San Diego Bay - sdbayinrmp.orgsdbayinrmp.org/SDBayINRMP2007/SpeciesHabitats.pdf · E-4 Species and...

San Diego BayIntegrated Natural Resources Management Plan Preliminary Draft

Appendix E: Species and Their Habitats

E-2 Species and Their Habitats

June 2007 San Diego Bay

Species and Their HabitatsE-3

Integrated Natural Resources M

anagement Plan Prelim

inary Draft

June 2007

Table E-1. San Diego Bay plant species and their habitats.

SPECIES HABITAT

Subtidal Intertidal Upland

Exot

ic

Scientific Name Common Name Dee

p Su

btid

al

(Har

d /

Soft

Sub

stra

te)

Sha

llow

Sub

tida

l

(Har

d /

Soft

Sub

stra

te)

Inte

rtid

al R

ocky

Inte

rtid

al S

and

y

Inte

rtid

al M

udfla

t

Salt

Mar

sh

Arti

ficia

l Stru

ctur

es

Upla

nd Tr

ans

ition

al

Dun

e

Fres

hwa

ter M

ars

h

Ripa

rian

Dist

urbe

d

Notes

HS

SS HS

SS

ALGAEChlorophyta Green Algae

Bryopsis corticulans

Derbesia marina

Chaetomorpha linum mat forming; opportunisticCladophora sp. mat forming; opportunistic; attached to artificial substrateEnteromorpha sp. mud sediment surface; attached to artificial substrateUlva expansa sea lettuce mat forming; opportunisticPhaeophyta Brown AlgaePorphyra perforta attached to piling surfaces or on hard, man made substrates at base of pilingsDictyota flabellata rocky bottomEctocarpus spp. rocky bottomFucaceae sp. drift algae on bottomSargassum agarhianum rocky bottomSargassum palmeri mud sediment surfaceColpomenia sinuosa rocky bottomRhodophyta Red AlgaeAglaothamnium cordatum rocky bottomAntithamnion sp. attached to fixed object or plant; mud sediment surfaceCallithamnion sp. A attached to piling surfaces or on hard, man-made substrates at base of pilingsCeramium eatonian mat forming; opportunisticGriffithsia furcellata only in clear quiet waterGriffithsia pacifica micro algae; rocky bottomTiffaniella snyderae psammophytic; mat forming; opportunisticDaysa sinicola var. abyssicola microalgae; rocky bottomDaysa sinicola var. californica microalgae; rocky bottom; succession mat Gelidium sp. A mud sediment surfaceGelidium nudifrons mat forming; opportunisticGigartina sp. Turkish towel mat forming; opportunisticGracilaria lemaneiformis mat formingGracilaria pacifica mud sediment surface

E-4Species and Their Habitats

June 2007San D

iego Bay

Hypnea valentiae

Plocamium sp. attached to piling surfaces or on hard, man-made substrates at base of pilings; drift algae on bottom

Polysiphonia bajacali attached to fixed object in shallow subtidalPolysiphonia pacifica attached to fixed objects or plants; rocky bottomPterochondria woodii var. pymaea opportunisticRhodymenia sp. rocky bottomSarcodiotheca gaudichaudii mud sediment surface

PLANTS—DICOTS Jepson description

* Mesembryanthemum crystallinum

ice plant coastal bluffs, disturbed groundcommon

* Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum little ice plant coastal bluffs, margins of saline wetlands; uncommon* Schinus molle California pepper tree washes, slopes, abandoned fields;

Jepson lists exotic* Foeniculum vulgare sweet fennel roadside waste places; invasive and abundant

Amblyopappus pusillus coast weed coastal dunes, beaches, headlandsArtemisia californica California sagebrush coastal sage near coastBaccharis sarothroides chaparral broom gravely sandy washes, roadsides

* Centaurea melitensis star thistle disturbed fields, open woods; uncommon* Chrysanthemum carinatum tricolor chrysanthemum waste ground* Cotula coronopifolia brass buttons saline and freshwater marshes; common

Heterotheca grandiflora telegraph weed disturbed area, dune, dry river bedIsocoma menziesii golden bush landward side of dunes, hillsides, arroyosJaumea carnosa jaumea coastal salt marshPluchea sericea arrow weed stream beds, washes, some saline; stabilizer; invasive Batis maritima saltwort salt marshHeliotropium curassavicum Chinese parsley moist to dry saline soils; stabilizer; invasiveHutchinsia procumbens alkaline flats, saline seeps

* Lobularia maritima sweet alyssum waste placesCardionema ramosissimum tread lightly sandy beaches, dunes, bluffsSpergularia marina salt marsh sand-spurrey sandy coasts, salt marshes

Table E-1. San Diego Bay plant species and their habitats. (Continued)

SPECIES HABITAT


Exot

ic


p Su

btid

al

(Har

d /

Soft

Sub

stra

te)

Sha

llow

Sub

tida

l

(Har

d /

Soft

Sub

stra

te)

Inte

rtid

al R

ocky

Inte

rtid

al S

and

y

Inte

rtid

al M

udfla

t

Salt

Mar

sh

Arti

ficia

l Stru

ctur

es

Upla

nd Tr

ans

ition

al

Dun

e

Fres

hwa

ter M

ars

h

Ripa

rian

Dist

urbe

d

Notes

HS

SS HS

SS




inary Draft

June 2007

Atriplex canescens salt bush clay to gravelly flats* Atriplex lindleyi salt bush open disturbed* Atriplex semibaccata Australian salt bush waste places

Atriplex truncata salt bush alkaline soils, flatsAtriplex watsonii Watson salt bush sand dunes, salt marshesSalicornia bigelovii animal pickleweed salt marshesSalicornia europaea salt flat annual pickleweed salt marsh, alkaline flat; stabilizerSalicornia subterminalis glasswart salt marsh, alkaline flat; stabilizerSalicornia virginica pickleweed salt marsh, alkaline flat; stabilizer

* Salsola kali Russian thistle not listed in JepsonSuaeda californica California sea-blite margins of coastal salt marshCressa truxillensis alkali weed saline and alkaline soil; invasiveCrassula connata pygmy weed open areas; locally abundantCuscuta salina salt marsh dodder marshes, flats, ponds; commonLotus nuttallianus beach lotus beaches, coastal scrub, urban weedy; rareLotus strigosus coastal scrub, disturbed areasFrankenia palmeri yerba reuma alkali flats, dunes, coastal marsh; rare in CAFrankenia salina alkali heath salt marsh, alkali flatsSalvia mellifera black sage coastal sage scrub, chaparral; stabilizerCamissonia cheiranthifolia beach evening primrose sandy slopes, flats, dunesCamissonia cheiranthifolia suf-fruticosa

sandy slopes, flats, dunes

Limonium californicum sea lavender coastal strand, salt marsh, beaches, bays, stabilizerEriogonum fasciculatum California buckwheat dry slopes, washes, scrub canyonsEriogonum parvifolium dunes, sea bluffsNemacaulis denudata thread stem coastal strand, desert scrub, sandy

* Rumex crispus curly dock disturbed places; abundantSalix lasiolepis arroyo willow shores, marshes, meadows, bluffs; stabilizer; invasiveCordylanthus maritimus mariti-mus

salt marsh bird’s-beak federally endangered; coastal salt marsh

* Nicotiana glauca tree tobacco open disturbed flats


SPECIES HABITAT


Exot

ic


p Su

btid

al

(Har

d /

Soft

Sub

stra

te)

