Safety Review Strategy: 2013–2016 JFM Consultants Inc. · 2017-11-26 · The Skillman Foundation...

SafetySafety Review Strategy: 2013–2016JFM Consultants Inc.

SkillmanFoundationSafetyStrategyReviewExecutiveSummary

Preparedby

August5,2016

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SkillmanFoundationSafetyStrategyReviewExecutiveSummary

TableofContents

INTRODUCTION&OVERVIEW..............................................................................................................................3OverviewofSkillmanSafetyStrategy.......................................................................................................................3SafetyStrategyReviewObjectivesandMethods.....................................................................................................4

EMERGINGPROGRESSANDOUTCOMES...............................................................................................................5InvestmentStrategyProgressandOutcomes………………………………………………………………………………………………………5

SafePathways.................................................................................................................................................5CommunityEmbeddedPolicing......................................................................................................................5TransformedCommunityCulture...................................................................................................................5YouthViolenceIntervention...........................................................................................................................5

CrimeandVictimizationProgressandOutcomes....................................................................................................5

FACTORSCONTRIBUTINGTOORHINDERINGPROGRESS......................................................................................6

ALIGNMENTANDCOLLABORATION......................................................................................................................8

EMERGINGLESSONSLEARNED.............................................................................................................................8ImplicationsforFunding...........................................................................................................................................9

I. INTRODUCTION&OVERVIEWIn2006,theSkillmanFoundation’scommitmenttochangingoutcomesforchildrenledtothecreationofthe Good Neighborhoods Initiative (GNI), a 10-year, $100 million investment in six Detroitneighborhoods—Brightmoor,Cody-Rouge,Northend-CentralWoodward,Osborn,SouthwestDetroitandChadsey-Condon. Investments and activities were tailored to the needs and priorities of eachneighborhood.However,commontoallsixneighborhoodswasthegoalofensuringthatchildrenhaveclearpathwaystograduatingfromhighschoolleadingsuccessfullivesasadults.Initially,thisgoalwastobeachievedbyfocusingonthreekeyareas:highqualityeducation,youthdevelopmentandcommunityleadership.In2012,withtheunderstandingthatchildrencannotthriveiftheydonotfeelsafeintheirneighborhood, and recognizing thatmovements toward community safety were already taking placeamongresidents,theSkillmanFoundationaddedasafetystrategytotheGNIagenda.WiththegoalofdocumentingtheFoundation’ssafetygrantmakingstrategiesandexamininghowthesestrategiesareplayingoutinthetargetneighborhoods,theSkillmanFoundationretainedJFMConsultingGroup(JFM),aDetroit-basedplanning,evaluation,andresearch firmtoconducta reviewof itssafetystrategyfortheyearsbetween2012and2015.Thisexecutivesummaryprovidesabriefoverviewofthefullreportanditsfindings.TheexecutivesummaryincludesanoverviewoftheFoundation’ssafetystrategyandtheobjectivesofthisreview,abriefsummaryofthefindings,andidentifiesemerginglessonslearned.Thesafetystrategyreviewreflectsallsixoftheneighborhoodslistedabove,butthebulkofresearchisfocusedCody-Rouge,OsbornandSouthwest,basedontheFoundation’sinteresttogainadeeperperspectiveontheimpactofsafetyworkintheseneighborhoods.OverviewofSkillmanSafetyStrategyThe overarching objective of the Foundation’s safety strategy is to increase the actual and perceivedsafetyofchildrenthroughtheengagementandalignmentofefforts,describedabove,ofthebroadcross-section of stakeholders, including critical civic institutions such as the Detroit Police Department andDetroitPublicSchools.The2016goalsoftheFoundation’ssafetystrategyincludethefollowing:Table1:SkillmanFoundationSafetyTheoryofChangeOutcomeIndicators2012-20151)90%ofyoungpeoplefeelsafeontheirwaytoandfromandinsideschool.

2)Incidentsofyouthvictimizationandparticipationinviolentandpropertycrimesintargetedareasarereducedby40%

3)Propertyandviolentcrimesarereducedby40%inthetargetneighborhoods.

4)100%ofdangerousbuildingsalongsaferoutestoschoolswillbeeliminated,byboardingupordemolition.

Investmentsinthesafetystrategywereguidedbyatheoryofchangethatfocusesonfourkeystrategies:Safe Pathways, Community Embedded Policing, Transformed Community Culture and Youth ViolenceIntervention.TheFoundationwasalsoguidedbytwoadditionalelementsimportanttothesafetywork:RestorativePracticeandYouthEngagement.ThesestrategiesandelementsareillustratedinTable2.

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Table2.SkillmanFoundationInvestmentStrategiesandActivitiesInvestmentStrategy Activities&Investments

SafePathways

§ Consistentpatrolsaroundschoolsandyouthprograms§ Clearlyidentifiedsafepathways§ Activeblockclubs§ Blightremoval§ Neighborhoodspecificstrategies

CommunityEmbeddedPolicing

§ Neighborhoodpoliceofficers(NPOs)well-equippedandconnectedtothecommunity

§ CompStatdataavailableandusedtodriveaction§ Neighborhoodspecificstrategies

TransformedCommunityCulture

§ RestorativePracticestraining§ City-widesafetycommittee§ Neighborhoodsafetycommittees§ Neighborhoodspecificstrategies

YouthViolenceIntervention

§ YouthViolencePreventionProgram§ OperationCeaseFire§ Anti-gangactivities§ Schooldisciplinepolicyreform§ Neighborhoodspecificstrategies

RestorativePractice

§ CertificationofBlackFamilyDevelopmentInc.asRestorativePracticesTrainers

§ TrainingofDetroitPublicSchoolprincipalsandteachers,communityorganizationsandpoliceofficersinRestorativePractices

§ ImplementationofRestorativePracticeCirclesinschoolsandcommunitycenters

YouthEngagement

§ AmeriCorpsUrbanSafetyProgram(AMUS)—summeryouthprogram§ DetroitYouthServiceCorps/AMUSservicelearningexperience

(OsbornandSouthwest)§ DetroitPoliceDepartmentrelationship-buildingyouthrallies

SafetyStrategyReviewObjectivesandMethodsInconductingthisreview,theJFMteamdrewfromavarietyofdatasources,includingbothprimaryandsecondarysources.CrimetrenddatawasprovidedbyWayneStateUniversity’sCenterforUrbanStudies(CUS), andExcellent SchoolsDetroitprovideddata from their FiveEssentials (5e survey), amulti-yearstudentsafetyperceptionsurvey.JFMalsoreviewedandanalyzedFoundationdocumentsandmaterials,includinggrantapplications,factsheets,reports,andinternalmemos.Primarydataincludedinterviewswith20keystakeholdersincludingFoundationstaff,granteesandkeyexternalpartners;aswellastwofocusgroups—onewithNeighborhoodPoliceOfficers(NPOs)andonewithyouth.II. EMERGINGPROGRESSANDOUTCOMESIn just the fewyears thatSkillmanhasmade investments in safety,granteesandpartnershavemadesignificantprogress. Thissectionsummarizes thatprogressorganizedbytheFoundation’s investmentstrategies,andalsoprovidesabriefanalysisofthechangesinneighborhoodcrimerates.

TheSkillmanFoundationSafetyStrategyReviewExecutiveSummary|August2016

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InvestmentStrategyProgressandOutcomesSafePathwaysThecreationofsafepathwaystoandfromschool, includingmitigatingstructuralblight,andincreasedpresenceofcaringadultspositionedalongpathwaystoandfromschool,wasevidencedinallthreetargetneighborhoods.Numerouscommunityandcitywidepartnerscollaboratedto identifycommonwalkingroutes,board-upvacantstructures,demarcateandbeautifythoserouteswithclean-ups,paintedsignsandplanters,identifyresidentslivingalongtheroutewhowerewillingtoobservewalkingstudents,andcoordinatemobilesafetypatrolsthatprovidedaddedsecurityduringbeforeandafterschoolhours.CommunityEmbeddedPolicingWithSkillmansupport, theeffortsof theDetroitPoliceDepartment’sNPOs in theGNIneighborhoodsbenefittedfromincreasedresourcessuchascellphones, laptops,businesscardsandinformativedoorhangerstodistributetoresidentsandbusinessowners.TheincreasedpresenceofNPOsledtoagrowingtrust among residents and business owners in their ability to address community needs. The NPOsbecameactiveparticipantsincommunityeventsandleadyouthprograms(i.e.CITICamp),creatingmorepositive experiences for individuals who may have otherwise had negative associations with policeofficers.TransformedCommunityCultureThis strategy is evolving slowly, but is progressing. Residents are beginning to feel that they have animportant role toplay inaddressingneighborhood safety, and there is agrowing sense that they canchangethetrajectoryofcrimeintheirneighborhoods.PartnerssuchasBlackFamilyDevelopmentandLifeRemodeledhavecontributedtoanincreaseinblockgroupsandresidentinvolvementincommunitysafetyandbeautificationactivities,includinglarge-scaleneighborhoodclean-upeventsinCodyRougeandOsbornandexpandedandstrategicallycoordinatedresidentsafetypatrols.

YouthViolenceInterventionProgresswasalsoevidentintheengagementofyouthandyoungadults.Forexample,acrossthecity,Ceasefirehasofferedapathforyoungadultsandadultstotransitionoutofaganglifestylethroughaprogramthat includescommunitypartnerswhocanalsoprovidemuch-neededsocial supports.Youthhavealsobeenengagedinprogramsthatallowthemtoactasleadersintheircommunity,suchasthroughtheDetroitYouthViolencePreventionInitiativeinCodyRougeandOsborn,andtheCodyRougeYouthCouncil.Centers,suchasDonBoscoHallinCodyRougeoffercriticalsafehavensforneighborhoodyouth.However,progressnotwithstanding,itisclearthatyouthviolenceisachallengethatwillrequiresustainedcommitmentandresources.CrimeandVictimizationProgressandOutcomesCrime-related data have been obtained between 2012 and 2015, the timeframe of when Skillmanimplementeditssafetyinvestments.ManyofthosedatacorrespondtotheTheoryofChangeIndicatorsandarepresentedanddiscussedbelow.Wedidnothaveaccesstothenumberofdangerousbuildingsandsoarenotabletoreportonthatindicator.Thefollowingsectionreportsonthecrimeincidentdataasitrelatestothefirstthreeindicators.

• 90%ofyoungpeoplefeelsafeontheirwaytoandfromandinsideschool.

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Findingsfromthestudentsurveyindicatethat,from2013to2015,thenumberofstudentsineachGoodNeighborhoodwho felt safe traveling toand fromschool increasedeachyear.Overall,over the threeyears, thepercentagesofstudents feelingsafe inside theirschool remainedrelativelyunchanged.TheexceptionisBrightmoor,whichsawadecreasefrom82percentofstudentswhoreportedfeelingsafein2013,comparedto74percentin2015.Atotaloffourneighborhoodssawslightdecreasesinstudentsfeeling safe inside their school, but the others were minor compared to Brightmoor. None of theneighborhoodsachieved90percentofstudentswhofeltsafeontheirwaytoandfromorinsideschool.

• Incidentsofyouthvictimizationandparticipationinviolentandpropertycrimesintargetedareasarereducedby40%

DataontheageandgenderofvictimsineachoftheGNIneighborhoodswasobtained,howeverdataonyouthparticipationincrimeswasnotavailable,soitcouldnotbereportedonhere.Between2012and20151,allneighborhoodsexceptforChadsey-Condonsawreductionsinyouthvictimsages17andunder.OsbornandSouthwestbothsawthehighestreductionsofaround30percent.Despitethedecreasesseeninmostoftheneighborhoods,noneofthemachievedSkillman’stargetof40%.• Propertyandviolentcrimesarereducedby40%inthetargetneighborhoods.DataonpropertyandviolentcrimesintheGNIneighborhoodsshowsreductionsinallPartICrimesbyasmuchas35percent(inBrightmoor).Whileallneighborhoodssawsignificantdecreasesinpropertyandviolentcrimes,between2012-2015,nonereachedSkillman’sgoalofachievinga40percentreduction2.Inthreeof theGNIneighborhoods,stakeholdersplacedspecialemphasisonsmallergeographic“foci”areas around schools where patrols and blight removal activities were more concentrated. In mostneighborhoods, the Foci areas saw greater reductions in property and violent crimes than in theneighborhoodsoverall.III. FACTORSCONTRIBUTINGTOORHINDERINGPROGRESSProgresstowardsafety,bothperceivedandreal,isinfluencedbyfactorsthatbothcontributetoandhindersafety.Inthisreview,thesefactorswereidentifiedthroughinterviewswithkeystakeholders,focusgroupswithyouth3andNeighborhoodPoliceOfficers(NPOs),andSkillmangranteereports,andareoutlinedinthefollowingsection.

ContributingFactorsFactorscontributingtoprogressinsafetywerefairlysimilaracrosseachneighborhoodfocusarea,andarerepresentativeofgranteeeffortsthatduplicatedacrossmultipleneighborhoods:

1Theyearspriorto2012wereoutofthescopeofthisresearch,butcrimedatawerecollectedbySkillmangoingbackto2007,thebeginningofGNI.AttheonsetofGNI,safetyworkhadbeenincludedintheneighborhoods,thoughnotexplicitlysupportedbySkillman.Thus,thoughSkillmandidnotreachitsgoalsbetween2012-2015,since2007,incidentsofyouthvictimizationintargetareaswerereducedbyanaverageof51%acrossallGNIneighborhoods.2Aswithfootnote1,theyearspriorto2012wereoutofthescopeofthisresearch,butcrimedatacollectedbySkillmangoingbackto2007indicatethattheseneighborhoodsexperiencedanaverageof50%reductioninpropertyandviolentcrimes.3YouthfocusgroupparticipantsincludedmembersoftheAmeriCorpsprograminDetroit–allparticipantsweremale,excludingtheperspectiveoffemaleyouth.


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• Stronger Community-Police Relations: Residents and other neighborhood stakeholders are

experiencinganincreasedpresenceandcapabilityofpoliceofficerstoaddressnotonlycrime-relatedincidents,butalsoincidentsrelatedtoqualityof lifeoverall, includingstructuralblight,abandonedvehicles,andneighbor-to-neighbordisputes.

• IncreasedUseandSharingofData:TheavailabilityofdatathroughtheneighborhoodCompStatmeetings helps to drive action toward increasing safety in neighborhoods. In addition to itsavailability,theincreaseduseandsharingofdatastrengthenstheabilitytoidentifytrends,revealalternativemethodstoconfrontcrime,andinfluencesaccountabilityamongmultipleentities.

• Public/Private/Community Partnerships: Partnerships in safety among public, private andcommunitygroupshaveincreasedthroughoutthecity.TheCityofDetroithasdrivenpartnershipsand collaboration with community groups and business owners that align with Skillman’sinvestmentstrategytowardtransformingcommunityculture.

• Building Neighborhood Networks: Skillman’s investments in grantees that foster positiveconnections between differing populations (i.e. youth, senior residents, police officers) havecreatedawiderneighborhoodnetwork.Theseconnectionsinfluenceshiftstowardsharedvaluesin safety and strengthens collective ownership of safety initiatives, helping to also transformcommunityculture.

HinderingFactorsFactorshinderingprogressinsafetywere,again,fairlysimilaracrosseachneighborhoodfocusarea,withsomedifferentiationfoundinSouthwest.Asonekeystakeholderexplained,thefactorshinderingprogressinsafetyaren’taltogetherrelatedtotheinterventionchosentoincreasesafety,yetitisthe“dosage”ofthatinterventionthatneedstobebalancedinorderforittobeaffective.

• Violence and SafetyChallengesRemain:Although violent incidents havedecreasedbasedonreportedcrimedata,violentincidentsinsideschoolsremainhigh.

• Relationship Building Takes Time and Trust: Mistrust still exists among varying residentpopulations,especiallybetweensenior-to-youthandyouth-to-youthpopulations.

• LimitationsinParentEngagement:Investmentinanti-violencecultureandsafetybeginsathome.With some youth experiencing domestic violence issues, parents struggling with their ownpersonalchallengesandeconomicinstability,orambivalenceinadultperspectivesonviolence4,thereistheneedformorestrategicengagementofparentsandothercaringadults.

