SAFETY ASSESSMENT OF COSMETIC PRODUCTS IN THE EU Vera ROGIERS Head of Dept. of Toxicology Vrije...
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Transcript of SAFETY ASSESSMENT OF COSMETIC PRODUCTS IN THE EU Vera ROGIERS Head of Dept. of Toxicology Vrije...
SAFETY ASSESSMENT OF COSMETIC PRODUCTS IN THE EU
Vera ROGIERSHead of Dept. of Toxicology
Vrije Universiteit BrusselBelgium
CONTENTS
ACTUAL EU COSMETICS LEGISLATION
RISK ASSESSMENT OF COSMETIC INGREDIENTS ACCORDING TO THE NOTES OF GUIDANCE OF SCCS
ROLE OF RESPONSIBLE PERSON
RISK ASSESSMENT FOR COSMETIC PRODUCTS IN THE EU
CONTENTS
ACTUAL EU COSMETICS LEGISLATION
RISK ASSESSMENT OF COSMETIC INGREDIENTS ACCORDING TO THE NOTES OF GUIDANCE OF SCCS
ROLE OF RESPONSIBLE PERSON
RISK ASSESSMENT FOR COSMETIC PRODUCTS IN THE EU
ACTUAL EU COSMETICS LEGISLATION
COUNCIL DIRECTIVE76/768/EEC
COSMETICS REGULATION / RECAST N° 1223/2009
11/7/2013
SAME BASIC PRINCIPLES APPLYTESTING & MARKETING BANS
ARTICLES & ANNEXES
SAFE PRODUCT FOR CONSUMER (art. 3) SAFETY IS BASED UPON SAFE INGREDIENTS (toxicological profile, chemical structure, exposure, art.10) DEMONSTRATION OF SAFETY (art. 10 – 11) PROVIDING ADEQUATE INFORMATION
AUTHORITIESNotification (CPNP)
(art. 13)
CONSUMERSafe use
(art. 19-21)
RESPONSIBILITY OF COMPANY
TWO CHANNELS ARE FUNCTIONAL IN THE SAFETY ASSESSMENT PROCESS
ACTUAL EU COSMETICS LEGISLATION
SUBSTANCES ONANNEXES
SCCSIN DG SANCO
DG SANCO
II, III, IV, V, VI
WRITTEN SAFETYEVALUATION (opinion)
RISK MANAGEMENT
BY COMMISSION FOR CONSUMER
PROTECTION
COMMISSION
SUBSTANCES / MIXTURES INFINISHED PRODUCT
AND PRODUCT
SAFETY ASSESSOR
RESPONSIBLE PERSON
COSMETIC SAFETY REPORT A & B
WRITTEN SAFETYEVALUATION (cosmetic product safety assessment)
RISK MANAGEMENT
INDUSTRIAL MEASURESFOR
CONSUMER PROTECTION
INDUSTRY
TIF :
ACCORDING TO TRANSPARANT RULES
NOTES OF GUIDANCE (NoG)
SCCS OPINIONS
RISK ASSESSMENTS ON COSMETIC SUBSTANCES PRESENT ON ANNEXES
(II, III, IV, V, VI, Reg.1223/2009)
ADVICE ON SCIENTIFIC ISSUES RELATED TO SAFETY OF COSMETICS AND THEIR
INGREDIENTS
ADVICE TO COMMISSION
(-) ANNEX II : FORBIDDEN SUBSTANCES(-) ANNEX III : RESTRICTED SUBSTANCES WITH CONCERN FOR HUMAN HEALTH(+) ANNEX IV : COLORANTS(+) ANNEX V : PRESERVATIVES(+) ANNEX VI : UV-FILTERS
SCCS : Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety
ACTUAL EU COSMETICS LEGISLATION
THE SCCS’s NOTES OF GUIDANCE FOR THE TESTING OF COSMETIC SUBSTANCES AND THEIR SAFETY EVALUATION
8th REVISION (SCCS/1501/12)
• Notes of Guidance available on website : http://ec.europa.eu/health/scientific_committees/consumer_safety/statements/index_en.htm• Opinions available on website :http://ec.europa.eu/health/scientific_committees/consumer_safety/index_en.htm
ACTUAL EU COSMETICS LEGISLATION
CONTENTS
ACTUAL EU COSMETICS LEGISLATION
RISK ASSESSMENT OF COSMETIC INGREDIENTS ACCORDING TO THE NOTES OF GUIDANCE OF SCCS
ROLE OF RESPONSIBLE PERSON
RISK ASSESSMENT FOR COSMETIC PRODUCTS IN THE EU
1) HAZARD IDENTIFICATION 2) DOSE-RESPONSE 3) EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
RISK CHARACTERISATION
RISK MANAGEMENT
RISK COMMUNICATION
RISK ASSESSMENT : WHAT ?