Sha

llow

Sub

tida

l

(Har

d /

Soft

Sub

stra

te)

Inte

rtid

al R

ocky

Inte

rtid

al S

and

y

Inte

rtid

al M

udfla

t

Salt

Mar

sh

Arti

ficia

l Stru

ctur

es

Upla

nd Tr

ans

ition

al

Dun

e

Fres

hwa

ter M

ars

h

Ripa

rian

Dist

urbe

d

Notes

HS

SS HS

SS


June 2007San D

iego Bay

* Tamarix sp. tamarisk often in saline habitats

PLANTS—MONOCOTSJuncus acutus spiny rush salt marshes, saline seeps; stabilizerTriglochin maritima arrow grass marshes, saline-alkaline margins and mud; stabilizerYucca schidigera Mohave yucca chaparral, creosote scrub, dry

* Bromus madritensis rubens red brome open disturbed* Cortaderia jubata Pampas grass disturbed sites, coastal habitat; invasive

Distichlis spicata salt grass salt marsh, moist alkaline stabilizing; invasive* Hordeum murinum sterile barley moist disturbed

Parapholis incurva sickle grass salt marsh above highest tide; Jepson lists exotic* Polypogon monspeliensis rabbit foot grass moist places, along streams, ditches

Spartina foliosa cordgrass salt marsh, mud flatsRuppia maritima ditch grass marshes, ponds, sloughs; stabilizer

* Typha domingensis southern cattail marshes; Jepson lists not exoticTypha latifolia common cattail marshes, ponds, lakesZostera marina eelgrass shallow water, bays, estuaries


SPECIES HABITAT


Exot

ic


p Su

btid

al

(Har

d /

Soft

Sub

stra

te)

Sha

llow

Sub

tida

l

(Har

d /

Soft

Sub

stra

te)

Inte

rtid

al R

ocky

Inte

rtid

al S

and

y

Inte

rtid

al M

udfla

t

Salt

Mar

sh

Arti

ficia

l Stru

ctur

es

Upla

nd Tr

ans

ition

al

Dun

e

Fres

hwa

ter M

ars

h

Ripa

rian

Dist

urbe

d

Notes

HS

SS HS

SS




inary Draft

June 2007

Table E-2. San Diego Bay invertebrate species and their habitats.

SPECIES HABITAT

Exot

ic

Scientific Name Common Name Eelg

rass

Unco

nsol

i-d

ated

Sed

i-m

ent

Hard

Sub

stra

te

Arti

ficia

l Har

d

Subs

trate

NotesPHYLUM PORIFERA

Halichondria panicea epifauna on pilings and floats* Haliclona sp. haliclonid sponge protected places on rocks, floating docks and tide pools; from midtidal zone to 20 ft (6 m) deep

Hymenicidon sp. epifauna on pilings and floatsTetilla mutabilis wandering sponge on surfaceLeucosolenia sp. epifauna on pilings and floatsEsperiopsis originalis digitate sponge

PHYLUM CNIDARIA* Obelia sp. epifauna on pilings and floats

Aglaophenia sp. ostrich plume hydroid epifauna on pilings and floatsPlumularia sp. plumarid hydroid epifauna on pilings and floatsTubularia sp. naked hydroid attached to almost any solid object continuously submerged in shallow water; commonly found on boat hulls

* Tubularia croceaCorymorpha palma white hydroidEpiactis prolifera proliferating anemone attached to rocks, large algae, and eelgrass; from between high and low tide line to 30 ft (9 m) deep Diadumene franciscana anemoneDiadumene cf. leucolena anemoneCerianthus (nr) aestuari burrowing anemoneEdwardsiella californica burrowing anemoneHarenactis attenuata burrowing anemonePachycerianthus fimbriatus mud tube anemoneRenilla kollikeri sea pansyScolanthus sp. anemone

PHYLUM PLATYHELMINTHESPolyclad spp. flatworms both subtidal and intertidal

PHYLUM NEMERTEANemertena spp. both subtidal and intertidal

PHYLUM ASCHELMINTHESNematode spp. both subtidal and intertidal

PHYLUM SIPUNCULASipunculid sp.

PHYLUM ANNELIDAOligochaete spp. oligochaete both subtidal and intertidalAmpharete labrops ampharetidAmpharetidae spp. ampharetidAmphicteis scaphorbranchia ampharetidArabella semimaculata arabellid


June 2007San D

iego Bay

Arabella sp. arabellidDrilonereis falcata minor arabellidDrilonereis mexicana arabellidCapitata ambiseta capitellid

* Capitella capitata capitellidCapitellidae spp. capitellidHeteromastus sp. capitellidMediomastus acutus capitellidMediomastus ambiseta capitellidMediomastus californiensis capitellidMediomastus sp. capitellidNeomediomastus sp. capitellidNotomastus cf. lineatus capitellidNotomastus tenuis capitellidScyphoproctus oculatus capitellidScyphoproctus spp. capitellidChaetopterus variopedatus parchment tube wormCaulleriella sp(p.) cirratulidChaetozone cf. corona cirratulidChaetozone cf. setosa cirratulidChaetozone cf. spinosa cirratulidCirratulidae, unidentified cirratulidCirratulus sp(p.) cirratulidCirriformia luxuriosa cirratulidCirriformia spriabranchiata cirratulidCirriformia tentaculata cirratulidTharyx parvus cirratulidTharyx sp. A.B. cirratulidCossura candida cossuridCossura pygodactylata cossuridCossura sp. cossuridCtenodrilus serratus ctenodrilidDorvillea articulata dorvilleidDorvillea longicornis dorvilleidDorvillea rudolphii dorvilleidOphryotrocha puerilis dorvilleidSchistomeringos longicornis dorvilleidLysidice sp. eunicidLysippe labiata eunicid

Table E-2. San Diego Bay invertebrate species and their habitats. (Continued)

SPECIES HABITATEx

otic


rass

Unco

nsol

i-d

ated

Sed

i-m

ent

Hard

Sub

stra

te

Arti

ficia

l Har

d

Subs

trate

Notes




inary Draft

June 2007

Marphysa dysjuncta eunicid* Marphysa sanguinea eunicid

Marphysa sp. eunicidMarphysa stylobranchiata eunicidBrada pleurobranchiata flabelligeridFlabelligera infundibularis flabelligeridFlabelligeridae sp.A flabelligeridFlabelligeridae sp.B flabelligeridFlabelligerma essenbergae flabelligeridPherusa capulata flabelligeridPherusa cf. neopapillata flabelligeridPherusa sp. flabelligeridStylaroides sp. flabelligeridGlycera americana glyceridGlycera cf. americana glyceridGlycera nana glyceridGlycera rouxii glyceridGlycera tenuis glyceridGlyceridae spp. glyceridGlycinda armigera glyceridGoniada brunnea gonaididGoniada littorea gonaididGoniada sp.(p.) gonaididLumbrineris acuta lumbrineridLumbrineris californiensis lumbrineridLumbrineris erecta lumbrineridLumbrineris latreilli lumbrineridLumbrineris minima lumbrineridLumbrineris spp. lumbrinerid taxonomic status of species of the genus Lumbrineris is very uncertain; many of these species names may be incorrect.Lumbrineris zonata lumbrineridMaldanidae spp. maldanidMalmgreniella macginitiei maldanidNicomache cf. lumbricalis maldanidPraxilella affinis pacifica maldanidNephtyidae spp. nephtyidNephtys caecoides nephtyidNephtys cornuta franciscanus nephtyid