• LimitedMoral leadershiponCrimeandViolence:There isaneedto increasethepresenceofcitywidemoralleadershiponcrimeandviolenceoutsideoflocalgovernment.Asneighborhoodsarebeginningtoexperiencean increasedpresenceofNPOs,safetyactivitiesandmitigationofstructuralblight,scalingupconsistentandculturallyrelevantmessagingonissuesrelatedtocrimeisneededtoshiftmindsetsoncrimeandviolence.TheuseofRestorativePracticeshasplayedasignificantroleindefiningapathtowardestablishingmorecollaborationandcollectiveleadershipinresolvingcommunityissues.

• InadequateUseandSharingofData:Asmentionedabove,theincreaseduseandsharingofdatafurther justifies theneed fordata tobeaccurate, sufficientandaccessible.There isaneed todesignandimplementmorethoughtfulandtimelystrategiestocollect,analyzeandsharecrimedatawithcommunitymembersandstakeholders.

4Keystakeholderinterviewsrevealedcontradictorythinkingamongadultsonviolence,withsomeadultsencouragingtheuseofviolencetoresolveissues.

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IV. ALIGNMENTANDCOLLABORATIONTheSkillmanFoundationhadaparticularinterestinexploringtheprogressofalignmentandcollaborationamongstakeholders.Factorsthatcontributetoalignmentandcoordinationincludefundingactivitiesthatsupportgreaterrelationshipbuildingbetweendifferentstakeholders,supportinggreatersharingofdata,and greater leadership and implementation of coordination from the City of Detroit’s agencies. Ourresearch found thatbarriers to alignment and collaboration included the lackof time, resources, andmotivation it takestobuildandsustainrelationships; lackof involvementofunderrepresentedgroupssuchasyouth,parents,andthefaithcommunity;andaneedforwillingnessamongleadersatalllevelsofthecitytospeakoutaboutviolenceandprioritizeyouthinthecity.V. EMERGINGLESSONSLEARNEDThrough this analytical review, JFMConsultingGroup identified a number lessons that haveemergedthroughSkillman’sinvestmentsandactivities.Overall,theSkillmanFoundationhasagreatdealbeproudof.Moststakeholdersinterviewedforthisreviewagreethatthereisgreateralignmentofsafetyrelatedactivitiesandincreasedcollaboration.Stakeholdersdescribedincreasedcommunicationandcooperationaroundsafety.OrganizationsalsoreportfeelingbetterconnectedasaresultoftheworksupportedbytheFoundation’s investment, though some respondents reported that alignment and coordination wasstrongeratthebeginning,butrecentlymayhavewaned.There have been enormous gains made in each neighborhood including more access to better andrelevantdata,morecommunityengagementinresidentpatrolsandblightremoval,moreattentiontotheneeds thatyouthhave,andgreater investmentandalignment fromotherorganizationalpartnersandstakeholders to address crime and safety. Additionally, the crime incident data indicates that whereSkillmanhasinvestedinsafetystrategies,thoseneighborhoodsareexperiencingsignificantreductionsincrimeandinyouthvictimization,manyofwhicharegreaterthanthecityoverall.Withcontinuedworkandinvestmentintheseareas,thefoundationthathasbuiltinthesefirstfouryearswillhelpSkillmantomakeevengreaterimpactintheGNIneighborhoods.Withinthisprogressandthesesuccesses,thefollowingsectionalsoidentifieswaysthatthisworkcanbeevenstronger.

A. Whilegainshavebeenmadeinreducingcrime,studentsstillexperienceunsafeconditions.B. UtilizationofcrimedatahasimprovedtargetedsafetystrategiesandevengreaterdataC. accessibilitywouldaugmentandexpandgainsinneighborhoods.D. Stakeholdersaremorealigned,butmorecollaborationcouldincreaseimpact.E. Shiftsincommunitycultureareemerging,andgreaterattentioncouldbegiventochangingthe

culturearound“acceptable”violence,aswellasprovidingeconomicopportunities forparentsandyouth.

F. Continuedrelationshipbuildingbetweendifferentstakeholderswillbreakdownmorebarriers.G. Youth engagement has demonstrated promise for making change, though leadership

developmentandprovidingsaferecreationalandcommunityactivitiesthatprovidealternativestocriminalandviolence.

H. Skillman’smodelhasprovedreplicablewithroomforlocaladaptation.ImplicationsforFunding


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ResourcesAreNeededto Increase“Dosage”. Progress thathasbeenmadecouldbemaintainedandexpandedbyinvestingmoreresourcesintothefollowingareas:

a. SupportAdditionalNeighborhoodPoliceOfficers:TheNPOprogramhasbeenhighlysuccessfulinhelpingaddressresidentqualityoflifeissuesandbuildbetterconnectionsbetweenpoliceandresidents.TheNPOdistrictsaretoolargeandNPOsneedmorestaffingandresourcestobeabletoworkmoreeffectively.

b. SupportsforYouth:Moreresourcesfordirectservicesforyouthincludingprosocialactivities(sports,arts,youthleadership)aswellassupportforemploymentandcounselingisneededtoseeshiftsawayfrominvolvementincrime.

c. Dedicated Neighborhood Coordinators: Neighborhood efforts have been bolstered by thededicationoffundstosupportneighborhoodsafetycoordinators.Continuationandexpansionofthesefundswouldcontinuetoexpandsafetyeffortsinexistingandnewneighborhoods.

d. Blight Removal: To continue to improve environmental safety conditions, more funds areneededtosupportboardingupofandmaintainingimprovementstoabandonedandblightedhomes.

SkillmanFoundationSafetyStrategyReviewFinalReport

Preparedby

August5,2016

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SkillmanFoundationSafetyStrategyReviewFinalReport

TableofContents

INTRODUCTION&OVERVIEW..............................................................................................................................3ABriefHistoryofCommunitySafetyEffortsPriorto2012………………………..………………….…………………………………….4OverviewofSkillmanSafetyStrategy.......................................................................................................................6SafetyStrategyReviewObjectives,MethodsandLimitations.................................................................................8

LimitationsoftheReviewScope.........................................................................................................................8NeighborhoodContextandGrantees......................................................................................................................9

EMERGINGPROGRESSANDOUTCOMES.............................................................................................................10SafePathways.........................................................................................................................................................11CommunityEmbeddedPolicing.............................................................................................................................11TransformedCommunityCulture...........................................................................................................................12YouthViolenceIntervention...................................................................................................................................13ProgressonOutcomes:ChangesinCrimeIncidentsandVictimization.................................................................14

FACTORSCONTRIBUTINGTOORHINDERINGPROGRESS....................................................................................20ContributingFactors...............................................................................................................................................21HinderingFactors...................................................................................................................................................23RestorativePractice................................................................................................................................................26YouthEngagement.................................................................................................................................................26

ALIGNMENTANDCOLLABORATION....................................................................................................................27ProgressTowardIncreasedAlignmentandCollaboration.....................................................................................27

EMERGINGLESSONSLEARNED...........................................................................................................................28ImplicationsforFunding.........................................................................................................................................32

APPENDICES.......................................................................................................................................................33AppendixA:MapofSafetyStrategiesinDetroit....................................................................................................33AppendixB:NeighborhoodSafetySchematics.....................................................................................................34

Brightmoor....................................................................................................................................................34Chadsey-Condon...........................................................................................................................................35CodyRouge...................................................................................................................................................36NorthEndCentral.........................................................................................................................................37Osborn..........................................................................................................................................................38Southwest.....................................................................................................................................................39

AppendixC:ListofInterviewees..…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….40

TheSkillmanFoundationSafetyStrategyReview|June2016

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I. INTRODUCTION&OVERVIEWIn2006,theSkillmanFoundation’scommitmenttochangingoutcomesforchildrenledtothecreationofthe Good Neighborhoods Initiative (GNI), a 10-year, $100 million investment in six Detroitneighborhoods—Brightmoor,Cody-Rouge,Northend-CentralWoodward,Osborn,SouthwestDetroitandChadsey-Condon. Investments and activities were tailored to the needs and priorities of eachneighborhood.However,commontoallsixneighborhoodswasthegoalofensuringthatchildrenhaveclearpathwaystograduatingfromhighschoolleadingsuccessfullivesasadults.Initially,thisgoalwastobeachievedbyfocusingonthreekeyareas:highqualityeducation,youthdevelopmentandcommunityleadership.Understandingthatchildrencannotthriveiftheydonotfeelsafeintheplacestheylive,playandstudy,in2012,theSkillmanFoundationaddedasafetystrategy.TheFoundation’sinvestmentinstrategiesandactivitiesintendedtoincreasesafetyispartofitsoverallinvestmentinbuildingpathwaystosuccessforDetroit’schildren.TheFoundationalsorecognizesthatmovementstowardsafetyweretakingplaceamongresidents,communitydevelopmentpractitionersandotherstakeholderspriorto2012.Theseactivitieswerekeyandprovided thegroundworkwhich informed,aswellasworkedalongside, theFoundation’sinvestmentsinsafety.WiththegoalofdocumentingtheFoundation’ssafetygrantmakingstrategiesandexamininghowthesestrategiesareplayingoutinthetargetneighborhoods,theSkillmanFoundationretainedJFMConsultingGroup(JFM),aDetroit-basedplanning,evaluation,andresearch firmtoconducta reviewof itssafetystrategyfortheyearsbetween2012and2015.Asmentionedabove,Skillmanhadnotinstitutedanofficialsafety component until 2012, however safety efforts had taken place prior to this time. This reportprovidestheresultsofthatreviewafter2012,aswellassomecontextonsafetyeffortsoutsideoftheFoundation’sdirectinvestments.Thereportbeginswithahistoricallensoncommunitysafetymovementsthattookplacepriorto2012tosetthestageforcurrentneighborhoodcapacityinsafetyefforts,andfromwhichtheFoundation’ssafetystrategywas informed, inpart.Next, anoverviewof theFoundation’s safety strategy isprovidedanddescribestheobjectivesofthisreview,aswellasthedatasourcesandmethods.Atablesummarizingkeypopulation and crime data, grantees and key partners by neighborhood provides a context forunderstanding the findingsandobservations included in this report.ThesafetystrategyoverviewandcontextualsummaryapplytoallsixoftheneighborhoodsincludedintheGoodNeighborhoodInitiativeas listedabove.Thebalanceof the report,however, is focusedon threeneighborhoods:Cody-Rouge,OsbornandSouthwest,basedontheFoundation’sinteresttogainadeeperperspectiveontheimpactofsafetyworkintheseneighborhoods.Forpurposesofthisreport,“targetneighborhood”referstothesethreeneighborhoods.Thetwosectionsthatfollowdescribetheactivitiesandengagementinsafetyeffortsandtheprogressandchangetodate,lookingacrossthethreetargetneighborhoodsandorganizedbytheFoundation’sfourinvestment strategies. Restorative practice and youth engagement are of particular interest to theFoundationand,therefore,areliftedupseparatelyinthesesectionsofthereport.AlignmentandcollaborationarecentraltoachievingtheFoundation’sgoalsinthetargetneighborhoods,sothereportincludesasectiondevotedtoexaminingthestrengthsandlimitationsofthesafetystrategyrelativetotheseelements.Finally,aneffortismadetoexplorethefactorsthatmaybecontributingtoand/or hindering progress, identifying any gaps that may exist as well. The report concludes with asummaryofemerginglessonslearned,againlookingacrossthethreetargetneighborhoodsonly.

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ABriefHistoryofCommunitySafetyEffortsPriorto2012ShapingthefoundationofsafetyeffortsacrossthesixGNIneighborhoodsaretheinvestmentsmadebyresidents,studentyouth,communitydevelopmentpractitioners,leadersinthefaith-basedcommunity,andother stakeholders.Thesesamegroupshavemademonumental strides to reinstitutea feelingofsafety forchildrenand families.Morespecifically, inCodyRouge,OsbornandSouthwest,prior to theFoundation’s established safety strategy in 2012, unique practices and socialmovements emerged inaddressing factors contributing to crime (e.g. structural blight, gang violence, drug abuse, and/orunemployment),withsomepracticesstilltakingplacethatareproventobesuccessful.ThefollowinginformationfocusesonsafetyactivitiesthatoccurredinCodyRouge,OsbornandSouthwestneighborhoodspriorto2012.ThiswasinformedbyinterviewswithrespectiveGNIexecutivedirectors,long-timepractitionersincrimeandsafetywork,anddiscussionswithprogramandevaluationstaffattheSkillmanFoundation.CodyRougeIn 2007, theCodyRougeCommunityActionAlliance (CRCAA)helpedestablish theCodyRouge YouthCouncil(CRYC)tosupportneighborhoodyouthinleadershipopportunities.TheCRYCheldacommunityyouthsummitin2008where150kidstalkedaboutthechallengestheyfaceintheneighborhoodandhowtoaddressthemtogether.Onecommunityorganizerreported,“Safetywasoneofthemainchallengesagreeduponbyparticipants,”andfromthis,theCRCAAandtheCRYC,embarkedonalargerstrategytobegintoaddresssafetyconcernsinthecommunity.TheyworkedwiththeDetroitImpactCenter,anearbyyouthcenter,toestablishsafetyambassadorstoconnectwiththeBrothersonPatrol,anexistingresidentsafetypatrol,toshareinformationonhotspotsand expand patrols to areas that youth identified as priorities. Members of the CRYC also helpedneighborhoodblockclubstoengageresidentsinkeepingwatchovertheirstreets,especiallywhenyouthwerearound,andtohelpingidentifyblightedanddangerousproperties.TheCRCAAtookontheissueofblightedpropertiesanddocumentedabout200abandonedandblightedhomesaroundCodyRougeHighSchoolthatposedsafetyhazards,eitherassitesforcriminalactivitiesorbecausetheywerestructurallyunsound.CRCAAandmembersoftheCRYCmetwithmembersoftheDetroitCityCouncil,aswellasStateRepresentativeHarveySantanaaboutwhattheCityorStatecoulddotohelpboarduphomes.CRCAAalsoorganizedneighborhoodbeautificationprojectstohelpimprovethecleanlinessandappearanceoftheneighborhood in targetedareasaroundschoolsandyouthcenters. Forexample, in2009,DetroitsportswriterMitchAlbompartneredwith theDetroit RescueMissionMinistries to conduct amassivevolunteereffortinCodyRouge,resultingin120vacantandblightedhomesbeingboardedup.AnothergoalofthesafetystrategydevelopedbyCRCAAandCRYCwastheneedforunderstandingcrimedata in the neighborhood and safe spaces for youth in the community. CRCAA partnered with theUniversityofMichigan’sSchoolofSocialWorkTechnicalAssistanceCentertoenlistadatainternwho,beforeCompstatwasestablished inCodyRouge,collected,organized,andanalyzedcrimedata in theneighborhood.Toaddresstheneedforsafespaces,theyouthcenteratDonBoscoHallwasestablishedandfocusedonprovidingafterschoolandSaturdayservicesforyouthintheneighborhood.TheSkillmanFoundationhadalreadyinvestedinCodyRougethroughCRCAA,sowhentheFoundationmoreformallyestablisheda funding strategy related to safety, CodyRougewaswell-poised toexpand their existingeffortsandincreasetheirimpact.


