Satellite Basics MAC Smog Blog Training CATHALAC, Panama, Sept 11-12, 2008
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Satellite Basics MAC Smog Blog Training CATHALAC, Panama, Sept 11-12, 2008 Jill Engel-Cox & Erica Zell Battelle Memorial Institute [email protected], 703-875-2144 [email protected], 703-236-1420
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Satellite Basics MAC Smog Blog Training CATHALAC, Panama, Sept 11-12, 2008. Jill Engel-Cox & Erica Zell Battelle Memorial Institute [email protected], 703-875-2144 [email protected], 703-236-1420. U.S. Ambient Air Monitoring. National Ambient Air Quality Standards - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of Satellite Basics MAC Smog Blog Training CATHALAC, Panama, Sept 11-12, 2008
Satellite BasicsMAC Smog Blog Training
CATHALAC, Panama, Sept 11-12, 2008
Jill Engel-Cox & Erica Zell
Battelle Memorial Institute
[email protected], 703-875-2144
[email protected], 703-236-1420
U.S. Ambient Air Monitoring
National Ambient Air Quality Standards Carbon monoxide, lead,
nitrogen dioxide, sulfur oxides, particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5), and ozone
Typical Real-time Monitors Hourly Ozone (ppb) Hourly PM2.5 (g / m3)
Converted to health-based air quality index (AQI)
Available on U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s AIRNow website (http://www.airnow.gov)
Key NASA air quality satellite sensors
Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer
(MODIS)
How a Polar Orbiting Satellite orbits…
How a polar orbiting satellite orbits…
Satellite Data Available for Air Quality
Most useful for particulate matter (PM) Type of information relevant to PM:
True Color (Red, Green, Blue - RGB) - looks like a photograph but is data, shows haze, dust, & smoke
Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) - Non-dimensional measure of total column (satellite-ground) extinction
Limited but improving information on ground-level ozone, SO2, CO, vertical distribution of PM
All data is “free”, available globally
Engel-Cox, J. et.al. 2004. Atmospheric Environment.
MODIS True Color Image6 July 2002
Transport Case Study Illustration MODISRGB L1B Image25 June 2002
Sunglint
Haze
Cloud
Data provided by NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Image processed by Battelle using MODIS HDF Look.
MODIS Aerosol Optical Depth25 June 2002
Data provided by NASA Goddard Space Flight Center. Image processed by Battelle using MODIS HDF Look.
Relation to Ground-based Data
Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) vs. PM2.5 (Ground)
Quantitative Analysis: PM2.5 Concentrations vs. MODIS AOD
Eastern U.S., April-September 2002
PM2.5 (μg/m3) = 23 AOD + 7N=14,000
Aerosol Optical Depth (unitless)
PM
2.5 (
μg
/m3)
IMPROVE Site Locations
STN-M Site Locations
0.00.0 0.2 1.41.00.6 1.61.20.80.40
15
60
45
30
90
75
105
120
Engel-Cox, J. et.al. 2004. Atmospheric Environment.
Engel-Cox, J. et.al. 2004. Atmospheric Environment.
Initial Correlations by SeasonDaily Fine Mass
-120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70
25
30
35
40
45
50
-0.1
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.5
0.5
0.50.5
0.5
0.7
Parameter: Daily Fine Mass (STN), Season: fall
-120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70
25
30
35
40
45
50
-0.3
-0.3
-0.3
-0.3
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1-0.1
-0.1-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.10.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.10.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.10.10.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.10.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.10.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.10.10.1
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.30.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.30.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.30.3
0.3
0.3
0.30.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.30.3
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.50.50.5
Parameter: Daily Fine Mass (STN), Season: winter
-120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70
25
30
35
40
45
50
-0.3
-0.3
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.10.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1 0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1 0.10.1
0.3 0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.30.30.3
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.50.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
Parameter: Daily Fine Mass (STN), Season: spring
-120 -110 -100 -90 -80 -70
25
30
35
40
45
50
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
-0.1
0.10.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.1
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.3
0.30.3
0.30.3
0.30.3
0.30.5
0.5
0.50.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.50.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.5
0.50.50.5
0.7 0.7
Parameter: Daily Fine Mass (STN), Season: summerWinter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Baltimore, MDSummer 2004
Old Town TEOM
MODIS AOD
MO
DIS
Aer
osol
Opt
ical
Dep
th
PM
2.5
(g/
m3 )
Aug 10Normal haze
Aug 24Transported
haze
July 9High altitude
smoke
July 21Mixed down
smoke
Sources
Sensor Site
Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS)
http://modis-atmos.gsfc.nasa.gov/http://rapidfire.sci.gsfc.nasa.gov/http://eosdb.ssec.wisc.edu/modisdirect/
Data Sites
NASA Goddard Space Flight Center DAAC http://daac.gsfc.nasa.gov/
NASA Langley Atmospheric Sciences Data Center
http://eosweb.larc.nasa.gov/
NASA Level 1 and Atmosphere Archive and Distribution Center
https://ladsweb.nascom.nasa.gov:8300/
Imagery Sites
NASA Earth Observatory http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/
NASA Visible Earth http://visibleearth.nasa.gov/
NOAA Operational Significant Event Imagery U.S. Air Quality (“Smog Blog”)
http://www.osei.noaa.gov/http://alg.umbc.edu/usaq/
Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD)IDEA: http://idea.ssec.wisc.edu/
MesoAmerica Aerosol Optical Depth from MODIS
Sundar A. ChristopherThe University of Alabama in Huntsville
Weekly Composites of MODIS Aerosol Terra Optical Depth for 2007
Weekly Composites from one satellite provides increases spatial coverage
Further work will use data fusion approaches to combine both Terra and Aqua to fill in the gaps.
Questions?