* Neanthes acuminata neriid* Neanthes caudata neriid


SPECIES HABITAT

Exot

ic


rass

Unco

nsol

i-d

ated

Sed

i-m

ent

Hard

Sub

stra

te

Arti

ficia

l Har

d

Subs

trate

Notes


June 2007San D

iego Bay

Neanthes virens neriidNematonereis cf. unicornis neriidNereidae spp. neriidNereis brandti neriidNereis latescens neriidNereis procera neriidDiopatra sp(p.) onuphidDiopatra tridentata onuphidArmandia bioculata opheliidPolyopthalmus pictus opheliidHaploscolopos elongatus orbinidLeitoscoloplos elongatus orbinidLeitoscoloplos pugettensis orbinidNaineris uncinata orbinidOrbinidae spp. orbinidScoloplos acmeceps orbinidPectinaria californiensis pectinariidEteone alba phyllodocidEteone californica phyllodocidEteone cf. lighti phyllodocidEteone dilata phyllodocidEteone sp.(p.) phyllodocidPhyllodocidae spp. phyllodocidSigambra tentaculata PilargiidaeHalosydna brevistosa polynoidHalosydna johnsoni polynoidHarmothoe cf. hirsuta polynoidHarmothoe imbricata polynoidHesperonoe sp (p.) polynoidPolynoidae spp., sp. A.B.C. scale wormChone cf. gracilis sabellidChone cf. mollis sabellidEuchone limnicola sabellidFabicinae sp. sabellidFabricia limnicola sabellidFabricinuda limicola sabellidMegalomma circumspectum sabellidMegalomma pigmentum sabellidSabella crassicornis sabellid


SPECIES HABITATEx

otic


rass

Unco

nsol

i-d

ated

Sed

i-m

ent

Hard

Sub

stra

te

Arti

ficia

l Har

d

Subs

trate

Notes




inary Draft

June 2007

Sabellidae spp. sabellidSabellidae, unidentified sabellidCrucigera sp. serpulidHydroides pacificus serpulidSerpulidae spp. serpulidSthenelais tertiaglabra sigalionidSthenelanella uniformis sigalionidApoprionospio pygmaeus spionidBoccardia spp. spionidBoccardia truncata spionidBoccardiella hamata spionidLaonice cirrata spionidMicrospio maculata spionidNerinides cf. acuta spionidNerinides pigmentata spionidParaprionospio pinnata spionidPolydora cf. cardalia spionidPolydora cf. nuchalis spionidPolydora cf. socialis spionidPolydora cornuta spionid

* Polydora ligni spionid in soft fragile tubes covered with mud and attached to hard objects in protected places on mud and clay bottoms, near low tide line and shallow water

Polydora limnicola spionidPolydora nuchalis spionidPolydora quadrilobata spionidPolydora socialis spionidPolydora sp. spionidPolydora websteri spionidPrionospio cf. heterobranchiata spionidPrionospio lighti spionidPrionospio malmgreni spionidPrionospio pinnata spionidPrionospio pygmaeus spionidPrionospio steenstrupi spionidPseudomalacocerus spp. spionid

* Pseudopolydora paucibranchiata spionidRhynchospio glutaea spionidScolelepis acuta spionidScolelepis foliosa occidentalis spionid


SPECIES HABITAT

Exot

ic


rass

Unco

nsol

i-d

ated

Sed

i-m

ent

Hard

Sub

stra

te

Arti

ficia

l Har

d

Subs

trate

Notes


June 2007San D

iego Bay

Scolelepis tridentata spionidScoleopis quinquedentata spionidSpionidae spp. spionidSpiophanes missionensis spionid

* Streblospio benedicti spionidSternaspis fossor sternaspidAutolytus spp. syllidBrania brevipharyngea syllidBrania spp. syllidEusyllis assimilis syllidExogone cf. molesta syllidExogone lourei syllidExogone uniformis syllidOdontosyllis parva syllidOdontosyllis phosphorea syllidPionosyllis spp. syllidSyllidae spp. syllidSyllis gracilis syllidTrypanosyllis spp. syllidTyposyllis cf. hyalina syllidAmaeana occidentalis terebellidPista alata terebellidPista cf. fasciata terebellidPista sp. terebellidStreblosoma crassibranchia terebellidTerebellidae spp. terebellidTerebellides californica terebellidAphelochaeta monilarisAphelochaeta multifilisAphelochaeta sp(p.)Apistobranchus sp(p.)Diplocirrus sp(p.)Eranno lagunaeEuclymeninae spp. indef.Expolymnia sp(p.)Leitoscoloplos pugettensisLevinsenia gracilisMelinna oculataMetasychis disparidentata


SPECIES HABITATEx

otic


rass

Unco

nsol

i-d

ated

Sed

i-m

ent

Hard

Sub

stra

te

Arti

ficia

l Har

d

Subs

trate

Notes




inary Draft

June 2007

Montecellina dorsobranchialisMontecellina sp. CMontecellina tesselataMyriochele sp. MParamage scutataParougia caecaPholoe glabraPodarkeopsis glabra Podarkeopsis perkinsiPoecilochaetus johnsoniTenonia priops

PHYLUM ARTHROPODA* Aspidochoncha limnoriae ostracod

Asteropella slatteryi ostracodBathyleberis spp. ostracodConchoecinae sp. ostracodCylindroleberis mariae ostracodCylindroleberis sp. ostracodEuphilomedes producta ostracodEuphilomedes carcharodonta ostracodParasterope barnsei ostracodPhilomedes spp. ostracodPodocopidae sp. ostracod

* Redekea californica ostracodRutiderma cf. judayi ostracodRutiderma lomae ostracodSarsiella spp. ostracodSoleroconcha spp. ostracodCyclopoid spp. cyclopoidHarpacticoid spp. harpacticoidParastephos esterlyi copepod

* Balanus amphitrite little striped barnacle on rocks, pilings, and shells in bays and estuaries; from low tide line to 197 ft (60 m) deep.* Balanus tintinnabulum red and white barnacle

Megabalanus californianus red and white barnacle on rocks, pilings, kelps, and other hard-shelled animals; from low tide line to 30 ft (9 m) deep.Chthamalus sp. barnacleCampylaspis rubromaculata cumaceanCumacea, unidentified cumaceanCyclaspis sp. cumacean


SPECIES HABITAT

Exot

ic


rass

Unco

nsol

i-d

ated

Sed

i-m

ent

Hard

Sub

stra

te

Arti

ficia

l Har

d

Subs

trate

Notes


June 2007San D

iego Bay

Diastylis sp. cumaceanEudorella pacifica cumaceanOxyurolostylis pacifica cumaceanAcanthomysis macropsis mysid in water just above unconsolidated sedimentArcheomysis maculata mysid in water just above unconsolidated sedimentHeteromysis odontops mysid in water just above unconsolidated sedimentHolmesimysis sp. mysidMysida, unidentified mysidMysidopsis californica mysid in water just above unconsolidated sedimentMysidopsis intii mysid in water just above unconsolidated sediment Neomysis kadiakensis mysid in water just above unconsolidated sediment Neomysis sp. mysidEpinebalia spp. nebalianNebalia daytoni nebalianNebalia pugettensis nebalianLeptochelia cf. dubia tanaidLeptochelia sp. tanaid