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OsbornIn2005,residentsandstakeholdersbeganorganizingtorespondtheincreaseincrimeincidentsandthebig push for citywide curfews during “Angel’s Night” (developed in response towhatwas previouslyidentifiedas“Devil’sNight”,alongtimepracticeonthenightbeforeHalloweenwhereahugenumberofresidentialarsonstookplace).Residentsandleaders intheOsbornneighborhoodidentifiedkeysafetychallengesandwaystoaddressthem.Amongthoseissuesidentified,gangviolenceandstructuralblightwereparticularlydominantfactorsimpedingsafety.Thesetwokeyfactorsfurtherrevealedgapsinafter-school programming for youth, job and educational training for adults and parents, a sense ofconnectedness among residents, and overall problems with land use.While some of these gaps stillremain,successhasbeenmadeincreatingsocialawarenessandaptitudeinsafetyactivities,describedbelow.AddressingGangViolenceandStructuralBlightinOsbornIn2006,theMAN(MaintainingANeighborhood)Networkwasestablishedasa“collaborativeeffortofChurchesintheOsbornCommunitytocreateanetworkofmenthatwilltakearesponsibleroleinthecommunitytoprovidesafety,structure,andsupport.”1 LedbyBishopTonyRussellandPastorValerieRussellofNewCovenantofPeace,oneof their key safetyactivitieswas todevelopa residentpatrol,wherevolunteersconductedmobileandfootpatrolstohelpotherresidents,particularlyyouth,tofeelsafer.MANNetwork patrols utilizing resident volunteers, bothmale and female, continue to supportcrimedecreases,aswellasstrengthenconnectionsbetweenresidents.AreasacrosstheOsbornNeighborhoodtargetedbytheMANNetworkincluderoutestoandfromschooltakenbystudentsoflocalelementary,middleandhighschools.Alongtheseroutes,structuralblightalsocreatedspacesforgangactivityandothercrimestotakeplace.Todetercrimeactivityandincreasethevisualappealforstudents,residentsandvisitorstothearea,resident-ledboard-upsareabestpracticethathasledtootherlandusedevelopments.Forexample,theOsbornNeighborhoodAlliance(ONA)–aneighborhood organization that helps to organize the communities of the east side of Detroit andestablished,inpart,asanessentialcomponenttotheFoundation’sGNI-organizedresidentboard-upssince2006,leadingtotheadoptionofaninitiativecalledLiveinOsborn-acommunitychangeinitiativefocusedonrevitalizationandsafetyimprovementalongaccesscorridorsbysecuringandreconstructingblightedstructures.

Limitedparticipationofyouthincommunityactivitiesandyouthdevelopmentprogramswerealsoseenasadirectcontributortobothgangactivityandyouthviolence.Withtheassistanceoflocal,nationalandinternationalyouthdevelopmentprogramslikeCeasefire,DetroitYouthViolencePreventionInc.(DYVPI)andBuildON(alsoa largecontributor to resident-ledboard-ups),youth inOsbornbegan to findmoreopportunitiestodeveloptheirsenseofcommunityandbeginnewpathstowardsuccess.Additionally,throughapartnershipdesignedbytheOsbornNeighborhoodAlliance,withsupportfromthelocalMatrixCenterand9thPolicePrecinctNeighborhoodPoliceOfficers,amidnightbasketballprogramtookshapein2011.Thesuccessofthemidnightbasketballprogramledtoanadditionalcomponentofboxingthreeyearslater.Theseandothersafetyactivities inOsborn laidthegroundwork inshaping largereffortssupportedbySkillman’sdirectinvestmentsinsafety.1RetrievedfromMANNNetworkwebsiteonJune23,2016.

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SouthwestBeginninginearly2008,SouthwestDetroitwaspartoftheSafeRoutestoSchoolInitiativeandinvolvedinanumberofsafetyrelatedactivities.Forexample,inpartnershipwithMayberrySchool,safetysignagewasposted, indicatingwhetherornotdriverswerespeeding inthearea.Fundingwasalsosecuredtoreplace sidewalks and install ramps in the area. Approximately two years later, in 2010, a similarpartnershipwasformedwithBennettElementarySchool.SafetysignagewasinstalledinthevicinitynearBennett School, indicating the number ofmiles per hour of drivers. New sidewalks and rampswereinstalledaswell.Aboutthesametime,TakingActionPorNuestrosNino’s(TANN),abilingualparentleadershipgroupwasformedwith thepurposeof “taking action for our kids”. Trainingswereprovided to 14 Local SchoolCouncils(LSCs)PTApresidents,coveringtopicssuchashowtorunameeting,butsafetywasalsoidentifiedasakeyissueintheneighborhood.Sevenoftheseschools—Western,Bennett,Clippert,Linus,RobertoClemente,HarmsandAcademyoftheAmericas—wereveryactive.Duringthisperiodthere,duetotheeconomicrecession,manypeoplewerelosingjobsandsoon,theirhomes. This contributed to an increase in the number of house fires in abandoned homes. TANN’sengagementintheschoolsresultedinincreasedawarenessoftheresourcesavailabletoaddresssafetyconcernssuchashowtoreportaburnedhouse.Thisledtotheformationofresidentgroupswhobeganwalkingtheblocksintheirneighborhoodsandtrackingsafetyissues.So-called“blockchampions”wereorganized—parents/residentswhowerewillingtowatchovertwotothreeblocks,includingtheirown,andtrackissuesbyaddress,issuessuchasburnedhouses,squatters,drugdealingandprostitution. Theywouldtakepictures todocumentandtrackhousing issues.Later,afterDugganwaselectedMayor in2013,theseeffortswouldplayamajorrole insouthwestDetroit’sselectionasarecipientoffederal“HardestHit”fundingbecausethedatahadalreadybeencollected.InSouthwestDetroit,asinotherneighborhoods,theseresident-ledsafetyeffortslaidthefoundationforCongressofCommunities,withSkillman’ssupport, to increaseandexpandstrategiestoaddresscrimeandviolence.OverviewofSkillmanSafetyStrategyThe overarching objective of the Skillman Foundation’s safety strategy is to increase the actual andperceivedsafetyofchildrenthroughtheengagementandalignmentofeffortsofabroadcross-sectionofstakeholders—residents, community leaders, neighborhood associations, nonprofit organizations, andcriticalcivicinstitutionssuchastheDetroitPoliceDepartmentandDetroitPublicSchools.The2016goalsoftheFoundation’ssafetystrategyincludethefollowing:Table1:SkillmanFoundationSafetyTheoryofChangeOutcomeIndicators2012-20151)90%ofyoungpeoplefeelsafeontheirwaytoandfromandinsideschool.

2)Incidentsofyouthvictimizationandparticipationinviolentandpropertycrimesintargetedareasarereducedby40%

3)Propertyandviolentcrimesarereducedby40%inthetargetneighborhoods.

4)100%ofdangerousbuildingsalongsaferoutestoschoolswillbeeliminated,byboardingupordemolition.


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Investmentsinthesafetystrategywereguidedbyatheoryofchangethatfocusesonfourkeystrategies,including safe pathways, community embedded policing, transformed community culture and youthviolence intervention. Eachof the investment strategiesare supportedbyanumberof activitiesandinvestmentsthatengageofanetworkofgrantees,communitypartners,residentsandothersineffortstoincreasesafetyintargetneighborhoods.AlloftheinvestmentstrategiesandactivitiesareillustratedinTable2.Table2.SkillmanFoundationInvestmentStrategiesandActivitiesInvestmentStrategy Activities&Investments

SafePathways

§ Consistentpatrolsaroundschoolsandyouthprograms§ Clearlyidentifiedsafepathways§ Activeblockclubs§ Blightremoval§ Neighborhoodspecificstrategies

CommunityEmbeddedPolicing

§ Neighborhoodpoliceofficerswell-equippedandconnectedtothecommunity

§ CompStatdataavailableandusedtodriveaction§ Neighborhoodspecificstrategies

TransformedCommunityCulture

§ RestorativePracticestraining§ City-widesafetycommittee§ Neighborhoodsafetycommittees§ Neighborhoodspecificstrategies

YouthViolenceIntervention

§ YouthViolencePreventionProgram§ OperationCeaseFire§ Anti-gangactivities§ Schooldisciplinepolicyreform§ Neighborhoodspecificstrategies

Also,asstatedearlier,theSkillmanFoundationhasidentifiedtwoelementsasbeingespeciallyimportanttothesafetywork—restorativepracticeandyouthengagement.Table3belowalsopullsoutkeyactivitiesrelatedtoinvestmentsintheseareas.Table3.RestorativePracticeandYouthEngagementActivitiesStrategy Activities&Investments

RestorativePractice

§ CertificationofBlackFamilyDevelopmentInc.asRestorativePracticesTrainers

§ TrainingofDetroitPublicSchoolprincipalsandteachers,communityorganizationsandpoliceofficersinRestorativePractices

§ ImplementationofRestorativePracticeCirclesinschoolsandcommunitycenters

YouthEngagement

§ AmeriCorpsUrbanSafetyProgram(AMUS)—summeryouthprogram§ DetroitYouthServiceCorps/AMUSservicelearningexperience(Osborn

andSouthwest)§ DetroitPoliceDepartmentrelationship-buildingyouthrallies

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SafetyStrategyReviewObjectives,MethodsandLimitationsInconductingareviewofthesafetystrategy,theSkillmanFoundation’sprimarygoalistodevelopacriticalsummary of the safety strategy theory of change, document the safety grantmaking strategies andexaminehowtheyareplayingoutinthetargetneighborhoods.Thereviewalsoincludesafocusontherestorativepracticeworkandyouthengagement.Thechiefobjectivesofthisreviewincludethefollowing:

§ DescribingcityandneighborhoodcontextusingWSUcrimedataandprimarydata§ Analyzingprogressanddocumenting factorscontributingtoand/orhinderingprogress toward

achievinggoals§ Assessingalignmentofeffortsandcollaborationinthethreetargetneighborhoods§ Assessingtheroleandimplementationofrestorativepractice§ Assessingtheeffectivenessofyouthengagement

Inconductingthisreview,theJFMteamdrewfromavarietyofdatasources,includingbothprimaryandsecondarysources.Intermsofcrimetrenddata,forexample,JFMutilizedsecondarydatafromWayneStateUniversity’s Center forUrban Studies (CUS) oneof the Foundations’ corepartners in the safetystrategy.DatafromasurveyconductedinpartnershipwithExcellentSchoolsDetroit,theFiveEssentials(5esurvey),werealsoreviewedandanalyzed.ThisreviewwasalsoinformedbyananalysisofFoundationdocumentsandmaterials,includinggrantapplications,factsheetsandreports.Otherinternaldocumentssuchastrusteememosandtheoryofchangedocumentswerereviewedandanalyzedaswell.In terms of primary data, with Foundation input, the JFM team identified approximately 20 keystakeholders to interview. Of these, JFM was able to interview a total of 17 stakeholders, includingFoundationstaff,granteesandkeyexternalpartners.Finally,separatefocusgroupinterviewswithnineNeighborhoodPoliceOfficers(NPOs)andnineyouthwerealsoconductedinanefforttogathermoreindepthfeedbackfromthesekeystakeholdergroups.Skillmanstaffhadanopportunitytoprovideinputintothedevelopmentofinterviewandfocusgroupprotocols.LimitationsoftheReviewScopeFromthebeginning,itwasunderstoodthattherewouldbelimitationstothescopeofthisreview.Asisthe casewithmany, if notmost, researchefforts, the limitations areprimarily related to resources—namelytimeandfinancialresources.Theseresourceconstraintscontributedtolimitationsonthebreadthanddepthofthedatacollectionandanalysis.Forexample,theanalysisfocusedonthreeoftheSkillmanFoundation’sGoodNeighborhoods,asopposedtoallsix.Anotherkeylimitationconcernsthedepthofthe review. The relatively short, three-month timeframeplaced limits on JFM’s ability to gather andanalyzedata.Asdescribedabove,effortsweremadetoensurethatthereviewincorporatedprimarydatafromavarietyof sources, suchasgrantees, communitypartnersandFoundation staff. However, theabilitytodivedeeperandmorebroadlytoincluderesidents,forexample,wassomewhatlimitedbytimeandbudgetconstraints.Fortunately,theselimitationsdidnotcompromisetheJFMteam’sabilitytomeettheobjectivesofthesafetystrategyreview.NeighborhoodContextandGranteesTheSkillmanGoodNeighborhoodssafetyinitiativeshavebeenimplementedtovaryingdegreesinallsixneighborhoods,withgreateremphasisandinvestmentinthethreetargetareasofCodyRouge,Osborn,andSouthwest.Table4belowoutlinestheyouthandgeneralpopulationofthoseneighborhoods.


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Table4.PopulationofSkillmanGoodNeighborhoods+Location Population YouthPopulation0-18(%)Detroit 713,777 190,347*(26.7%)Brightmoor 23,845 7,236(30.3%)Chadsey-Condon 28,261 10,472(37.0%)CodyRouge 36,849 12,183(33.0%)NorthendCentral 31,603 7,817(24.7%)Osborn 27,166 9,117(33.6%)Southwest 43,902 14,509(33%)

+U.S.Census2010(DataDrivenDetroitSkillmanGoodNeighborhoodCommunityProfiles)*DetroitYouthPopulationisages0-17;Source:U.S.Census2010,StateandCountyPopulationEstimates.Figure 1 below indicates crime incident rates in 2012, which serves as a baseline year for Skillman’sinvestmentsinsafety.Asshown,manyoftheneighborhoodsexperiencedcrimeratesataboutthesamerateoforhigherthanthecityoverall. Osborn,ontheotherhand,experiencedcrimeratesthatweresignificantlyhigherthantheotherSkillmanneighborhoodsandDetroitoverall.ItistheseconditionsthatinfluencedSkillman’swork.

Source:WayneStateUniversityCenterforUrbanStudies,2016.To tryandaddress thesafetychallenges, theFoundationworkedwithseveralgranteesandotherkeypartnerstoimplementtheinvestmentstrategiesdescribedintheprevioussection(seeTable2.).Table5belowidentifiesthosegranteesandkeypartnerswhoworkedineachneighborhoodaswellascitywide.

458

289

391

468 442

608

263

11877

120 115 120172

76

340

212271

352323

436

187

Detroit Brightmoor Chadsey-Condon CodyRouge NorthEndCentral

Osborn Southwest

F IGURE 1. 2012 INCIDENT RATES PERSQUAREMILEAllPartICrime PartIViolentCrime PartIPropertyCrime

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Table5.SafetyGranteesandKeyPartnersLocation KeyPartners Grantees

Detroit

CitywidePartners:• DetroitPoliceDepartment• DetroitPublicSchoolsPolice

Department• CityofDetroit• U.S.Attorney’sOffice• CeaseFireDetroit

CitywideGrantees(AllSkillmanNeighborhoods):• UnitedCommunityHousing

Coalition• DetroitPublicSafetyFoundation• DetroitCrimeCommission• WayneStateUniversityCenterfor

UrbanStudies

Brightmoor

• BrightmoorAlliance• MotorCityBlightBusters

• DetroitBlightAuthority• MSUExtension/MasterGardeners• FertileGroundCollective• WayneMetroCommunityAction

Agency

Chadsey-Condon

• CITI-Camp• Chadsey-CondonCommunity

Organization• DetroitYouthViolencePrevention

CodyRouge

• CITI-camp• CodyRougeActionAlliance• MSU• TheYouthConnection

• BlackFamilyDev.,Inc.• CityConnectDetroit• WSUCenterforUrbanStudies

NorthendCentral

• CITI-camp• DetroitYouthViolencePrevention

• PlymouthEducationalCenter

Osborn

• CITICamp• OsbornNeighborhoodAlliance• MSU• CeasefireDetroit• TheYouthConnection

• BlackFamilyDev.,Inc.• CityConnectDetroit• WSUCenterforUrbanStudies

Southwest• CongressofCommunities• MSU• U.S.Attorney’sOffice

• BlackFamilyDev.,Inc.• WSUCenterforUrbanStudies

II. EMERGINGPROGRESSANDOUTCOMESIn just the fewyears thatSkillmanhasmade investments in safety,granteesandpartnershavemadesignificant progress. This section outlines that progress organized by the Foundation’s investmentstrategies.Thesefindingswerecollectedprimarilythroughinterviewsandreviewofgranteereports.Thesecondpartof this sectiondiscussesananalysisof theoutcomesandchanges inneighborhoodcrimerates.


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SafePathwaysCreatingsafepathwaystoandfromschoolinvolvesinvestmentsinpeopleandplace.Mitigatingstructuralblight,aswellasthepresenceofcaringadultspositionedalongpathwaystoandfromschoolcontributetoboththeperceptionandrealityofsafetyforyouth.MeasureableprogresshasbeenmadetocreatesafepathwaysasaresultofSkillman’sinvestments.

• In Cody, youth have continued phone access to caring adults (i.e. Cody High School staff,BrothersonPatrol,NPOs)astheytravelalongpathwaystoandfromschool. Inaddition, theCodyRougeCommunityActionAllianceand theCodyRougeYouthCouncil recruited severaladultsalongsaferouteswhowerewillingtoactivelymonitortheirstreets:

“Wewereabletogetresidents togooutandsitoutsidetohelpwatchsaferoutes forkids.”

