SAD - ETTI 2018 · Andreea Mihailescu, Miniaturized Gas Sensors Based on Metallic Oxides Thin Films...

SAD - ETTI 2018 Ediţia I

Simpozionul Anual al Doctoranzilor

în Electronică,Telecomunicaţii şi Tehnologia Informaţiei

Annual Symposium of Doctoral School of Electronics, Telecommunications and

Information Technology

Bucureşti, 9 iulie 2018

Annual symposium of ETTI-‐B Doctoral School, First Edition

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CUVÂNT ÎNAINTE

Simpozionul anual al doctoranzilor Şcolii Doctorale ETTI-B, SAD-ETTI, este un forum de promovare a contribuţiilor stiinţifice obţinute an de an, de studenţi în programul de doctorat.

Lucrările incluse în program cuprind:

Ø rezultate originale publicate deja sau Ø rezultate noi, în curs de publicare.

Prezentarea la simpozion are două componente:

Ø o expunere orală de maximum 3 minute, a principalelor rezultate; Ø un poster cu rezultate detaliate; la fiecare panou cu poster vor fi

discuţii cu membrii Comitetului stiinţific si cu cei interesaţi.

Acest volum conţine informaţii sumare despre lucrările selectate pentru prima ediţie a simpozionului şi anume:

Ø titlul lucrarii, Ø autorii: doctorand, conducător de doctorat şi (eventual) coautori, Ø un rezumat de maximum150 cuvinte.

Ca premiu, cu acordul conducătorului şi doctorandului, Comitetul stiintific al simpozionului va selecta cele mai bune lucrări şi va încuraja admiterea lor în programul unor conferinţe ISI organizate în ţară (CAS, SITMEE, COMM, ATOM, ISSCS, ECAI).

Toate prezentările vor fi incluse în lista de lucrări a doctoranzilor la categoria Comunicări ştiinţifice nepublicate.

Vă aşteptăm cu mult interes la prima ediţie a SAD-ETTI.

09 iulie, 2018

Directorul Şcolii doctorale ETTI-B,

Gheorghe Brezeanu


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FOREWORD

The Annual PhD Symposium SAD-ETTI is a forum for promoting the most recent scientific contributions of the doctoral students. The papers in the program include:

Ø original results already published or, Ø original results in press.

The participation in the symposium will have two stages:

Ø an oral exposition of the topic and main results (3 minutes at maximum)

Ø a poster with detailed results; each poster stand will host discussions with members of the Scientific Committee and other attendees interested by the subject.

This volume contains basic information about the papers selected for the first edition of the symposium:

Ø title, Ø authors: PhD student, supervisor and (eventually) co-authors, Ø an 150 words abstract.

The Scientific Committee, with the agreement of the PhD students and supervisors, will select the best papers and support the dissemination of the top results at international ISI conferences (CAS, SITMEE, COMM, ATOM, ISSCS, ECAI).

All presentations will be included in the PhD students’ list of papers in the category Unpublished Scientific Communications.

Looking forward to your participation at the first edition of SAD-ETTI!

9 July 2018

Director of Doctoral School ETTI-B

Gheorghe Brezeanu


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Program

Monday, 9th of July

09:00– 09: 30 Registration (First floor lobby, A building - ETTI)