* Tanaid sp. tanaidTanaidacea, unidentified tanaidZeuxo narmani tanaidSchizobopyrina striata bopyridMunna spp. munnidCilicaea sculpta sphaeromid

* Sphaeroma quoyanum sphaeromid Sphaeromatidae sp. seriolidAustrosignum tillerae isopodCirolana harfordi cirolanidParacerceis sculpta isopodParanthura elegans anthuridSeriolis carinata isopodAmpelisca brevisimulata ampeliscidAmpelisca cristata ampeliscidAmpelisca hancocki ampeliscidAmpelisca sp. ampeliscidAmpeliscidae spp. ampeliscidAmphilochidae spp. amphilochidAmphithoe sp. amphithoidAmpithoidae spp. amphithoidAcuminodeutopus heteruropus aorid


SPECIES HABITATEx

otic


rass

Unco

nsol

i-d

ated

Sed

i-m

ent

Hard

Sub

stra

te

Arti

ficia

l Har

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Subs

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Notes




inary Draft

June 2007

Amphideutopus oculatus aoridLembos macromanus aoridMicrodeutopus schmitti aoridRudilembroides stenopropodus aoridCorophiidae spp. corophiid tube forming species

* Corophium acherusicum corophiid* Corophium uenoi corophiid tube forming species

Erichthonius brasiliensis corophiid* Grandidierella cf. japonica corophiid

Dexaminidae spp. desaminidEusiridae spp. eusiridHyale frequens hyalidHyale spp. hyalidHyalidae spp. hyalidIsaeidae spp. isaeidLeucothoe alata leucothoidListriella goleta liljeborgiidListrella spp. liljeborgiidLysianassidae spp. lysianassidOrchomene pacifica lysianassidOrchomene pinguis lysianassidOrchomene sp. lysianassidOedicerotidae spp. oedicerotidSynchelidium rectipalmum oedicerotidSynchelidium shoemakeri oedicerotidPhotis sp. gammaridParaphoxus spp. phoxocephalidParapluestes spp. pleustidPleustidae sp. pleustid

* Podocerus brasiliensis podoceridPontogeneia minuta gammaridPontogeneia rostrata gammarid

* Stenothoe valida stenothoidElasmopus rapax gammaridGammaridae spp. gammaridGammaropsis thompsoni gammaridHeterophoxus oculatus gammaridMonoculodes hartmanae gammaridSynchelidium sp. gammarid


SPECIES HABITAT

Exot

ic


rass

Unco

nsol

i-d

ated

Sed

i-m

ent

Hard

Sub

stra

te

Arti

ficia

l Har

d

Subs

trate

Notes


June 2007San D

iego Bay

Tiron biocellata synophiidCaprella californica California skeleton shrimp on vegetation/zoobotryon; usually above unconsolidated sedimentCaprella equilbra skeleton shrimp on vegetation/zoobotryon; usually above unconsolidated sedimentCaprella mendax skeleton shrimp on vegetation/zoobotryon; usually above unconsolidated sedimentCaprella spp. skeleton shrimp on vegetation/zoobotryon; usually above unconsolidated sediment; eelgrassCaprelliidae spp. skeleton shrimp on vegetation/zoobotryon; usually above unconsolidated sedimentMayerella banksia caprellidEuphilomedes carcharodonta seed shrimpAlpheus californiensis alpheid shrimpAlpheus sp.A., sp. B alpheid shrimpBetaeus harrimani alpheid shrimpBetaeus longidactylus alpheid shrimpBetaeus sp. alpheid shrimpAtyidae spp. decapodCallianassa californiensis red ghost shrimpUpogebia pugettensis callianassid shrimpCrangon franiscorum crangonid shrimpCrangon spp. crangonid shrimpProcessa canaliculata crangonid shrimpHeptocarpus cf. taylori hippolytid shrimpHeptocarpus sp. A hippolytid shrimpHeptocarpus spp. hippolytid shrimpHipployte californiensis grass shrimpHippolyte california hippolytid shrimpHippolyte spp. hippolytid shrimpSpriontocaris sp. hippolytid shrimpPugettia producta kelp crab rocks and pilings from low tide line to 1,427 ft (435 m) deepPyromaia tuberculata decapod

* Palaemon macrodactylus decapodPanulirus interruptus California spiny lobster associated with rock riprap, buoy anchors and other man made objects; at low tide line to moderately deep waterHemigrapsus oregonensis mudflat crab intertidal and subtidal unconsolidated sediment; on mud flats and eelgrass beds between the high and low tide linesPinnixa barnharti pinnotherid crabScleroplax granulata pinnotherid crab intertidal mudflatsUca crenulata fiddler crab intertidal mud flats; in burrows in sandy mud bays near and estuaries near high tide linePortunus xantusi swimming crab swims just above mud, rests on bottomCancer antennarius common rock crab gravel bottoms from between the low and high tide line to 131 ft (40 m) deepCancer anthonyi rock crabLophopanopeus bellus diegensis xanthid mud crab under rocks on mud or sand bottoms; from low tide line to 240 ft (73 m) deepLophopanopeus sp. xanthid crab


SPECIES HABITATEx

otic


rass

Unco

nsol

i-d

ated

Sed

i-m

ent

Hard

Sub

stra

te

Arti

ficia

l Har

d

Subs

trate

Notes




inary Draft

June 2007

Brachyurs, unidentified decapodCaridea, unidentified carideau shrimpHemisquilla ensigera mantis shrimpMalacoplax californiensis mudflat crabNyeotrypaea californiensis decapodPseudosquilla mamorata mantis shrimpSchmittius politus mantis shrimpUrocaris infraspinis decapod

PHYLUM MOLLUSCAActeocina culcitella bubble shellActeocina inculta bubble shellActeocina magdalenenis glassy bubbleCylichna alba acteocinidCylichnella harpa acteocinid tectibranchCylichnella inculta acteocinid tectibranchAelidae spp. aelidAplysia californica California sea hare unconsolidated sediment; sheltered locations; from low tide line to 59 ft (18 m) deep; feed on red, brown, and green algae,

and eelgrassAssiminea californica assimineid snailCaecum californicum California caecumFartulum occidentale caecidCrepidula fornicata gastropodCrepidula onyx onyx slipper shellCrepipatela lingulata half-slipper shellAglaja diomedia tectibranchBulla gouldiana Gould’s bubbleChelidonura inermis large sea slugHaminaea vesicula blister paper bubbleCerithidea californica California horn shell intertidal mudflat/saltmarsh habitatCerithidea fuscata horn shell snail unconsolidated sediment on mudflats and in saltmarshColumbellidae spp. columbellidMitrella carinata dove shellMitrella tuberosa columbellidCollisela depicta fissurellidLacuna marmorata chink shellNassarius perpinguis gastropodNassarius tegula mud-dog whelkNeverita reclusiana gastropodNudibranch spp. nudibranch