• InCodyandOsborn,studentshaveexperiencedan increase inthefrequencyand locationofsafety activities along pathways to school. The AMUS program collaborated with LifeRemodeled,DetroitPublicSchoolsanditsPoliceDepartment,theCityofDetroitDepartmentsofTransportationandBuildings,SafetyEngineeringandEnvironmental,DetroitYouthViolencePreventionInitiativeandtheDetroitPublicLightingAuthoritytoworkwithparentsandstudentsto determine and develop safe routes to schools and youth development centers. Alongdesignatedroutes,actionsweretakentoaddressCompStat-identifiedcrimehotspots,openandvacant buildings were boarded up, street lighting was restored, and volunteers beautifieddesignatedSafeRouteswith signs, sidewalkpaint, and flowerboxes.An increase in residentparticipationinneighborhoodblockgroupshasalsoincreasedthepresenceofresident-policingalongpathwaystoschool.

• InCodyandSouthwest,Skillman’sinvestmentsprovidedsupporttoresidentsafetypatrolstopurchaseandmaintainequipment,whichenabledthepatrolstoexpandtheirroutes.

“After the investment, the patrols could purchase vehicles and expand their coverage,helpingkidsandresidentsfeelmoresafe.”

• In all of the target neighborhoods, school staff and resident patrols have focused on areasimmediatelyaroundschoolstoensuresafetyandpreventconflicts.

“Wedoiteverymorninginthe9thprecinct–operationsafepassage–aroundtheschoolswherekidsarewalking.”“ThereisabusstoponWestGrandBoulevardandVernerwhereweheardthatfightswerebreakingout.Welettheresidentpatrolsandthepoliceknowandtheysteppeduptheirpatrolofthatareaandthefightswentaway.”

CommunityEmbeddedPolicingAccording to interview and focus group respondents, the increased presence of neighborhood policeofficers(NPOs)hasledtoagrowingtrustamongresidentsandbusinessownersintheirabilitytoaddresscommunityneeds.Inadditiontotheirresponsetoneighborhoodincidents,NPOsareactiveparticipantsincommunityeventsandleadyouthprograms(i.e.CITICamp),creatingmorepositiveexperiencesforindividualswhomayhaveotherwisehadnegativeassociationswithpoliceofficers.WithSkillmansupport,NPOs,themselves,haveexperiencedanincreaseinresourcestosupporttheirwork,includingcellphones,laptops,businesscardsanddoorhangerswithvitalpolicing informationtodistributetoresidentsandbusinessowners.

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• Inalloftheneighborhoods,residentshaveexperiencedanincreaseinthedeploymentofNPOstoaddresscomplaints,bothdirectlyandindirectlyrelatedtocrime(i.e.blight,dumping,overallmisuseofland).

• In Southwest, one respondent reported a close relationship between a school and the localpoliceprecinct,sotheschoolwasabletogetspecialattention.

“Thecaptainhada lotofhistory in thecommunity, soheassignedDPDofficers to theschools,andwehaveadirectlinetodetectivesandthecaptain.”

TransformedCommunityCultureTransforming community culture inSkillman’s GoodNeighborhoods is slow, yetevolving. According to the researchrespondents, residentsarebeginningto feelthat they have an important role to play inaddressingneighborhood safety. There is agrowing sense that they can change thetrajectory of crime in their neighborhoods.WithpartnerslikeBlackFamilyDevelopmentand Life Remodeled, the coordination ofresident and stakeholder engagement insafety activities is helping to increase theconnectivity among these groups, wideningaccountabilityinsafety.

• In Cody, seamless relationshipsdedicated to sharing knowledge ofincidents in the community areforming between Cody High Schooland local businesses andorganizations, including local gasstations, libraries, fire departmentsandFairlaneMall.

• With Skillman’s investments, BlackFamily Development was able tostrengthen the capacity of existingblock clubs and create new ones inareaswheretherewerenone.

“Membershadstartedblockclubs before Black FamilyDevelopmentwasapartner,buttheyhadcapacitytotakethattoscaleandbuildalotofcapacity in thoseassociations.”

• In Osborn, there is an increase inthe number of and residentparticipationinneighborhoodblockgroupsandsafetyactivities.

PeaceWalksLetResidentsTakeBacktheirNeighborhoodPeace Walks are gatherings of residents and othercommunity members walking along residentialstreets and public spaces in an effort to send amessageofpeaceandunityagainstcrime,violenceand other issues facing the neighborhood. AcrossCodyRouge,OsbornandSouthwestneighborhoods,Peace Walks have been a best practice – creatingshared values in safety. With each neighborhoodfacing its own distinct challenges with crime andsafety,PeaceWalksareorganizedinways thatbestalignwiththeneighborhoodlandscape(i.e.areasofblight, hot spot areas, neighborhood hubs, saferoutestoschool).SupportintheorganizingofPeaceWalksintheCodyRouge, Osborn, and Southwest neighborhoods,specifically,hascomeinlargepartfromBlackFamilyDevelopmentInc.(BFDI).OneofBFDI’slong-standingcommitmentsiscommunityengagement-astrategyby which “social cohesion” is improved throughresidentsthatareactivatedtoworktogethertosolveproblems and build a stronger community. InSouthwest, Peace Walks were also supported byCongress of Communities, where a neighborhoodsafetyhubwasalsoestablishedtosupportindividualsonthePeaceWalksoronresidentsafetypatrols.“Thecrimedata has helpedus to identifywhere tofocus,forexampleweifweknowitsgettinghotoverhere,thenthecommunityorganizespeacewalks.It’samessageof ‘IncreasethePeace’andresidentswillbandtogetherandgotothehotspots.Saytherewasa liquor store with robberies and drinking out inpublic.Thepeacewalksputthemonblast.Itkeepspeopleontheirtoes.Weknowwhatyou’redoingandwe’rewatching.”


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“Icansaynowthattherearethingsworkingbetterbecausepeoplechangedatthetop.Andnowresidentsarestartingtothinkmoreabout initiativesthemselves.YouusedtoonlyhaveMANNetwork,andnowyouhaveotherpeopledoingthings–likeleavingtheirlightonorsteppingoutsideontheirporchtoseewhat’sgoingon.”

• Life Remodeled established year-long projects in Cody Rouge and Osborn that engagedcommunity partners, residents, schools, and youth to conduct large-scale beautification andneighborhoodimprovementprojects.

“LifeRemodeledwasagreatwinforCodyRouge.Residentswereengagedthroughouttheprocess,andcouldmeetandgreetpeoplewhowereinvolvedinmakingadifference.Itwasprobablythefirsttimeresidents’sawprojectsonthatscale,wherepeoplefromcorporations,government,andorganizationsshowedhowtheneighborhoodcouldbetransformed.”

• InSouthwest,helpingSouthwestPridetransitionfromwhatmanyconsideredtobeavigilantegrouptoanestablishedorganization,CivilianPatrolGroupwasahugeaccomplishment,helpingtobuildacriticalbridgebetweenresidentsandlawenforcement.

YouthViolenceInterventionCreating an environment that prevents youth violence involvesmultiple and reoccurring efforts thatengageyouthandyoungadultsinpositiveexperienceswitheachotherandcaringadults.Forexample,acrossthecity,Ceasefireoffersapathforyoungadultsandadultstotransitionoutofagang lifestylethroughaprogramthatincludescommunitypartnerswhocanalsoprovidemuch-neededsocialsupports.Asprogresshasbeenmadetoaddressgangactivityandschooldisciplinepolicies,youthhavealsobeenengagedinprogramsthatallowthemtoactasleadersintheircommunity.

• “ThebiggestthingSkillmandidiscenteraroundyoungpeople.Theresourcesthey’vebroughttogiveyoungpeoplesomethingdifferentisthebiggestthingtheycouldhavedone…Everykidyouinvestin,iftheytakethatinvestment,youwouldn’thavetoworryaboutthempickingupagun.”

• InCody,staffatCodyHighSchoolreportedfeelingmoreconnectedtotheemotionalandmentalneedsofstudentstopreventviolentincidents,andareformingtrustedrelationshipswithlocalbusinesses(i.e.Ernst&Young,Deloitte)throughyouthmentorshipprogramming.YouthlivinginCodyalsoregardrecreationcenters,suchasDonBoscoHall,assafehavens.

• In Cody and Osborn youth are experiencing more opportunities to have discourse on theirperceptionofsafetythrougheffortsledbytheDetroitYouthViolencePreventionInitiative.

• InSouthwest,parentsaremoreengagedandhasmadeadifferenceincurbingyouthviolenceandcrime.

ProgressonOutcomes:ChangesinCrimeIncidentsandVictimizationAsdiscussedinSectionI.andoutlinedinTable1,theSkillmanFoundationidentifiedfouroveralloutcomeindicatorstohelpmeasuretheimpactoftheFoundation’sinvestmentsinsafetyandtheimprovementofthequalityoflifeintheGoodNeighborhoods.Crime-relateddatahavebeenobtainedbetween2012and2015, the timeframe of when Skillman implemented its safety investments. Many of those datacorrespond to the indicatorsandarepresentedanddiscussedbelow. Wedidnothaveaccess to thenumberofdangerousbuildingsandsoarenotabletoreportonthat indicator. Thefollowingsectionreportsonthecrimeincidentdataasitrelatestothefirstthreeindicatorsbetween2012and2015.

• 90%ofyoungpeoplefeelsafeontheirwaytoandfromandinsideschool.

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From2013to2015,studentsineachGoodNeighborhoodweresurveyedabouttheirperceptionsofsafetyinsideofandtravelingtoorfromschool.Charts1and2belowrepresenttheresultsofthatsurvey.Inalloftheneighborhoods,thenumberofstudentsthatfeltsafetravelingtoandfromschoolincreasedeachyear. CodyRougesawthelargestincrease:52percentofstudentsin2013comparedto61percentin2015. Cody Rouge also had the lowest percentages of students feeling safe. Students in SouthwestDetroithadthehighestnumberofstudentswhofeltsafe,startingat70percentin2013and74percentin2015.In2013,thepercentageofstudentsinfourGNIneighborhoodswhofeltsafetravelingtoandfromschoolwaslowerthanstudentsinDetroitK-12schoolsinotherneighborhoods.In2015,smallgainshadbeenmadeinthisregard.ThepercentageofstudentsthatfeltsafewasthesameorhigherinthreeneighborhoodsthanDetroitK-12schoolsinotherneighborhoods.Overall,despitethepositivegainseveryyear inallGNIneighborhoods,between2012-2015,noneof theneighborhoodsachievedtheSkillmanFoundation’sgoalsof90percent.Over the three years, thepercentagesof students feeling safe inside their school remained relativelyunchanged. In four neighborhoods, the percentages of students feeling safe decreased slightly, thelargest decrease being in Brightmoor, where 82 percent of students reported feeling safe in 2013,compared to 74 percent in 2015. Southwest Detroit students had the highest percentages reportingfeeling safe, with 87 percent in 2013 and 84 percent in 2015. In 2013, Cody Rouge had the lowestpercentagesofstudentsfeelingsafeandin2015,Osbornhadthelowest. Inboth2013and2015,thepercentagesofstudentswhofeltsafeinfourGNIneighborhoodswerelowerthanDetroitK-12schoolsinother neighborhoods. As with traveling to and from school, none of the neighborhoods achieved 90percentofstudentswhofeltsafe.

• Incidentsofyouthvictimizationandparticipationinviolentandpropertycrimesintargetedareasarereducedby40%

DataontheageandgenderofvictimsineachoftheGNIneighborhoodswasobtained,howeverdataonyouthparticipationincrimeswasnotavailable,soitcouldnotbereportedonhere.Between2012and2015,allneighborhoodsexceptforChadsey-Condonsawreductionsinyouthvictimsages17andunder.OsbornandSouthwestbothsawthehighestreductionsofaround30percent. Chadsey-Condonistheonlyneighborhoodthatexperiencedanincreaseinyouthvictimizationbetweentheseyears.Comparedto older age groups, the reductions in youth victimization were greater in all neighborhoods exceptChadsey-Condon. Four of the six GNI neighborhoods experienced reductions in youth victimizationgreaterthanthatofDetroitoverall.Despitethedecreasesseeninmostoftheneighborhoods,noneofthemachievedSkillman’stargetof40percentbetween2012and20152.Table6belowprovidesdetailsonvictimizationratesbyageandgender.Chart3presentsacomparisonacrossalloftheneighborhoods.

2Theyearspriorto2012wereoutofthescopeofthisresearch,butcrimedatawerecollectedbySkillmangoingbackto2007,thebeginningofGNI.AttheonsetofGNI,safetyworkhadbeenincludedinitsneighborhoodinvestmentstrategies.Thus,thoughSkillmandidnotreachitsgoalsbetween2012-2015,since2007,incidentsofyouthvictimizationintargetareaswerereducedbyanaverageof51%acrossallGNIneighborhoods.


15

Source:InstituteforResearchandReforminEducation,September2015

16

Source:InstituteforResearchandReforminEducation,September2015


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Table6.ChangesinVictimizationRatesinGNINeighborhoodsbyAgeandGenderBetween2012-2015.VICTIMIZATIONRATES Detroit Brightmoor

Chadsey-Condon

CodyRouge

NorthEndCentral Osborn

South-west

Age17andunder -18% -20% 20% -24% -5% -29% -31%Male -15% -33% -5% -12% -16% -4% -42%Female -20% -7% 42% -34% 5% -48% -16%Age25andunder -16% -10% 4% -7% -17% -12% -24%Male -20% -29% -12% 0% -17% -19% -32%Female -14% -1% 16% -11% -17% -8% -18%Age26andover -3% -5% -17% 14% -5% -2% -13%Male -10% -4% -14% 8% -2% -13% -20%Female 2% -6% -18% 18% -6% 7% -8%

Source:WayneStateUniversityCenterforUrbanStudies• Propertyandviolentcrimesarereducedby40%inthetargetneighborhoods.DataonpropertyandviolentcrimesintheGNIneighborhoodsshowsreductionsinallPartICrimesbyasmuchas35percent(inBrightmoor). Everyneighborhoodsawreductionsinbothpropertyandviolentcrimes.SouthwestDetroitandChadsey-CondonsawthehighestreductioninViolentCrime(30percent)whereasOsbornsawthelowestdecrease(7percent).Alloftheneighborhoodssawatleasta25percentdecreaseinPropertyCrimes.Brightmoorsawthelargestdecreaseat37percentandNorthendCentralsawthesmallestdecrease(25percent).Allbuttwoneighborhoods,NorthendCentralandCodyRouge,experiencedreductionsinpropertycrimegreaterthanDetroitoverall.Osbornistheonlyneighborhoodwhere the reduction in violent crimewas lower than the city’s overall.While all neighborhoods saw

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significantdecreasesinpropertyandviolentcrimes,between2012-2015,nonereachedSkillman’sgoalofachievinga40percentreduction3.Chart4showsthechangesinincidentratesinalloftheneighborhoods.

Source:WayneStateUniversityCenterforUrbanStudies,2016In threeof theGNIneighborhoods, stakeholdersplacedspecialemphasisonsmallergeographicareasaroundschoolswherepatrolsandblightremovalactivitiesweremoreconcentrated.Chart5comparestheincidentsofpropertyandviolentcrimebetweenthoseFociareasaswellaswiththeoverallincidentratesintheirrespectiveneighborhoods.Inmostneighborhoods,theFociareassawgreaterreductionsinpropertyandviolentcrimesthanintheneighborhoodsoverall.ExceptforOsborn,alloftheFociareasexperiencedgreaterdeclinesinpropertyandviolentcrimesthaninthecityoverall,aswell.

3Aswithfootnote1,theyearspriorto2012wereoutofthescopeofthisresearch,butcrimedatawerecollectedbySkillmangoingbackto2007,thebeginningofGNI.Sincethen,theseneighborhoodsexperiencedanaverageof50%reductioninpropertyandviolentcrimes.


19

Source:WayneStateUniversityCenterforUrbanStudies

Inconclusion,thecrimeincidentdataindicatesthatwhereSkillmanhasinvestedinsafetystrategies,thoseneighborhoodsareexperiencingsignificantreductionsincrimeandinyouthvictimization,manyofwhicharegreaterthanthecityoverall.ThedataalsosuggeststhatheavierconcentrationsofactivityintheFociareashaveresultedingreaterreductionsincrime.However,thereareneighborhoodswhereSkillmanhasnotbeenasinvestedcomparedtoothers,suchasinBrightmoor,thatarestillexperiencingreductionsincrimeincidents.Moreinvestigationcouldbedonetofindoutwhatishappeningthere.ItsuggeststhatBrightmoor may be poised to take on more safety initiatives with even greater safety outcomes.Conversely,thedataalsoindicatesthatcrime,particularlyviolentincidents,stillposegreatchallengesinsomecommunities.ThiswasespeciallyevidentinOsborn,wherereductionsinviolentcrimehavebeenminimal.

