65 2.74 3.95 23.75 2694.50 2724.00 8569

Speed, u, and v are given in cm/sec; temperature in degrees centigrade; pressurein decibars; and conductivity in mmhr/cm.

685 M AT STN MS-I. 157.1 DAYS STARTING 1421 29 JAN 79.

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500 m 1239/121200 m 1537/162500 m 3480/6

Instrument 1239 recorded speed, direction, temperature, and pressureonce per hour until the instrument was recovered.


Instrument 3480 recorded speed, direction, and temperature once perhour until the instrument was recovered.

46

MS-2

800 m


S 10.14 4.98 0.51 2.99 0.70 32.10 8555

U 0.19 6.92 -0.14 2.73 -26.50 22.20 8555

V 5.72 6.84 -0.31 3.65 -20.60 30.30 8555

T 2.21 0.07 -0.23 2.99 1.97 2.39 8555

P 803.93 6.09 2.80 14.30 798.80 852.90 8555

1485 m

S 5.57 3.39 0.50 2.80 0.80 18.40 8557

U -0.75 3.81 -0.04 3.44 -16.60 13.90 8557

V 3.51 3.89 -0.05 4.22 -17.10 17.80 8557

T 1.84 0.07 -0.00 2.51 1.66 2.04 8557

P 1493.37 4.36 3.15 16.17 1488.60 1528.10 8557

2785 m

S 4.74 2.55 0.75 4.04 0.80 18.70 8556

U -1.08 3.39 0.24 3.25 -17.10 11.10 8556

V 2.11 3.45 0.16 3.66 -9.90 18.60 8556

T 0.93 0.07 0.20 2.26 0.76 1.12 8556


47

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77

MS-3


Instrumentation


500 m 1964/141200 m 1530/2500 m 1242/


Instruments 1530 and 1242 were not recovered.

78

MS-3

645 m


S 11.91 6.15 0.43 2.55 0.70 32.80 8615

U 6.88 7.18 0.02 3.22 -20.80 32.00 8615

V 3.19 8.40 0.22 2.95 -24.40 32.10 8616

T 2.33 0.08 0.13 3.62 2.04 2.63 8615

P 648.08 13.81 2.63 11.43 637.60 739.00 8615


T 1200

800

400

-400

-400

4

400\ 800 1 1200 1600 2000 2400

645 M AT STN M3-3. 358.9 DAYS STARTING 0713 29 JAN 79.

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91

MS-4


Instrumentation


500 m 1538/111200 m 503/462500 m 3123/11

Instrument 1538 recorded speed, direction, temperature, and pressureonce per hour. Processed speed, U, and V have been set to zero from0819 6 JUN '79 to 1919 14 OCT '79 due to a rotor counter malfunction.Pressure went off scale (1023) as soon as the mooring was installedand remained so until recovery. The nominal depth of 500 meters wasused for labeling listings and plots. The actual depth as determinedfrom hydro data was about 1072 meters.

Instrument 503 failed.

Instrument 3123 recorded speed, direction, and temperature once perhour until the instrument was recovered. The nominal depth of 2500meters was used for labeling listings and plots. The actual depthas determined by temperature comparison with hydro data was about2975 meters.

92

MS-4

MEAN S.D. SKEW

500 m

KURT MIN MAX N

S 7.06 4.52 0.77 3.91 0.80 29.90 5399

U 2.10 5.35 0.26 3.59 -20.70 23.10 5399

V 3.60 4.93 0.37 3.55 -12.20 27.80 5399

T 1.96 0.08 0.29 2.41 1.77 2.19 8603

2500 m

S 5.19 2.85 0.65 3.39 0.80 19.00 8603

U 0.49 2.69 -0.04 3.18 -9.30 11.10 8603

V 3.44 3.96 -0.18 3.35 -13.90 18.20 8603

T 0.72 0.05 0.34 2.99 0.58 0.91 8603


T 300

200

100

-100 1-/00/00 200 300 400 500 600


94

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-160 -80

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500 M AT STN MS-4. 96.6 DAYS STARTING 2019 17 OCT 79.