SPECIES HABITAT

Exot

ic


rass

Unco

nsol

i-d

ated

Sed

i-m

ent

Hard

Sub

stra

te

Arti

ficia

l Har

d

Subs

trate

Notes


June 2007San D

iego Bay

Olivella baetica olive shellOlivella sp. olive shellTricolia compta banded pheasantOdostomia sp. odostomeTurbonilla sp. pyramidellidAlvinia spp. rissoid snailBarleeia californica rissoid snailBarleeia subtenuis rissoid snailRissoella sp. rissoid snailVitrinorbis diegensis vitronorbisVitrinellidae spp. vitrinellaAclis tectibranch gastropodAcmira catherinae gastropodAcmira horikoshii gastropodAlabina spp. gastropodCrucibulum spinosum cup and saucer limpetOphiodermella ophioderma penciled turret shellOphiodermella spp. turret shellPhiline sp. gastropodSulcoretusa xystrum gastropodTachyhynchus sp. turret shellMactra californica California dish clamSpisula catilliformis narrow dish clamSpisula spp. dish clamPlatyodon cancellatus checked borer

* Geukensia (Ischadium) demissa ribbed mussel* Musculista senhousia Japanese muscle

Mytilus edulis bay mussel* Mytilus galloprovincialis mytilid

Volsella flabellata (Modiolus modiolus) giant horsemusselGari californica sunset clamTagelus californianus jackknife clamTagelus subteres jackknife clamSiliqua lucida solenid clamSolen rosaceus rosy razor clamSolen sicarius razor clamMacoma nasuta bent-nosed clamMacoma secta sand-flat clamMacoma yoldiformis tellinid clam


SPECIES HABITATEx

otic


rass

Unco

nsol

i-d

ated

Sed

i-m

ent

Hard

Sub

stra

te

Arti

ficia

l Har

d

Subs

trate

Notes




inary Draft

June 2007

* Lyrodus pedicellatus southern shipworm* Teredo navalis shipworm* Tapes japonica (semidecussata) venerid clam

Tivela sp. venus clamVeneridae spp. venerid clamAsthenothaerus villiosior clamLaevicardium substriatum eggshell clam

* Theora fragilis clamOctopus bimaculatus two-spotted octopus intertidal, subtidal, unconsolidated sediment, man-madeOctopus bimaculoides intertidal, subtidal, unconsolidated sediment, man-made

PHYLUM ECHINODERMATADendraster excentricus eccentric sand dollar sand, silt, sediment; on sand bottoms of sheltered bays and open coasts; from low tide line to 131 ft (40 m) deepHolothuroidea sp. sea cucumberLeptosynapata albicans Southern California sea cucumberAmphiodia (nr) occidentalis brittle star in sand under rocks, algae, mudflats, and eelgrass roots; from low tide line to 1,214 ft (370 m) deepAmphipholis pugetana brittle starAxiognathus squamatus brittle star unconsolidated sediment; among gravel in tide pools, in crevices and algal holdfasts, on rocky shores; from between the

high tide and low tide line to 2,625 ft (800 m) deepOphiactis simplex brittle starOphiuroidea sp.

PHYLUM PHORONIDAPhoronid spp. phoronid

PHYLUM ECTOPROCTAAmathia spp. bryzoanBowerbankia spp. bryzoanBryzoan spp. bryzoanBugula neritina bryzoanCheilostomata sp. bryzoanCryptosula pallasiana bryzoanThalamoporella californica bryzoanZoobotryon verticillatum bryzoan on surface of unconsolidated sediment, becomes very abundant during summer

PHYLUM CHORDATA* Botrylloides diegensis tunicate* Botryllus schlosseri tunicate* Ciona intestinalis tunicate unconsolidated sediment and piling/float surface* Ciona savignyi tunicate unconsolidated sediment and piling/float surface* Microcosmus squamiger tunicate unconsolidated sediment and piling/float surface


SPECIES HABITAT

Exot

ic


rass

Unco

nsol

i-d

ated

Sed

i-m

ent

Hard

Sub

stra

te

Arti

ficia

l Har

d

Subs

trate

Notes


June 2007San D

iego Bay

* Polyandrocarpa zorritensis tunicate unconsolidated sediment and piling/float surface* Styela canopus tunicate unconsolidated sediment and piling/float surface* Styela clava (formerly barnharti) tunicate* Styela plicata tunicate

Branchiostoma californiense lancelet

Table E-3. San Diego Bay fishes: their habitats and feeding strategies.

SPECIES HABITAT DIET

Scientific Name Common Name

Functional Group/Bay Regiona

Relative Abundanceb

Notes on Habitat Use and Feeding Fish

Aqu

atic

In

verte

bra

teA

quat

ic

Veg

etat

ion

Pla

nkto

n

Exot

ic

Intertidal

noveg veg

Nearshore

noveg veg

Chan-nel

SHARKS AND RAYSCarcharhinus remotus narrowtooth shark open water Galeorhinus zyopterus soupfin shark open water; feed on fish and some squidMustelus californicus gray smoothhound open water; feed on crabs, fishes and shrimpMustelus henlei brown smoothhound open water; feed on crabs, shrimp and some fishMustelus lunulatus sicklefin smoothhound open water Prionace glauca blue shark open water;shallow coastal waters over sand and mud; generally feed on small

schooling fishesTriakis semifasciata leopard shark demersal; over sand and mud in shallow bays and inshore waters to depths of 300 ft

(91 m)Gymnura marmorata California butterfly ray demersal on unconsolidated sedimentHeterodontus francisci California hornshark demersal on unconsolidated sedimentMyliobatis californica bat ray demersal on unconsolidated sediment; shallow, sandy areas in bays and on coasts

to 150 ft (46 m); kelp beds. Platyrhinoidis triseriata thornback demersal on unconsolidated sediment; over sand and mud to depths of 150 ft(46 m);

feed on sand-dwelling worms, snails, clams, crabs, and shrimps; ovoviviparousUrolophus halleri round stingray TOP10EI

N, NC, SC, Sdemersal on unconsolidated sediment; over sand or mud in shallow bays and off coast to 69 ft (21 m). Feed on shrimps, crabs, snails, and clams.

Zapteryx exasperatus banded guitarfish demersal on unconsolidated sedimentSphyrna zygaena smooth hammerhead shark open waterSqualus acanthias spiny dogfish open water; soft bottoms; migratorySquatina californica pacific angel shark demersal, sandy and muddy bottoms from shallow water to 600 ft (183 m); usually feed

on prey such as the California halibutBONY FISH

Albula vulpes bonefish NC, S openwater, shallow waters over soft bottoms; feed on clams, snails, shrimps, and small fishes


SPECIES HABITATEx

otic


rass

Unco

nsol

i-d

ated

Sed

i-m

ent

Hard

Sub

stra

te

Arti

ficia

l Har

d

Subs

trate

Notes




inary Draft

June 2007

Atherinops affinis topsmelt TOP10EIN, NC, SC, S

open water; surface waters near shore, in basy, and around kelp beds; topsmelt mature in two to three years and spawn during the late winter and spring, often over estuaries and mudflats, attaching eggs to kelp and other algae, feed on plankton and algae

Atherinopsis californiensis jacksmelt N, NC, SC, S open waterLeuresthes tenuis California grunion N, NC, SC open water; off sandy beaches to depths of 59 ft (18 m); spawns on beaches at night

during spring high tide; eggs are buried in sand and hatch when the next spring tide occurs

Porichthys myriaster specklefin midshipman demersal on unconsolidated sedimentPorichthys notatus plainfin midshipman demersal on unconsolidated sediment; over sand and mud to depths of 1,200 ft (366 m);

occurs in shallow water during the late spring to spawn; male becomes emaciated while guarding the eggs and young; feeds at night on other fishes and crustaceans

Strongylura exilis California needlefish NC, SC, S open waterHypsoblennius gentilis bay blenny VEGSPP

