SB2a How are DNA and RNA different?
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Transcript of SB2a How are DNA and RNA different?
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SB2a How are DNA and RNA different?
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DNA is double stranded and RNA is single stranded.RNA has Uracil and DNA has thymine.
DNA is only in the nucleus.
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SB2a What is a phosphate group, a deoxyribose sugar, and a nitrogen base
called when put together?
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NUCLEOTIDE
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SB2a How do the bases in DNA pair?
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Adenine <> ThymineCytosine <> Guanine
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SB2a Because of Chargoff’s rule there is equal numbers of bases for _______
and _______
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Cytosine = Guanine Adenine = Thymine
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SB2b Make a complementary RNA strand from the DNA below.
CGA CGA TTA
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GCU GCU AAU
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SB2b Label the diagram to show how a protein is made
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SB2b Where are proteins made?
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Ribosomes
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SB2b What is another name for each triplet code
such as ACG?
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mRNA codon
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SB2b Write the complementary anticodons for the codons below.
CGC-AUC-GGA
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GCG-UAG-CCU
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SB2b Where does transcription and translation take place?
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Transcription = NucleusTranslation = Ribosomes
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SB2b Name the two forms of RNA used during the
making of proteins?
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mRNA and tRNA(messenger RNA and
transfer RNA)
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SB2b How many times does DNA replication
occur before cells reproduce?
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ONE
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SB2b Why does transcription occur?
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Transcription takes place to make mRNA
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SB2b What is translation?
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Putting together amino acids to make proteins by using the three letter codons
(looking them up on the table of bases [letters])
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SB2c Cross a homozygous dominant with a homozygous recessive
genotype.
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Bb Bb
Bb Bb
B B
b
b
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SB2c Cross a heterozygous genotype
with a homozygous dominant genotype.
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BB BB
Bb Bb
B B
B
b
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SB2c Give an example of incomplete dominance
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Plants that make red (RR), white (WW) and pink flowers (RW). The pink of a
blending of traits.
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SB2c Cross a heterozygous genotype
with a homozygous dominant genotype.
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BB BB
Bb Bb
B B
B
b
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SB2 c What is the type of cell reproduction that decreases the
chromosome number to half (haploidy)?
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Meiosis
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SB2c Describe the sex chromosomes
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male = XYfemale = XX
The male determines the sex of a child because his sperm may carry an X or a Y chromosome.
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SB2c When does segregation of alleles
happen?
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Meiosis
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SB2c If a gene shows up the most and is expressed with a capital letter it is
showing ________.
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dominance
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SB2c Describe a genotype that is heterozygous
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It contains a capital letter for the dominant allele and a lowercase letter for a recessive allele
Bb
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SB2c Given an example of a phenotype
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Color, shape, or stature
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SB2a What is the monomer of DNA?
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Nucleotide
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SB2c Cross an individual with AB blood and another
with O blood type
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AO BO
AO BO
A B
O
O
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SB2c List the genotypes and phenotypes for the
blood types
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SB2c How can there be two different alleles in
blood type AB?
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Because of codominance
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SB2c What can cause genetic variation during
meiosis?
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Crossing over to mix up the gene combinations
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SB2c Traits do not affect the occurrence of other different traits. This is the basis for Mendel’s Law of __________________.
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Independent assortment
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SB2d When DNA is mutated, what is changed to alter the production of
proteins?
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The nitrogen bases (letters ATCG)
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SB2d If you change one base in DNA what type of
mutation will it be?
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POINT Mutation
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SB2d What causes a change in DNA (genetic information)?
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Mutations
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SB2e What is asexual reproduction?
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Type of reproduction involving one parent cell that results in identical cells so there is no genetic variation. For example, taking a cutting from a plant to grow a new plant. These plants are clones and genetically identical.
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SB1a Describe the type and quantity of cells
produced from meiosis.
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Type = haploid cellsQuantity = 4 cells
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SB1a Compare the number of chromosomes in gametes (haploid cells) and body (diploid)cells.
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In humans for example: Diploid (body or somatic cells) = 46Haploid (gametes or sex cells) = 23