School disaster management and contingency planning

School Disaster Management and Contingency Planning

AboutManish Kumar Mondal IX-BKV Sector – 31D 9th BChandigarh

2

Disasters in the Philippines and their Adverse Effects

I. Comprehensive School Safety (Framework)II. School Disaster Management Planning Roles and

Responsibilities1. Leadership and Coordination2. Representation3. Involvement of Students, Parents and Community4. Steps, Activities, Guidance and Forms

III. School Disaster Management Plan STEP 1. Know Your DangersSTEP 2. Reduce Your DangersSTEP 3. Prepare to RespondSTEP 4. Plan for Educational ContinuitySTEP 5. Monitor, Share, and Reach-Out STEP 6. Implement your Plan, and be Flexible

SDMP : CONTENT

COMPREHENSIVE SCHOOL SAFETY

#1. To protection children's right to safety and survival, and

#2. To protect children's right to educational continuity.

In the process we will also be safeguarding educational investments and strengthening disaster resilience everywhere, through education.

The goals of DRR in the education sector

COMPREHENSIVE SCHOOL SAFETY

II. SDMP: Roles and Responsibilities1. Leadership and coordinationSchool safety is the job of the entire school community. However, school disaster and emergency management requires leadership and coordination by school administration, and involvement of teachers, staff, students, parents and neighbors. The committee responsible for school disaster and emergency management is responsible for leading in the following five steps before a disaster, and one step during and after a disaster:

STEP 1. Know Your DangersSTEP 2. Reduce Your DangersSTEP 3. Prepare to RespondSTEP 4. Plan for Educational ContinuitySTEP 5. Monitor, Share, and Reach-out STEP 6. Implement your Plan, and be Flexible

It also develops, adapts, implements, and updates the school disaster management plan annually. It encourages personal and organizational preparedness, guides mitigation work, assures two fire and building evacuation drills annually, and leads one full simulation drill annually, evaluates the results, and adjusts the plan accordingly. Ideally the committee is empowered by and maintains formal links between school and disaster management authorities.

II. SDMP: Roles and Responsibilities

2. RepresentationIf your school already has a school-based management committee, school improvement committee, or educational development committee , then the roles and responsibilities for school disaster and emergency management should be included through a regular part of the agenda, some special meetings, or a sub-committee. To do this well, you need be sure that the following are represented in the process: administration, faculty, staff, students, parents, and local disaster management committee representative. Be sure to also consult with students with disabilities and their parents, with minority language groups, and with both girls and boys, so that all of their needs are considered. During the actual response or immediate recovery, external representation will also be critical. This includes representation in Local DRRMO meetings, education cluster meetings and inter-cluster meetings.


3. Involve Students, Parents and CommunityBe sure to involve students in your planning. Please see the accompanying "SCHOOL DISASTER MANAGEMENT: ACTIVITIES FOR CHILD/YOUTH PARTICIPATION" for activities related to each step of your planning, that can be adapted for different age groups and abilities. Students will have many creative ideas and solutions to problems, and can become mentors to younger and new students.

Be sure to also involve parents. You will need their help in order to succeed. Link and coordinate your school disaster management plan with others in the community, who also care about school safety and educational continuity.


4. Steps, Activities, Guidance and Forms •The committee should annually conduct the following activities and complete the following forms. One way to organize this is to cover one major step per month. Related activities for student and family participation are provided in the SCHOOL DISASTER MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES FOR CHILD/YOUTH PARTICIPATION.

The Role of the DRRM Focal Person National DRRMORegionalDivisionSchool

School Disaster Management and Contingency Plan

School Disaster Management and Contingency PlanA comprehensive plan of action that SDRRMG members will develop together to demonstrate how your school will prepare for and respond to disasters

What is the purpose of establishing an SDRRMG or Committee?Provide a coordinated and effective response to disaster and emergency situationsProtect and preserve the health, safety and well-being of pupils, teachersEnsure that all school members know what to do in the event of an emergency or disasterPut prevention and preparedness systems in place at the school level to minimize the damaging effects of disasters

Step 1: Organizing the SDRRMG....School Disaster Risk Reduction and Management GroupFunctions of SDRRMG SDRRMG is responsible for creating and enforcing the School Disaster Management Plan (SDMP) Constantly monitor, evaluate and assess the safety and security issues at the school and the hazards, risks and vulnerabilities affecting student and teachers.

What would be the Composition of the SDRRMG?

Describe what is in the picture .. Who is Responsible for activity…

Picture No. 1

Picture Number 2

Picture Number 3

Picture Number 4

Picture Number 5

Picture 6

Evacuate Now!Prepare for possible evacuation!Be on Alert!