N, NCon bottom

Hypsoblennius jenkensi mussel blenny on hard structure in association with mussels/barnaclesCitharichthys stigmaeus speckled sand dab demersal on unconsolidated sediment; over soft bottoms to 1,800 ft (549 m); spawns

during the winter; some females spawn twice a seasonHippoglossina stomata bigmouth sole demersal on unconsolidated sedimentXysteurys liolepis fantail sole N, NC demersal on unconsolidated sedimentCaranx caballus green jack open waterCaranx hippos crevalle jack open waterTrachurus symmetricus jack mackerel open water; offshore on surface and at midwater; around reefs and kelp; feed on krill,

squids, anchovies, and lanternfishes; major food source for seals, sea lions, por-poises, swordfishes, sea basses, and pelicans

Chanos chanos milkfish open waterGibbonsia elegans spotted kelpfish VEGSPP

N, NCdemersal on unconsolidated sediment

Gibbonsia montereyensis crevice kelpfish demersal on unconsolidated sedimentHeterostichus rostratus giant kelpfish TOP10EI,

VEGSPPN, NC, SC, S

demersal on unconsolidated sediment; rocky areas with eelgrass, leafy red algae, jointed coralline algae, or kelp beds to depths of 132 ft (40 m); feed on small crustaceans, mol-lusks, and fishes

Parachinus integripinnis reef finspot VEGSPPScorpaenichthys marmoratus cabezon demersel on unconsolidated sediment and hard substrate; rocks and reefs in intertidal zone

and below low tide level to 252 ft (77m)Scorpaena guttata spotted scorpionfish N, NCSymphurus atricauda California tonguefish N, NC demersal on unconsolidated sedimentFundulus parvipinnis California killfish BESPP

NC, SC, Sopen water near bottom

Amphistichus argenteus barred surfperch demersalCymatogaster aggregata shiner surfperch TOP10EI,

VEGSPPN, NC, SC, S

demersal; in bays around piers

Damalichthys vacca pile surfperch demersalEmbiotoca jacksoni black surfperch VEGSPP

NCdemersal; is this the same as the striped seaperch (Embiotica lateralis)

Table E-3. San Diego Bay fishes: their habitats and feeding strategies. (Continued)




Relative Abundanceb


Aqu

atic

In

verte

bra

teA

qua

tic

Veg

eta

tion

Pla

nkto

n

Exot

ic

Intertidal

noveg veg

Nearshore

noveg veg

Chan-nel


June 2007San D

iego Bay

Hyperprosopon argenteum walleye surfperch demersal; surf, over snad, around piers, reefs, and kelp beds, bays up to depths of 59 ft (18 m); breeds October through December, giving birth to between five and twelve young in the spring; feeds on small crustaceans

Micrometrus minimus dwarf surfperch VEGSPPN

demersal

Phanerodon furcatus white surfperch demersalRhacochilus toxotes rubberlip surfperch demersal;reefs, piers, and kelp beds, from shallow bays to 150 ft (46 m); feeds on

shrimp, amphipods, small crabs, and other crustaceansAnchoa compressa deepbody anchovy BESPP

NC, SC, Sopen water

Anchoa delicatissima slough anchovy TOP10EI, BESPPN, NC, SC, S

open water

Cetengraulis mysticetus anchoveta open waterEngraulis mordax northern anchovy TOP10EI, RCSPP

N, NC, SC, Sopen water; spawns during winter and early spring, and the pelagic eggs take only 2–4 days to hatch; schools move large distances up and down the coast; important food source for other fishes, birds, and mammals

Sardinops sagax Pacific sardine TOP10EI, RCSPPN, NC, SC

open water

Girella nigricans opaleye demersal; unconsolidated sediment and hard substrate; shallow reefs and kelp beds to depths of 96 ft (29 m); spawn from April–May and area mature at two to three years; feed on algae and eelgrass, get nourishment from small animals living on the plants

* Acanthogobius flavimanus yellowfin goby SC, S on/in unconsolidated sedimentClevelandia ios arrow goby BESPP

N, NC, SC, Son/in unconsolidated sediment

Gillichthys mirabilis longjaw mudsucker BESPP on/in unconsolidated sedimentGobionellus longicaudus longtail goby on/in unconsolidated sedimentIlypnus gilberti cheekspot goby BESPP


Lepidogobius lepidus bay goby on/in unconsolidated sedimentQuietula y-cauda shadow goby BESPP


* Tridentiger trigonocephalus chameleon goby on/in unconsolidated sedimentHaemulon flaviguttatum Cortez grunt demersalHyporhamphus rosae California halfbeak BESPP

N, NC, SC, Sopen water

Hermosilla azurea zebra perch open waterHalichoeres semicinctus rock wrasse NOxyjulis californica senorita N Reefs and kelp beds to depths of 150 ft (46 m). Feed on small snails, crustaceans,

worms, and larval fishes. Mugil cephalus striped mullet BESPP

Sdemersal on unconsolidated sediment; this species supports the only commercial fishery in the Bay; coasts, estuaries, and fresh water; important food fish that travel up rivers but spawn in the sea

Leptocottus armatus staghorn sculpin N, NC, SC, S





Relative Abundanceb


Aq

uatic

In

verte

bra

teA

qua

tic

Veg

eta

tion

Pla

nkto

n

Exot

ic

Intertidal

noveg veg

Nearshore

noveg veg

Chan-nel




inary Draft

June 2007

Hypsopsetta guttulata diamond turbot BESPPN, NC, SC, S

demersal on unconsolidated sediment; over soft bottoms from6–150 ft (2–46 m)

Paralichthys californicus California halibut TOP10EI, RCSPPN, NC, SC, S

demersal on unconsolidated sediment; over soft bottoms to 600 ft (183 m); important commercial fish

Platichthys stellatus starry flounder demersal on unconsolidated sediment; in bays and estuaries over soft bottoms, and often open coast to 900 ft (274 m); feeds on crabs, shrimps, worms, clams, and small fishes; can tolerate low salininty

Pleuronectes vetulus English sole demersal on unconsolidated sediment; over soft bottoms to 1,800 ft (549 m); migra-tory fish that can travel up to 700 mi (1,127 km); among top three flat fish in terms of pounds caught by commercial trawlers

Pleuronichthys coenosus CO turbot demersal on unconsolidated sediment; over soft bottoms and rocks to depths of 1,140 ft (347 m); probably spawn during late winter and early spring; eggs float near surface

Pleuronichthys ritteri spotted turbot BESPPN, NC

demersal on unconsolidated sediment

Pleuronichthys verticalis hornyhead turbot demersal on unconsolidated sedimentAnisotremus davidsonii sargo open waterXenistius californiensis salema N, NC, SC open waterAtractoscion nobilis white seabass demersal on unconsolidated sediment and hard substrateCheilotrema saturnum black croaker N, NC, SC, S demersal on unconsolidated sedimentGenyonemus lineatus white croaker demersal on unconsolidated sedimentMenticurrhus undulatus California corbina demersal on unconsolidated sedimentRoncador stearnsii spotfin croaker demersal on unconsolidated sedimentSeriphus politus queenfish N demersal on unconsolidated sedimentUmbrina roncador yellowfin croaker N, NC, SC, S demersal on unconsolidated sediment; over sand in surf zone, near rocks or kelp and to 26 ft (8

m) in bays; spawn during summerSarda chiliensis pacific bonito open waterScomber japonicus pacific mackerel N, NC, SC open water; warm coastal waters over continental shelf; schooling fish that feed on

other schooling fish like anchovies and herrings, and also feed on invertebrates Scomberomorus sierra sierra open waterMedialuna californiensis halfmoon demersal; reefs and kelp beds from near surface to depths of 132 ft (40 m); probably

spawn during summer and fall; mature at about two years; feed on small inverte-brates, especially those living amon algae”

* Morone (Roccus) saxatilis striped bass open water; inshore over various bottoms and freshwater inlets; spawns in freshwater.

