SAQA 91761 - skills-green-economy.org

ELECTRICIANSAQA 91761

APPRENTICE

WORKBOOK V2.0

Apprentice Name and Surname

Learning Area 1Prepare and plan for work

Learning Project 9Take necessary precautions with electrical protection measures to ensure safety in electricity supply systems

Time allocation: 16 hours

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Before starting with the actual Learning Project, please familiarise yourself with the information on this page!

How to use this workbookThe DSPP learning support material provides additional teaching aids for the knowledge and practical skills modules based on the NOCC-A21 syllabus that was developed according to the new QCTO curriculum. The workbooks supplement the existing learning material available at the TVET colleges and consist of work assignments, which can be used by the lecturers as part of the assessments. The completed assessments will be filed in the Portfolio of Evidence (PoE) and form one of the admission requirements for the trade test at the end of the apprenticeship.

The workbooks focus on practical, workplace-driven aspects and contribute to personal growth and development of the apprentice. The focus is the apprentice!

The workbooks are arranged under headings (viz. Introduction to the Learning Project, Preparation, Theory, Work Assignments and Assessments, Further Development and Workplace Experience), using colours and icons to help the apprentice navigate easily through the workbook and are designed to suit the level of the apprentice. The mentioned time allocation is applicable to the knowledge and practical modules done at the TVET college only.

Below is a short description of the different sections of the workbook.

Introduction to the Learning ProjectOn page 4 of the workbook, the apprentice is introduced to the Learning Project. The section begins with a motivational quote, picture or story to inspire the apprentice to 'think out of the box' and to apply this mind-set to work with the workbook. With a short paragraph introducing the upcoming Learning Project, the apprentice will have an idea of how the practicals will be applied in class.

PreparationThe next heading "Preparation" is one of the most important parts of the workbook and can be used at the beginning of the Learning Project. The aim is to arouse the interest of the apprentices in the Learning Project by challenging them with problems and questions varying in difficulty and presented in a fun, creative and mostly scenario-based fashion. There is no pressure on the apprentices to have all the answers - this will encourage them to participate.

TheoreticalThe theoretical section entails the formal process of instruction as set out by the NOCC-A21. The lecturer is aware as to the desired outcomes and range of topics and he/she plans the process in such a way that training is effective and completed within the allocated time frame.

Work Assignments & AssessmentsWork assignments are completed by apprentices in order to assess their knowledge and skills and to determine effectiveness of the training against the stated outcomes. The assessments and evaluations are done objectively and present an opportunity to identify and schedule remedial activities. These must be formally agreed upon between the apprentice and the lecturer. Furthermore, the assessments serve as proof for the completed knowledge and practical skills modules in the Portfolio of Evidence (PoE).

Further Development & Workplace Experience"Further Development" aims to allow apprentices to delve deeper into the featured topics. The format may include references to websites, books, documents, projects or experiments. Lecturers do not formally keep track of apprentices’ activities in this section. The employment of the apprentices at the workplace is aimed to provide “real-life” work experience. The "Workplace Experience" section of the workbook ensures that apprentices complete a variety of tasks at the workplace.

ENJOY THE PROCESS!

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LEARNING AREAS LEARNING PROJECTS

LA 1 Prepare and plan for work LP 1Investigate and analyse roles, responsibilities of an Electrician, structures and procedures of the compa-ny environment and work ethics, norms and values.

LA 2 Use and care of basic, trade-specific hand- & power tools and equipment LP 2

Adhere to apprentice contracts, labour laws, industrial relations laws, company rules and applicable regula-tions

LA 3 Select, operate and maintain electrical test instruments LP 3 Communicate professionally (internal and external)

and apply basic conflict solving techniques

LA 4Identify, read and interpret engineering drawi-ngs and specifications and sketch or modify basic engineering components

LP 4 Use personal computer systems incl. standard MS-of-fice software for trade-related tasks

LA 5Install wiring systems and accessories (low voltage) in domestic buildings and premises (incl. earthing and bonding)

LP 5 Organise, plan, coordinate and quality assure work processes and conduct housekeeping activities

LA 6Install wiring systems and accessories for low voltage in industrial & commercial buildings and premises (incl. earthing and bonding)

LP 6 Participate in energy efficient, environmental friendly and economic work practices

LA 7 Install wire, test and maintain electrical mo-tors and associated control systems - Basic LP 7

Comply and adhere to Occupational Health and safety and perform (OHS Act), First Aid and Fire fighting - Level 1

LA 8Install power supply (service entrance) and associated equipment to buildings and premises

LP 8Apply fundamentals of electricity (incl. electronics) and basic electrical and mechanical engineering principles in trade related tasks

LA 9Design, install, wire, maintain and trou-bleshoot electric motors and associated control systems - Advanced

LP 9Take necessary precautions with electrical protec-tion measures to ensure safety in electricity supply systems

LA 10 Install, maintain and troubleshoot electrical transformers and associated controls LP 10

Understand and use drawings, diagrams, technical standards (SANS), codes of practice and specifica-tions

LA 11Install, maintain and troubleshoot low vol-tage alternative power supply systems and associated equipment

LP 11 Personal finances and how to manage them

LA 12 Identify, construct and troubleshoot basic electronic circuits LP 12 Personal Development (drivers of success, self-moti-

vation, persistence, positive thinking, etc.)

