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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Scenarios for Development of BioDME
Supplies
Scenarios for Development of BioDME
Supplies
Ingvar Landälv, Chief Technology Officer, Chemrec AB
Stockholm, September 7- 8, 2010
Stockholm, September 7- 8, 2010
DME 4
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Content
• BioDME from Pulp Mills via Black Liquor Gasification
• BioDME from Biomass through gasification• Supply and Demand Balance for a DME fuel system
- Flexibility for BioDME producers- Guarantee DME availability in the fuel system- Flexibility for fossil DME producers
• Conclusions
2
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Content
• BioDME from Pulp Mills via Black Liquor Gasification
• BioDME from Biomass through gasification• Supply and Demand Balance for a DME fuel system
- Flexibility for BioDME producers- Guarantee DME availability in the fuel system- Flexibility for fossil DME producers
• Conclusions
3
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed9/13/2010 4
The Route via Gasification and Syngas to Automotive Fuels
SyngasSyngas(CO+H2)(CO+H2)
Natural GasNatural Gas
CoalCoal
BiomassBiomass
SynteticDiesel (FTD)
Methanol
DMEDME (DiMetylEter)(DiMetylEter)
Hydrogen
Black liquorBlack liquor
Heavy oilsHeavy oils
GA
SIFI
CA
TIO
N
CO2
Chemicals
SNG
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed9/13/2010 5
Major Biomass Flow from the Forrest Today
PulpMill
Forest
Saw-mill
WoodProducts
PulpMill
LogsPulp
Wood
RecoveryBoiler
TODAY
Pulp
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed9/13/2010 6
PulpMill
Forest
Saw-mill
WoodProducts
PulpMill
LogsPulp
Wood
RecoveryBoiler
Combined Recoveryand Fuel Generation
Fuel
ForestResidual
TOMORROW (1)
Pulp
Major Biomass Flow from the ForrestWith the BLG* Based Biorefinery Concept
* BLG: Black Liquor Gasification
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
9/13/2010 7
Chemrec Gasification ProcessDP-1 in Piteå, Sweden
FLARE
Raw Syngas
GREENLIQUOR
Black Liquor
GAS COOLER
Oxygen
Atomizing medium
GASIFIER
QUENCH
C.W
BFW
MP- Steam
Weak Wash
CLEANSYNGAS
BFW
SULPHUR ABSORPTION
Condensate
White/Green Liquor
LP-St.
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
The BioDME Block Flow Diagram
9/13/2010 8
MP steam
Aminewash
H2S / CO2 to mill
COshift
Carbonfilter
MeOHSynthesis 1
MeOHSynthesis 2
First single- pass MeOH synthesisfeaturing > 95% yield
Sulphurguard
MeOH(recycled)
DMEProduct
GasesDME
synthesis
Raw MeOH
Water
Evaporator~ 4 tonDME/day
DP-1
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
New BioDME Pilot - CAD Illustration
9
WGS,MeOH/DME,Distillation
Carbonfilter
AmineWash
DP-1plantFlare
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Current project status of Domsjö project
• Domsjö mill sulphite thick liquor gasified successfully in DP-1• 500 MMSEK (~ 50 MM€) investment grant approved by Swedish
Energy Agency (conditioned EU’s DG Competition approval)• Feasibility report complete (May 2010)• Technology for Gas Purification and MeOH/DME Synthesis selected.• Front-end Engineering Design (FEED) scheduled for Q3/10-Q2/11 for
final investment decision in Q3 2011.
&
in collaboration
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
The Energy Combine of ÖrnsköldsvikDomsjö Mill Övik Energy Övik Community
- TODAY -
9/13/2010 11
Cellulose fiberLigno sulfonateEthanol
ÖvikEnergy
ÖrnsköldsvikCommunity
Biomass
Pulp wood
Domsjö
Fiber
Districtheat
Steam Power
DomsjöFabriker
A sodium sulphitebased mill
Recovery boilers
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
The Energy Combine of ÖrnsköldsvikDomsjö Mill Övik Energy Övik Community
- TOMORROW -
9/13/2010 12
Cellulose fiberLigno sulfonate Ethanol300 t/d DME
or450 t/d Methanol
ÖvikEnergy
ÖrnsköldsvikCommunity
Biomass
Pulp wood
Domsjö
Fiber
Districtheat
Steam Power
The sodium sulphitebased mill
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed9/13/2010 13
Airseparation
Power
Oxygen
Rawgas
Synthesis gas
Gascooling
Gasi-fication
and
Quench
Steam
Weak wash
Thick Liquor
LS Green liq.