1) HAZARD IDENTIFICATION 2) DOSE-RESPONSE 3) EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
RISK CHARACTERISATION
RISK ASSESSMENT OF COSMETIC INGREDIENTS
- CAN X CAUSE ADVERSE HEALTH EFFECT ?
- BASED ON : - EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES- CLINICAL STUDIES- IN VIVO STUDIES- IN VITRO STUDIES- QSAR
HAZARD :INTRINSIC
PROPERTIESOF SUBSTANCES
- PHYSICOCHEMISTRY, STABILITY
- SCIENTIFIC LITERATURE
1) HAZARD IDENTIFICATION 2) DOSE-RESPONSE 3) EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
RISK CHARACTERISATION
HAZARD TESTS PRESENT IN NOTES OF GUIDANCE (SCCS/1501/12)
- skin and eye irritation
- skin sensibilisation
- dermal absorption
- mutagenicity/genotoxicity
- acute toxicity
- repeated dose toxicity
- reproductive toxicity- carcinogenicity
- toxicokinetics- photo-induced toxicity (if relevant)
- human data (if available)
RISK ASSESSMENT OF COSMETIC INGREDIENTS
TRADITIONALLY, HAZARD TESTS ARE BASED ON USE OF ANIMALS
IN EU, CLEAR WISH OF ALL STAKEHOLDERS TO IMPLEMENT 3Rs STRATEGY, CONSISTING OF REFINEMENT, REDUCTION AND REPLACEMENT
WHENEVER POSSIBLE RESULTS OF IN VITRO REPLACEMENT TESTS ARE GIVEN TO GUARANTEE SAFETY OF COSMETICS IN EUROPE. THESE MUST BE VALIDATED
ReductionRefinement
R
RR
Replacement
ReductionRefinement
R
RR
Replacement
RISK ASSESSMENT OF COSMETIC INGREDIENTS
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION TESTS IN TIF
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISATION : emphasis on :
purity solubility partition coefficient (log Pow) stability in solution
ACUTE TOXICITY : oral rat (3R- in vivo test); if available (mostly for classification)
LOCAL TOXICITY : - Irritation and corrosivity
Skin irritation : non-irritative at maximal use concentration (in vitro tests)
Eye/mucosa irritation : non-irritative at maximal use concentration (in vitro screening tests ; in vivo)
- Skin sensitisation : Sensitisation not excluded ; preferably non-sensitising (LLNA : 3R- in vivo test → in vitro tests)
RISK ASSESSMENT OF COSMETIC INGREDIENTS
(in chemico tests)
Dermal absorption (in vitro test)Dermatomed pig or human skin (400-600 µ)
Repeated dose toxicity (in vivo test)90- day oral study in rat
SYSTEMIC TOXICITY
Mutagenicity/genotoxicity tests (in vitro tests)3 endpoints of genotoxicity• gene mutation• structural aberrations (clastogens)• aneuploidy (aneugens)
when → overruled by Θ in vivo test Carcinogenicity (in vivo test) : if available
Reproductive toxicity (in vivo test)maternal toxicitymostly : teratogenicity
RISK ASSESSMENT OF COSMETIC INGREDIENTS
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION TESTS IN TIF
- WHAT IS RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DOSE AND INCIDENCE / SEVERITY OF ADVERSE HEALTH EFFECT ?