Picture Number 7

Picture number 8

SDRRMG Structure.. Which one is applicable to your setting…?

Chairperson

Vice Chairperson

Transportation Security Supply Communication

Early Warning

First Aid

Search & Rescue

Fire Mgt

Evacuation and Camp Management

Relief

Damage Control

MDRRMCBDRRMC

Step 2. Hazard, Vulnerability and Capacity AssessmentKNOW YOUR DANGERS Assess your risks, hazards,

vulnerabilities and capacities; Plan for risk reduction,

response and educational continuity;

Learn and spread key messages for disaster risk reduction;

Learn standard operating procedures and practice with school drills.

Involve and communicate with your community.

EarthquakeFloodFireWinter Storms / Extreme ColdHurricane/Cyclone/TyphoonGlacial Lake Outburst FloodTornadoHail StormLighteningHeat WaveDroughtPandemic (eg. HIV/AIDS, Flu)AvalancheHazardous Materials Release

Landslide Debris FlowVolcanoAir pollutionWater pollutionLand contaminationTransportation Accident (eg train, ship, highway)Water shortagePower shortageFood shortagePest infestation

Playground AccidentWorkshop or Laboratory

AccidentStudent Road AccidentStudent Illness /

EpidemicFood PoisoningStudent FightStudent with WeaponStudent Suicide or

attemptCivil UnrestTerrorismUnexploded ordinanceOther (specify)

Hazards to consider:

Has two parts:

• base map, which is drawn on your illustration board or cartolina

• hazard overlays, which are drawn on clear plastic sheets

HAZARD IDENTIFICATION AND MAPPING


Sheet 1 Flooding

Sheet 2 Typhoons

Sheet 3 Earthquakes

Sheet 4 Dry Spells

Sheet 5 Fire

Sample..

Fig. 6. Sample of a base map

Fig. 7. Sample of hazard overlays

Hazard Identification and Mapping….

How to make the map?1.Sketch school & community in bond paper then transfer to an illustration board or cartolina2.Use symbols to represent buildings, river, houses, etc


Legend for base map symbols

Nipa hutConcrete house Chapel Brgy.

hall

Road trails

River, creek

School boundary


Severe flood

Mudslide, flashflood

Volcanic hazards

Tsunami

EarthquakeFire

Legend: Overlay map


Using the hazard map, residents of Ilawod, Guinobatan, show their fellow residents which areas of their community are particularly vulnerable to flooding.


Children from Gorong-gorong, Nabua, use colored markers to draw symbols of typhoons, fire and earthquake on their hazard overlay sheets.

Residents of Barangay Poblacion, Guinobatan, use their hazard map to demonstrate the safest evacuation route to follow in the event of a typhoon.

b. Identification of Vulnerabilities and Assessment of Capacities

Hazard Vulnerabilities Capacity Risk Assessment

PupilsTeachersBuildings and classroomSchool properties

OrganizationalPolicies

HighLow

Contingency Plan: a document that sets out an organized, planned and coordinated course of action to be followed in case of an emergency or disaster

Consists of:

1.Early Warning Plan: provides for an effective way of alerting school community to an

impending hazard- includes a universal signal- Simple to understand, routinely practiced, consistent

Step 3. Contingency Planning

Sample early warning plan for flood Level Criteria Interpretation Warning signal Required action

0 No flood Classes ongoing None Conduct classroom instruction as usual.

1 Floodwaters clogging and overflowing school drainage ditches

Alert 5 rapid whistle blows

Move all school records, lesson plans and materials to an elevated shelf.

2 Floodwaters beginning to enter classrooms

Prepare to evacuate

10 rapid whistle blows

Shut down all power sources. Move pupils to an elevated place.

3 Floodwaters reaching one foot high from the floor

Campus completely evacuated

15 rapid whistle blows

Evacuate to a safe location outside the campus. Bring priority items along.

