High resolution mapping of the world’s reservoirs and dams for
SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC...
Transcript of SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC...
![Page 1: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety
Inspection of Embankment Dams
John A. Poole, P.E. SCDHEC
![Page 2: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Topics Covered
• History of the Dam Safety Program: – Time line of the program and important events
• Inspections Performed by the Department
![Page 3: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
History of the Dam Safety Program
![Page 4: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Toccoa Falls
• Question: How could such a beautiful natural treasure turn deadly?
• Answer: ????
![Page 5: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Toccoa Falls
• Question: How could such a beautiful natural treasure turn deadly?
• Answer: Kelly Barns Dam
![Page 6: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Kelly Barns Dam
• 40-ft height • 20-ft top width • 400-ft length • 4.6 sq.mile DA
that is heavily wooded
![Page 7: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Disaster Strikes on November 1977
• Note tree root penetration through dam embankment
• pipe, old low dam, silt layers
![Page 8: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Impacts Down Stream
• Toccoa Falls College campus area located in flood plain
• Breach occurred at night and caught many by surprise
• Approximately 40 people died by drowning or being crushed by debris
![Page 9: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Down Stream Damage
• Many students lived in mobile homes and light weight trailers surrounding the campus
• Note the vehicle, they were not warned in time to escape
![Page 10: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
![Page 11: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
![Page 13: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Creation of the Dams Inventory
• After the disaster at Toccoa Falls, then president, Jimmy Carter issued a proclamation for the ACOE to perform a one time inspection of all high hazard dams.
• The South Carolina Land Resource Commission (SCLRC) was tasked to generate an inventory of high hazard dams for the ACOE to inspect.
![Page 14: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
ACOE Findings
• Almost all of the dams inspected in SC were classified as “unsafe” due to their conditions.
• The state was then responsible for follow up work to ensure the conditions of the dams were improved to a safe level.
![Page 15: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Dam Safety Program Findings
• In addition to the dams identified by the ACOE, the Dam Safety Program identified an overwhelming number of very small dams that were in unsafe conditions.
• In 1980, the act was amended to exclude all “very small” (less than 25 feet high and impounded less than 50 acre feet) dams from regulation unless they are a direct threat to life by their failure.
![Page 16: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Working Towards Safety
• The dam safety program began working with individual dam owners to get their unsafe dams corrected
• Detailed studies and more careful inspections removed a number of dams in the Corp's reports from the unsafe list
• Legal action had to be initiated against a number of dam owners
![Page 17: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Routine Inspection Program
• In 1984, the Dam Safety Program started a routine re-inspection program for all high hazard and significant hazard dams
• Low hazard dams would not be inspected, but would be checked for reclassification
![Page 18: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Routine Inspection Program • Current Inspection and classification schedule:
–2-yrs for High Hazard Inspections
–3-yrs for Significant Hazard Inspections
–5-yrs for Low Hazard Classifications
![Page 19: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Computers
• In 1985, the first desktop Personal Computer was acquired for the purpose of keeping the inventory of regulated dams. This inventory is still maintained by DHEC.
![Page 20: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Disaster Strikes SC • Klaus and Marco,
entered the state simultaneously in early October, 1990
• Storms stalled over the state and dumped unprecedented quantities of rainfall
• 17 regulated dams failed
![Page 21: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Storm Path Increases Danger
![Page 22: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
General Assembly Restructures State Government
• In 1994, many of the small independent agencies were abolished, and their functions were transferred to larger agencies
• SCLRC duties were absorbed by DHEC
![Page 23: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Inspections Performed by Regional Staff
http://www.scdhec.gov/environment/envserv/regions.htm
![Page 24: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Central Office Functions
• Issuing permits for: – New dams – Altering existing dams – Modifying Control Structures of dams – Repairing extensive damage to dams – Removing dams
• Enforcement actions
http://www.scdhec.gov/environment/water/drsmainpage.htm
![Page 25: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Permit Application Form
http://www.scdhec.gov/administration/library/d-2602.pdf
![Page 26: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT
SC LAW 49-11-110
http://www.scstatehouse.gov/code/t49c011.htm
![Page 27: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
What is the Purpose of the Act? • It is the purpose of this article to provide for the
certification and inspection of certain dams in South Carolina in the interest of public health, safety, and welfare in order to reduce the risk of failure of the dams, prevent injuries to persons and damage to property, and confer upon the department the regulatory authority to accomplish the purposes.