09:30– 09: 45 Opening ceremony

09:45 – 10:30 Oral session I

10:30 – 10:45 Break

10:45 – 11:45 Oral session II

11:45 – 13:15 Poster session


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Evaluation committee

Prof. Ioan Bacivarov

Prof. Mircea Bodea

Prof. Eugen Borcoci

Prof. Gheorghe Brezeanu

Prof. Corneliu Burileanu

Prof. Daniela Colțuc

Prof. Victor Croitoru

Prof. Lidia Dobrescu

Prof. Adriana Florescu

Prof. Simona Halunga

Prof. Bogdan Ionescu

Prof. Ioan Marghescu

Prof. Victor Neagoe

Prof. Constantin Paleologu

Prof. Sever Pașca

Prof. Cristian Ravariu

Prof. Rodica Strungaru

Prof. Paul Svasta

Prof. Dumitru Stanomir

Prof. paul Sterian

Prof. Paul Șchiopu

Prof. Gheorghe Ștefan

Prof. Răzvan Tamaș

Prof. Adriana Vlad


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ABSTRACTS OVERVIEW

Liliana Anchidin, A Novel Technique for Improving the Accuracy of Antenna Gain Measurements in the Near-Field Zone 8 Bogdan Anton, Standalone analog active cell-balancing circuit for automotive Battery Management Systems 8 Aurelian Costea, New design and improved performance for smoke detector 9 Ionut-Daniel Barbu, Cristian Pascariu, Analyzing cyber threat actors by the use of honeynet cloud based infrastructure 9 Sabin Belu The Anatomy of a Quasi-Static Arithmetic Encoder 10 Madalina Berceanu Performance analysis of an uplink Massive MU-MIMO OFDM-based system 10 George Bostan Light Gradient Modeling in the Slanted Edge Method to calculate Modulation Transfer Function of optical system 11 Mihai Gabriel Constantin, MMTF-14K: A Multifaceted Movie Trailer Feature Dataset for Recommendation and Retrieval PhD Student: 11 Alexandru Mihai Crişan, Inter-Satellite Radio Frequency Ranging Techniques for OFDM Communication Systems 12 Cristian Damian, Measurement of non-circular PSFs in Single Pixel Cameras 12 Paul Diaconescu, An Ensemble of Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Drunkenness Detection using Thermal Infrared Facial Imagery 13 Robert-Alexandru Dobre, Robust Audio Forensic Software for Recovering Speech Signals Drowned in Loud Music 13 Camelia Elisei-Iliescu, Low-Complexity RLS Algorithms for the Identification of Bilinear Forms 14 Ionescu Marius, Measuring and detecting blood glucose by methods non-invasive 15 Iordache Cosmin Alexandru, Variable regulated high voltage power supply 15 Corina Macovei, On the autocorrelation function of the skew tent map chaotic signal in relation with the statistical independence sampling distance 16 Alina-Elena Marcu, Key Aspects of Infrastructure-to-Vehicle Signaling Using Visible Light Communications 16 Catalin Meirosu, Influence of the Exhaust High Frequency Noise over the Blind Spot Warning Performance 17 Madalin Vasile Moise, Comparison between deploying an IoT system designed to be used online and one designed to be used 17


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offline Andreea Mihailescu, Miniaturized Gas Sensors Based on Metallic Oxides Thin Films for CO and CH4 Detection 18 George Muscalu, Fabrication of energy harvesters for environmental applications 18 Daniela Moraru (Tudorache), Study of the influence of diurnal glycemia variations on the human eyes parameters in the diabetic retinopathy using specialized soft 19 Manole-Stefan Niculescu, Noninvasive hearing aid system based on skin transmission soundwaves by an ultrasound transducer 19 Cristina Onea, Chaotic Low-Frequency Fluctuations of the Laser Diode Emission at Injection Currents Above the Laser Threshold 20 Rodica-Cristina Pavel (Negroiu), Alexandru Rizoiu, The Performance of Supercapacitors’ Main Parameters according to Topology of the Electrical Circuits in which They are used 20 Alexandru Rizoiu, Rodica-Cristina Pavel (Negroiu), Realization and Testing of a Supercapacitor, Type Pouch Cell 21 Liviu-Daniel Ștefan, Finding and Classifying Tuberculosis Types for a Targeted Treatment 21 Mihaela Smâdu, Portable Equipment for Acquiring Data from New Types of Gas Sensors 22 Alexandru E. Şuşu, Compiling for the Wide Connex SIMD Processor 22 Alexandra-Maria Tăuțan, The automatic detection of epileptic seizures based on EEG signals processing: investigation of different features and classification algorithms 23 Andra Țapu, Cosmin Conțu, Multiple Chained Virtual Network Functions Experiments with SONATA Emulator 23 Vlad-Mihai Plăcintă, Radiation Hardness of Field Programmable Gate Arrays in LHC Experiments 24 Pop Ciprian-Vasile, Application-Aware Lifetime Estimation of Power Devices 24 Ciprian Zamfirescu, Enhanced Carrier Aggregation to support 5G use cases 25