- WHAT IS DOSE NECESSARY TO CAUSE HARM ?
- NOAEL ! (= No Observable Adverse Effect Level = the highest dose or exposure level within a specific system where no adverse treatment-related findings are observed)
- NOAEL taken from : 90-DAY ORAL REPEATED DOSE TOXICITY STUDY REPRODUCTIVE TOXICITY STUDY(MATERNAL TOXICITY, MOSTLY TERATOGENICITY)
1) HAZARD IDENTIFICATION 2) DOSE-RESPONSE 3) EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
RISK CHARACTERISATION
RISK ASSESSMENT OF COSMETIC INGREDIENTS
- WHAT IS AMOUNT AND TIME OF EXPOSURE ?
1) HAZARD IDENTIFICATION 2) DOSE-RESPONSE 3) EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
RISK CHARACTERISATION
RISK ASSESSMENT OF COSMETIC INGREDIENTS
- EXPOSURE DATA IN NoG SCCS/1501/12
- WHAT IS THE PROBABILITY THAT HARM WILL BE PRODUCED ?
- WHAT IS THE NATURE OF IT ?
- IMPORTANCE OF VARIABILITY, UNCERTAINTY → MOS
1) HAZARD IDENTIFICATION 2) DOSE-RESPONSE 3) EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
RISK CHARACTERISATION
RISK ASSESSMENT OF COSMETIC INGREDIENTS
1) HAZARD IDENTIFICATION 2) DOSE-RESPONSE 3) EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
RISK CHARACTERISATION
MoS = NOAEL SED
≥ 100
Inter-specieskinetics4.0
Inter-speciesdynamics
2.5
Variabilityhuman kinetics
3.2
Variabilityhuman dynamics
3.2
10 10
Inter-specieskinetics4.0
Inter-speciesdynamics
2.5
Inter-specieskinetics4.0
Inter-speciesdynamics
2.5
Variabilityhuman kinetics
3.2
Variabilityhuman dynamics
3.2
10 10
FOR ACTIVE INGREDIENT MoS : Margin of SafetySED : Systemic Exposure DosageNOAEL : No Observable Adverse Effect
Level
RISK ASSESSMENT OF COSMETIC INGREDIENTS
MoS = NOAEL
S E D≥ 100
SED = DAa x 10-3 x SSA x Fbw
SED = systemic exposure dosage (mg/kg bw/day)DAa = dermal absorption amount (µg/cm2) 10-3 = factor µg → mgF = frequency of application (F = 1)SSA = skin surface area ( 580 cm2 )
NOAEL = No observable adverse effect level derived from SYSTEMIC TOXICITY 90-day repeated dose toxicity study
reproductive toxicity study
ROUTE-TO-ROUTE EXTRAPOLATION = BIOAVAILABILITY = 50%(when oral absorption data are lacking)
RISK ASSESSMENT OF COSMETIC INGREDIENTS
NOAEL/2
CONTENTS
ACTUAL EU COSMETICS LEGISLATION
RISK ASSESSMENT OF COSMETIC INGREDIENTS ACCORDING TO THE NOTES OF GUIDANCE OF SCCS
ROLE OF RESPONSIBLE PERSON
RISK ASSESSMENT FOR COSMETIC PRODUCTS IN THE EU
1) HAZARD IDENTIFICATION OF ALL INGREDIENTS
→ AVAILABLE TOX DATA ON INGREDIENTS (AND ANALOGUES) OBTAINED IN VIVO (EARLIER OR FOR OTHER PURPOSES preambule 50, Reg. 1223/2009)
→ AVAILABLE TOX DATA ON INGREDIENTS (AND ANALOGUES) OBTAINED USING ALTERNATIVE METHODS (validated methods)
→ PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND QSAR DATA ON INGREDIENTS (AND ANALOGUES)
RISK ASSESSMENT OF FINISHED COSMETIC PRODUCTS
FOR ALL COSMETIC PRODUCTS
RISK ASSESSMENT OF FINISHED COSMETIC PRODUCTS
EXPOSUREASSESSMENT
Type and sizeof exposedpopulation
Stage ofdevelopment
Route ofexposure
Body surfacelocation
Frequencyof use
Interferenceswithin product
PercutaneousabsorptionDuration of
contactExcessive
use pattern
Concentrationin product
Quantityapplied
Rinse-offleave-on
Type ofproduct
1) HAZARD IDENTIFICATION→ toxicological profile of ingredients of cosmetic product
2) EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
FOR ALL COSMETIC PRODUCTS
→ specific exposure conditions of cosmetic product