LA 13 Install, maintain, troubleshoot and upgrade process control systems

LA 14 Understand building automation systems (smart house)

LA 15Commission, re- and decommission of elec-trical systems and equipment (compliance documentation)

LA 16 Understand and apply basic renewable ener-gy technologies in electrical installations

My progress in becoming aProfessional Electrician

Overview

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1. Self Development

Are you proud of South Africa and being a South African? Explain.

2. Introduction to the Learning Project 9Electricity is one of the most valuable phenomenon we benefit from as humans. It is also one of the most dangerous.

Every human being should understand the basic safety issues related with electricity, but an electrician should have an in-depth knowledge as his/her life depends on it on a daily basis.

It is especially important for the electrical professional to ensure that he/she:

(i) Coordinates activities with other professions to ensure safety at all times

(ii) Is aware of how to safely function in an environment where electricity is present and may pose a danger

1. SELF DEVELOPMENT & 2. INTRODUCTION TO THE LEARNING PROJECT 9

1&2

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3. PREPARATION

3. PreparationRead through the information box and answer the following questions with regard to the 4 steps described below.

1. What could happen if you touch an electrocuted person who is still in contact with the electrical source?

2. Why is the use of a non-conductive object necessary for moving the source of the electrical current away from you and the affected person? Name at least 2 types of materials which fall under the category of 'non-conductive'.

Electrical ShockThe danger from an electrical shock depends on how high the voltage is, how the current travelled through the body, the person's overall health, and how quickly the person is treated.

Call Emergency Medical Assistance immediately if any of these signs or symptoms occur:

• Cardiac arrest• Heart rhythm problems (arrhythmias)• Respiratory failure• Muscle pain and contractions• Seizures• Numbness and tingling• Unconsciousness

While waiting for medical help, follow these steps:

1. Look first. Don't touch. The person may still be in contact with the electrical source.

2. Turn off the source of electricity if possible. If not, move the source away from you and the affected person by using a non-conductive object.

3. Check for signs of circulation (breathing, coughing or movement). If absent, begin cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) immediately.

4. Prevent shock. Lay the person down and, if possible, position the head slightly lower than the trunk, with the legs elevated.

Caution• Don't touch the person with your bare hands if he or she is still in contact with the electrical current.• Don't get near high-voltage wires until the power is turned off. Stay at least 20 feet away — much farther if wires are

jumping and sparking.• Don't move a person with an electrical injury unless the person is in immediate danger.

Disclaimer: This information is not intended as a substitute for professional medical advice, emergency treatment or formal first aid training. Don’t use this information to diagnose or develop a treatment plan for a for a health problem or disease without consulting a qualified health care provider.so

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3. PREPARATION Page 6

The following electrical hazards at construction sites kill and injure construction workers every year.

1. Improper grounding

2. Exposed electrical parts

3. Inadequate wiring

4. Damaged insulation

5. Overloaded circuits

6. Damaged tools & equipment

7. Wet conditions

8. Overhead power lines

The pictures below illustrate situations where one or more of the hazards are clearly present. Match the appropriate hazard number/s to the picture:

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Which of the following statements do you think is correct?

The most common electrical risks and causes of injury are:

Electric shock causing injury or death. The electric shock may be received by direct or indirect contact, tracking through or across a medium, or by arcing. For example, electric shock may result from indirect contact where a conductive part that is not normally energised becomes energised due to a fault (e.g. metal toaster body, fence).

Arcing, explosion or fire causing burns. The injuries are often suffered because arcing or explosion or both occur when high fault currents are present.

Electric shock from ‘step-and-touch’ potentials.

Toxic gases causing illness or death. Burning and arcing associated with electrical equipment may release various gases and contaminants.

Fire resulting from an electrical fault.

Explain your choice:

There are various dangerous hazards when working with electricity. Looking at the two pictures below, which hazards can can you identify and how could they have been prevented.

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3. PREPARATION

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3. PREPARATION Page 8

It is the current that kills!What do you think is the main message of the above statement? Is this not simplifying it too much? Explain in your own words.

Explain what you understand the meaning of the underlined words to be. Can you see a correlation to the statement above?

Electric Current (1 second contact) Physiological Effect

1 mA Threshold of feeling, tingling sensation.