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A Novel Technique for Improving the Accuracy of Antenna Gain Measurements in the Near-Field Zone

PhD Student: Liliana Anchidin, [email protected] Supervisor: Razvan D. Tamaș

Published at: IEEE/IET European Conference on Antennas and Propagation (EuCAP 2018)

Abstract—Antenna gain measurements do not always comply with the constraints of the Friis transmission formula, especially when antennas are not small enough and/or the distance between the antenna under test and the probe antenna is not in the far-field zone. We have previously proposed an alternative method to the near-field to far-field transformations, based on calculating weighting functions to be applied on normalized transfer functions measured at different distances between antennas. The weighting functions were originally calculated by assuming an axial, constant current distribution along the antenna aperture for a given polarization. In this paper, we propose a Method of Moments type approach to extract samples of a more realistic equivalent current distribution. Consequently, new weighting functions are derived, in order to improve the accuracy of our earlier near-field approach. Our technique is validated by measuring two types of antennas.

Standalone analog active cell-balancing circuit for automotive Battery Management Systems

PhD Student: Bogdan Anton, [email protected] Supervisor: Adriana Florescu

Not published

Abstract—This article presents a standalone analog active balancing circuit designed for series-connected Lithium-ion cells, which can be used together with an automotive Battery Management System (BMS). A very important parameter of the charging circuit, especially when it’s used for Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) or Electric Vehicles (EVs) is its efficiency, which affects both the capacity of the battery pack and its lifespan. Our proposed design is simple, derived from a Boost converter and can be used either as a fully analog standalone circuit or it can be interconnected with microcontrollers or processors. In addition to this, another advantage over some different approaches is the ability of balancing the series-connected Lithium-ion batteries during both charging phase and discharging phase, increasing their available capacity and preventing uneven and over-discharging for different cells. The proposed architecture was tested and validated using both simulation software and practical hardware implementation revealing that the obtained results were very similar to the initial expectations and calculations.


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New design and improved performance for smoke detector PhD Student: Aurelian Costea, [email protected]

Supervisor: Paul Schiopu Published at ECAI 2018

Abstract—Most of the photoelectric smoke detectors use a single LED that emits at a single narrow wavelength band to illuminate the smoke chamber. Consequently, a single light detector is arranged so that light from the LED is detected only when it is scattered out of its direct path due to the presence of smoke or some other aerosol. Due to the use of a single wavelength band, a system cannot very well practically distinguish between smoke due to an unwanted fire and aerosols generated by harmless activities such as cooking and bathing. Also is unable to distinguish between light scattered from smoke (or aerosol) and light originating from the external environment. A “labyrinth” exclude ambient light but slows the admittance of air and smoke into the smoke chamber, thus increasing the time needed for the smoke detector to react to some types of fires

Analyzing cyber threat actors by the use of honeynet cloud based infrastructure

PhD Students: Ionut-Daniel Barbu, [email protected] & Cristian Pascariu

Supervisor: Ioan Bacivarov Not published

Abstract—With the advent of APTs, the complexity of the techniques, tactics and procedures used by the adversaries increased significantly and it becomes clear that all industries are ought to adapt to the emerging threat landscape. The initial steps in the analysis and perhaps one of the most effective projects on this matter would be the implementation of a honeynet environment for obtaining tailored IOCs. A honeypot represents a system intended to detect and deflect attackers by luring them into the network. The importance of deployment of honeypots as a way of understanding who are the adversaries was studied by implementing a SSH honeynet in a Public Cloud environment. The architecture is composed research honeypots deployed in Microsoft’s Azure West US region to understand attackers' tactics. Moreover, for analyzing the data, log servers were installed to be able to translate big data into readable and easy to use real-time dashboards.