20

III. FACTORSCONTRIBUTINGTOORHINDERINGPROGRESSProgresstowardsafety,bothperceivedandreal,isinfluencedbyfactorsthatbothcontributetoandhindersafety.Thesefactorsarebasedoninformationprovidedbyinterviewswithkeystakeholders,focusgroupswithyouth4andNeighborhoodPoliceOfficers(NPOs),andSkillmangranteereports.Thefactorsrevealedemerging themes that begin to tell the story of the impact of safety efforts prior to and followingSkillman’sdirectinvestmentsinsafety.Asfactorshinderingprogressinsafetyexceedfactorscontributingtoprogressinsafety,thereistheundoubtedopportunityforSkillmantolearnfromitsprogressandmakeanynecessaryadjustments.This section outlines the contributing and hindering factors that emerged from our research. ThesefactorsaresummarizedinTable7and8,andthenelaboratedoninthesectionsbelowwithexamplesfromthetargetneighborhoods. Table7.SummaryofFactorsContributingtoProgress

4YouthfocusgroupparticipantsincludedmembersoftheAmeriCorpsprograminDetroit–allparticipantsweremale,excludingtheperspectiveoffemaleyouth.

Cody Osborn Southwest

Con

tribu

ting

to P

rogr

ess

Stronger Community-Police Relations

ü ü ü

Increased Use and Sharing of Data

ü ü ü

Public, Private & Community Partnerships

ü ü ü

BuildingNeighborhood Networks

ü ü ü


21

Table8.SummaryofFactorsHinderingProgress

ContributingFactorsFactorscontributingtoprogressinsafetywerefairlysimilaracrosseachneighborhoodfocusarea,andarerepresentative of grantee efforts that duplicated across multiple neighborhoods. Contributions toprogressinsafetyarefurtherdefinedbyfour(4)emergingthemes:thepresenceofstrongercommunity-police relations, an increased use and sharing of data, an increase in public/private/communitypartnerships,andthebuildingofneighborhoodnetworks.

StrongerCommunity-PoliceRelations

Residentsandotherneighborhoodstakeholdersareexperiencinganincreasedpresenceandcapabilityofpoliceofficers to addressnotonly crime-related incidents, but also incidents related toqualityof lifeoverall, including structural blight, abandoned vehicles, and neighbor-to-neighbor disputes. TheNeighborhoodPoliceOfficer(NPO)program,basedontheCommunityOrientedPolicingProgramcreatedbyDetroitPoliceChief JamesE.Craigduringhis timeaspolicechief inCincinnati,enableseachpoliceprecinctthroughoutthecityto“createadifferentformofpolicepresence”withpoliceofficersassignedtospecificportionsoftheprecinct’sboundaries. 5Skillman’sgrant-makingtotheDetroitPublicSafetyFoundationtoequipNPOswithreliabletechnology(i.e.cellphones,laptops),enhancedthereliabilityofdatatodriveactioninresponsetoincidents,andsustaincommunicationbetweenNPOsandresidents.

5InformationretrievedMarch21,2016fromCityofDetroitwebsite.http://www.detroitmi.gov/How-Do-I/Neighborhood-Police-Officer-NPO-program

Cody Osborn Southwest Hi

nder

ing

Prog

ress

Violence and Safety Challenges Remain

ü ü

Relationship Building Takes Time and Trust

ü ü

Limitations in Parent Engagement

ü ü

Limited Moral Leadership on Crime and Safety

ü ü ü

Inadequate Use and Sharing of Data

ü ü ü

22

• InCodyandOsborn,NPOsandotherpoliceofficershaveparticipatedinneighborhoodcleanupactivities,andattendedschoolsportsandotheractivities.

• In Southwest, police officers support resident safety initiatives, such as regular PeaceWalks,whichmay includeholding a rally at a specific locationorbusinesswhere there is high crimeactivity.

IncreasedUseandSharingofData

Theavailabilityofdata,asmentionedabove,helpsto drive action toward increasing safety inneighborhoods. In addition to its availability, theincreaseduseandsharingofdatastrengthenstheability to identify trends, reveal alternativemethods to confront crime, and influencesaccountabilityamongmultipleentities.

• InCody,the implementationofastudentinformation system helps track violentincidents inside the school, equippingschoolstaffandotherpersonneltoidentifytrends across the school year and designpreventativetacticswithstudents.

• In Cody and Osborn, Detroit YouthViolence Prevention Network ledconversations to address safety issuesalong student pathways to school, usingoriginal research and data collected byWayne Sate University Center for UrbanStudies on crime incidents and DetroitCrimeCommissionongangactivity.

• InSouthwest,theCompStatmeetingsareahave participation from several differentjurisdictional patrols there including theresidentpatrolgroup(WestVernorPatrol),DPD,therailpolice,andborderpatrol.

Public/Private/CommunityPartnerships

Partnerships in safety among public, private andcommunitygroupshaveincreasedthroughoutthecity.ThecityofDetroithasdrivenpartnershipsandcollaborationwithcommunitygroupsandbusinessowners that align with Skillman’s investmentstrategy toward transforming community culture.Forexample,residentsinterestedinreceivingfree

DataasaCatalystforBringingPeopleTogetherInDetroit,CompStatmeetingshavebeensupportedandexpandedbySkillman’sinvestmentsinitsGoodNeighborhoods.FirstlaunchedinMidtown,CompStatmeetingsbroughttogetheranumberofsafetystakeholderstosharecrimedataanddevisecollaborativestrategiesforaddressingpersistentcrimeproblems.After2012,SkillmansupportedtheestablishmentofCompStatmeetingsinits6GNIneighborhoods.Manyinterviewrespondentstoutedthesemeetingsascentraltotheirneighborhoodsafetystrategies.AttendeesincludeWSU’sCenterforUrbanStudies(CUS),thelocalDPDprecinct,publicsafetyagencies,residentsafetypatrolorganizationsandblockclubs,representativesfromschoolsandcommunityorganizationsworkingonsafetyefforts.Meetingonamonthlybasis,theCUSprovidestimelydataonallcriminalincidentsineachneighborhood.Stakeholdersshareinformationaboutindividualoffenders,crimehotspotsand,worktogethertodevisesolutionsthatinvolvebothlegalandsocialsupportinterventions.Overtime,theCompStatmeetingsbecamemoreandmoreimportanttothesafetystrategiesineachoftheneighborhoods,beyondthepurposeofsharingdata.Accordingtoonerespondent,theybecamean,“elaboratenetworkofactorswhoarewillingtoengageinpublicsafety.”TheCompStatmeetingsbecamemonthlyopportunitiestoworktogether,“Theyarealaunchingpadforrelationships.I’venoticedtheaftereventconversationshaveincreasedovertime…itbecameamechanismforplanningtogetpeopletogether.”


23

woodforboarding-upblightedstructures throughoutthecity requires theybeanactivememberofaregistered neighborhood block group. Another example can be found with the city-led Green LightInitiativeinpartnershipwithlocalgasstationsidentifiedas“hotspots”forcrimetodrivegreatersafetyforgasstationemployeesandcustomers.

• InCodyRouge,localbusinesspartnersareestablishingmentorshipswithstudentstohelpguidestudentsthroughschoolandnurtureemploymentskills.

• In all of the target neighborhoods, having a coordinator that was funded to bring partnerstogether supported greater collaboration between various public, private and communitypartners.

“Therehadbeenalotgoingonaroundsafety,butitwasnotcoordinated,soitwashardfor us to keep everythingmoving. When Skillman supported coordinators specificallyfocusedonthat, ithelpedtobringplayerstogetherandtooka loadoffofustodotheworkwealreadydo.Ithelpedallthepartnershipsaligntoreallyworktogetherinwaythatthey weren’t before…It helped eliminate a sense of competing and created morecollaborating.Everyoneunderstoodtheirroleandreachedouttoeachother.Itclarifiedroles.”

• In Southwest, investments in new lighting andblight demolitions from theCity havehelpedaugmentlocalsafetyefforts.TheMayor’sOfficeworkedcloselywithBlackFamilyDevelopmentandCongressofCommunitiestoshareinformationonwherethelightinganddemolitionscouldtakeplacetocomplementothersafetyefforts,suchasboard-ups,safepathways,andpatrols.BuildingNeighborhoodNetworks

Skillman’sinvestmentsingranteesthatfosterpositiveconnectionsbetweendifferingpopulations(i.e.youth,seniorresidents,policeofficers)havecreatedawiderneighborhoodnetwork.Theseconnectionsinfluenceshiftstowardsharedvaluesinsafetyanddiversifiestheownershipofsafetyinitiatives,helpingtoalsotransformcommunityculture.“Planwithandnotfor.Communityself-determinationisimportantandneedstoberespected.”

• InCody,granteesthatoperateprogrammingatlocalcommunitycenters,likeDonBoscoHall,haveledtoyouthandotherresidentsdevelopingrelationshipswithpoliceofficersoutsideof“punitive”situations.

• InSouthwest,youthandcommunityactivities,suchasorganizedsportsandfestivals,particularlyatClarkParkhavehelpedcreategreaterconnectionsamongresidentsandbetweenresidentsandpolicewhoarepresentattheseactivities.Policeactivelyparticipateintheseevents,“Theyareflippingburgerswiththeirgunsandbulletproofvests.”

HinderingFactorsFactorshinderingprogressinsafetywere,again,fairlysimilaracrosseachneighborhoodfocusarea,withsomedifferentiationfoundinSouthwest.Asonekeystakeholderexplained,thefactorshinderingprogressinsafetyaren’taltogetherrelatedtotheinterventionchosentoincreasesafety,yetitisthe“dosage”ofthatinterventionthatneedstobebalancedinorderforittobeaffective.Hindrancesinsafetyarefurtherdefinedbyfive(5)emergingthemes:remainingviolenceandsafetychallenges,slowrelationshipbuildingamongresidentsduetomistrust,lackofpresenceofparentsinsafetyefforts,theabsenceofacity-widemoralleaderoncrimeandviolence,andtheneedtoimprovetheuseandsharingofdata.

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ViolenceandSafetyChallengesRemain

Althoughviolentincidentshavedecreasedbasedonreportedcrimedata,violentincidentsinsideschoolsremainconstant.Youthperceptionofsafetyalongpathwaystoandfromschoolarealsolowregardlessofeffortstoaddressstructuralblight,increasedsafetypatrols,andactiveblockgroups.

• InCodyandOsbornhighschools,physicaldisputesamongstudentsisstillahugeissue.Despitemitigation of gang activity in areas outside of school, increases in “gang-like” behavior andattitudesamongsomestudentsimpedesprogressinallstudentsfeelingsafeinsideschool.

“IwasinOsbornHighSchoolaboutonceamonthand50%ofthetimewesawseriousfightsbreakout.”

• InCody,youtharestillexperiencingextendedwaittimesatbusstopsonroutestoandfromschoolthatwheresignificantstructuralblightexists.

• Violence is still pervasive, especially in Osborn and Cody Rouge, and this contributes to anenvironmentwhere violence is seen as a normalway of life. Respondents reported on suchchallenges:

“Wehaveawaystogo[toseeingprogressonyouthviolence].BeingatthoseCompStatmeetings,wehearaboutwhat’sgoingon,whatcrime ishappening.Therehasbeenamajorshift,butstillpocketsthatexperiencealotofcrime…Lastweekwehadasituation.We’vedoneall thiswork,but itgetsreallybadontheweekends. There isstilla lotofviolence.”“Weareseeingaggravatedassaultamongfamilymembers.Thereneedstobechangeinattitudesaroundviolence.Forexample,alotofpolicehaveahopelessperspectivearounddomesticviolence.Theycanshowup10timestothesamehouseandit’snotgoingtostop.”Referringtoviolenceintheneighborhood,ayouthrespondentreported,“[Peopleinthecommunity]aresousedtoit.It’ssonatural,it'snotgoingtostop.”

RelationshipBuildingTakesTimeandTrust

Mistruststillexistsamongvaryingresidentpopulations,especiallybetweensenior-to-youthandyouth-to-youthpopulations.Historically,seniorresidentsaremoreactiveinneighborhood-basedactivitiesthanyouth,duetodisposabletimeandresources.Theseimbalancesinparticipationbetweenthesetwogroupsinevitably cause disparate perspectives on safety and community culture. In order to build positiverelationships and create shared values on safety, more time is needed to develop new and creativeplatformsthatbringseniors,youthandallotherresidentsandstakeholderstogethertosharepositiveexperiences.Onerespondentnoted,“Wehavegottobeabletocreateaculturebywhichweactuallyseeeachotherasassets.”

• In Cody and Osborn, senior-youth relationships are slowly developing through neighborhoodvolunteerevents.

• In Osborn, the segregation of Osborn High School into three, smaller schools have createddivisivenessamongstudentscausedbythealliancesstudentshaveformedwithinschools.


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LimitationsinParentEngagement

Investmentinanti-violencecultureandsafetybeginsathome.Withsomeyouthexperiencingdomesticviolence issues, parents struggling with their own personal challenges and economic instability, orambivalence in adult perspectives on violence6, there is the need for more strategic engagement ofparentstoincreasetheircapacitytobeinvolved,includinganassessmentoftheirneedsandwrap-aroundservices addressing those needs that will improve their lives and enable their participation in safetyactivities (i.e. job training and placement, transportation incentives, training in Restorative Practices).Effortstoaddressparentengagementhave,infact,takenplaceacrossallneighborhoods.However,thecapacitytodosohasbeenlimited.Onerespondentshared,“Ineverseeparentsinanyoftheseprograms.”

• InCodyandOsborn,respondentsreportedthatyouthareexperiencingverbalandphysicaldisputeswithparentsinsidethehighschool.Manyparentsareabsentfromschoolengagementandsupportingtheirchildrenacademically.Muchofthisisduetochallengesgettingparentsinvolvedwhentheyarestrugglingwithsocialandeconomicinsecurityathome.

• From2012-2015,theOsbornNeighborhoodAlliance,inpartnershipwithOsbornHighSchool,implementedtheParentMentorProgram(PMP)–anationallyrecognizedparentengagementmodelgearedtowardbuildingdeepandlastingrelationshipsbetweenstudents,teachersandparents.ThePMPmodelisastrategythatcouldbebuiltuponandexpandedinthefuture.“Parentinvolvementismissing.Kidsdoeverythingwithoutparentengagement.Theygotoschoolwithouttheirparents’engagement.Parentsdon’tknowhowtheirkidsaredoinginschool.Youhavetogetparentsmotivatedenoughtobepresent,that’sastrategickindofengagement.Somethinghastomotivatethem,soweneedtofindoutwhatthosetriggersare.Parentingisthecoreofmanyoftheissuesthatarehappening—parentsandkidshavenoknowledgeofwhatagoodparentfeelsorsoundslike.Wehavetofindawaytoengageparents.It’stheonlywaytoeliminatethesecycles.Yet,wedon’tdiveintothat,wedon’toutoffearoftalkingaboutparenting.Eveniftheyareawesomeparents,‘Idon’thaveajobtoraisethesefourkids.’”

LimitedMoralleadershiponCrimeandViolence

Thereisaneedtoincreaseinthepresenceofcitywidemoralleadershiponcrimeandviolenceoutsidethemayor and police chief. As evidenced in this report, there have been and still remain efforts bynumerouscommunitydevelopmentpractitioners,communityresidents,community-basedorganizationsandplace-based initiativestofill these leadershipneeds.However,asneighborhoodsarebeginningtoexperienceanincreasedpresenceofNPOs,safetyactivitiesandmitigationofstructuralblight,scalingupconsistentandculturally relevantmessagingon issuesrelatedtocrime isneededtoshiftmindsetsonsafety.Moreeffortcouldbedonetoincreasethevisibilityofcitywideandcommunityleaderswhocancommunicatesuchmessagesacrossthecity.

“Thecityneedsamoral figuretogetpeopletostoptheviolence. Itcan’tbeChiefCraigortheMayor.Someonewhopeoplecanrelateto.”

