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Women and Development

Issues and Challenges

Editors

Rekha KaulAnita Malhotra

Elite Publishing House4632/18, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, New Delhi-110002 Phone: 011-41004299 E-mail: rg_elite@yahoo.com

Contents

Preface xi

Acknowledgement x i

List of Contributors xv

1. Women and Development: An Introduction Rekha Kaul 1

PART 1 Deconstructing Development from a Gendered Perspective

2. Women Missing in India: By Choice or by Disparities Uma 15

3. Women in a Globalized World: Challenges and Opportunities Sangit Sarita Dwivedi 27

4. The Breadwinner Debate: Gender and Household Strategies in Working-Class Families Aditi Narayani 34

5. Issues and Concerns of Surrogate Mothers: A Discourse on Women’s Reproductive Rights Arshiya Wadhwa and Anjali Capila 41

PART 2 The Discourse on Rights and Resisting Inequalities

6. Inadequacy of Rape Laws: A Literary Perspective Sucheta Chaturvedi 55

7. Development and Gender Marginalization: From Deprivation to Entitlement Geeta Sahare 75

8. Empowering Mothers with Differently Abled Children through Home-Based Developmental Support: A Case Study of DISHA Lalit Kishore 86

viii Contents

9. Revisiting Women Participation in Olympics Lata Sharma, Seema Kaushik and Rajender Lal 92

PART 3 Reviewing and Recasting Initiatives, Policies and Programmes

10. Women Centric Human Resource Policies of Indian Inc. Alka Harneja 105

11. MGNREGA: From a Gender Perspetive Pramanshi Jaideva 114

12. In Pursuit of Development and Empowerment: The Experience of Women’s Self-Help Groups Rashmita Behera 122

PART 4 Women and Media

13. Gender Stereotypes in School Textbooks Tinny Dawar and Sarita Anand 135

14. The Objectification of Women in Mass Media Malvika Singh 142

15. Impact of Media on Body Image and Clothing Preferences amongst Women Garisha Arora and Jyoti Aggarwal 150

16. The Eighteenth Century Awadhi Sufi Narrative: Nur Muhammad’s Representation of Women and Culture Geeta Arya 159

17. Women in Premchand’s Novels Suman 166

PART 5 Viewing Women as Beneficiaries or Determinants

18. Addressing Gender and Nutrition Inequities– A Study of Surguja Fulwari Initiative in Chhattisgarh Anita Malhotra 177

19. Women Workers in Indian Apparel Industry: Challenges and Recommendations Sabrina Sareen 189

20. Role of Physical Education in Empowering Women Sunita Arora and Mukesh Agarwal 199

Contents ix

21. Democratic Decentralisation and Women’s Role in Decision Making in Panchayati Raj Institutions Bharti Chhibber 206

Some Insights

• Women and Development: Evolution and Trends Mondira Dutta 11

• Society Engendered Anu Sharma 26

• Understanding Gender and Development from a Gendered Perspective Bulbul Dhar-James 48

• Resisting Knowledge: Rethinking Women’s Oppression V. Kadambari 53

• Personal Laws in India Rohit De 74

• Older Women in India: Are we Concerned? Seema Puri 103

• Gendered Inequality in Education: Trends, Patterns and Determinants Sanjeer Alam 112

• Women and RTI Anjali Bharadwaj 121

• Women and Media Medha 133

• Womenomics: Beneficiaries to Determinants Lalita Nijhawan 175

Index 214

List of Contributors

Prof. Mondira DuttaProfessorSchool of International StudiesJawahar Lal Nehru UniversityNew DelhiIndia

Dr. Bulbul Dhar-JamesFaculty at Political Science DepartmentFormer DirectorSarojini Naidu Centre for Women’s StudiesJamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi

Dr. Rohit DeAssistant ProfessorDepartment of HistoryYale University, USA

Dr. Seema PuriAssociate ProfessorDepartment Food and Nutrition (Home Science)Institute of Home EconomicsUniversity of Delhi

Dr. Rekha KaulAssociate ProfessorDepartment of Political ScienceLakshmibai CollegeUniversity of Delhi

Dr. Anjali CapilaAssociate ProfessorDepartment of Development Communication and Extension (Home Science)Lady Irwin CollegeUniversity of Delhi