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The Anatomy of a Quasi-Static Arithmetic Encoder PhD Student: Sabin Belu, [email protected]

Supervisor: Daniela Coltuc Published at COMM2018

Abstract—The paper proposes a new architecture for arithmetic encoders called Quasi-Static. Unlike the classical implementations, the Quasi-Static Encoder buffers the input stream and uses a static model for encoding the data in the buffer. The big advantage of such approach is the higher encoding speed obtained however with the price of slight degraded compression rates. The Quasi-Static Encoder is tested on three types of data – English text, log files and binary files - and compared with two dynamic arithmetic encoders. For 128kB buffers, the Quasi-Static Encoder is about 3.6 times faster than the dynamic counterparts. The loss in compression rate depends on data type and the considered dynamic implementation. The Quasi-Static Encoder outperforms Dippenstein’s implementation on English texts and exe files and is below Sachin Garg implementation that gains between 0.08 and 0.20 bpb in compression rate.

Performance analysis of an uplink

Massive MU-MIMO OFDM-based system PhD Student: Madalina Berceanu, [email protected]

Supervisor: Simona Halunga Published at COMM2018

Abstract—The recently implemented 4G network meets nowadays the necessities of a world in a continuous development. Among the new technologies introduced by this standard is the one in which multiple antennas are used at the receiver and at the transmitter ends (MIMO) in order to increase the overall system performances. Massive MIMO is an evolved version of the conventional MIMO in which the number of antennas at the receiver/transmission terminal is much larger. This technology will be included in the much-discussed 5G standard. Another technology that is present in 4G/5G standards is the orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM), which is a modulation technique in which the data is organized in blocks of information symbols that are transmitted in parallel on orthogonal subcarriers that can help reduce or eliminate the inter-symbol interference (ISI). In order to study the enhancement brought by these technologies, in this paper, we propose an uplink Massive MU-MIMO system with OFDM used by multiple users which are active simultaneously, when the number of Base Station (BS) antennas varies from 10 to 100. Based on this proposed structure, the transmitter, receiver and communication channel will be simulated in Matlab/Simulink. Extensive Monte Carlo simulation are made to evaluate the system performances in terms of Bit Error Rate (BER) as a function of Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR).


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Light Gradient Modeling in the Slanted Edge Method to calculate Modulation Transfer Function of optical system

PhD Student: George Bostan, [email protected] Supervizor: Paul E. Sterian

Coauthors: T. Necsoiu, G. Bostan, P. Sterian Not published

Abstract—The study the Optical Transfer Function of optical systems by the slanted edge method helps us to calculate and to improve the performances of the Digital Camera. Fraunhofer's diffraction of the circular aperture physically limits the resolution. The article describes a new method of studying the optical transfer function to improve their optical resolution. With regard to the optical devices used in security applications, advanced requirements are necessary for image quality control. Optical sensors become more and more powerful and intelligent with advanced image features analysis. If in the past, to check the optical resolution, the microdensitometer was used, now this function can be performed by the digital optical sensor. The dimensions of the photosensitive pixels of optoelectronic chip are sufficiently good to test the resolution of the lens systems.

MMTF-14K: A Multifaceted Movie Trailer Feature Dataset for

Recommendation and Retrieval PhD Student: Mihai Gabriel Constantin, [email protected]

Supervisor: Bogdan Ionescu Published at: MMSys 2018

Abstract—In this paper we propose a new dataset, the MMTF-14K multifaceted dataset. It is primarily designed for the evaluation of video-based recommender systems, but it also supports the exploration of other multimedia tasks such as popularity prediction, genre classification and auto-tagging (aka tag prediction). The data consists of 13,623 Hollywood-type movie trailers, ranked by 138,492 users, generating a total of almost 12.5 million ratings. To address a broader community, metadata, audio and visual descriptors are also precomputed and provided along with several baseline benchmarking results for uni-modal and multi-modal recommendation systems. This creates a rich collection of data for benchmarking results and which supports future development of this field.