6Keystakeholderinterviewsrevealedcontradictorythinkingamongadultsonviolence,withsomeadultsencouragingtheuseofviolencetoresolveissues.

26

InadequateUseandSharingofData

Asmentioned above, the increased use and sharing of data further justifies the need for data to beaccurate, sufficientandaccessible.Organizationsaren’t sharingenoughdata tohelppartnersaddresschallenges.Withtheappropriatesupportforreportinganddatacollection,fundingcouldbecombinedwithgreateraccountabilityforsafetyoutcomes.

• InCodyandOsborn,thereisadesiretobetterunderstandtheworkandimpactofsafetypatrols(i.e. route, patrol times, frequency), and create a centralized neighborhood patrol system tocoordinatepatrolsandbuildbestpractices.

“IthinkweneedtodoabetterjobatsharingandIthinkinformationsharingfromCOMPStat meetingsaretakentothecommunityinabroaderway.Weneedtofigureouthowtousecrime datainawaythatismoreimpactful,andwehavebeentalkingasastaffonhowwedothisbetter.”

RestorativePracticePriortoSkillman’s2011partnershipwithBlackFamilyDevelopmentInc.(BFDI)toraisetheawarenessofRestorative Practices (RP), the model was highly unknown among Skillman grantees and otherneighborhoodgroups.BFDIhasworkedtotrainstaffatseveralcommunity-basedorganizationsandNPOsin the Restorative Practices Model. However, due to turnover at all levels of institutions (i.e. Policedepartments,schools,andcommunity-basedorganizations,implementationoftheRestorativePracticesmodelhasbeenminimal.FidelitytotheRestorativePracticesmodel is important,andinconsistencyinthosetrainedhindersprogress.ThereisasignificantneedforapubliceducationcampaignonRestorativePracticesorotheralternativestoviolence.

“WeworkedwithBFDIonacircle[RestorativePracticescircle]–onewasagangincidentandonewasa fight intheschool. Itdidseemtoquell the issueand Icanseehow itworks ifyouhaveenoughpeoplecoordinatingit.”

YouthEngagementDespite the presence of youth-centered programming across neighborhoods, a gap in students’accessibilitytopositiveopportunitiesthatstrengthentheirpathwaytosuccessstillexists.Accesstomorepositiveexperiences,suchassports,safeparksandrecreationcenters,alsoimpactstheirroleinsafetyeffortsandhastheabilitytoshifttheirperceptionofsafety.Youthprogrammingshouldfollowamodelthatallowyouthtoleadwithadultspresentforsupport–thishappensinpocketsacrossneighborhoods.Youthalsorevealedtheirdesireformentorsandmodelswhocanrelatetotheirlives.

“Thereneedstobemoreroomforyouthvoice.Thedollarshaven’ttrickleddowntothekids.Theygototheserviceproviders,butmorecouldgodirectlytothekidsintheformofemploymentorhelpwithschool.”“WeneedaDonBoscoineveryneighborhood.”

IV. ALIGNMENTANDCOLLABORATIONThis section looks across the three “target” neighborhoods—Cody Rouge,Osborn and Southwest—toexamineprogresstowardalignmentofactivitiesandeffortsrelatedtosafety.Thisanalysisisprimarilydrawn from the interviews conducted with safety strategy stakeholders, including grantees, externalpartners and Foundation staff. In addition to exploring examples of alignment in and across


27

neighborhoods,aneffort isalsomadetoidentifyfactorsthatmaybecontributingtoand/orhinderingalignment.ProgressTowardIncreasedAlignmentandCollaborationOverall,most stakeholders interviewed for this reviewagree that there is greateralignmentof safetyrelated activities and increased collaboration. Stakeholders described increased communication andcooperation around safety. Organizations report feeling better connected as a result of the worksupportedbytheFoundation’sinvestment.Asonestakeholderreported:

“We’reworkingtogethermoreinthelastthreeyearsthatweeverhave.Andtherearecross sectionsofpeopleworking together. We’remorecollaborative,muchlessterritorial,muchmoreengagingandcollaborativethanbefore.”

Anotherintervieweereportedthatstakeholdersarehavingconversationsthattheyhavenothadinthepast, and also pointed to increased communications with block clubs and radio patrols. Othersunderscoredtoasharedunderstanding,developedinrecentyears,thatpublicsafetyisthefoundationofcommunityrenewal,andthatpublicsafetymustbetransformedinorderforthecommunityandthecitytomoveforward.However,whiletheconsensusamongintervieweesappearedtobethatprogresshasbeenachievedintermsofincreasedalignmentandcollaboration,somestakeholdersdidnotsharethisperspective.Forexample,onestakeholderreportedthatcollaborationpeakedabouttwoyearsago,andmayevenhavewanedslightlyinthelastyourorso.Twostakeholdersobservedthatpeopleandorganizationsaretalkingtoeachothermorethan inthepast,butagreedthattheyarenotnecessarilyworkingtogethermore.“Workingandtalkingaretwodifferentthings”,isthewayonestakeholderputit.Specificexamplesofalignmentandcollaborationincludethefollowing:

§ Collaborationbetweenresidentvolunteers,BFDI,DPS,WSUandsafetypatrolgroups,suchastheMAN Network in Osborn or Brothers on Patrol in Cody-Rouge, is helping to increase safetyactivitiesandpolicingintheneighborhoods.

§ CreationoftheCity’sDepartmentofNeighborhoods(DON)issupportingincreaseddoor-to-doorexperienceswithresidentsand

§ AlignmentofeffortsbetweenCeasefireDetroitandtheDetroitCrimeCommissionishelpingtoprovideopportunitiesforgangmemberstochangetheirlifestyle

§ Alignmentacrossthreekeyorganizations,theDetroitYouthViolencePreventionInitiative,DetroitCrimeCommissionandtheDetroitPoliceDepartmentisanotherexampletheprogress

Stakeholdersengagedinthesafetyworkwereabletoidentifyseveralfactorsthatmayhavecontributedtoorsupportedalignmentandcollaborationaroundsafety.Theirfeedbacksuggeststhatexternalforcesranging from Foundation funding to the changes in the political landscape are supporting increasedalignmentintheneighborhoods.Examplesofthesefactorsarelistedbelow.

§ Anawarenessthatfunderswanttoseemorecollaboration.“Moneygetspeopletalking.”§ Sharingofinformationoncrimeandsafety.TheCompStatmeetingsandcrimedataprovidedby

WSUareviewedasplayingakeyroleinfacilitatingalignmentandcollaborationaroundsafetyinDetroit.Avarietyof stakeholderscometogether toshare information thatwillassist them inaddressingsafetyissuesintheirneighborhoods

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§ AnewvisionforthecityandaspiritofcollaborationthatstemsfromasensethatDetroithasanopportunitytostabilize,andperhapsevengrow.“We’renowtryingtofigureouthowtobeaneffectivepartner.”

§ Themayor’screationoftheDepartmentofNeighborhoods(DON)hassupporteddevelopmentofa“groundgame”throughdoor-to-dooreffortstoconnectwithandengageresidents.

§ Activitiessuchasthe“board-up”initiative,whoseguidelinesrequirethatablockclubbeinplaceinordertogettheboards.Thiscontributedtothecreationofanumberofblockclubs.

§ TheNeighborhoodPoliceOfficerplatformishelpingpeopletoengagewiththepoliceagain.§ Foundation investments that provides the technology that enables NPOs and residents to

communicateandbuildrelationships.Stakeholders also identified a number of factors that may help describe barriers to more effectivealignment and collaboration. Understanding what these factors are will be helpful in identifyingopportunities for strengthening alignmentmoving forward. A list of key factors hindering alignmentaroundsafetyisprovidedbelow.

§ Time—stakeholdersreportthatittakesagreatdealoftimetoengageandcollaborate.Asonestakeholderstated,“Thebiggestfactortocollaborationistime.Itjusttakesmoretime.”

§ Sustained engagement is important to continued alignment and collaboration. Somestakeholderspointedoutthatengagementerodesovertimeandpeoplemoveontootherthings.

§ Relatively limitedengagementof“underrepresented”stakeholdergroups. Forexample,moreopportunitiesshouldbeidentifiedforgettingyoungpeopleinvolved,andinvolvedinmeaningfulwayswheretheyhavesomedegreeofownership.Anotherstakeholderpointedtotheneedtoengagemore residents in the 25-45 age group as a factor limiting collaboration. It was alsosuggestedthatthefaithcommunityhasnotbeenasengagedastheycouldbe.

§ Political will—some stakeholders reported that the commitment to aligning efforts aroundchildren’ssafetyislacking.“I’mafraidthatkidsdon’tcountthatmuch—atleastnotkidsinourcommunity.”Another stakeholder indicated that themayor,police chief and faith communityshouldspeakaboutsafetymoreoften.

V. EMERGINGLESSONSLEARNEDThroughthisanalyticalreview,JFMConsultingGroupidentifiedanumberoflessonsthathaveemergedthroughSkillman’sinvestmentsandactivities.Overall,theSkillmanFoundationhasalottobeproudof.There have been enormous gains made in each neighborhood including more access to better andrelevantdata,morecommunityengagementinresidentpatrolsandblightremoval,moreattentiontotheneeds thatyouthhave,andgreater investmentandalignment fromotherorganizationalpartnersandstakeholders to address crime and safety. With continued work and investment in these areas, thefoundationthathasbuiltinthesefirstfouryearswillhelpSkillmantomakeevengreaterimpactintheGNIneighborhoods.Withinthisprogressandthesesuccesses,thefollowingsectionalsoidentifieswaysthatthisworkcanbeevenstronger.Figure3belowprovidesasummaryofemerginglessons.A. Whilegainshavebeenmadeinreducingcrime,studentsstillexperienceunsafeconditions.The combination of safety patrols, blight removal and access to data has helped neighborhoodstakeholdersreducecrimerates,asevidencedintheprevioussections.Thesecrimereductions,however,comeslowly,duetoanumberofchallengesthatresidentscontinuetofaceintheGNIs.


29

• Economic opportunities: The lack of availability of legal economic opportunities hindersresidents’ ability to become economically stable and self sufficient. Greater and betteremploymentopportunitiesareneededforadultstobeabletosupportchildren,aswellas foryouthinordertodivertthemfromparticipatingincriminalactivitiesnowandinthefuture.

• Blight: Significant progress has been made in removing or boarding up blighted structures,particularly ondesignated SafeRoutes to School. However,many stakeholders discussed theneedtomaintainboarded-uppropertiestokeepthemsafeandfreefromcriminalactivity,aswellasimprovetheoverallappearanceandconditionoftheneighborhood.Ultimately,thereisaneedtoaddressmorepermanentsolutionsfortheabandonedhomesincludingrehabilitationandre-occupancy,ordemolition.

B. Utilizationofcrimedatahasimprovedtargetedsafetystrategiesandevengreaterdataaccessibilitywouldaugmentandexpandgainsinneighborhoods.TheneighborhoodCompStatmeetingshave significantly increased the availability and utilization of crime data by the DPD, residents andcommunityorganizations.However,accessibilityofcrimeandotherdataisstillachallengeasresidentsand organizational stakeholders have limited, if any, access to accurate and timely data in theirneighborhoods.Theneedsarounddatainclude:

• Additionalanalysisofgapbetweenactualcrimeandperceivedsafety: WhilethecrimerateshavedecreasedinallGNIneighborhoods,theperceptionofsafetyhasnotimprovedtothesamedegree.Abetterunderstandingofwhythisgapexistscouldhelpstakeholdersaddressit.

• Sharing of program data across organizations: A greater culture of sharing, learning, andaccountabilityneedstobecultivatedsothatallstakeholderscanworkmoreeffectively.Thereislittlereportingthatisrequiredofthedetailedactivitiesthatgranteesaredoing;forexample,ofthenumberand locationof resident safetypatrols,or thenumberof youthbeingengaged inwhich anti-violence activities. Greater sharing would help organizations coordinate theirstrategies,andlearnlessonsfromeachothertohavegreaterimpact.

• Accuracyofschoolcrimedata:Thereisanunderreportingofviolentorcriminalincidentsthatoccur in schools. This makes it difficult to address these problems appropriately. Moreinvestigationintohowbesttoreportincidentsandsupportschoolsdealingwithviolencecouldmakeanimpactonyouthviolence.

• Increaseaccesstocrimedatatoyouth:Toimproveperceptionofsafety,reductionsincrimeratesshouldbemorewidelysharedwithyouth.Suchincreasedawarenesscouldalsohelpyouthtakemoreownershipovercreatingsafeenvironments.

30

Figure3.SummaryofEmergingLessonsLearned

C. Stakeholdersaremorealigned,butmorecollaborationcouldincreaseimpact.Significantandunprecedentedprogresshasbeenmadetoachievegreateralignmentandcollaborationamongsafetystakeholders. The Skillman Foundation has helped bring together citywide and neighborhoodorganizations in new ways that have led to greater effectiveness. These new partnerships havedemonstratedhowpowerfulevenstrongercollaborationscouldbe.

• TheFoundationcouldplayagreaterrole:OrganizationsrespondandshowupwhentheSkillmanFoundation sends the invite. Stakeholders participate when Skillman is at the table. TheFoundation’s ability to convene should be utilized to encourage greater collaboration andcoordination.

Emerging Lessons Learned

A. GNIs saw overall

decreases in crime, though it is yet to be reflected in student

perceptions of safety.

B.Crime data is shared in new and more broad

ways. Additional access to and sharing

of data would increase effectiveness.

C.Progress has been driven by greater

collaboration, but more institutional and

stakeholder alignment could improve

community safety.

D.Resident engagement

has begun to shift community culture,

though more opportunities for youth

and residents are needed.

E.Greater police-

community engagement has

improved relations, and more work can be

done to break down barriers and expand

use of Restorative Practices.

F.Strengthen youth

leadership in safety initiatives and access to

positive community activities

G.Skillman's model is

replicable with room for adaptation to fit local

environments and contexts.


31

• Encouragecross-sectoralignment:SomanychallengesandissuesfacingtheGNIneighborhoodsare cross-cutting. More conversations, coordination, and sharing across sectors could helpincrease impact. For example, safety grantees sharing with education and civic leadershipgranteescouldhelpcoordinateandconcentrateefforts.

D. Shiftsincommunitycultureareemerging.Slowly,withgreaterengagementofresidentsandyouth,therehasbeensubtleshiftsininvolvement,andaccountabilityforthesafetyinneighborhoods.Continuedparticipationwillbroadenthisshift.Greaterattentioncouldbegivento:

• Exploring opportunities to challenge culture around “acceptable” violence: The GNIneighborhoodsandthecityasawholeneeda“moralleader”toaddresscultureofviolence,relatetoresidentsandyouth,andpromoteRestorativePracticeandalternativestoconflictresolution.

• Economicopportunitiesforparentsandyouth:Theongoinglackoflegitimateopportunitiesforfinancialstabilityundermineseffectivenessofsafetystrategies.

E. Continuedrelationshipbuildingwillbreakdownmorebarriers.Thepresenceofneighborhoodpoliceofficers in theGNIneighborhoodshasbeguntobuildstronger relationshipsbetweenresidents,youth,andthepolice.Moresuchopportunitieswillcontinuetohaveimpact.Somesuggestionsinclude:

• Moreopportunitiesfornon-punitiveandout-of-uniforminteractionswithpoliceofficersandresidents, especially youth: Building trust with police will happen, albeit slowly, with moreeverydayandrecreationalexperiencessharedamongstakeholders.

• Infrastructural support for community engagement:More organizational implementation ofblockcluborganizingandresidentengagementwillstrengthenrelationshipbuilding.

• Targetedrelationshipbuildingwithinandbetweenpopulations:Betterrelationshipsneedtobebuiltbetweenspecificgroupssuchasparentsandschools,residentsandpolice,youthandseniors.

• ExpandingRestorativePractice:OpportunitiesforexpandingutilizationofRestorativePracticesshould include additional training and mentoring of trained populations, new trainingopportunitiesamongnewconstituencies,andsharingpracticesmorebroadlythroughoutthecity.