95

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MS - 5

111

112

u RADIO BUOY

25m

25m

TEMPERATURE PRESSURENo. 43 at 200m

252m

25m

CURRENT METERNo.755 at 500m

651m

CURRENT METERNo. 1536 at 1200m

1210 m

MAPPING / STATISTICS (MS) 5

58041.5 1

S65° 46.8'W

a

H CURRENT METERNo. 501 at 2500m

800moINSTALLED 28 JANUARY 1979

0

CURRENT METERNo. 463

400 mDIGITAL ACOUSTIC RELEASENo. 802664_3780m,

113

MS-5

Position: 58°41.5S, 65°46.8'WDepth of Water: 3780 mSet at 0628 UCT 28 January "79 by R/V MELVILLERetrieved at 0913 UCT 20 February '80 by R/V ATLANTIS IIData Interval: 0804 UCT 28 January '79 to 0838 UCT 20 February '80

Instrumentation


500 m 755/311200 m 1536/132500 m 501/48



Instrument 501 recorded speed, direction, temperature, and pressureonce per hour until the instrument was recovered. The pressure sensorfailed in two sections of this record: 1014 28 JAN '79 to 2014 4 FEB'79 and 0414 23FEB '79 to 1014 24'FEB '79.

114

MS-5

752 m


S 13.48 7.19 0.27 2.37 0.70 34.80 9312

U 7.23 8.96 -0.00 2.53 -23.50 31.30 9312

V 0.58 10.02 -0.16 2.94 -32.70 30.80 9312

T 2.40 0.18 0.82 2.93 2.09 2.98 9312

P 755.74 35.99 1.96 7.38 725.70 962.60 9312

1460 m

S 8.37 4.18 0.62 3.31 0.80 26.80 9313

U 5.27 5.57 -0.03 3.04 -16.40 26.80 9313

V -1.02 5.25 -0.05 3.20 -24.70 17.30 9313

T 2.01 0.13 0.12 2.08 1.70 2.30 9313

P 1468.02 31.57 2.01 7.78 1442.00 1655.10 9313

2752 m

S 11.90 6.72 0.45 2.63 0.70 37.70 9311

U 6.68 5.78 0.18 2.77 -16.50 28.40 9311

V -8.36 .6.22 -0.44 2.83 -30.00 8.30 9311

T 1.10 0.15 0.53 2.43 0.79 1.59 9311

P 2766.47 17.20 1.62 5.27 2750.60 2856.30 9829


752 M AT $TN M8-5. 388 DAYS STARTING 928 28 JAN 79.

t 350

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MS - 6

145

146

RADIO BUOY

25m

TEMPERATURE PRESSURENo. 47 at 200m

252m

825m

11TECURRENT METERNo. 1531 at 500m

651 m

CURRENT METERNo.1540 at* 1200m

1210m


300M

ACOUSTIC RELEASELJ No. 319

2850m

MAPPING / STATISTICS (MS) 6590 10.7' S650 15.0'WINSTALLED: 28 JANUARY 1979

011

25m

147

MS-6

Position: 59°10.7S, 65°15.0'WDepth of Water: 2850 mSet at 1230 UCT 28 January '79 by R/V MELVILLERetrieved at 1704 UCT 28 January '80 by R/V ATLANTIS IIData Interval: 1428 UCT 28 January '79 to 1828 UCT 24 January '80

Instrumentation


500 m 1531/101200 m 1540/152500 m 3481/6

Instrument 1531 recorded speed, direction, temperature, and pressureonce per hour until the instrument was recovered. Large parts of thepressure record are suspicious due to small rapid oscillations of thebit count. Only the worst errors were corrected before filtering.



