Scalable Thermochemical Option for Renewable

Energy Storage (STORES)Joerg Petrasch, Michigan State University

Team Members: James Klausner1, Christopher Muhich2, Kelvin

Randhir1, Nima Rahmatian1, Joseph Williams3

1: Michigan State University, 2: Arizona State University, 3: Dresser-Rand (Siemens)

“We are providing low cost electricity storage on a scale of 10 hours by

thermochemical storage that leverages gas power plants.”

Total project cost: $2.1 M

Length 30 mo.

Project Vision

The Concept I: STORES module

Porous redox

material

‣ MgO + 2MnO +1

2O2 ↔ MgMn2O4

‣ Charged by electrical heating,

‣ 1000-1500 C,

‣ 2000 MJ/m3th-ch

‣ 40 ft-container module:

26 MWhth-ch : 11-16 MWhe

1

The Concept II: System Integration

TurbineTurbine

N2 + unreacted O2 out

Control valve

Air in

Compressor

STORES modules

Tmin = 1000°C

Turbine

Control valve

Charging

~

Heaters

Compressor

STORES modules

Tmax = 1500°C

TurbineTurbine

O2

out

Suction BlowerSuction Blower

PO2>0.01 atm

Discharging

2

The Team

3

Joerg Petrasch, Assoc. Prof. MSU

PIProject management, storage unit design,

system integration, multi-physics modeling,

system dynamics and control.

James Klausner, Chair of ME MSU

Co-PIProject management, system analysis, multi-

physics, technoeconomic analysis, tech-to-

market

Christopher Muhich, Asst. Prof. ASU

Co-PIMaterials development, thermophysical

properties

Kelvin Randhir, PhD, Post-Doc MSUMaterials development and testing, kinetics

modeling, experimental facilities

Nima Rahmatian, PhD, Post-Doc MSUNumerical Modeling, porous media analysis

Project Objectives I: Energy Density

4

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

State-of-the-art STORES current DAYS Target

Energy Density (MJ/m3)

Project Objectives II: Cyclical Stability

5

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

STORES current Target

Number of Cycles

Project Objectives III: 1 and 10 kWth prototypes

6

‣ 10g → 100 kg

storage material

‣ 1 → 20 bar

‣ Large thermal

mass

‣ ControlsCeramic bricks

Gas outlet

Gas inlet

Gas inlet

High pressure Electrical

feed through

Flange

Fiber board

insulation

Reactive pellets

MoSi2 heating element

Stainless steel

shell

Copper studs

Outlet

header

Main

body

Inlet

header

electrical

connection

Timeline, Technology

7

2020 2021Q1 Q2 Q3 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q9 Q10

30 cycles + 100 h holding + deep

cycling @ 1650 MJ/m3, 40 MW/m360 cycles + 150 h holding + deep

cycling @ 1980 MJ/m3, 50 MW/m3

1 kW prototype design 1 kW prototype testing

10 kW prototype

fabrication & testing

LCOE <

₵ 5/kWhr

Reactor

durability

& controls

Project Flow Chart

8

START

PORE SCALE

ANALYSISMODELLING

MATERIAL

SYNTHESISDYNAMICS AND

CONTROL

1 kW BENCH SCALE

REACTOR DESIGN &

TESTING

10kW PILOT SCALE

REACTOR DESING &

TESTING

TECHNO-

ECONOMIC-

ANALYSIS

TECH-TO-MARKET

E > 2000MJm-3

& Reactivity loss <5%

& max rate >50 kWm-3

Enclosure

durability &

operations

N

N N

Y

YY

N

Muhich, Klausner, Randhir Klausner, Petrasch, Rahmatian, Randhir

Petrasch , Rahmatian, RandhirPetrasch , Rahmatian

Petrasch , Rahmatian, Randhir

Klausner, Petrasch , Rahmatian

Klausner, Petrasch, Williams, RandhirKlausner, Petrasch, Williams

Challenges

‣ Demonstrate long-term stability of redox material:

– O(100) cycles,

– Hold @ 1500 C without deactivation

– Deep cycling

‣ Build and run 1 and 10 kW storage units:

– Insulation

– Sealing

– Controls

– Losses

‣ Demonstrate cost target

9

Our Partners

‣Dresser-Rand (Siemens)

‣Saudi Aramco Energy Venture

North America

10