Safety Culture

7/18/2019 Safety Culture

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Summary Slide

Tutorial 1

Safety Culture & Safety Management


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Tutorial 1

Safety Culture & Safety Management

SK Poon


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Tutorial

Purpose of the tutorial

The assignment How to tackle the Problems

Action Strategies

Critical issues

Improvement opportunities

Reflection


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Assignment No. 1

How significant is safety culture to the effective implementation

of safety management?

In attempting the assessment task you shoul! consi!er the

following"

#$ In your opinion how easy is it to esta%lish a positive safety

culture in an organi&ation which has ineffective me!iocre

or a negative safety culture?

'$ In your opinion how can a poor safety culture %e change!

or how can an effective proactive safety culture %e

improve!?

($ )rom the rea!ings the mo!ules you have consulte! an!

your own e*perience which are the safety management

tools an! practices that can intro!uce effective safety

culture or change a negative safety culture?


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Safety Culture an overview

+efinition of ,Safety Culture-?

.hy ,Safety Culture-? Historical path from safety engineering to

culture change /Simon 0 1eik2

Stages of safety culture /3arrachough 0 Carnino$#4452

6anagement role 0 actions/3arrachough 0Carnino$ #4452


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Definition of TSM

How a%out if you !on7t know the answer?

Tips:

Refer to the course materials provided

Brain-storming through group discussion

Ask an epert

Conduct an intensive li!rary"internet search using theright key#ords and searching techni$ues

Summari%e the findings and make sense of themeaning

ut it in your o#n #ords

ut the ne# ideas into practice

Revie# the results 'reflection(


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Pre-tutorial eadings

Read Reading ) - *oetsch+ ,. 1//0+ 2sta!lish aTSM culture+ in Implementing Total Safety

Management: Safety, Health, and Competitiveness inthe Global Marketplace,rentice 3all+ pp 415-4)1+and

Reading 16 - Simon+ RA & S7 1//8+ 7mprovingsafety performance through cultural interventions+ inEssentials of Safety and Health Management,ed

R9 .ack+ CRC ress 7nc :SA+ pp 541-5);+ andconsider the $uestions set out inAssignment


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!"-#"$ of all industrial a%%idents areattriutale to '(uman fa%tors'

=7nvestigations into ma>or disasters such as iper Alpha+?ee!rugee+ @li!orough+ Chapham unction+ andCherno!yl have revealed that comple systems !rokedo#n disastrously+ despite the adoption of the full range of

engineering and technical safeguards+ !ecause peoplefailed to do #hat they #ere supposed to do These #erenot simple+ individual errors+ !ut malpractices thatcorrupted large parts of the social system that makesorgani%ations function Safety eperts no# estimatethat 06-/6 of all industrial accidents are attri!uta!le tohuman factors 7t is no# #idely accepted that the mosteffective #ay to reduce accident rates is to address thesocial and organi%ational factors

88Mark Fleming and Ronny Lardner


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Definition of TSM Culture

A TS6 culture is the every!ay manifestation

of a !eeply ingraine! set of valuesthat makescontinually improving the work environmentone of the organi&ation7s highest priorities$ Itshows up inproce!ures e*pectations/performance2 ha%its an! tra!itionsthatpromote safety health an! competitiveness$/Page 9:2

;oetsch +$1$ #445


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)stalis( a TSM Culture

TS6 cultural characteristics /P'#>2

I!entifying an! removing organi&ationalroa!%locks /P'#52

Turn key people into a!vocate

;aining a commitment to safety /P#2


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*istori%al +at( from safetyengineering to %ulture %(ange

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)ngineering

),

)nfor%ement

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),

)du%ation

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0e(aviour-ased

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CC

Culture

C(ange

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CC


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Advi%e from 0e(aviorists). S%ott eller. . . 2T(e Psy%(ology of Safety3

,The intent must not %e to control people%ut to help them control their own %ehaviorfor the safety of themselves an! others$ This

is why the terms such as %ehaviormo!ification !iscipline an! enforcementare inappropriate$ They carry theconnotation of outsi!e control$ The %ottomline is that %ehavior is motivated byconseuencesthat are o%vious an!imme!iate-


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0e(avior-0ased Safety vs*ierar%(y of Control of *a4ards

!e"avior#!ased $a%ety

#$ The %elief that worker %ehavior is the precursor to safetyor in@ury

'$ Implementation must %e achieve! through training/lots2

($ High participation is critical for success

9$ 6anagement commitment to the process is essential

$ 3ehavior is o%@ective an! can %e o%serve!B$ nsafe or at8risk %ehavior can %e o%@ectively measure!