Level Criteria Interpretation Early Warning Signals

Required Actions

0 No Fire Classes ongoing

None Conduct classroom instruction as usual

1 Smoke and burning smell

Alert 5 rapid bell chimes

Activate the warning and fire management committees. Shut down power sources

2 Visible fire and more smoke

Evacuation underway

10 rapid bell chimes

Evacuate to safe holding areas. Bring priority items along

3 Raging fire Campus completely evacuated

15 rapid bell chimes

holding areas until danger has passed

Early warning plan for fire

2. Communication Plan Identifies the flow of information (in this case, warning advisories) from a transmitter (a person who provides warning information) to a receiver who receives reports on behalf of a school or an organization

Sample Communication Plan

•

Communication Plan for a “Disaster-Prepared Elementary School”

PupilsPupilsPupilsPupilsPupilsPupils

Grade I Teachers

Grade II Teachers

Grade VI Teachers

Grade V Teachers

Grade III Teachers

Grade IV Teachers

Grade III Chair

Grade IChair

Grade II Chair

Grade IV Chair

Grade V Chair

Grade VI Chair

Elementary School Principal _________________________

Designated Receiver Public Schools District Supervisor

Name ________________________ Phone _________________

Fig. 12. A sample communication plan for weather and volcanic hazards

3. Evacuation Plan • Lists the total population per grade level, along with the number of teaching and non-teaching personnel, as well as indicates how many people can be accommodated in the safe holding areas

• Identifies safe holding areas for pupils and teachers if the classrooms are no longer safe.

Sample Evacuation Plan

Grade

level

No. of Population to evacuate Safe holding areas

Population not accommodated

Alternative areas RemarksPupil

sStaff Location Capaci

ty

I Total number for

grades 1 and

II

Along the road

beside the school fence

If the whole school is affected: Send home pupils who live nearby.Evacuate the others to the basketball court.

II

Grade II, section 2, will evacuate to the area behind Gabaldon Bldg.

III

Total numbe

r for grade

3IV Total

number for

grades 4,5,6

VVI

Contingency Planning

An evacuation map shows the routes to take from the classroom to the safe holding area

4. Evacuation Map

Sample Evacuation Map

.

Evacuation map for fire and earthquake of Camalig South Central School

To Camalig Centro

Gymnasium

Industrial Arts

Building

Safe holding area

GR I GR I GR IV KinderGR IVGR IV

AV RM Math

LRC

GR VI

Prop Room

ESP Office

Grade VIGrade VIALS Office

ClinicPSDS Office

Safe holding area

Home Economics

Building

Science

Room

Safe holding area

Safe holding areaGR II

GR II

GR II GR III GR III

GR III

GR V GR V

PILLAR 1. SAFE LEARNING FACILITIES

1. Safe Learning Facilities: involves education authorities, architects, engineers, builders and school community members in safe site selection, design, construction and maintenance (including safe and continuous access to the facility).

Safe School Checklist

Select safe school sites and implement disaster-resilient design and construction to make every new school a safe school.

Implement prioritization schema for retrofit and replacement (including relocation) of unsafe schools.

Minimize building and facilities non-structural and infrastructural risks from all sources, including design as well as interior layout and furnishings safe for survival and evacuation.

Incorporate access and safety for people with disabilities in design and construction of school facilities.

If schools are planned as temporary community shelters, design them to meet these needs. And be sure to plan for suitable alternate facilities for educational continuity.


Ensure that children’s access to schools is free from physical risks (pedestrian paths, road and river crossings)

Water and sanitation facilities adapted to potential risks (rain-fed and lined latrines)

Implement climate-smart interventions such as rainwater harvesting, solar panels, renewable energy, school gardens

Plan for continuous monitoring, financing and oversight for ongoing facilities maintenance and safety.


Pillar 3. Risk Reduction and Resilience Education

Develop consensus-based key messages for reducing household and community vulnerabilities, and for preparing for and responding to hazard impacts as a foundation for formal and non-formal education.

Engage students in real-life school and community disaster management activities, including school drills for fire (and other hazards, where applicable).

Develop scope and sequence for teaching about critical thinking for expected and unexpected, man-made and natural hazards, climate change impacts, conflict-prevention and problem-solving for risk reduction.

Pillar 3. Risk Reduction and Resilience Education

Develop quality teaching and learning materials for students and teachers. Address all dimensions of climate-smart DRR education: disaster mechanisms, key messages for safety and preparedness, understanding risk drivers and mitigating the consequences of disasters, building community risk reduction capacity and a culture of safety and resilience.

Infuse risk reduction throughout the curriculum and provide guidelines for integration of DRR into carrier subjects.

Provide teacher training for both teachers and teacher trainees on risk reduction curriculum materials and methodologies.

Develop strategies to scale-up teacher involvement for effective integration of these topics into formal curriculum as well as non-formal and extra-curricular approaches with local communities.