Paralabrax clathratus kelp bass VEGSPP, RCSPPN, NC

demersal on unconsolidated sediment and hard substrate; reefs, wrecks and kelp beds to 150 ft (46 m); feeds on crustaceans, squids, octopuses, polychaete worms and fishes

Paralabrax maculatofasciatus spotted sand bass TOP10EI, BESPP, RCSPPN, NC, SC, S


Paralabrax nebulifer barred sand bass TOP10EI, RCSPPN, NC, SC, S


Sphyraena argentea California barracuda N, NC open waterPeprilus simillimus pacific butterfishBryx arctos snubnose pipefish demersal mostly associated with vegetation or zoobotryon





Relative Abundanceb


Aqu

atic

In

verte

bra

teA

qua

tic

Veg

eta

tion

Pla

nkto

n

Exot

ic

Intertidal

noveg veg

Nearshore

noveg veg

Chan-nel


June 2007San D

iego Bay

Hippocampus ingens pacific seahorse VEGSPP demersal mostly associated with vegetation or zoobotryonSyngnathus auliscus barred pipefish VEGSPP

N, NC, SC, Sdemersal mostly associated with vegetation or zoobotryon

Syngnathus californiensis kelp pipefish N, NC, SC, S demersal mostly associated with vegetation or zoobotryonSyngnathus exilis barcheek pipefish N, NC, SC, S demersal mostly associated with vegetation or zoobotryonSyngnathus griseolineatus bay pipefish VEGSPP

N, NC, SC, Sdemersal mostly associated with vegetation or zoobotryon; mate in early summer and female deposits eggs in brood pouch of male; feed on small crustaceans

Synodus lucioceps California lizardfish N demersal on unconsolidated sediment

a. Functional Groups: TOP10EI—Top 10 Species in Ecological Index; BESPP—Indigenous Bay Estuarine Species; VEGSPP—Species Closely Associated with Eelgrass; RCSPP—Recreational and Commercial Species.Bay Regions: N—North; NC—North-central; SC—South-central; S—South.

b. Shading of relative abundance in three categories (1-33%, 34-66%, and 67-100%, lightest to darkest respectively) is based on sampling by Allen (1998). Unfilled spaces indicate none or few of that species were captured in Allen’s study.





Relative Abundanceb


Aq

uatic

In

verte

bra

teA

qua

tic

Veg

eta

tion

Pla

nkto

n

Exot

ic

Intertidal

noveg veg

Nearshore

noveg veg

Chan-nel




inary Draft

June 2007

Table E-4. San Diego Bay birds: their diet, status, and habitat.

SPECIES DIET STATUSa HABITAT

Scientific Name Common Name Aqu

atic

veg

eta

tion

Fish

Aqu

atic

Inve

rts

Smal

l Ver

tebr

ates

Scav

enge

Ope

n W

ate

r

Dee

p Su

btid

al

Med

ium

Sub

tida

l

Sha

llow

Sub

tida

l

Sha

llow

Sub

tida

l V

eget

atio

n

Inte

rtid

al R

ocky

Inte

rtid

al S

and

y

Inte

rtid

al M

udfla

t

Salt

Ma

rsh

Salt

Wor

ks

Arti

ficia

l Stru

ctur

es

Fres

hwat

er M

ars

h

Rip

aria

n

Upla

nd Tr

ans

ition

WATERFOWL

Da

bb

ling

Duc

ks

Anas acuta northern pintail WOAnas americana American wigeon WAnas crecca green-winged teal WOAnas clypeata northern shoveler WOAnas cyanoptera cinnamon teal BRAnas platyrhynchos mallard BRAnas strepera gadwall BR

D

ivin

g D

ucks

Aythya americana redhead BRAythya collaris ring-necked duck WMelanitta perspicillata surf scoter WBucephala albeola bufflehead WAythya affinis lesser scaup WBucephala clangula common golden-eye WClangula hyemalis oldsquaw VMelanitta fusca white-winged scoter WVMergus serrator red-breasted merganser WOxyura jamaicensis ruddy duck BR

Gee

se Branta canadensis parvipes lesser Canada goose WBranta bernicla black brant W

G

reb

es

Aechmophorus clarkii Clark’s grebe BRAechmophorus occidentalis western grebe BRWPodiceps auritus horned grebe WPodiceps grisegena red-necked grebe WVPodiceps nigricollis eared grebe WOPodilymbus podiceps pied-billed grebe BR

SHOREBIRDS

Plov

ers

Charadrius alexandrinus nivosus western snowy plover EBRCharadrius semipalmatus semipalmated plover WCharadrius vociferus killdeer BRPluvialis squatarola black-bellied plover W


June 2007San D

iego Bay

S

and

pip

ers

Actitis macularia spotted sandpiper WBAphriza virgata surfbird WArenaria interpres ruddy turnstone WArenaria melanocephala black turnstone WCalidris canutus red knot WCalidris pusilla semipalmated sandpiper MCapella gallinayo common snipe WCatoptrophorus semipalmatus willet WCalidris alba sanderling WCalidris mauri western sandpiper WCalidris alpinia dunlin WCalidris minutilla least sandpiper WHeteroscelus incanus wandering tattler WLimnodromus griseus short-billed dowitcher WLimnodromus scolopaceus long-billed dowitcher WLimosa fedoa marbled godwit WNumenius americana long-billed curlew WNumenius phaeopus whimbrel WPhalaropus lobatus red-necked phalarope MPhalaropus tricolor Wilson’s phalarope MTringa flavipes lesser yellowlegs MTringa melanoleuca greater yellowlegs W

Oth

ers Haematopus bachmani black oystercatcher V

Himantopus mexicanus black-necked stilt BRRecurvirostra americana American avocet BR

Table E-4. San Diego Bay birds: their diet, status, and habitat. (Continued)



atic

veg

etat

ion

Fish

Aqu

atic

Inve

rts

Smal

l Ver

tebr

ates

Scav

enge

Ope

n W

ate

r

Dee

p Su

btid

al

Med

ium

Sub

tida

l

Sha

llow

Sub

tida

l

Sha

llow

Sub

tida

l V

eget

atio

n

Inte

rtid

al R

ocky

Inte

rtid

al S

and

y

Inte

rtid

al M

udfla

t

Salt

Ma

rsh

Salt

Wor

ks

Arti

ficia

l Stru

ctur

es

Fres

hwat

er M

ars

h

Rip

aria

n

Upla

nd Tr

ans

ition




inary Draft

June 2007

SEABIRDS

Gul

ls

Larus argentatus herring gull WLarus thayeri Thayer’s gull WLarus californicus California gull WLarus canus mew gull WLarus delawarensis ring-billed gull WLarus glaucescens glaucous-winged gull WLarus heermanni Heerman’s gull RLarus occidentalis western gull BRLarus philadelphia Bonaparte’s gull W