5 mA Accepted as maximum harmless current

10 - 20 mA Beginning of sustained muscular contraction

100 - 300 mA Ventricular fibrillation, fatal if continued.

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Sustained ventricular contraction followed by normal heart rhythm. (defibrillation). Temporary respiratory paralysis and possibly burns.

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3. PREPARATION

Questions I want to ask in class...

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4. THEORY

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4. Theory

Underpinning KnowledgeThe Underpinning Knowledge section is made up of the detailed description of what you should know and be able to do at the end of the Learning Project.

The lecturer will lead you through a process during which you will deal with these topics.

The work assignments and assessments are designed to test your understanding of the various topics.

NOCC Learning Requirements

Practical Skills Modules ContentApprentices must be able to do/perform the following (hard and soft) skills:

Planning/ Preparation

• Identify the different electrical faults from given scenarios

• Determine the name, key purpose, main area of application of different protection devices as well as their functionality

• Identify potential electrical hazards/dangers from given scenarios

• Analyse and list the potential dangers of electricity to the human body

Implementation/ Execution

• Apply knowledge of direct and indirect contact and list the respective protection measures for prevention

• List the components of protection systems

• Explain the advantages of the different protective devices under consideration of safety, economy and accuracy aspects

• Identify electrical injuries and explain relevant first aid measures

• Assess existing electrical installation for protection devices

• Explain the principle of selectivity

• Determine protection device characteristics based on data sheets

Evaluation/ Documentation

• Evaluate work results against model answers

• Clean up and restore workstation

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4. THEORY

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Underpinning Knowledge Modules Content Knowledge of:

• Overcurrent protection

• Earth fault protection

• Protection devices related to all of the above (e.g. fuses, circuit breakers, earth leakage unit three and single phase, isolator etc.)

• Dangers of electricity and effects on the human body

• Hazards and risks in an electrical installation

• Protection against direct and indirect contact

• Protection against overload and short circuit current

• Potential hazards related to protection devices and components

• Probable causes of fault and appropriate corrective methods

• Events that lead to system failure

• Safety procedures required to repair protection devices and components

• Review of LA 1 LP7 in relation to injuries and first aid measures

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5. Practical Work AssignmentsThe aim of the work assignments is to determine whether you understand the information that was presented to you during the previous sections, and to determine whether you have mastered the necessary skills.

Individual assignments also assess your ability to function on your own, to think creatively and to solve problems - individual assignments are marked with this icon:

Apart from everything else, group assignments measure your ability to work in a team, to communicate effectively, to lead and manage when called upon, etc. Those assignments are marked with this icon:

Auxiliary Calculation / Notes:

5. PRACTICAL WORK ASSIGNMENTS

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Work Assignment 1

You are planning to do some basic electrical work in your house. Among other tasks, the work will consist of working with hand and power tools as well as the installation and connection of plugs and light fittings.

Your friends and brother will be present to assist you. Before starting with the job, you have to:

1.1

Explain to them the basic dangers of electricity. Especially emphasise the danger they will be exposed to while performing the work mentioned above.

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1.2

Make a list of all tools, instruments and Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) you consider to be the minimum required for the job.

Explain the use of each piece of PPE in detail and explain the primary danger each piece of equipment will be protecting you against.

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1.3

You are busy changing a broken light switch - see picture on the right.

While changing the switch, your brother asks you to explain the difference between indirect- and direct contact.

Use a small sketch to illustrate the difference to him. Indicate the human body, the conductor, the equipment and the possible flow of the current in your sketch.

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Work Assignment 2ScenarioWhile you are busy with your installation at home, your neighbour asks you to have a look at the electrical installation at her place.

As she is about to put her house on the property market, she wants to make sure that the electrical wiring complies with all standards and regulations.

You agree to inspect the distribution board (see picture below) and advise on the correct use of protective devices.

Task 2.1

According to SANS 10142-1,

'protective devices shall operate at currents and voltages and within periods of time that are related to the characteristics of the circuit that they serve.

The type of protective device needed shall be determined in accordance with its function, which can be to protect the circuit against the following:

• overcurrent:

- overload current and

- short-circuit current

• single phasing

• earth fault current

• overvoltage

• undervoltage

• incorrect phase rotation

• fire risk'

1 2 3 4 5 6

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Pair the devices 1 - 6 with the fault types listed in the Standard above.

2.2

What is your opinion on the overall condition of the distribution board.

List all relevant points and present those in detail to the rest of the class.


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2.3

As you only recently started with your apprenticeship, you discuss the state of the distribution board and your proposed recommendation with your mentor at work. As he is in a hurry, he only hands you the following supplier catalogue page.

Why do you think your mentor has handed you this specific page?


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2.4

At home, your brother looks at the page and asks you why the device CD241J cost only roughly 1/3 of the price of type AD890J.

