Sangwon Suh Dept. Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering University of Minnesota.
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Transcript of Sangwon Suh Dept. Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering University of Minnesota.
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Sangwon SuhSangwon Suh
Dept. Bioproducts and Biosystems Dept. Bioproducts and Biosystems EngineeringEngineering
University of MinnesotaUniversity of Minnesota
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Ethanol mandates
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0
5
10
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Senate objectives on advanced biofuel production (billions of gallons)
Senate objectives on conventional biofuel production (billions of gallons)
Biofuel production statistics (billions of gallons)
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Where the water is used?Where the water is used?
Source: Delta-T corp.
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MN ethanol plants’ water use rate
Source: DNR (2006) and own data collected
Wat
er u
se /
eth
anol
pro
ducti
on
(gal
lon/
gallo
n)
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Where the water come from?
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Facility CountyEthanol Capacity Reported Annual Water Usage (MGY)
MGY1 wells (owned) well (public) surface (owned) surface (public) others
AlbertLea(Exol/Agri resources) Freeborn 41 205 0
Atwater(BushmillsEthanol) Kandiyohi 48 200
Benson(CVEC) Swift 46 160 0 0 0 0
BinghamLake(Ethanol2000) Cottonwood 35 0 129 0 0 0
BuffaloLake(MN energy) Renville 19 88.5
Claremont(Al-Corn) Dodge 38 146.6 16
GraniteFallsEnergy Yellow Medicine 48 0.15 15.2 108.4 0 6
HeronLakeBioenergy Jackson 50 210
LakeCrystal Blue Earth 54 230
LittleFalls(CMEC) Morrison 22 0 88.75 0 0 0
Luverne(Corn-erStone) Rock 22 95
Marshall(ADM)* Lyon 40 0 469 0 0 0
Melrose(DairyProteins) Stearns 3 12
Morris(DENCO) Stevens 25 152.4
Preston(Pro-Corn) Fillmore 42 165
Winnebago(Corn Plus) Faribault 47 135 0 0 0 0
Winthrop(Heartland) Sibley 100 90 200
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Comparing with state total Bi
llion
Gal
lons
per
yea
r (in
yea
r 20
07)
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Water-intensive industry?
Estimations based on water use, water price, and ethanol production data (own data collected; Smith et al., 2008; Dept. public health, 2008; DNR, 2007)
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Demand: Ethanol Water FootprintApproximately 9.6 trillion gallons of water were
appropriated by the U.S. ethanol industry in 2007
806 billion gallons: irrigated water from aquifers
475 billion gallons: irrigated water from surface
water sources
26 billion gallons: ethanol facilities process water
(mostly groundwater).
Water appropriation for ethanol industry is
equivalent to 10% of Mississippi River’s annual flow
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Comparing EtOH Water Appropriation
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Source Water
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Multidisciplinary EffortsTwo testimonials to Legislative Citizens
Commission for Minnesota Resources (LCCMR).
Substantial media coverage on the issue, but
often with conflicting information.
Two new projects: (1) from LCCMR, (2)
USDA/DOE.
Meeting with John Wells – various activities
around the issue across MN.
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Serial MeetingsWe’ll continually arrange integrated meetings
How the issue is perceived by the expert groups?
What can we do as a group of experts to better inform the general public and policy makers on water implications of energy industry development?
What are the knowledge/data gaps to better understand the issue?
Is there a common methodological/modeling ground for analysis?
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Objectives of the MeetingsInformation/perspective sharing
Ongoing activities by various institutions around MN.Available data and resources.Modeling frameworks.Water implications of biofuel development in general.Key knowledge/data gaps.
Discuss possible consensus buildingCommon methodological/modeling ground.The current state and the future prospects of water
implications of ethanol development.
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Our overall observationWater use by biofuel conversion processes does not seem
to be a major threat for MN water resource at the state-level.
At a local level, however, water use by biofuel plant can be a problem depending on the ground water availability and public water supply capacity of the area.
Broad range of cost-effective water conservation measures should be discussed in all areas of water use (not only in biofuel conversion processes).
Standardized data, model and analytical method to determine location-specific water availability will be helpful to site biofuel plants considering water availability.