SCHOOL DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLANI Introduction

A. Purpose of the Plan: Brief summary of the hazards affecting your school and the level of risk towards each hazard. You will also mention the key vulnerabilities and capacities your school possesses. Then, in one short paragraph, state your purpose (or reason) for creating this School Disaster Management Plan.B. B. DepEd’s Internal Policies on Disaster Preparedness and Response: Here you will state the general disaster preparedness policies and guidance of DepEd. You will also list the guidelines for suspension of classes during typhoons, earthquakes, fire and other hazards. C. Composition of Disaster Preparedness and Response Point Persons: Here you will present the structure and membership of your SDRRMG. List positions and names of individuals who will fill them. Responsibilities of each position should be added as annex

Crafting the School Disaster Management Plan (SDMP).

Crafting the School Disaster Management Plan (SDMP)

D. Distribution Copies: list the names of individuals and organizations who will receive copies of your School Disaster Management Plan.

These may include DepEd representatives from the district and division level, members of your SDRRMG, representatives from the PTCA, local BDRRMC and MDRRMO, and any non-governmental organization you may be collaborating with.

II. CONTEXT ANALYSIS

A. Disaster Risk Situation This one of the most important components of the SDMP. In this section, you will present your Risk Assessment Matrix and Context Analysis Summary and Vulnerability and Capacity Assessment. This section should convey the overall picture of disaster risk at your school (needs to be updated yearly)

B. Mission of School and DepEd: Here you will list the mission of the Department of Education for your division level, the mission of your school, and the vision statement (if applicable) that your SDRRMG members have created for disaster risk reduction at your school

Creating a School Disaster Management Plan (SDMP)

C. DepEd’s Mandate and Role in Disaster Management: In this section, you will list the pertinent highlights of DepEd Order 55, s. 2007 (available on your resource CD). You should include the structural and nonstructural components that have been implemented or will be implemented at your school in the coming year. You should also list the duties and responsibilities for principals/school heads, head teachers and classroom teachers.

D. School Staff Complement: List the names of all teaching and non-teaching school personnel, their assigned grade levels and designations.

E. Stakeholder’s Capacity Assessment: Stakeholders are those groups and individuals who have an important role to play in disaster risk reduction efforts at your school. These may be DepEd personnel at the district and division level; the PTCA and School Governing Council; members of the Local Government Units at the barangay, municipal and provincial levels; and any nongovernmental organizations providing technical or material support to your school, such as Save the Children, the Philippine Red Cross, or local nonprofit and business groups. Under each stakeholder’s name, list their contributions towards disaster risk reduction activities at your school. What resources or services do they provide? What actions will they undertake?

Creating a School Disaster Management Plan (SDMP)

III. SCHOOL DEVELOPMENT PLAN FRAMEWORK

A. Development Plan Framework: This framework provides a visual representation of what actions will be undertaken by various key players and the expected outcomes of these

interventions. Parent-Teacher

Community Association

Safety of all

PUPILS and

TEACHERS

Plan for the

Safety of the

Populace to any

Disaster

Proposed Training/Dril

ls to all School

Populace on DRRDRR

integrated in

curriculum

Disaster resistant school building

Improvement of water and Electrical favilities

PTA Officials

Teachers

B.E.R.T.

SchoolDisaster

RiskReductionManagem

entGroup

SGCSchool Governing

Council

Crafting a School Disaster Management Plan (SDMP)

B. Disaster Management Action Plan: This is another extremely important component of the SDMP. It states what specific actions stakeholders will take to implement DRR messages, measures and actions in the school. It specifies the activity to be accomplished, when it will occur, who is responsible, what materials will be needed, and how it will be funded. (see matrix in session 2)

IV. CONTINGENCY PLANS :Document that sets out an organized, planned and coordinated course of action to be followed in case of an emergency or disaster. The plan should specify what needs to be done, who is responsible for doing it, when it should be done.

A. Early Warning Plans: It is essential to have a uniform early warning system for fire and flood at your school. Just as PAGASA issues alert warnings for oncoming storms, your school needs to have its own warning system in place for potential threats. The warning system should include a specific signal (bells or whistle) for each warning level – from alert, to ready stage, to evacuate. All pupils and staff need to be fully aware of the signals so they can properly respond to an emergency.

Summary of SDMP

Hazard Vulnerabilities Preparedness Plan

Prevention and Mitigation Plan

Response Plan

Rehabilitation and Recovery

Plan

Flood Learners

Teachers

Buildings/Classroom

School Properties and equipment

School Disaster Management Plan

1. School Disaster Risk Reduction Management Group structure

2. Hazard Vulnerability Capacity Assessment3. Hazard/Risk Map4. Contingency plan

a. Early warning plan (per hazard)b. Communication planc. Evacuation Pland. Evacuation Map

5. Children’s DRR Brigade

Daghang Salamat!

School disaster management and contingency planning

Education

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