Gas ConditioningAnd Purification
H2S
Synthesis- and Distillation DME/Methanol
Domsjö Fuels Plant Build Up – Parallel Trains
1 x 100%1 x 100%
1 x 100%
CO2
3 x 50%
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Preparations for industrial scale plants
Chemrec Gasifier Unit Status:• Gasifier, quench and gas cooler
scale-up work complete• Gasifier black liquor nozzle scale-
up work ongoing• Process Design Package work
ongoing together with key suppliers
149/13/2010
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
SteamDrum
FinalCoolers
CCC
Quench
Reactor
Train #1 Train #2 Train #3
PRELIMINARY
Preparations for industrial scale plants
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Location for Potential Pulp Mill Biorefineries in the US
More than 100 suitable pulp mills In North Americawith 200-400 MW of Black Liquor per plant
16
Some 250 suitable pulp mills world wide
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Content
• BioDME from Pulp Mills via Black Liquor Gasification
• BioDME from Biomass through gasification• Supply and Demand Balance for a DME fuel system
- Flexibility for BioDME producers- Guarantee DME availability in the fuel system- Flexibility for fossil DME producers
• Conclusions
17
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed9/13/2010 18
The Route via Gasification and Syngas to Automotive Fuels
SyngasSyngas(CO+H2)(CO+H2)
Natural GasNatural Gas
CoalCoal
BiomassBiomass
SynteticDiesel (FTD)
Methanol
DMEDME (DiMetylEter)(DiMetylEter)
Hydrogen
Black liquorBlack liquor
Heavy oilsHeavy oils
GA
SIFI
CA
TIO
N
CO2
Chemicals
SNG
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed9/13/201019
Major Biomass Flow from the Forrest including Direct Biomass Gasification
PulpMill
Forest
Saw-mill
Pulp
WoodProducts
PulpMill
LogsPulp
Wood
RecoveryBoiler
Combined Recoveryand Fuel Generation
Fuel
ForestResidual
DirectBio-mass conversion
Fuel
TOMORROW (2)
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed9/13/201020
Major Biomass Flow from the Forrest Enlarged Feedstock Base
PulpMill
Forest
Saw-mill
Pulp
WoodProducts
PulpMill
LogsPulp
Wood
RecoveryBoiler
Combined Recoveryand Fuel Generation
Fuel
ForestResidual
DirectBio-mass conversion
Fuel
Energy crops, Agricultural waste, etcTOMORROW (3)
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Synthetic fuels through gasification.Value Chain A as defined by EBTP1)
1) European Biofuels Technology Platform
21
TransportBiofuels
Co-products
**FinalConversion
Pre-treatment
InitialConversion
BiomassProduction
System
Co-located
- Feeding sys.- Gasification- CH4 ref’ng- Tar handling- Particulatehandling- Shifting- Gas cleaning- Etc
-pyrolysis- coarse prep. -drying-torrefaction-grinding
- Synthesis-
reforming- Cracking- hydrotreating- Distillation- Etc
**certain steps of final conversionmay be located elsewhere
FinalConversion
-Hydrotreatment-Co-treatment
*No pre- treatment necessary before gasification.
-black liquor *
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Synthetic fuels through gasificationExamples European project developments (1)
22
Choren Projectsa. Beta plant, ~45 MWt / FT products / Under Start-upb. Sigma Plan~640 MWt / FT products / Start-up 14-15(?)
BioLiq Project2 MWt / via DME toHC:s / 2012
Bioliq pyrolysis plant
Choren Beta Plant
+
Lurgi MPGgasifier
Source: EBTP
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Synthetic fuels through gasificationExamples European project developments (2)
23
Chemrec development plant
Pilot tests inChicago at IGT
Gasification ModuleFull sized plantSource: UPM, Andritz,Carbona
BioDME plant under construction
Source: EBTP
Chemrec Projectsa. BioDME~3 MWt / DME / Start-Up Sept 2010b. Domsjö Biofuels~200 MWt / DME and Methanol / Start-Up 2013
UPM Projecta. Pilot testing at IGT, Chicago~5 MWt / syngas production / Ongoingb. Commercial Demonstration~300t / FT products / Start-Up 2014/15
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Synthetic fuels through gasificationExamples European project developments (3)
24
VVBGC Project (under re-financing & re-organisation)~15 MWt / clean syngas / 2012-13
Neste-Stora Enso project ~ 12 MWt /part stream to FT / Gasification in operation
BioTfueL Project~ 12 MWt / FT products / 2012
StoraEnso Pilot Plant
Source: EBTP
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Production Cost as Function of Price of Biomass Source: Renew (2008)
25
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9Total biomass provision costs at BtL plant [€/GJ]
BtL
pro
duct
ion
cost
s [€
/GJ]
Chemrec
CHOREN
FZK
TU Wien
Abengoa CFB
Abengoa EF
CUTEC
~ 75-95 €per dry ton
biomass
Chemrec
ChorenTU W
ien
~ 0.5 €/ lit.diesel eqv.