Te

rns a

nd S

kim

mer

s Rynchops niger black skimmer BRSterna antillarum browni California least tern SBSterna caspia Caspian tern BRSterna forsteri Forster’s tern BRSterna hirundo common tern MSterna nilotica gull-billed tern SBSterna elegans elegant tern BRSterna maximus royal tern ROPelecanus erythrorhynchos American white pelican WPelecanus occidentalis California brown pelican ER

Oth

ers Phalacrocorax auritus double-crested cormorant BR

Phalacrocorax pelagicus pelagic cormorant WPhalacrocorax penicillatus Brandt’s cormorant BRGavia immer common loon WGavia pacifica pacific loon WGavia stellata red-throated loon W

MARSH BIRDS

Rails

Fulica americana American coot BRGallinula chloropus common moorhen BRPorzana carolina sora WORallus limicola Virginia rail BRRallus longirostris levipes light-footed clapper rail EBR




atic

veg

eta

tion

Fish

Aqu

atic

Inve

rts

Smal

l Ver

tebr

ates

Scav

enge

Ope

n W

ate

r

Dee

p Su

btid

al

Med

ium

Sub

tida

l

Sha

llow

Sub

tida

l

Sha

llow

Sub

tida

l V

eget

atio

n

Inte

rtid

al R

ocky

Inte

rtid

al S

and

y

Inte

rtid

al M

udfla

t

Salt

Ma

rsh

Salt

Wor

ks

Arti

ficia

l Stru

ctur

es

Fres

hwat

er M

ars

h

Rip

aria

n

Upla

nd Tr

ans

ition


June 2007San D

iego Bay

Hero

ns a

nd E

gret

s

Ardea albus common egret BRArdea herodias great blue heron BRButorides virescens green-backed heron BREgretta caerulea little blue heron BREgretta thula snowy egret BREgretta reufenscens reddish egret WEgretta tricolor tricolored heron WNyctansassa violaceus yellow-crowned night heron VNycticorax nycticorax black-crowned night heron BR

UPLAND TRANSITIONAL BIRDS

Haw

ks, K

ites,

and

Ow

ls

Circus cyaneus northern harrier BRAccipter cooperii Cooper’s hawk BRAccipter striatus sharp-shinned hawk WElanus leucurus white-tailed kite BRFalco columbarius merlin Falco peregrinus peregrine falconPandion haliaetus osprey ROFalco sparverius American kestrel BRAsio flammeus short-eared owl W Athene cunicularia hypugaea burrowing owl BR

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Ammodramus sandwichensis beldingi Belding’s savannah sparrow EBRAmmodramus sandwichensis rostratus Large-billed savannah sparrow WCistothorus palustris marsh wrenLanius ludovicianus loggerhead shrikeEremophila alpestris coast horned larkCeryls alcyon belted kingfisher BR

a. Status Code: B=breeds in county regularly; E=designated as endangered or threatened; M=occurs in county mainly in migration; O=breeds in county occasionally; R=year-round resident; S=mainly a summer visitor; V=vagrant; W= mainly a winter visitor




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Species and Their Habitats E-29

Integrated Natural Resources Management Plan Preliminary Draft June 2007

E.1 References

Audubon National Watch List. Internet website <http://www.audubon.org/bird/watch>.California Department of Fish and Game. 1987. Marine Sportfish Identification. State of Califor-

nia, The Resources Agency, Sacramento, CA.California Department of Fish and Game. 1998. Special Animals. State of California, The

Resources Agency, Sacramento, CA.California Department of Fish and Game. 1998. Wildlife Species Known to Occur in California Table.

Wildlife Habitat Relationship Program.California Department of Fish and Game. 1999. State and Federally Listed Endangered and

Threatened Animals of California. State of California, The Resources Agency, Sacramento, CA.

Carlton, J.T. 1993. Neoextinctions of Marine Invertebrates. Amer. Zool. 33(6):499–509.Crooks, J.A. 1997. Invasions and effects of exotic marine species: a perspective from southern Cal-

ifornia. Paper presented at 1997 American Fisheries Society Meeting, Monterey, CA.Dawson, E. Y. and M. S. Foster.1982. Seashore Plants of California. Berkeley: University of Califor-

nia Press.Department of the Interior. 50 CFR Part 17. 1994. Notice of Review. Endangered and Threatened

Wildlife and Plants; Animal Candidate Review for Listing as Endangered or Threatened Spe-cies. http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-SPECIES/1994/November?Day–15/pr–42.html.

Fairey, R., C Bretz, S. Lamerdin, J. Hunt, B. Anderson, S. Tudor, C.J. Wilson, F. LaCaro, M. Stephenson, M. Puckett, and E.R. Long. 1997. Chemistry, toxicity, and benthic community conditions in sediments of the San Diego Bay region. Final Report, California State Water Resources Control Board.

Jehl, J. R. and A. M. Craig. San Diego Shorebird Study 1969–1970. State of California, The Resources Agency, Department of Fish and Game.

Johnston, R.K. 1989. The response of marine fouling communities to a pollution gradient in San Diego Bay. M.S. thesis, San Diego State University, San

K&AES. 1997. Survey: Plant Species Observed in the Paradise Marsh Study Area. Harbor District Specific Area Plan.

Lambert, C.C. and G.L. Lambert. 1998. Non-indeginous ascidians in southern California harbors and marinas. Mar. Biol. 130:675-688.

Love, M. 1996. Probably More Than You Want To Know About The Fishes of the Pacific Coast. Santa Barbara: Really Big Press.

Manning, J. A. 1995. Waterbirds of Central and South San Diego Bay 1993–1994. Coastal Ecosys-tem Program, US Fish and Wildlife Service, Carlsbad, CA.

Michael Brandman Associates, Inc. 1990. South SanDiego Bay Enhancement Plan. 1990. Pre-pared for San Diego Unified Port District.

Miller, D. J. and R. N. Lea. 1972. Guide to the Coastal Marine Fishes of California. State of Califor-nia, The Resources Agency, Sacramento, CA.

Notable Discoveries by Bird Atlas Volunteers. http://www.sdnhm.org/research/birds/sdbirds.html.

Pryde, P. 1997. San Diego Audubon Sketches.Ricketts, E. F., J. Calvin, J. W. Hedgpeth, and D.W. Phillips. 1985. Between Pacific Tides. Stan-

ford: Stanford University Press.Scatolini, S.R. and J.B. Zedler. 1996. Epibenthic invertebrates of natural and constructed

marshes of San Diego Bay. Wetlands 16(1):24–37.Schoenherr, A. A. 1992. Natural History of California. Berkley: University of California Press.Small, A. 1994. California Birds Their Status and Distribution. Vista: Ibis Publishing Co.Stewart, J. G. 1991 Marine Algae and Seagrasses of San Diego County. California Sea Grant, The

Resources Agency, Sacramento, CA.Takahashi, E. 1992. Invertebrate Communities Associated with Natural and Transplanted Eelgrass

Beds in San Diego Bay, California. Prepared for San Diego Regional Water Quality Control Board and The Teledyne Aeronautical, San Diego, CA.

Unitt, P. Breeding Bird Species Accounts. San Diego Natural History Museum site. http://www.sdnhm.org/research/birds/sdbirds.html.

US Navy. 1995. Final Environmental Impact Statement for the Development of Facilities in SanD-iego/Coronado to Support the Homeporting of One NIMITZ Class Aircraft Carrier, vol. 1.

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