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Inter-Satellite Radio Frequency Ranging Techniques for OFDM Communication Systems

PhD Student: Alexandru Mihai Crişan, [email protected] Supervisor: Daniela Colțuc Published at COMM 2018

Abstract—Precision formation flying (PFF) is a solution for the deployment of large scientific instruments in future space missions. Using PFF, multiple satellites can be organized in dynamic formations that can accommodate various mission conditions and can be used to acquire high precision measurements. In such scenarios, precise knowledge of the satellite positioning in terms of distance and orientation is mandatory. This paper presents a comparison between two ranging techniques using a radio frequency inter-satellite link (ISL) based on Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM). Both methods estimate the distance using the frequency-domain properties of an OFDM training symbol. The algorithms are evaluated under multipath and various SNR conditions using MATLAB simulations. The simulations show that the estimation accuracy is at centimeter level and that the distance estimations become biased in the presence of multipath.

Measurement of non-circular PSFs in Single Pixel Cameras

PhD Student: Cristian Damian, [email protected] Supervisor: Daniela Colțuc Published at COMM 2018

Abstract—This paper proposes an improved method for measuring the cameras Point Spread Function (PSF). With this method the PSF is obtained by analyzing the image of a circular chart taken by the camera to be characterized. The main advantage over the existing methods is the capability to measure PSFs of various shapes not only circular by using the inverse Radon transform. Other advantages of our methods are the capability to correct shear effects of the chart image. This last feature gives the possibility to measure the PSF on single pixel cameras where the image is often distorted. The method is tested on synthetic images of the chart in the case of four different PSF shapes: circular, square, hexagonal and rounded square. The results show a correct estimation of the PSF shape and well restored images obtained by devolution with the measured PSF.


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An Ensemble of Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Drunkenness Detection using Thermal Infrared Facial Imagery

PhD Student: Paul Diaconescu, [email protected] Supervisor: Victor-Emil Neagoe

Paper in revision at Methods of Information in Medicine Abstract: This paper proposes an original method for subject independent drunkenness detection using an Ensemble of Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNNs) for processing of thermal infrared facial imagery characterizing the subjects to be tested. The proposed neural system consists of an ensemble of two DCNN modules for thermal infrared facial image processing;the first module is composed by 12 layers and the second one has 10 layers. The two DCNNs have been trained separately, using different architectures and different sets of parameters. The final decision is influenced by the confidence degrees of two CNN component modules. The proposed method is evaluated using the dataset of 400 thermal infrared facial images belonging to 10 subjects. For each subject the dataset contains 20 thermal images corresponding to sober condition and other 20 images for inebriation condition obtained 30 minutes after the subject drank 100 ml amount of whisky. The experiments of the proposed DCNN couple for subject independent drunkenness detection lead to the overall correct detection score of 95.75%. This confirms the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Robust Audio Forensic Software for Recovering Speech Signals Drowned in

Loud Music PhD Student: Robert-Alexandru Dobre, [email protected]

Supervisor: Dumitru Stanomir Published at: SIITME 2016

Abstract—Audio evidence, when accepted by the court, can decide the final verdict in a trial. In order to be evaluated, these materials must be authenticated, but also the intelligibility of the message must be undoubtable. Two main categories of multimedia forensics solve these problems: content authentication and noise reduction. The application presented in this paper is part of the latter category. In order to conceal a conversation, the first action that comes into mind is also the easiest one: turn loud a nearby audio source. Since the most available audio sources play musical materials, if a microphone was placed in the room, it would record the speech signal heavily masked by music. A classical adaptive filtering method could be applied to recover the speech only if the speakers and the musical source remain perfectly still or, in other words, the acoustic environment does not change in time. This ideal situation is not to be found very often in real situations. This paper presents a method for recovering speech signals masked by loud music that is robust to acoustic environment variations. The method is thoroughly described, tested, and compared with a solution based on the recursive least-squares (RLS) adaptive algorithm using a variable forgetting factor.