>$ Improving safe %ehavior an! minimi&ing at8risk%ehaviors re!uces in@uries


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*ierar%(y of *ealt( & Safety Controls

#$ =limination or su%stitution

'$ =ngineering controls

($ .arnings

9$ Training an! Proce!uresDA!ministrativecontrols

$ Personal Protective =Euipment

Fational Safety Council 0 A. Paper on ,A nion CritiEue of

3ehavior Safety


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)m+loyees Com+laints aout 0e(avior-0ased safety

Ignores hierarchy of risk controls

Fot a risk management approach

Puts responsi%ility of worker Creates climate of fear

Rules %ase! approach only

Takes employer an! regulator off the hook

Research %ase! on false an! Euestiona%lelogic


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*ealt( & Safety Pro%ess Model

I!entification =valuation Control

+ata Analysis

Claims assessment

Surveys 0 Guestionnaires

Interviews

.orker Complaints

;overnment Regulations

InspectionsDAu!its

Risk Assessment

Ha&ar! Analysis

Select Controls %ase!

on Hierarchy

A. Safety 6o!el


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Assignment 1 a

How easy is it to esta%lish a positive safety

culture in an organi&ation which hasineffective me!iocre or a negative safetyculture?

&ints"@ind out from p )4+ )) and 41D and the article of

Barraclough & Carnino a!out the characteristics of apositive safety culture

Based on the findings+ comments on the ho# difficult isit to achieve the performance characteri%ed !y thosefeatures of a positive safety culture


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Assignment 1

In your opinion how can a poor safetyculture %e change! or how can an effective

proactive safety culture %e improve!?

&ints"Read age ))-)5

:nderstand the Culture 7ce!ergE concept illustrated onage );

:se *FF*.2 to conduct a search on Cultural

C(angeE and Management of C(angeESummari%e #hat A%tion Strategiescould !e adopted

Comments on their limitations and implications
http://www.ic.polyu.edu.hk/posh97/private/culture/action-theory.dochttp://www.ic.polyu.edu.hk/posh97/private/culture/action-theory.doc


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A%tionale Model

T(eories of A%tions

Chris Argris & ,onald SchGn
http://www.ic.polyu.edu.hk/posh97/private/culture/action-theory.dochttp://www.ic.polyu.edu.hk/posh97/private/culture/action-theory.doc


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Assignment 1 %

.hich are the safety management tools an!

practices that can intro!uce effective safetyculture or change a negative safety culture?

&ints:nderstand the safety management concepts

Make reference to the TFF.H7TSE 9e!page at :R.IhttpI""###icpolyueduhk"safety"toolkits"indehtm

Search and select SM tools and good practices that can!e put into practice
http://www.ic.polyu.edu.hk/safety/toolkits/index.htmhttp://www.ic.polyu.edu.hk/safety/toolkits/index.htmhttp://www.ic.polyu.edu.hk/safety/toolkits/index.htm


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5(at C(ara%teri4es a ood SafetyManagement System6

+iscuss in groups

Summari&e an! present the results of!iscussion %y a group representative


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Case Study

An integrate! S6S of an airport /http"DDicnet$polyu$e!u$hkD!(DairportDfinal':reportDfinal8re

port8presentation$ppt2
http://icnet.polyu.edu.hk/d3/airport/final%20report/final-report-presentation.ppthttp://icnet.polyu.edu.hk/d3/airport/final%20report/final-report-presentation.ppthttp://icnet.polyu.edu.hk/d3/airport/final%20report/final-report-presentation.ppthttp://icnet.polyu.edu.hk/d3/airport/final%20report/final-report-presentation.ppt


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JStakeholdersJRegulating Agencies"units

JStakeholdersJRegulating Agencies"units

T(e )7ternal

)nvironment

Continuous 7mprovement7ntegration

Safety Management Revie#

Continuous 7mprovement7ntegration

Safety Management Revie#

Communication

Audit " Revie#

Communication

Audit " Revie#

)valuation of Performan%e

FS3 olicy

*oals & F!>ectives

Performan%e Standards

Fverall Safety lanning

Manual & *uidelinesKto !e prepared !y .ine ,epartmentsL

FS3 olicy

*oals & F!>ectives

Performan%e Standards

Fverall Safety lanning

Manual & *uidelinesKto !e prepared !y .ine ,epartmentsL

@ormulation

8S* Pro%ess

8S* Training

Risk Management rograms

Fperational Safety rocedures

revent " Correct Actions

rocurement " Contractors

2mergency preparedness

8S* Training

Risk Management rograms

Fperational Safety rocedures

revent " Correct Actions

rocurement " Contractors

2mergency preparedness

7mplementation " Fperations

JMeeting FS3 *oals & F!>ectivesJAccident & 7n>ury RatesJChanges in 2fficiency

J8verall Safety Performan%e9to eprepared !y .ine ,epartmentsL

JMeeting FS3 *oals & F!>ectivesJAccident & 7n>ury RatesJChanges in 2fficiency

J8verall Safety Performan%e9to eprepared !y .ine ,epartmentsL

Safety Performan%e

'Futputs(

Cor+orate Safety ManagementKreference Recommendation ectives

Safety Se%tion

FS3 Advisor

Fverall lanning and erformance Monitoring

:nitiation

'FS3 inputs(

;1 ;, ;/

Contra%tors

;ine De+artments

2mployee articipation

Contra%tors Contra%tors

:ntegrated Performan%e-ased

Safety Management System

Safety Management System

Safety Management Stru%ture

Safety Culture

Documents

Transcript of Safety Culture