Is this a typo error or do you think this is acceptable?

2.5

Looking at the picture of the distribution board on page 16, draw a basic single line diagram including the protective devices needed to meet all rules and standard regulations.


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Work Assignment 3

The Occupational Health and Safety Act, 1993, Explanatory notes on the Electrical Installation Regulations, 2009, states:

(fill in the missing words)

3.1

The user or lessor of an electrical installation, as the case may be, shall be responsible for the ....................................... of the conductors on his or her premises connecting the electrical installation to the point of supply in the case where the point of supply is not the point of control.

3.2

"point of control" means the point at which an electrical installation on or in any premises can be ...................................... by a user or lessor from the electricity supplied from the point of supply, or the point at which a particular part of an electrical installation on or in any premises can be ...................................... where different users occupy different portions of such premises;

3.3

No person may do electrical installation work as an electrical contractor unless that person has been registered as an

3.4

"specialised electrical installations" means electrical installations in -

3.5

Explain the difference between "direct contact" and "indirect contact" in terms of the dangers of electricity:

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6. Assessment

GENERAL PROCESS ASSESSMENT (0 - 10 points per criteria)

EVALUATION CRITERIA

Excellent (9 - 10 points)

Very Good (7 - 8,5 points)

Good (5 - 6,5 points)

Average (3 - 4,5 points)

Below Average (0 - 2.5 points)

Participation

Attitude

Initiative

Creativity

Grasp

Knowledge

Precision

Safety

Assisting

Outcomes

TOTAL

General Process Assessment Result

ELECTRICIAN SAQA 91761Learning Area 1, Learning Project 9

Apprentice name

Apprentice number

6. ASSESSMENT

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WORK ASSIGNMENT 1 (0 - 10 points per criteria)

QUESTION / EVALUATION CRITERIA

TopicEvaluation

(1 - 10 points)

1.1 Detailed explanation on the dangers of electricity

1.2 Detailed tools, instruments and PPE list. Good explanation of PPE use

1.3 Detailed sketch illustrating the difference between direct- and indirect contact

TOTAL

Work Assignment 1 Result (Total / 0,3)WORK IN PROGRESS

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6. ASSESSMENT

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TopicEvaluation

(1 - 10 points)

2.1 Correct pairing of devices with fault types

2.2 Complete description of the condition of the distribution board

2.3 Correct understanding of the use of the catalogue page

2.4 Correct explanation regarding the cost of the device

2.5 Correct illustration of protective devices

TOTAL

Work Assignment 2 Result (Total / 0,5)



TopicEvaluation

(1 - 10 points)

3.1 Correct completion of sentences in terms of the OHSA Explanatory notes on the Electrical Installation Regulations, 2009



3.4 Correct listing of specialised electrical installations

3.5 Correct explanation of the difference between direct and indirect contact

TOTAL

Work Assignment 3 Result (Total / 0,5)

TOTAL LEARNING AREA 1 LEARNING PROJECT 9 (0 - 10 points per criteria)

EVALUATION CATEGORY

TopicResult

(Base 100)

1 General Process Assessment

2 Work Assignment 1

3 Work Assignment 2

4 Work Assignment 3

5 General Evaluation

TOTAL

Result Learning Area 1 Learning Project 9 (Total / 0,5)

GENERAL EVALUATION (0 - 10 points per criteria)


TopicEvaluation

(1 - 10 points)

G.1 Understands the dangers posed by electricity

G.2 Understands First Response Procedures in terms of electrical accidents

G.3 Understands the functions and use of electrical protection devices

G.4 Understand the importance and use of PPE

TOTAL

General Evaluation Result (Total / 0,4) WORK IN PROGRESS

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ASSESSMENT RESULTS

Total Score Learning Area 1

Learning Project 9

SCORE COMPETENT NOT YET COMPETENT

Strong / Weak Areas

Suggested Remedial Effort

General Comments (Lecturer)

General Comments (Apprentice)

Sign (Lecturer)

Date Name & Surname Lecturer Signature

Sign (Apprentice)

Date Name & Surname Apprentice Signature

6. ASSESSMENT

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7. Further Development Collect a few of your colleagues or friends. Together, go through the prescribed drills for a wide number of injuries, and practise these.

Now create scenario's for each other, where the person that has to solve the problem is presented by a problem that he/ she has not prepared for. Evaluate the speed, efficiency and calmness with which the individuals perform their actions.

7. FURTHER DEVELOPMENT

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8. WORKPLACE EXPERIENCE

8. Workplace Experience Assess the following at work:

To what extent do employees (i) adhere to safety regulations, (ii) stay aware of electrical dangers, and (ii) wear appropriate Personal Protective Equipment (PPE).

Give a general report on your assessment to the manager.

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SAQA 91761 - skills-green-economy.org

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