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Low-Complexity RLS Algorithms for the Identification of Bilinear Forms PhD Student: Camelia Elisei-Iliescu, [email protected]

Supervisor: Constantin Paleologu Accepted EUSIPCO 2018

Abstract—The recursive least-squares (RLS) algorithm represents an appealing choice for system identification problems. Its popularity is mainly related to its fast convergence rate, which outperforms by far the family of least-mean-square (LMS) algorithms. However, the price to pay is a higher computational complexity. Nevertheless, several solutions to reduce the complexity of the RLS algorithm were developed. The system identification problems are more challenging when the parameter space becomes larger. Such frameworks can be found in conjunction with different applications. Most of these approaches are related to the identification of bilinear/trilinear forms, based on tensor decomposition and modelling. The identification of bilinear forms is a challenging problem since its parameter space may be very large and the adaptive filters should be able to cope with this aspect. Recently, the recursive least-squares tailored for bilinear forms (namely RLS-BF) was developed in this context. In order to reduce its computational complexity, two versions based on the dichotomous coordinate descent (DCD) method are proposed in this paper. Simulation results indicate the good performance of these algorithms, with appealing features for practical implementations.


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Measuring and detecting blood glucose by methods non-invasive PhD Student: Marius Ionescu, [email protected]

Supervisor: Rodica Strungaru Published at: ECAI 2018

Abstract—This article aims to discuss the detection and measurement of blood glucose by non-invasive methods, actual or older blood glucose measurement methods, current and future research. The article aims to illustrate a new prototype based on spectroscopic methods, UV sensors, to monitor blood glucose. Blood glucose detection plays an important role in the health of a patient because glucose should be maintained in a constant proportion of the body, and it carries the body's and tissues' large amounts of blood glucose. Adjustment of blood glucose levels is due to a permanent balance between glucose lowering substances, such as insulin, and those that increase it, such as glucagon, adrenaline. The problems addressed center on the absorption of light in the matter and the measurement of blood glucose. Non-invasive methods aim to measure blood glucose without taking blood samples. We will discuss in this article about old invasive methods and new non-invasive methods as well as about contributions to new non-invasive methods.

Variable regulated high voltage power supply

PhD Student: Cosmin Alexandru Iordache, [email protected] Supervisor: Mircea Bodea Published at: ISFEE 2016

Abstract—This paper presents an innovative variable regulated high voltage power supply (VRHVPS). It has an output voltage ranging from 0V to 500V, for a maximum current of 0.25A. It consists of a switched mode power supply (SMPS) followed by a linear regulator with a power supply rejection ratio (PSSR) of 58dB. The digital control module consists of an 8bit microcontroller, a small digital display, an isolated inter-integrated-circuit (I²C) interface with an isolated hall sensor as a current sensor and 12-bit analog to digital converters (ADC) to read the output voltage and current, also a 12bit digital to analog converter (DAC) which controls the linear regulator’s output voltage.


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On the autocorrelation function of the skew tent map chaotic signal in relation with the statistical independence sampling distance PhD Student: Corina Macovei, [email protected]

Supervisor: Adriana Vlad Not Published

Abstract—This paper is a statistical study which aims to highlight aspects related to how the sensitivity of tent map to the control parameter is reflected in its statistical behaviour. Are followed the autocorrelation function and issues related to the statistical independence sampling distance when the control parameter values are in a vicinity of a set value randomly chosen in the appropriate interval. A statistical mean test is performed in order to highlight the effect of the control tent map parameter when the autocorrelation function is computed for a distance value corresponding to statistical independence. This paper also inspects the power spectral density aspects of the chaotic signal generated by skew tent map. The analysis involves a study on two types of skew tent map functions mostly used in communications and cryptography applications.

