Satellite Internet Telemetry Options River Water ... Matt Saunders ‐Unidata Pty Ltd. ......

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Satellite & Internet Telemetry Options for River Water Measurement Systems by Matt Saunders Unidata Pty Ltd

Transcript of Satellite Internet Telemetry Options River Water ... Matt Saunders ‐Unidata Pty Ltd. ......

Page 1: Satellite Internet Telemetry Options River Water ... Matt Saunders ‐Unidata Pty Ltd. ... communications costs for satellite connections. ... Satellite Communications Equatorial Orbit

Satellite & Internet Telemetry Optionsfor

River Water Measurement Systems by

Matt Saunders ‐ Unidata Pty Ltd 

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Pull and Push Telemetry

• 50 years ago ‐manual reading of level50 years ago  manual reading of level

• 30 years ago ‐ data logger records levels and field staff visit to download readings

• 20 years ago dial up modems used and level data was• 20 years ago ‐ dial up modems used and level data was PULLED from the logger via phone line called “dial up networks”

• last 10 years ‐ internet widely available and we can now PUSHdata from logger to central system across the internet usingdata from logger to central system across the internet using “packet networks”

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Pull and Push Telemetry

h l / k k b h• Push telemetry / packet networks becoming cheaper

• Use of standard packet data TCP IP/ GPRS/ SMS easier for• Use of standard packet data TCP IP/ GPRS/ SMS easier for network operators than older dial up

• Many different users packet data can be sent across a network at one time hence it is cheaper

• Move from dial up (a special connection for you) to Packet services ( you now share a common packet network with many h )others)

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Nature of Internet‐ IP data

• IP data ( TCP / IP) is the standard for the internet and has been widely adoptedwidely adopted.

• Each computer on a network has an IP address, similar to a phone number

• The IP delivery system is a “similar” model to the postsimilar  model to the post office and letters

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Technology Comparisons TCP / IP versus Short Message Services 

TCP/IP i th t d d f th i t t d i t d d li• TCP/IP is the standard for the internet and is guaranteed delivery, each packet is acknowledged / re‐sent if needed

• SMS messages don’t have a guaranteed delivery mechanism

• Some LEO Satellite operators offer SMS like short message services but generally long latency / store and forward systems may take a few minutes to an hour to deliver messageg

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TCP / IP‐ UDP Communications/

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Protocols and StandardsProtocols and Standards

O ti 1 S d f ll f tt d d t f l• Option 1‐ Send fully formatted data from logger

– Send fully formatted data from logger in the fieldSend fully formatted data from logger in the field

– Easy to format / easy to store but expensive / many wasted formatting characters

/ /– Needs a “ fat / expensive ” pipe from logger / wasted communications costs for satellite connections

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Protocols and StandardsProtocols and Standards

O ti 2 S d RAW / d d t f l• Option 2‐ Send RAW / compressed data from logger

– Send raw compressed data from the logger in the field &Send raw compressed data from the logger in the field & reformat messages using an interim server

– Needs a “thin / cheaper” communications pipe from logger

Logger Control& L C t l&

logger

- Compressed Logged Data

Logger Status

ggManagement

Cellular or Satellite Network

Optional Logger Hydro Analysis

Standard Formated CSV

- Compressed Logged Data- Logger Status

Logger Control& Management

- Logger Status ggControl

Management & Message

ReformattingServer

Hydro Analysis ServerASCII DataLogger /

Communications Device

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Satellite Communications and T l i i I d T dTelecommunications Industry Trends

• High Population areas will be well  served by cellular phone networksp

• No commercial reason to put a cell tower where there are not many peoplewhere there are not many people

• Cellular phone services will be cheaper but hard to get coverage in remote areas

• Satellite services will be higher priced but theSatellite services will be higher priced but the only option for very remote areas

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Satellite Communications andSatellite Communications and Telecommunications Industry Trends

• Satellite comms was “ in ” in the 70’s as it was cheaper than old analog coaxial cables

• Optical fiber cables came in in the 80’s and were much cheaper than satellite commsthan satellite comms

• Satellite comms is now a niche in the industry, especially where there is limited infrastructure / in remote areas./

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Satellite Communications Technology Considerations

• Geostationary Satellites– One “parked” satellite  50,000 km above the equator & 

orbits the earth at the same speed as the earth rotates so appears to be stationary.  

• Low Earth Orbit SatellitesM biti t llit 1000 k b th th diff t– Many orbiting satellites 1000 km above the earth, different orbits, like  a set of orbiting cell towers. Fast orbits, once per hour around the world.

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Satellite Communications 

Equatorial Orbit Satellites

Leo and Geo SatellitesSatellites

Low Earth Orbit SatellitesSatellites

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Satellite Communications Geo Satellite over Australia

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Satellite Communications Leo Satellites over Australia

Low Earth Orbit Satellite

Leo Satellites over Australiawith Local Ground Station Support

Low Earth Orbit Satellite

UserUser

UserLow Earth Orbit S lli

Low Earth Orbit Satellite

User

UserUserUser

Satellite Control & Management Ground Station

Satellite Control & Management Ground Station

Satellite

Low Earth Orbit Satellite Low Earth Orbit

Satellite

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Satellite Communications Leo Satellites around the World

with one USA based Ground Stationwith one USA based Ground Station

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LEO and GEO Satellites ‐ Flat plainsLEO and GEO Satellites ‐ Flat plains

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LEO and GEO Satellites ‐ Hills and valleys

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Satellite Communications Technology Considerations

• Geostationary Satellitesalways available / excellent service– always available / excellent service

– long ( 250ms) delay to satellite and back

– high power needs / a long way awayg p g y y

– remote units probably cant survive on battery only, best to have external power available

• Low Earth Orbit Satellites– only available when a satellite is overheadonly available when a satellite is overhead

– short ( 10ms) delay to satellite and back

– low power needs / quite close in

– remote units can survive on battery only

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Examples of Satellite Services

• Thuraya Equatorial

• Inmarsat‐ Equatorial

• GOES‐ Equatorial and Polar 

• Iridium‐ LEO

• Orbcom‐ LEO

• Globalstar‐ LEO

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Thuraya Equatorial

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Inmarsat Equatorial

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GOES Equatorial and Polar

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Iridium LEO

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Globalstar LEO

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Globalstar LEO

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Orbcom LEO

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Leo Satellite Examples in Canada

NRT S t llit it k d it th• NRT Satellite units work despite the tree coverage. 

NRT S t llit d i ll f• NRT Satellite design allows for regular satellite visibility checking and programmable retry intervals

• NRT Satellite fast transfer when a satellite is acquire

• Operation OK in areas where satellite visibility is partially restrictedrestricted 

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Typical Installation‐ Leo Satellite

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Typical Installation –Leo Satellite

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Typical Installation‐ Leo Satellite

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More Information & Follow‐up

• Brochures – available from web site.Brochures  available from web site.

Q ti ?• Questions?

[email protected]

– (+61) 08 9331 8544( )