SCHOLASTICISM!!!!!
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Transcript of SCHOLASTICISM!!!!!
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SCHOLASTICISM!!!!!
By Molly Cain
AP EURO!
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So what is scholasticism??
• Let’s check answers.com……•The dominant western Christian theological and philosophical school of the Middle Ages, based on the authority of the Latin Fathers and of Aristotle and his commentators.
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Origins• Came from obscure beginnings
• Found a home in medieval universities• Oxford• Paris• Cologne
• St. Anslem, first Scholar• “Faith seeks understanding”
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High Period…
• 13th and 14th centuries
• Schools of translation
• William of Moerbeke's translations and editions of Greek philosophical texts
• Universities developed in this period
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A bit more on universities…
• The major ones: University of Oxford, est. 1167; University of Cambridge, est. 1209
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Drama in the Catholic Church?!?• Rival clerical orders within the church began to battle
for political and intellectual control of the universities• …….
–Franciscans
–Dominicans
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Franciscans
• Founded by Francis of Assisi in 1209
• Following Anselm, their leader Bonaventure supposed that reason can only discover truth when philosophy is illuminated by religious faith
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Dominicans
• Founded by St. Dominic in 1215
• Mission to propagate and defend Christian doctrine
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Thomism• Philosophical
school during scholastic period
• Founded by St. Thomas Aquinas
• Follower of Aristotle• Thomism revitalized
12th century scholasticism for the 13th century
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Second Scholasticism • Revival of scholastic system of philosophy
in the 16th century
• Reaction to the Protestant Reformation
• Helped by the founding of Society of Jesus, the Jesuits, in 1540 by Ignatius Loyola
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Neo-scholasticism
• Defined as the revival and development from the second half of the 19th century of medieval scholastic philosophy
• Also called neo-Thomism
• Sought to restore fundamental doctrines of 13th century scholasticism
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Scholasticism in the States
• The University of Notre Dame, founded in 1842 by Rev. Edward F. Sorin
• Georgetown University founded in 1773
• Catholic University of America founded in 1887
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A quick sidenote….
•Cornell University!Freedom of religion in the Ivy League!
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Impact
• The method of scholasticism sought to understand the fundamental aspects of theology, philosophy, and law.
• Scholasticism founded a method of learning based on reasoning and making inferences
• Eventually the scholastic method was applied to many fields of study
• Harmonized medieval Christian figures
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More impact….
• Increased importance of education
• Peter Abelard (1079 – April 21, 1142)
• Advocated peaceful cooperation of science and religion: Albertus Magnus
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Impact on Modern European History
• Oxford tops many global university rankings
• Scholastic method still used in universities and schools all over
• Importance of philosophy and reason in modern education
• Scholastics focus on supporting Roman Catholic doctrines through secular study, reason, and logic
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Scholasticism, summed up
“How are we to reconcile reason with
revelation, science with faith, philosophy
with theology?”
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GO CATHOLICS!