Key Aspects of Infrastructure-to-Vehicle Signaling Using Visible Light Communications

PhD Student: Alina-Elena Marcu, [email protected] Supervisor: Paul Șchiopu

Published at: FABULOUS2017

Abstract—With the appearance of autonomous cars, an infrastructure-to-car communication system can be easily developed by using the visible light communication (VLC). The red and green lights play an important role in the safety of road traffic, being the most significate colors of the traffic light system. The role of the proposed system is to obtain automatic braking if the traffic lights are red and an audio warning in the case of yellow color by modulating the radiation emitted by the traffic light to transmit a code for each of red and yellow lights. A secondary solution is proposed which avoids the modification of the current infrastructure of the traffic light system by adding a supplementary light emission element. The element consists of an infrared emitter used to send either the red color code or the yellow color code depending on the illuminated traffic light.


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Influence of the Exhaust High Frequency Noise over the Blind Spot Warning Performance

PhD Student: Catalin Meirosu, [email protected] Supervisors: Gheorghe Brezeanu, Mircea Oprean

Not Published

Abstract—The objective of this paper is to show the limitations of the ultrasound sensors used for the Blind Spot Warning detection. The paper oversees all possible driving scenarios and underlines the isolate cases where an ultra-sound-based system would be ineffective for this particular ADAS application. The limitations of the Ultrasound based Blind Spot Warning system was not yes studied. Also, the Exhaust ultrasound influence over the Blind Spot Warning system was never studied as there are not many car makers that use this system. The slide sums-up the 2-years work on a prototype vehicle and the new, currently sold vehicle. Even though the ultrasound system is a cheap method in ensuring the Blind Spot warning performance, this type of sensors have some limitations due to the characteristics. The paper studies these limitations and comes with the countermeasure to minimize the bad influence of the exhaust noises and other exterior factors on the Blind spot warning detection.

Comparison between deploying an IoT system designed to be used online and one designed to be used offline

PhD Student: Madalin Vasile Moise, [email protected] Supervisor: Paul Mugur Svasta

Not published, submitted for SIITME 2018

Abstract—The paper presents a comparative analysis of a growing technology, that of IoT, between a system that uses this technology and can be accessed globally and a system with access available only locally. We survey the data management solutions that are proposed for IoT or subsystems of the IoT for offline and online usage. The analysis focuses on the distinctive advantages and disadvantages, between online and offline control, by highlighting the specificity of each, that we believe should be addressed in an IoT system solution, and discuss how they are approached by the proposed solutions. We have proposed two IoT framework, one for online and one for offline controlling, that takes into consideration the elements discussed and acts as a seed to a comprehensive IoT data management solution. For online control an embedded system is developed on an ESP8266 WIFI controller and allows access to monitoring and control through a phone application, phone which is connected to Ethernet, it uses a web server based which facilitate control from any part of the world. For offline control an embedded system is developed on an ATMEGA 328 microcontroller along with a Wiznet W5100 Ethernet chip that allows access for monitoring and control of an environment in closed-circuit through a web interface accessible from any device that is connected to the closed-circuit and can access a website, the system webserver is stored on a SD card attached to the embedded system, in this way it can be access without Ethernet access.


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Miniaturized Gas Sensors Based on Metallic Oxides Thin Films for CO and CH4 Detection

PhD Student: Dipl.Eng. Andreea Mihăilescu, [email protected] Supervisors: Cristian Ravariu, Gabriel Socol

Not published/ Submitted for publication

Abstract—This presentation offers insights on how to fabricate very sensitive miniaturized conductometric gas sensors with designated use as CO and CH4 detectors. For this purpose, thin films of SnO2 mixed with ZnO in a weight ratio of 3:1 were grown by pulsed laser deposition on glass and oxidized silicon substrates, at various pressures (10Pa to 50Pa), in a reactive O2 atmosphere. The sensors further incorporate Pt electrodes, in several geometries, deposited on top of the coatings. Their gas sensing capability was tested in a controlled environment, at different concentrations of CO in nitrogen, respectively of CH4 in dry synthetic air, by measuring the electrical sheet resistance. They were found to be highly responsive even to concentrations as low as 1ppm. Satisfying performances, not only in terms of detection limit but also in terms of response and recovery times were obtained even for 150⁰C. Material analyses (SEM, AFM and XRD) were performed before and after the sensing tests, revealing significant degrees of roughness, a moderately crystalline state of the oxides films and confirming their chemical stability.