148

MS-6

814 m


S 13.60 6.23 0.28 2.61 0.80 34.30 8667

U 7.86 6.68 0.26 3.29 -21.70 31.00 8667

V 7.64 7.69 -0.27 2.66 -18.00 29.50 8667

T 2.26 0.13 -0.26 2.41 1.93 2.56 8667

P 818.45 22.77 2.23 8.58 799.60 965.20 8667

1409 m

S 9.38 4.47 0.54 3.21 0.80 30.10 8669

U 4.85 5.33 0.18 3.29 -18.50 25.80 8669

V 4.72 5.81 -0.25 3.24 -17.90 29.90 8669

T 1.91 0.16 -0.50 2.34 1.47 2.19 8669

P 1416.21 18.49 2.11 7.97 1397.80 1531.90 8669

2709 m

S 6.30 3.41 0.53 3.11 0.80 21.20 8666

U 1.49 3.96 -0.09 3.12 -12.50 17.90 8666

V 3.08 4.89 -0.20 3.05 -17.60 19.40 8666

T 0.99 0.16 0.03 2.23 0.67 1.38 8666


149

-450 450 900 1350 1800 2250 2700

814 M PT SIN MS-6. 361.1 DAYS STARTING 1514 28 JRN 79.

150

T 1500

1200

900

600

300

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MS-7

177

178

A[RADIO BUOY

25m00

T

TEMPERATURE PRESSURENo.22 at 200m

252m08

25m

PTOCURRENT METERNo.1542 at 500 m

651 m

CURRENT. METERNo. 2276 at 1200m

1210M


1075 m

ACOUSTIC RELEASENo. 4311

3630m

MAPPING / STATISTICS (MS) 7

590 38.8'S64° 40.5' WINSTALLED- 28 JANUARY 1979

011

179

MS-7

Position: 59°38.8S, 64°40.5WDepth of Water: 3630 mSet at 1740 UCT 28 January '79 by R/V MELVILLERetrieved at 0722 UCT 24 January '80 by R/V ATLANTIS IIData Interval: 1937 UCT 28 January '79 to 1004 UCT 24 January '80

Instrumentation


500 m 1542/111200 m 2276/112500 m 3125/13

Instrument 1542 recorded speed, direction, temperature, and pressureonce per hour unti i the instrument was recovered.

Instrument 2276 recorded speed, direction, temperature, pressureand conductivity once per hour until the instrument was recovered.A portion of the speed record (1104 UCT 16 APR to 0704 UCT 25 APR '79)was bridged due to instrument malfunction.

Instrument 3125 recorded speed, direction, and temperature once perhour until 2337 UCT 5 November '79.

180

MS-7

540 m


S 14.43 7.42 0.42 2.35 0.80 38.90 8653

U 7.59 8.51 0.25 2.73 -21.60 35.80 8563

V 9.48 6.58 0.08 3.01 -12.70 31.90 8653

T 2.12 0.12 0.88 2.80 1.81 2.45 8653

P 543.09 38.08 1.64 5.40 511.00 738.90 8653

1224 m

S 9.21 4.67 0.41 2.54 0.80 24.40 8655

U 4.86 5.62 -0.03 2.80 -14.90 23.60 8655

V 5.83 4.17 0.37 3.22 -6.40 21.70 8655

T 1.77 0.13 0.65 2.31 1.52 2.13 8655

P 1230.14 31.76 1.77 5.78 1205.90 13.92.90 8655

C 31.01 0.11 0.41 1.90 30.82 31.28 8655

2524 m

S 5.21 3.77 0.65 2.86 0.80 20.40 6749

U 3.38 .4.09 0.37 3.13 -11.00 18.20 6749

V 2.17 2.92 0.18 4.28 -10.10 15.40 6749

T 0.90 0.11 0.22 2.16 0.55 1.16 6749


181

T 3150

2700

-450

1-450

450 900 1350 1800 2250 2700


182

T2100

-300

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300 600 900 1200


1500 1800

T 700

y -175

2524 M AT STN M3-7. 281.2 DAYS STARTING 1937 28 JAN 79.

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APPENDIX

211

212

The depths of the instruments that were used in

previous FDRAKE experiments were assigned in two ways.

the earlier experiments none of the meters were equipped

with pressure sensors, and the depth was assigned. using the

best estimate of the bottom depth and the mooring component

lengths. In later experiments the addition of pressure

sensors to some of the meters allowed the depths to be based

on pressure data. At no time in the series of experiments,

including DRAKE 79 were all of the meters equipped with

pressure sensors.

In the present report almost all of the instrument

depths are based either directly or indirectly on pressure

data. Some of the current meters contained on-board

pressure sensors which allowed direct estimation of

instrument depth. The depths of other meters were estimated

by extrapolating upward or downward from pressure sensors

elsewhere on the mooring. The depths given here are average

depths obtained by averaging over the record length, and

reflect depth variations caused by mooring blow-over.