• Protect citizens health, safety, and welfare by creating a regulatory program to reduce the risk from failure of dams
![Page 28: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
What Authority is granted to DHEC
• Power to promulgate regulations • Require permits (Section 49-11-200) • Conduct inspections (Section 49-11-230) • Take enforcement actions (Section 49-11-
190)
![Page 29: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Permits are required for the following: • New Dam Construction or • Existing Dam
– Alteration – Repair – Removal
![Page 30: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
• "Alteration" means any change to a dam or reservoir which affects the physical parameters and safety of the dam or reservoir which may include but is not limited to changing the height of a dam, increasing the normal pool or principal spillway elevation or changing the elevation or physical dimensions of an emergency spillway.
• "Repairs" means any work done on a dam which may affect the safety of the dam. This includes but is not limited to work requiring excavation into the embankment fill or foundation of a dam or work requiring removal or replacement of major structural components of a dam.
• "Removal" means the destruction or breaching of a dam or reservoir to the extent that no water or fluid can be impounded by the dam or reservoir
![Page 31: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Other stakeholders to consider
• Neighboring property owners • Local city or county governments • Other state agencies • Other DHEC regulatory programs • Federal regulatory agencies • Consultant Engineers
![Page 32: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Inspections
• The Department’s regional staff are responsible for most inspections performed by the agency (DHEC) on regulated dams.
• The types of inspections performed are: – Preliminary/Routine Inspections – Classification Inspections – Construction Inspections (BOW Staff)
![Page 33: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Preliminary Inspections
• These are visual but technical inspections that may involve an evaluation of the dams ability to adequately and safely pass large storm events.
• A more thorough evaluation or “detailed inspection” may be required due to findings from these inspections.
• In addition to scheduled inspections, these are also performed on a as needed basis.
![Page 34: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
![Page 35: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
![Page 36: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
![Page 37: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
![Page 38: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
![Page 39: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
![Page 40: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
![Page 41: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
![Page 42: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
![Page 43: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
Seepage
![Page 44: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
![Page 45: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
![Page 46: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
![Page 47: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
![Page 48: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
![Page 49: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
![Page 50: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
![Page 51: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
![Page 52: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
![Page 53: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
![Page 54: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
![Page 55: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
![Page 56: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
![Page 57: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
Slope Protection
![Page 58: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
![Page 59: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
Beaching
![Page 60: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Scarp
![Page 61: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Vegetative Growth
![Page 62: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
![Page 63: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
Trees and Shrubs
![Page 64: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/64.jpg)
Cracking
• Commonly observed cracking on dams: – Desiccation – Transverse – Longitudinal
![Page 65: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
Desiccation Cracks
![Page 66: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/66.jpg)
Transverse Cracks
![Page 67: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
Longitudinal Cracks
![Page 68: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/68.jpg)
Slides
![Page 69: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/69.jpg)
![Page 70: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/70.jpg)
![Page 71: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/71.jpg)
Depressions and Sinkholes
![Page 72: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/72.jpg)
![Page 73: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/73.jpg)
![Page 74: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/74.jpg)
![Page 75: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/75.jpg)
Debris
![Page 76: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/76.jpg)
![Page 77: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/77.jpg)
Burrowing Animals
![Page 78: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/78.jpg)
![Page 79: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/79.jpg)
![Page 80: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/80.jpg)
Surface Erosion
![Page 81: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/81.jpg)
![Page 82: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/82.jpg)
![Page 83: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/83.jpg)
![Page 84: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/84.jpg)
Importance of Maintenance
![Page 85: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/85.jpg)
Classification Inspections
• These are not performed to determine the dams condition, instead they are used to determine the dam hazard classification.
• Performed by evaluating properties at risk below the dam.
![Page 86: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/86.jpg)
Hazard Creep
![Page 87: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/87.jpg)
Construction inspections
• This are performed at various mile stones during permitted work.
• They help assure compliance with permitted plans.
• A final construction inspection must be performed before a certificate of operation or completion can be issued.
![Page 88: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/88.jpg)
Failure Mode Analysis
• This involves a brainstorming to determine the possibles ways a new or existing dam may fail.
• Often involves detailed evaluations of the dam site and plans.
• Most typical failure types involve: piping, overtopping, and sliding.
![Page 89: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/89.jpg)
Piping Failure
![Page 90: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/90.jpg)
Over Topping Failure
![Page 91: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/91.jpg)
Slide Failure
![Page 92: SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety - Gills Creek Watershed ... · SC Dams and Reservoirs Safety ... SC DAMS AND RESERVOIRS SAFETY ACT SC LAW 49-11-110 ... on regulated dams. • The types](https://reader034.fdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022051602/5ae8e8eb7f8b9a6d4f900f1e/html5/thumbnails/92.jpg)
Questions?
John Poole, P.E., State Dam Safety Engineer SC DHEC – Bureau of Water Dams and Reservoirs Safety Program 2600 Bull St. Columbia, SC 29201
Phone: (803) 898-4212 Email: [email protected]