Dr. Anu SharmaAssociate Professor Department of AnthropologyWesleyan UniversityConnecticut, USA

Prof. V. KadambariAssociate Professor of English andDirector, Centre for Women’s Studies (Retd)Ethiraj College for WomenChennai, Tamil Nadu

Ms. Lalita NijhawanDirectorNijhawan Group of CompaniesGurgaon, Haryana

Ms. Anjali BhardwajCo-Convener, National Campaign for Peoples’ Right to Information (NCPRI) and Founder, SNS- Satark Nagrik Sangathan (Society for Citizens’ Vigilance Initiative)

Dr. Anita MalhotraAssociate ProfessorDepartment of Food Technology (Home Science)Lakshmibai CollegeUniversity of Delhi

Dr. Sarita AnandAssociate ProfessorDepartment of Development Communication and Extension (Home Science)Lady Irwin CollegeUniversity of Delhi

xi List of Contributors

Dr. Lata SharmaAssociate ProfessorDepartment of CommerceLakshmibai CollegeUniversity of Delhi

Dr. Pramanshi JaidevaAssociate ProfessorDepartment of HistoryGDM College, Patna

Dr. Sucheta ChaturvediAssociate ProfessorDepartment of EnglishLakshmibai CollegeUniversity of Delhi

Dr. Sunita AroraAssociate ProfessorDepartment of Physical EducationLakshmibai CollegeUniversity of Delhi

Dr. Jyoti AggarwalAssociate Professor Department of Fabric and Apparel Science Institute of Home EconomicsUniversity of Delhi

Dr. Sanjeer AlamAssistant ProfessorCentre for Study of Developing Societies, Delhi

Dr. Sabrina SareenAssistant ProfessorDepartment of Apparel Design and Construction(Home Science)Lakshmibai CollegeUniversity of Delhi

Dr. Sangit Sarita DwivediAssistant ProfessorDepartment of Political ScienceBharati CollegeUniversity of Delhi

Dr. Alka HarnejaAssociate ProfessorDepartment of CommerceLakshmibai CollegeUniversity of Delhi

Dr. Lalit KishoreSenior Research FellowDisha – A Resource Centre for Multiple DisabilitiesJaipur

Dr. Geeta SahareAssociate ProfessorDepartment of Political ScienceLakshmibai CollegeUniversity of Delhi

Dr. Seema KaushikAssistant ProfessorDepartment of Physical EducationLakshmibai CollegeUniversity of Delhi

Dr. MedhaAssistant ProfessorSatyavati CollegeUniversity of Delhi

Dr. Rajender LalAssistant ProfessorDepartment of Physical EducationRashtriya Sanskrit Sansthan (Deemed Univ. under MHRD)Jammu

Dr. Geeta AryaAssistant Professor Department of HistoryLakshmibai CollegeUniversity of Delhi

Ms. Rashmita BeheraAssistant ProfessorDepartment of Political ScienceLakshmibai CollegeUniversity of Delhi

List of Contributors xv

Ms. UmaAssistant ProfessorDepartment of EconomicsLakshmibai CollegeUniversity of Delhi

Ms. Garisha AroraResearch ScholarDepartment of Fabric and Apparel Science (Home Science)Institute of Home EconomicsUniversity of Delhi

Dr. Mukesh AgarwalAssistant ProfessorMaharaja Agrasen CollegeUniversity of Delhi

Ms. SumanResearch Scholar Monad University Hapur, Uttar Pradesh

Ms. Aditi NarayaniResearch Scholar Centre for the Study of Discrimination and Exclusion School of Social Sciences Jawaharlal Nehru UniversityNew Delhi

Ms. Arshiya Wadhwa Research ScholarDepartment of Development Communication and Extension (Home Science)Lady Irwin CollegeUniversity of Delhi

Dr. Bharti ChhibberAssistant ProfessorDepartment of Political ScienceLakshmibai CollegeUniversity of Delhi

Ms. Tinny Dawar,PhD Research ScholarDepartment of Development Communication and Extension (Home Science)Lady Irwin CollegeUniversity of Delhi

Dr. Malvika SinghAssistant ProfessorDepartment of Political ScienceShivaji CollegeUniversity of Delhi