as DME
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Scenario: All Planned Renewable Gasification Capacity in Europe to
produce BioDME
26
Project Feedstock (MWt)
BioDME Prod.(Tonnes / year)
Start-up Year
Chemrec, Domsjö 200 100 000* 2014UPM 300 180 000* 2014/15Choren 640 380 000* 2014/15BioLiq, StoraEnsoVVBGC and otherminor projects
40 11 000* 2012/13
Total ~ 670 000 2015
* Different yield from different processes as well as different utilization A SCENARIO
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Content
• BioDME from Pulp Mills via Black Liquor Gasification
• BioDME from Biomass through gasification• Supply and Demand Balance for a DME fuel system
- Flexibility for BioDME producers- Guarantee DME availability in the fuel system- Flexibility for fossil DME producers
• Conclusions
27
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Concept for development of the BioDME market for heavy duty vehicles
(short / medium term)
28
1000
2000
3000
The BioDMEProject
The DomsjöProject
20143Q 2010
Methanol- for low blend in gasoline- for RME/MTBE- for chemical use
DME
Number ofheavy duty
vehicles runningon DME
Time10
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Concept for development of the BioDME market for heavy duty vehicles
(medium / long term)
29
4000
8000
12000
DME
Number ofheavy duty
vehicles runningon DME
Time10
16000
20142010
The DomsjöProject
2018 2022
?
?
BioDMEProject
MeOH
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Concept for development of the BioDME market for heavy duty vehicles
(medium / long term)
30
4000
8000
12000
DME
Number ofheavy duty
vehicles runningon DME
10
16000
Time
20142010 2018 2022
?
?
MeOH
Production: 680 000 t DME/y 30 ton dieseleqv / truck, year
Corresponds to apr. 15 000 HD trucks
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
How to meet the demand from a growing BioDME Fuel Market ?
BioDME
BioMeOH
Fossil DME
Fossil MeOH
Alternate usageof renewable
MeOH
DMEFuel
Alternate usagein the world
MeOH market
Blend into LPG
Dual FuelPlants
RenewableFeedstock
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed9/13/2010 32
The Route via Gasification and Syngas to Automotive Fuels
SyngasSyngas(CO+H2)(CO+H2)
Natural GasNatural Gas
CoalCoal
BiomassBiomass
SynteticDiesel (FTD)
Methanol
DMEDME (DiMetylEter)(DiMetylEter)
Hydrogen
Black liquorBlack liquor
Heavy oilsHeavy oils
GA
SIFI
CA
TIO
N
CO2
Chemicals
SNG
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Price Levels of some Key Commodities
Commodity € cents / kWh (approx.)
Crude at 80 USD/bbl 3.5Gasoline at refinery gate, NW Europe (0.4€/lit)
4.0
Diesel at refinery gate, NW Europe (0.4€/lit)
4.0
Methanol, contract price (average Jan -09 to March -10) Rotterdam, (200€/t 250 USD/t )
3.6
DME, estimate based on methanol price
3.7-3.8
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed9/13/2010 34
The Route via Gasification and Syngas to Automotive Fuels
SyngasSyngas(CO+H2)(CO+H2)
Natural GasNatural Gas
CoalCoal
BiomassBiomass
SynteticDiesel (FTD)
Methanol
DMEDME (DiMetylEter)(DiMetylEter)
Hydrogen
Black liquorBlack liquor
Heavy oilsHeavy oils
GA
SIFI
CA
TIO
N
Chemicals
SNGCO2to
CCS
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
PRINCIPLE: Net CO2 emission from GTL and BTL if CCS is applied. Case DME
0
100
200
300
400
100 200 300 400 500 600
Total energy consumption (MJ / 100 km)
Tota
l em
issi
on o
f gre
enho
use
gase
s (g
CO
2 eq
v / k
m)
35
Source: EUCAR/CONCAWE/JRC
NG to DME
DME from Black liquor
Conventional gasolineConventional dieselBiodiesel: Glycerin as chemicalBiodiesel: Glycerin as animal feedSyndiesel: CoalSyndiesel: Natural gasSyndiesel: BiomassSyndiesel: Black liquorDME: CoalDME: Natural gasDME: BiomassDME: Black liquorEtOH: Wheat, straw CHP, DDGS as AFEtOH: Sugar cane (Brazil)EtOH: Wheat, straw CHP, DDGS fuelEtOH: CelluloseEtOH: Wheat strawEtOH: Wheat, coal CHP, DDGS as AFEtOH: Wheat, coal CHP, DDGS fuelEtOH: Wheat, NG GT+CHP, DDGS AFEtOH: Wheat NG GT+CHP, DDGS fuelBiogas: Municipal wasteBiogas: Manure
Gasoline &diesel
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
The chicken / egg problem has been resolved before!
Produce BioDME
Produce Fossil DME
Distribute the Fuel
Develop Market
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Summary and Conclusions 1• Fuel generation at pulp mills has in various
studies shown to have highest efficiency and lowest production cost compared to renewable fuels alternatives
• BioDME will be produced from November 2010. Capacity 4 tons / day
• An industrial demonstration plants planned to be in operation early 2014. Capacity 100 000 tons of DME or corresponding amounts of methanol
• BioDME can be produced efficiently in biomass gasification based plants
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
Summary and Conclusions 2
38
• BioDME production needs to be balanced with a second product, preferably BioMethanol
• Fossil DME will play a role to secure DME availability in the DME fuel system
• Fossil DME can be produced at competitive costs compared to fossil diesel in a crude oil price scenario > 50-60 USD/bbl
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CHEMRECEnergy to Succeed
With support from and in collaboration with…
www.chemrec.se
Thank You!