F. Youthengagementhasdemonstratedpromiseformakingchange.Effortstoincludeyouthinsafety

strategieshavehelpedchangedmindsetsandincreasedaccountabilityforneighborhoodsafety.Theexpansionofsuchactivitieswouldstrengthenoutcomesintheneighborhoods.Suchactivitiescouldinclude:• Expandanddeepenyouthleadershipinsafetystrategies:Manyoftheactivitiesfocusedatyouth

havebeentosupporttheminschoolandinpreventinginvolvementincrime,butmoreyouth-ledactivities could put them at the center of addressing crime and safety challenges in theirneighborhoods. Moreengagementaroundneighborhoodbeautificationandblightremovalaswellasengagingyouthinmoredirectsafetyactivities,suchaspatrolsoranti-violenceandconflictinterventionactivitiescouldempowerthemtobechange-agents.

• Supportyouthrecreationalandcommunityactivities:Additionalopportunitiesareneededtoengageyouthinnon-criminalactivities,suchassports,education,arts,andcommunityactivities.

G. Skillman’smodelhasproved replicablewith room for local adaptation. Whilemanyof theGNI

neighborhoodsfacesimilarchallengesandcontexts,theyarealsounique.There’sabalancetobemadebetweenadheringtoamodelwithevidence-basedstrategiesforsuccessandallowingforlocal

32

neighborhoodstoformthosestrategiesinwaysthatworkbestforthem.Thiswasespeciallyevidentin Southwest Detroit compared to other GNI neighborhoods,where greater community cohesionalreadyexisted.

ImplicationsforFundingResourcesAreNeededto Increase“Dosage”. Progress thathasbeenmadecouldbemaintainedandexpandedbyinvestingmoreresourcesintothefollowingareas:

• SupportAdditionalNeighborhoodPoliceOfficers:TheNPOprogramhasbeenhighlysuccessfulinhelpingaddressresidentqualityoflifeissuesandbuildbetterconnectionsbetweenpoliceandresidents.TheNPOdistrictsaretoolargeandNPOsneedmorestaffingandresourcestobeabletoworkmoreeffectively.

• Supports for Youth:More resources for direct services for youth includingprosocial activities(sports,arts,youthleadership)aswellassupportforemploymentandcounselingisneededtoseeshiftsawayfrominvolvementincrime.

• Dedicated Neighborhood Coordinators: Neighborhood efforts have been bolstered by thededicationoffundstosupportneighborhoodsafetycoordinators.Continuationandexpansionofthesefundswouldcontinuetoexpandsafetyeffortsinexistingandnewneighborhoods.

• BlightRemoval:Tocontinuetoimproveenvironmentalsafetyconditions,morefundsareneededtosupportboardingupofandmaintainingimprovementstoabandonedandblightedhomes.


33

VI. APPENDICESAppendixA:MapSafetyStrategiesinDetroit

34

AppendixB:NeighborhoodSafetySchematics

! ! Grantees(

! Brightm

oor!Alliance!(BA)!

! Detroit!Public!Safety!Founda;on!(DPSF)!

! Motor!City!Blight!Busters!(MCBB)!

! United!Community!Housing!Coali;on!

! Plymouth!Educa;onal!Center!(PEC)!

Commun

ity(Pa

rtne

rs(

! Detroit!Blight!Authority!

! City!of!Detroit!

! Michigan!State!University!Extension/!

Master!Gardeners!

! Fer;le!Ground!Collec;ve!

! Wayne!M

etropolitan!Community!Ac;on!

Agency!

! Neighborhood!Legal!Services!

Neighbo

rhoo

d(Safety(Con

di7on

s(Crim

e(• 

2015!youth!vic;miza;on—9*!

• Part!I!violent!crime–!43*!!

• Part!I!property!crime–!93*!

*!Per!square!m

ile!!

Skillman

(Fou

nda7

on((

Brightm

oor(Safety(Stran

d(Sche

ma7

c(Investment!

Strategies!

! Consistent!patrols!

around!schools!and!

youth!programs!

! Clearly!iden;fied!safe!

pathways!

! Ac;ve!block!clubs!

! Blight!removal!

1.(Safe(Pa

thways(

2.(Com

mun

ity(

Embe

dded

(Policing(

3.(Transform

ed(

Commun

ity(Cu

lture(

4.(You

th(Violence(

Interven

7on

(

! Neighborhood!police!

officers!well[equipped!

and!connected!to!the!

community!

! ComStat!data!available!

and!used!to!drive!ac;on!

! Restora;ve!Prac;ces!

training!

! City[w

ide!safety!

commi]ee!

! Neighborhood!

safety!commi]ees!

! Youth!Violence!

Preven;on!Program!

! Opera;on!Cease!Fire!

! An;[gang!ac;vi;es!

! School!discipline!

policy!reform

!

( ( Rela7

onships(

! Establish!partnership!with!Detroit!Blight!

Authority!for!blight!removal!(BA)!

! Conduct!outreach!to!iden;fy!resident!

needs!(BA)!

! Organize!community!discussions!

concerning!blight!removal(BA)!

! Engage!and!train!youth/young!adults!

(MCBB)!

Physical(Environ

men

t(! 

Demolish!blighted!proper;es!(BA)!

! Clean!up!of!residen;al!lots!and!park!

maintenance!(MCBB)!

! Provide!training/resources!to!address!

housing!foreclosure!(UCHC)!

Conn

ec7on

(&(Coo

rdina7

on(

• Engage!in!Restora;ve!Prac;ces!training!

(PEC)!

( !

( ( Grantee(Level(!

! Blight!reduc;on–!footprint!expanded!from!

14[block!to!35[block!radius!(1)!

! Im

proved!appearance!of!neighborhood!

through!debris!and!trash!removal!(1)!!

! 84!tons!of!debris!and!trash!removed!!(1)!

! Increased!youth!engaged!in!the!community!

(4)!

Stud

ent(Pe

rcep

7on

s(! 

96%!students!felt!safe!at!home!(2)!

! 74%!students!felt!safe!inside!their!schools!

(1,4)!!

! 76%!students!felt!safe!in!youth!

development!programs!(1,4)!

! 54%!!students!felt!safe!outside!school!(1,4)(

Neighbo

rhoo

d(Safety(Outcomes(

! Expanded!safe!routes!for!youth!get!to!

school!and!youth!ac;vi;es!(1)!

! 28%!decline!in!violent!crime*!(2)!

! 40%!decline!in!property!crime*!(2)!

! 19%!decline!in!youth!vic;miza;on*!(2,4)!

*!Since!2012!

!

Neighbo

rhoo

d(Co

ntext(

Grantee(Ac7vi7es((G

rantees)(

Outcomes((Investm

ent(Strategies)(

Ac;vi;es!&!

Investments!

Investment!

Strategies!

Ac;vi;es!&!

Investments!


35

! ! Grantees(

! De

troit!C

rime!Co

mmission!(DCC

)!! 

Detroit!P

ublic!Safety!Foun

da9o

n!(DPSF)!

! United!Co

mmun

ity!Hou

sing!Co

ali9on

!(UCH

C)!

Commun

ity(Pa

rtne

rs(

! Ci9=Camp!

! De

troit!Y

outh!Violence!Preven

9on!

! Ch

adsey=Co

ndon

!Com

mun

ity!

Organiza

9on!

! De

troit!P

olice!De

pt.!

Neighbo

rhoo

d(Safety(Con

di7on

s(Crim

e(• 

2015!you

th!violent!crim

e—15*!

• Violen

t!crim

e!incide

nts–!62*!

*!Ra

te!per!sq

uare!m

ile!

Skillman

(Fou

nda7

on((

Chad

sey;Co

ndon

(Safety(Strand

(Schem

a7c(

Investment!Strategies!

! Co

nsisten

t!patrols!

arou

nd!sc

hools!a

nd!

youth!programs!

! Clearly

!iden

9fied

!safe!

pathways!

! Ac9ve!block!club

s!! 

Blight!re

moval!

1.(Safe(Pa

thways(

2.(Com

mun

ity(

Embe

dded

(Policing(

3.(Transform

ed(

Commun

ity(Cu

lture(

4.(You

th(Violence(

Interven

7on

(

! Neighbo

rhoo

d!po

lice!

officers!well=e

quippe

d!and!conn

ected!to!th

e!commun

ity!

! Co

mStat!data!available!

and!used

!to!driv

e!ac9o

n!

! Re

stora9

ve!Prac9ces!

training!

! City=w

ide!safety!

commiXee!

! Neighbo

rhoo

d!safety!com

miXees!

! Yo

uth!Violen

ce!

Preven

9on!Program!

! Ope

ra9o

n!Ce

ase!Fire!

! An

9=gang!ac9vi9e

s!! 

Scho

ol!disc

ipline!

policy!reform

!

( ( Rela7

onships(

• NPO

s!equ

ippe

d!with

!cell!pho

nes!a

nd!

traine

d!in!sa

fety!ini9a9

ves!!(DPSF)!

Physical(Environ

men

t(! 

Provide!training/resou

rces!to

!add

ress!

housing!foreclosure!(UCH

C)!

Conn

ec7on

(&(Coo

rdina7

on(

• Leverage!partners/resources!to!supp

ort!

violen

ce!preven9

on!(A

LL)!

( !

( ( Grantee(Level!

! Stronger!con

nec9on

s!throu

gh!highly!

engaged!Neighbo

rhoo

d!Po

lice!Officers!(2

)!! 

Increase!com

mun

ity!awaren

ess!o

f!hou

sing!

shi[s!a

nd!blight!interven

9on!(1,3)!

Stud

ent(Pe

rcep

7on

s(! 

97%!stud

ents!fe

lt!safe!at!h

ome!(1,2)!

! 80%!stud

ents!fe

lt!safe!insid

e!their!schoo

ls!(1,4)!!

! 79%!stud

ents!fe

lt!safe!in!you

th!

developm

ent!p

rogram

s!(1,4)!

! 61%!!stude

nts!felt!safe!ou

tside!scho

ol!(1

)(Neighbo

rhoo

d(Safety(Outcomes(

! 31%!decline!in!violent!crim

e*!(2

)!! 

30%!!decline!in!prope

rty!crim

e*!(2

)!! 

30%!increase!in!you

th!vic9m

iza9o

n!(1,4)!

*Since!2012!

Neighbo

rhoo

d(Co

ntext(

Grantee(Ac7vi7es((G

rantees)(

Outcomes((Investm

ent(Strategies)(

Ac9vi9es!&!Investments!


Ac9vi9es!&!Investments!

36

! Grantees(

! Black!Family!Develop

men

t!Inc.!(BFDI)!

! City!Con

nect!Detroit!(CCD

)!! 

United!Co

mmun

ity!Hou

sing!Co

ali>on

!! 

Detroit!C

rime!Co

mmission!(DCC

)!! 

Detroit!P

ublic!Safety!Foun

da>o

n!(DPSF)!

! Wayne

!State!University

!(WSU

)!Co

mmun

ity(Pa

rtne

rs(

! Ci>DCamp!

! De

troit!Y


>on!

! Co

dy!Rou

ge!Ac>on

!Alliance!

! U.S.!A

Jorney’s!Office!

! Michigan!State!University

!! 

CeaseFire

!Detroit!

! The!Yo

uth!Co

nnec>o

n!! 

Detroit!P

olice!De

pt.!

Neighbo

rhoo

d(Safety(Con

di7on

s(2015(

• Yo

uth!violen

t!crim

e—14*!!(1

9%!decline)!

• Part!I!Violen

t!Crim

es–!74*!!!

• 60!crim

e!ho

t!spo

ts!

• Blighted

!hou

sing–!!

*Rate!pe

r!squ

are!mile!

Skillman

(Fou

nda7

on((

Cody(Rou

ge(Safety(Strand

(Schem

a7c(


! Co

nsisten

t!patrols!

arou

nd!sc

hools!a

nd!

youth!programs!

! Clearly

!iden

>fied

!safe!

pathways!

! Ac>ve!block!club

s!! 

Blight!re

moval!

1.(Safe(Pa

thways(

2.(Com

mun

ity(

Embe

dded

(Policing(

3.(Transform

ed(

Commun

ity(Cu

lture(

4.(You

th(Violence(

Interven

7on

(

! Neighbo

rhoo

d!po

lice!

officers!wellDe

quippe

d!and!conn

ected!to!th

e!commun

ity!

! Co


and!used

!to!driv

e!ac>o

n!

! Re

stora>

ve!Prac>ces!

training!

! CityDw

ide!safety!

commiJee!

! Neighbo

rhoo

d!safety!com

miJees!

! Yo

uth!Violen

ce!

Preven

>on!Program!

! Ope

ra>o

n!Ce

ase!Fire!

! An

>Dgang!ac>vi>e

s!! 

Scho

ol!disc

ipline!

policy!reform

!

( Rela7

onships(

! Plan/im

plem

ent!com

mun

ity!sa

fety!strategy!(B

FDI)!

! De

sign/im

plem

ent!y

outh!engagem

ent!strategy!

(BFD

I)!! 

Organize

/engage!resid

ents/stakeho

lders!in!block!

club

s!(WSU

)!Ph

ysical(Environ

men

t(! 


rces!to

!add

ress!hou

sing!

foreclosure!(UCH

C)!

! Im

plem

ent!S

afe!Ro

utes!to

!Schoo

l!(WSU

)!Co

nnec7on

(&(Coo

rdina7

on(


ort!violence!

preven

>on!and!proDsafety!culture.!

• Work!with

!police,!te

ache

rs,!paren

ts!to

!promote!

Restora>

ve!Prac>ces!(BD

FI)!

• Co

ordinate/sup

port!expansio

n!of!sa

fe!places!a

nd!

quality

!you

th!develop

men

t!ac>vi>e

s!(CC

D)!

• Partne

r!w/DPD

!and

!TYC

!to!re

duce!gang!violen

ce!

(DCC

)!• 

Partne

rs!u>lize

!data!to!inform

!strategies!(W

SU,!

DCC,!BDF

I)!

!

( Grantee(Level!

! Establish

ed!Safe!Ro

utes!&!Safety!Sta>

ons!(1)!

! Stronger!con

nec>on

s!throu

gh!highly!en

gaged!

Neighbo

rhoo

d!Po

lice!Officers!(2

,3)!

! Increased!block!club

s!and

!resid

ent!e

ngagem

ent!

(3)!

! Increased!youth!en

gaged!in!th

e!commun

ity!(4

)!! 

Increased!commun

ity!awaren

ess!o

f!crim

e!data,!

safety,!and

!an>

Dviolence!prac>ces!(3

)!! 

Provided

!alte

rna>

ves!for!gang!mem

bers!(3

,4)!

Stud

ent(Pe

rcep

7on

s(! 

97%!stud

ents!fe

lt!safe!at!h

ome!(2)!

! 77%!stud

ents!fe

lt!safe!insid

e!their!schoo

ls!(1,4)!

! 75%!stud

ents!fe

lt!safe!in!you

th!develop

men

t!programs!(1,4)!

! 54%!!stude

nts!felt!safe!ou

tside!scho

ol!(1

)(Neighbo

rhoo

d(Safety(Outcomes(

! 15%!decline!in!violent!crim

e*!(2

,4)!

! 38%!decline!in!prope

rty!crim

e*!(2

)!! 

19%!decline!in!you

th!vic>m

iza>o

n!(1,4)!

*Since!2012!

!

Neighbo

rhoo

d(Co

ntext(

Grantee(Ac7vi7es((G

rantees)(

Outcomes((Investm

ent(Strategies)(

Ac>vi>es!&!Investments!




37

! ! Gran

tees(

! Detroit!Public!Safety!Founda4on!(DPSF)!

! United!Community!Housing!Coali4on!

(UCHC)!

Commun

ity(Partners(

! Ci4=Camp!

! Detroit!Youth!Violence!Preven4on!

! Detroit!Police!Dept.!

Neighbo

rhoo

d(Safety(Con

di7o

ns(Crim

e(• 

2015!youth!violent!crime—13*!

• Violent!crime!incidents–!77*!

*!Rate!per!square!m

ile!

Skillman

(Fou

nda7

on((

North(End

(Safety(Strand

(Schem

a7c(

Investment!

Strategies!

! Consistent!patrols!

around!schools!and!

youth!programs!

! Clearly!iden4fied!safe!

pathways!

! Ac4ve!block!clubs!

! Blight!removal!