1) HAZARD IDENTIFICATION OF ALL INGREDIENTS → toxicological profile of all ingredients of the product
RISK ASSESSMENT OF FINISHED COSMETIC PRODUCTS
FOR ALL COSMETIC PRODUCTS
2) EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT → specific exposure conditions of the product
3) DOSE-RESPONSE ASSESSMENT → NOAELs of at least active ingredients of the product
Use existing in vivo data, determined before the animal testing bans (also of analogues, read accross)
Use data generated for other legislative purposes (e.g. REACH)
for new cosmetic ingredients → lacking of in vivo data
1) HAZARD IDENTIFICATION OF ALL INGREDIENTS
RISK ASSESSMENT OF FINISHED COSMETIC PRODUCTS
FOR ALL COSMETIC PRODUCTS
2) EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT
3) DOSE-RESPONSE ASSESSMENT
4) RISK-CHARACTERIZATION
MOS calculation of (active) ingredients for systemic toxicity whenever possible
evaluation of local toxicity of finished product
in chimico, in silico and in vitro tests (validated or not) on finished product compared to benchmarks
when SAFE, in vivo skin compatibility testing of finished product on human volunteers using non-invasive bioengeneering methods ETHICS !
incorporation, if necessary, of extra safety factor
WoEAPPROACH
CONTENTS
ACTUAL EU COSMETICS LEGISLATION
RISK ASSESSMENT OF COSMETIC INGREDIENTS ACCORDING TO THE NOTES OF GUIDANCE OF SCCS
ROLE OF RESPONSIBLE PERSON
RISK ASSESSMENT FOR COSMETIC PRODUCTS IN THE EU
ROLE OF RESPONSIBLE PERSON (RP)
BASIS INDUSTRY IS RESPONSIBLE FOR SAFETY OF COSMETIC PRODUCTS PLACED ON EU MARKET
In preambule 11, Reg. 1223/2009 :“each cosmetic product should be linked to a RP established within th Community”
Art. 4
WHO IS THE RP ?
legal or natural person responsible for compliance with Reg. 1223/2009
Cosmetic produced in EU(no export/no back import)
Cosmetic is imported in EU
Manufacturer in EU Manufacturer outside EU
RP = MANUFACTURER RP = IMPORTER
APPOINTED EU PERSON (accepting written mandate) DISTRIBUTOR (his name/trademark or modification
affecting compliance)
ROLE OF RESPONSIBLE PERSON (RP)
WHAT ARE OBLIGATIONS OF RP ?
IN GENERAL : ensure full compliance with Reg. 1223/2009
take immediate corrective measures when cosmetic product is not compliant
inform immediately competent national authorities (CNA) of MS and provide all details/corrective measures when risk exists for human health
cooperate with CNA of MS providing information/documentation demonstrating conformity (language !) – also identification of distributors on demand
MORE SPECIFIC :
ensure compliance in particular with all safety requirements in connection with :- presentation- labelling- use / disposal- safety assessment before marketing according to Annex I and keep it updated
ROLE OF RESPONSIBLE PERSON (RP)
WHAT ARE OBLIGATIONS OF RP ?
MORE SPECIFIC :
keep a PIF for each product (different formats possible, language ! ) at address indicated on label
notify each product via CPNP (art.13) before marketing (exception original labelling and packaging photograph)
notify cosmetic product containing nanomaterials : 6 months prior marketing
make easily accessible for public information :- qualitative and quantitative composition (hazardous substances)- perfume / aroma (name, code nr, supplier)- undesirable and serious undesirable effects (SUE)- communication on SUE !
take all appropriate measures to bring non-compliant products into conformity