Depth was calculated from pressure using the formula:

z(m) = 0.99481 p (decibars)

which assumes an ocean of constant density equal to 1.025 g

cm3. It has been pointed out that this shallow-water

formula overestimates depth in the deep ocean. A better

estimate is given by using a formula obtained from Professor

213

J. L. Reid at Scripps (T. Whitworth, personal

communication):

z(m) = (0.992446)P - (2.28717x10-6)P2 + (2.08213x10-11)P3

It is based on a world ocean average density profile.

Investigators at Texas A & M noted discrepancies between the

depths calculated with our simple formula and those obtained

from T/P recorders on the same moorings. The following

table summarizes the findings of TAMU (W. D. Nowlin, Jr. and

T. Whitworth, III, personal communication) and is our best

estimate of the actual meter depths. These depths are

calculated using Reid's formula. Employing actual density

data obtained in the Drake Passage rather than Reid's

formula makes a meter or two change from these depths.

214

Mooring Instrument Design Pressure Depth Differencedepth minimum minimum meters

meters decihars meters----------------------------------------------------------------------ML-8 T/P 200 245 243

CM 500 550 545

ML-9 T/P 200 327 324CM 500 598 592CM 2500 2678 2641

GEODYNE 3200ANCHOR 3665

ML-10 T/P 200 187 186CM 500 478 474CM 2500 2574 2540

ANCHOR 3700

ML-11 T/P 200 323 320CM 2500 2635 2600

ANCHOR 3780

ST T/P 200 389 386CM 500 688 682

T/P 800 987 977CM 1200 1403 1388

T/P 1600 1807 1786T/P 2000CM 2500 2714 2677

ANCHOR 3070

SS-1000 T/P 200 203 201CM 500 508 504

ANCHOR 995

MS-1 T/P 200 375 372CM 500 685 679CM 1200 1386 1371CM 2500 2697 2660

ANCHOR 3610

MS-2 T/P 200 498 494CM 500 798 791CM 1200 1489 1371CM 2500 2697 2660

ANCHOR 3000

MS-3 T/P 200 329 326CM 500 638 632

ANCHOR 3450

4345

12492

141

-14-2640

120100

186182177188186

177

172179171160

294291171160

126132

4

215

Mooring Instrument Design Pressure Depth Differencedepth minimum minimum metersmeters decibars meters----------------------------------------------------------------------

MS-5 T/P 200 423 419 219CM 500 727 720 220CM 1200 1444 1428 228CM 2500 2750 2712 212

GEODYNE 3300ANCHOR 3780

MS-6 T/P 200 408 405 205CM 500 801 793 293CM 1200 1401 1386 186CM 2500

ANCHOR 2580

MS-7 T/P 200 205 203 3

CM 500 513 509 9CM 1200 1206 1194 -6CM 2500

ANCHOR 3630

Mooring Instrument Design Pressure Depth Differencedepth minimum minimum metersmeters decibars meters----------------------------------------------------------------------

NS500 T/P 200 197 195 -5CM 500 532 527 27

ANCHOR 578

NS1000 T/P 200 223 221 21T/P 350 370 366 16

CM 500 527 522 22ANCHOR 1000

NT T/P 200 261 259 59CM 500 597 591 91CM 800 910 901 100

T/P 900 997 987 87CM 1200 1328 1313 113CM 1500 1635 1616 116

T/P 1750 1885 1862 112T/P 2000

CM 2500 2641 2605 105ANCHOR ?

ML-1 T/P 200 184 183 -17CM 500CM 2500 2557 2523 23

ANCHOR 3830

ML-2 T/P 200 278 275 75CM 500 571 565 65CM 2500 2568 2534 34

ANCHOR 3680

ML-5 T/P 200 303 300 100CM 500 613 607 107CM 1200 1323 1309 109

ANCHOR 3630

ML-6 T/P 200 327 324 124CM 500 625 619 119CM 1200 1338 1324 124CM 2500 2664 2628 128

ANCHOR 3835

ML-7 T/P 200 194 192 -8CM 500 507 503 3CM 1200 1234 1221 21CM 2500 2577 2542 42

ANCHOR 3815

School OCEANOGRAPHY

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