1.(Safe(Pa

thways(

2.(Com

mun

ity(

Embe

dded

(Policing(

3.(Transform

ed(

Commun

ity(Culture(

4.(You

th(Violence(

Interven

7on(

! Neighborhood!police!

officers!well=equipped!

and!connected!to!the!

community!

! ComStat!data!available!

and!used!to!drive!ac4on!

! Restora4ve!Prac4ces!

training!

! City=w

ide!safety!

commiWee!

! Neighborhood!

safety!commiWees!

! Youth!Violence!

Preven4on!Program!

! Opera4on!Cease!Fire!

! An4=gang!ac4vi4es!

! School!discipline!

policy!reform

!

( ( Rela7o

nships(

• NPOs!equipped!with!cell!phones!and!

trained!in!safety!ini4a4ves!!(DPSF)!

Physical(Enviro

nmen

t(! 

Provide!training/resources!to!address!

housing!foreclosure!(UCHC)!

Conn

ec7o

n(&(Coo

rdina7

on(

• Leverage!partners/resources!to!support!

violence!preven4on!(ALL)!

( !

( ( Gran

tee(Level!

! Stronger!connec4ons!through!highly!

engaged!Neighborhood!Police!Officers!(2)!

! Increase!community!awareness!of!housing!

shi[s!and!blight!interven4on!(1,!3)!

Stud

ent(P

ercep7

ons(

! 96%!students!felt!safe!at!home!(2)!

! 76%!students!felt!safe!inside!their!schools!

(1,4)!!

! 78%!students!felt!safe!in!youth!

development!programs!(1,4)!

! 61%!!students!felt!safe!outside!school!(1)(

Neighbo

rhoo

d(Safety(Outcomes(

! 16%!decline!in!violent!crime*!(2,!4)!

! 26%!!decline!in!property!crime*!(2)!

! 8%!decline!in!youth!vic4miza4on!(2,4)!

! *Since!2012(

Neighbo

rhoo

d(Co

ntext(

Gran

tee(Ac

7vi7es((G

rantees)(

Outcomes((Investm

ent(S

trategies)(

Ac4vi4es!&!

Investments!

Investment!

Strategies!

Ac4vi4es!&!

Investments!

38

! ! Gran

tees(

! Black!Family!Develop

men

t!Inc.!(BFDI)!

! City!Con

nect!Detroit!(CCD

)!! 

United!Co

mmun

ity!Hou

sing!Co

ali>on

!! 

Detroit!C

rime!Co

mmission!(DCC

)!! 

Detroit!P

ublic!Safety!Foun

da>o

n!(DPSF)!

! Wayne

!State!University

!(WSU

)!Co

mmun

ity(Partners(

! Ci>DCamp!

! De

troit!Y


>on!

! Osborn!Neighbo

rhoo

d!Alliance!

! Michigan!State!University

!! 

CeaseFire

!Detroit!

! The!Yo

uth!Co

nnec>o

n!! 

Detroit!P

olice!De

pt.!

Neighbo

rhoo

d(Safety(Con

di7o

ns(Crim

e(• 

2015!you

th!vic>m

iza>o

n—21*!

• Part!I!violen

t!crim

e–!121*!

• Part!I!prop

erty!crim

e–!214*!!

• 75!crim

e!ho

t!spo

ts!

*!Ra

te!per!sq

uare!m

ile!

Skillman

(Fou

nda7

on((

Osborn(Safety(Stran

d(Sche

ma7

c(Investment!Strategies!

! Co

nsisten

t!patrols!

arou

nd!sc

hools!a

nd!

youth!programs!

! Clearly

!iden

>fied

!safe!

pathways!

! Ac>ve!block!club

s!! 

Blight!re

moval!

1.(Safe(Pa

thways(

2.(Com

mun

ity(

Embe

dded

(Policing(

3.(Transform

ed(

Commun

ity(Culture(

4.(You

th(Violence(

Interven

7on(

! Neighbo

rhoo

d!po

lice!

officers!wellDe

quippe

d!and!conn

ected!to!th

e!commun

ity!

! Co


and!used

!to!driv

e!ac>o

n!

! Re

stora>

ve!Prac>ces!

training!

! CityDw

ide!safety!

commi\ee!

! Neighbo

rhoo

d!safety!com

mi\ees!

! Yo

uth!Violen

ce!

Preven

>on!Program!

! Ope

ra>o

n!Ce

ase!Fire!

! An

>Dgang!ac>vi>e

s!! 

Scho

ol!disc

ipline!

policy!reform

!

( ( Rela7o

nships(

! Plan/im

plem

ent!com

mun

ity!sa

fety!

strategy!(B

FDI)!

! De

sign/im

plem

ent!y

outh!engagem

ent!

strategy!(B

FDI)!

! Organize

/engage!resid

ents/stakeho

lders!

in!block!clubs!(W

SU)!

Physical(Enviro

nmen

t(! 


rces!to

!add

ress!

housing!foreclosure!(UCH

C)!

! Im

plem

ent!S

afe!Ro

utes!to

!Schoo

l!(WSU

)!Co

nnec7o

n(&(Coo

rdina7

on(


ort!

violen

ce!preven>

on!

• En

gage!in!Restora>ve!Prac>ces!training!

(BDF

)!• 

Coordinate/sup

port!expansio

n!of!sa

fe!

places!and

!quality!youth!de

velopm

ent!

ac>vi>es!(C

CD)!

• Partne

r!w/DPD

!and

!TYC

!to!re

duce!gang!

violen

ce!(D

CC)!

!

( ( Gran

tee(Level!

! Establish

ed!Safe!Ro

utes!&!Safety!Sta>

ons!(1)!!

! Stronger!con

nec>on

s!throu

gh!highly!en

gaged!

Neighbo

rhoo

d!Po

lice!Officers!(2

)!! 

Increased!block!club

s!&!re

siden

t!engagem

ent!(3)!

! Increased!youth!en

gaged!in!th

e!commun

ity!(4

)!Stud

ent(P

ercep7

ons(

! 96%!stud

ents!fe

lt!safe!at!h

ome!(2)!

! 73%!stud

ents!fe

lt!safe!insid

e!their!schoo

ls!(1,4)!

! 74%!stud

ents!fe

lt!safe!in!you

th!develop

men

t!programs!(1,4)!

! 58%!!stude

nts!felt!safe!ou

tside!scho

ol!(1

)(Neighbo

rhoo

d(Safety(Outcomes(

! 7%

!decline!in!violent!crim

e*!(2

,4)!

! 31%!decline!in!prope

rty!crim

e*!(2

)!! 

19%!decline!in!you

th!vic>m

iza>o

n*!(1

,4)!

*!Since!2012!

Neighbo

rhoo

d(Co

ntext(

Gran

tee(Ac

7vi7es((G

rantees)(

Outcomes((Investm

ent(S

trategies)(





39

Grantee

s§

BlackF

amilyDevelopmentInc.(B

FDI)

§Un

itedCo

mmunityHousin

gCoalition

§De

troitC

rimeC

ommission(DC

C)§

DetroitP

ublicSa

fetyFo

undation(DP

SF)

§WayneStateU

niversity(W

SU)

Commun

ityPartners

§De

troitYou

thViolen

cePrevention

§Co

ngressofCom

munities

§U.S.Attorney’sO

ffice

§MichiganStateU

niversity

§CeaseFire

Detroit

§TheY

outhCon

nection

§De

troitP

olice

Dept.

Neighbo

rhoodSafetyConditio

ns2015

•Youthviolentcrim

e—7*%(26%

decline

since201

2)•

PartIV

iolentCrim

e–40*

•Blightedhousin

g–*Ratep

ersq

uaremile

Skillman

Foundation

SouthwestSafetyStrandSchem

atic

InvestmentStrategies

§Consistentpatro

lsaroundschoolsand

youthprograms

§Clearlyidentifiedsafe

pathways

§Activeblockclu

bs§

Blightrem

oval

1.SafePathways

2.Com

mun

ity

Embe

dded

Policing

3.Transform

ed

Commun

ityCultu

re4.You

thViolence

Interven

tion

§Ne

ighborhoodpolice

officerswell-equipped

andconnectedtoth

ecommunity

§ComStatdataavailable

andusedtodriveaction

§RestorativePractices

training

§City-widesafety

committee

§Ne

ighborhood

safetyco

mmittees

§YouthViolence

PreventionProgram

§OperationCeaseFire

§An

ti-gangactivities

§Schooldiscipline

policyreform

Relation

ships

§Plan/im

plem

entcom

munitysafetystrategy

(BFD

I)§

Desig

n/im

plem

entyouthen

gagementstrategy

(BFD

I)§

Organize/engageresidents/stakeholdersinb

lock

club

s(WSU

)Ph

ysicalEnviron

ment

§Providetraining/resourcestoaddressh

ousin

gforeclosure(UC

HC)

§Im

plem

entSafeR

outestoSchool(W

SU)

Conn

ectio

n&Coordination

•Leveragepartners/resourcestosupportviolence

preventio

nandp

ro-sa

fetycu

lture.

•Workw

ithpo

lice,teachers,parentstopromote

RestorativeP

ractice

s(BD

FI)

•Co

ordinate/sup

portexpansiono

fsafep

laces

andqu

alityyo

uthdevelopm

entactivities(CC

D)•

Partnerw

/DPD

andTYCtoreducega

ngviole

nce

(DCC

)•

Partnersutilize

datatoinform

strategie

s(WSU

,DC

C,BDF

I)

GranteeLevel

§Establish

edSafeRoutesandSafetyStations(1)

§Strongerconnectionsthroughhighlyengaged

NeighborhoodPolice

Officers(2

)§

Increasedblockclu

bsandresid

ent

engagement(3)

§Increasedyouthengagedinthecommunity(4)

§Increaseco

mmunityawarenesso

fcrim

edata,

safety,andanti-violencepractices(3)

§Providedalternativesforgangmem

bers(4)

StudentPerceptions

§97%studentsfeltsafeathom

e(2)

§81%studentsfeltsafeinsid

etheirschools(1,4)

§71%studentsfeltsafeinyouthdevelopment

programs(1,4)

§67%studentsfeltsafeoutsid

eschool(1

)NeighborhoodSafetyOutcomes

§33%declineinviolentcrim

e*(2,4)

§37%declineinproperty

crim

e*(2

)§

26%declineinyouthvictimiza

tion*(1,4)

*Since2012

Neighbo

rhoodContext

Grantee

Activities(G

rantees)

Outcomes(Investm

entStrategies)

Activities&Investments

InvestmentStrategies

Activities&Investments

40

AppendixC:ListofInterviewees

Skill

man

Saf

ety

Rev

iew

Inte

rvie

wee

Lis

t

*To

ga

in f

urt

he

r in

sig

ht

on

sa

fety

activitie

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th

e t

arg

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ds,

the

se

we

re a

dd

itio

na

l in

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iew

s c

on

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cte

d in

Ju

ne

20

16

with

ne

igh

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rho

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xe

cu

tive

dir

ecto

rs a

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/or

ke

y le

ad

ers

ea

ch

wo

rkin

g in

Co

dy R

ou

ge

, O

sb

orn

an

d S

ou

thw

est

De

tro

it.

**

BM

=B

rig

htm

oo

r; C

C=

Ch

ad

se

y C

on

do

n;

CR

=C

od

y R

ou

ge

; N

E=

No

rth

En

d;

OS

=O

sb

orn

; S

W=

So

uth

we

st

Inte

rvie

ws w

ere

co

nd

ucte

d b

etw

ee

n t

he

mo

nth

s o

f F

eb

rua

ry a

nd

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rch

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.

Loca

tion

of S

afet

y W

ork*

# N

ame

Org

aniz

atio

n Po

sitio

n B

M

CC

C

R

NE

O

S

SW

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cro

ss

all

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(6)

City

-w

ide

1

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e T

ho

mp

so

n

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am

ily D

eve

lop

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nt

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(BF

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ü

ü

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ge

l G

arc

ia

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ste

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tio

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l H

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l A

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g P

rin

cip

al

ü

3

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nie

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ng

ton

D

etr

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th V

iole

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ve

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two

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ü

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4

Ch

ris L

am

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rt

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mo

de

led

C

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ü

ü

5

Da

ryl H

arr

is*

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tal L

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ea

se

fire

/Dis

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r

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6

Ed

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hig

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te U

niv

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ity –

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oo

l o

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l Ju

stice

P

rofe

sso

r/D

ire

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r, M

ich

iga

n

Ju

stice

Sta

tistics

ü

7

Ga

rry B

ullu

ck

De

pt.

of

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igh

bo

rho

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s –

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tric

t 3

M

an

ag

er

ü

8

He

nry

McC

len

do

n

Th

e S

kill

ma

n F

ou

nd

atio

n

Pro

gra

m O

ffic

er

ü

9

Ja

ym

e D

am

niz

D

etr

oit Y

ou

th P

reve

ntio

n N

etw

ork

P

reve

ntio

n/P

BIS

Co

ord

ina

tor

ü

10

Jo

hn

ath

on

Ma

tth

ew

s

Co

dy A

ca

de

my O

f P

ub

lic L

ea

de

rsh

ip

Pri

ncip

al

ü

11

K

en

ye

tta

Ca

mp

be

ll*

Co

dy R

ou

ge

Co

mm

un

ity A

ctio

n A

llia

nce

E

xe

cu

tive

Dir

ecto

r

ü


41

Skill

man

Saf

ety

Rev

iew

Inte

rvie

wee

Lis

t

*To

ga

in f

urt

he

r in

sig

ht

on

sa

fety

act

iviti

es

in t

he

ta

rge

ted

ne

igh

bo

rho

od

s, t

he

se w

ere

ad

diti

on

al i

nte

rvie

ws c

on

du

cte

d in

Ju

ne

20

16

with

ne

igh

bo

rho

od

e

xecu

tive

dir

ect

ors

an

d/o

r ke

y le

ad

ers

ea

ch w

ork

ing

in C

od

y R

ou

ge

, O

sbo

rn a

nd

So

uth

we

st D

etr

oit.

**

BM

=B

rig

htm

oo

r; C

C=

Ch

ad

sey

Co

nd

on

; C

R=

Co

dy

Ro

ug

e;

NE

=N

ort

h E

nd

; O

S=

Osb

orn

; S

W=

So

uth

we

st

Loca

tion

of S

afet

y W

ork*

*

#

Nam

e O

rgan

izat

ion

Posi

tion

1

2

3

4

5

6

Acr

oss

a

ll si

x (6

) C

ity-

wid

e

12

L

yke

Th

om

pso

n

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yne

Sta

te U

niv

ers

ity –

Ce

nte

r fo

r U

rba

n S

tud

ies

Dir

ect

or,

Pro

fess

or

of

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litic

al

Sci

en

ce

ü

13

M

ari

a S

alin

as*

C

on

gre

ss o

f C

om

mu

niti

es

Exe

cutiv

e D

ire

cto

r

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14

R

am

on

a W

ash

ing

ton

A

me

rico

rps

Urb

an

Sa

fety

Pro

gra

m/

Wa

yne

Sta

te U

niv

ers

ity C

en

ter

for

Urb

an

S

tud

ies

Pro

gra

m D

ire

cto

r /

Re

sea

rch

A

ssis

tan

t

ü

15

R

ay

So

lom

on

D

ep

t. o

f N

eig

hb

orh

oo

ds

– D

istr

ict

7

Ma

na

ge

r

ü

16

R

ay

Win

an

s D

etr

oit

Ce

ase

fire

C

om

mu

nity

Org

an

ize

r

ü

17

R

ico

Ra

zo

De

pt.

of

Ne

igh

bo

rho

od

s –

Dis

tric

t 6

M

an

ag

er

ü

18

R

ob

ert

Th

orn

ton

S

killm

an

Fo

un

da

tion

S

en

ior

Pro

gra

m O

ffic

er

ü

19

R

od

eri

ck B

row

n

De

tro

it P

ub

lic S

cho

ols

C

hie

f S

tra

teg

y O

ffic

er

ü

20

S

au

l Gre

en

D

etr

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uth

Vio

len

ce P

reve

ntio

n

Ne

two

rk

Ch

air

(fo

rme

r)

ü

ü

Safety Review Strategy: 2013–2016 JFM Consultants Inc. · 2017-11-26 · The Skillman Foundation...

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Transcript of Safety Review Strategy: 2013–2016 JFM Consultants Inc. · 2017-11-26 · The Skillman Foundation...