SB1b - Enzymes SB1c - Macromolecules Test Review
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Transcript of SB1b - Enzymes SB1c - Macromolecules Test Review
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SB1b - EnzymesSB1c - Macromolecules
Test Review
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Enzymes
• Why is an enzyme such as lactase called a catalyst?– Because it helps a chemical reaction take place
• What is activation energy (EA)?– The energy needed to start a chemical reaction
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Enzymes• On the graph, label the x-axis “Progress of the reaction” and
the y-axis “Free Energy.” Label EA on this sketch, both with and without enzyme.
What effect does an enzyme have on EA?
An enzyme lowers the EA
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Enzymes• Label this figure while you define each of the
following terms: • enzyme – breaks down or assembles substrates• substrate – molecule that an enzyme acts on • active site - part of the enzyme that binds to substrate• products - molecules formed after chemical reaction
enzyme
substrates
products
Active site
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Enzymes
• Many factors can affect the rate of enzyme function. These factors include the concentration of substrate, pH, and temperature. Explain how.
– These factors may alter the shape of the enzyme or delay with the formation of an Enzyme-Substrate Complex
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MacromoleculesBiological
Macromolecule Function Monomer Examples
Carbohydrate
Short term energy storage
Structure (cell walls &
exoskeletons)
Monosaccharide
(Glucose)
Glycogen
Cellulose
sucrose
lactose
Lipids
Store energy
Insulate
Waterproof
Fatty Acids
Oil
Wax
Cholesterol
Proteins
Form muscles
Act as hormones
Catalyze reactions
Amino Acids
Insulin
Lactase
Catalase
Nucleic Acids
Store genetic information Nucleotides
DNA
RNA