Fabrication of energy harvesters for environmental applications PhD Student: George Muscalu, [email protected]

Supervisors: Gheorghe Brezeanu, Carmen Moldovan Not Published

Abstract—The rapid development of microsystems with diversified functions comes with an issue: their power consumption. Energy harvesting is the most effective way to respond to the energy shortage and to produce sustainable power sources from the surrounding environment. Piezoelectric MEMS cantilevers have been under strong demand for energy harvesting due to compatibility for miniaturization and high efficiency in energy conversion. The current paper is about the fabrication of a MEMS device, based on lead-free piezoelectric cantilevers, in order to “harvest” energy from the environmental mechanical vibrations. The cantilevers are designed as unimorph cantilevers, employing flexure mode with a resonant frequency in the environment application domain (few hundred Hz). The piezoelectric material was chosen as a lead-free material (ZnO, AlN). The model is simulated using COMSOL Multiphysics software. A double array of cantilevers (2 x 10) is used in order to obtain a greater output power magnitude. The MEMS device was successfully obtained with a resonant frequency around 460 Hz, slightly higher than the simulated one. The output power is expected to be in the range 1-50 µW.


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Study of the influence of diurnal glycemia variations on the human eyes parameters in the diabetic retinopathy using specialized soft

PhD Student: Daniela Moraru (Tudorache), [email protected] Supervisor: Paul Sterian

Co-author: Catalin Spulber

Not published Abstract—This paper is following a study regarding the possible relationship between variability of retinal thickness and contrast sensitivity tests related to glycemic level in non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy (mild, medium and severe forms). For these tasks, we investigated eyes with and without non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy by assessing the contrast sensitivity through Pelli Robson Test and the micro-perimeter and retinal thickness using SD-OCT (Spectral Domain – Optical Coherence Tomography), during daytime, related to changes of non-affected retinal layers. The images were analyzed using two software: ImageJ and Maviiss 1.5 (Mtf-bAsed Visible and Infrared Imaging System Simulation). The diabetic group was matched by similar control group (for age and sex) of healthy eyes. Our results showed a correlation between the retinal thickness during daytime, contrast sensitivity loss and glycemic variations that can be used as further investigation tool. Thanks to Prof. Dr. Sinziana ISTRATE, doctor Cecilia ENICEICU - University Emergency Hospital Bucharest, Ophthalmology Department, Bucharest

Noninvasive hearing aid system based on skin transmission soundwaves by

an ultrasound transducer PhD Student: Manole-Stefan Niculescu, [email protected]

Supervisor: Rodica Strungaru Not published

Abstract—Hearing, along with the other four senses, helps us to interact and correlate with our daily activities. Hearing aid devices can help at the enhancement of this sense or even make it possible for people who suffer of hearing loss. Except the classical hearing aid devices that are intra-auricular, a model of skin transmitted acoustic signal hearing aid system is presented. şşThe proposed model consists of an ultrasonic transducer applied on the skin that will transmit vibrations to the auditory ossicles. The main advantage of this method is being noninvasive and no surgical cochlear procedures are involved. The soundwaves are acquired by a condenser microphone, filtered and applied to an amplifier block that will drive the ultrasonic assembly. The resulted ultrasound amplitude-modulated signal is the stimulus for the auditory area transmitted by the transducer applied on the skin, near the ear.


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Chaotic Low-Frequency Fluctuations of the Laser Diode Emission at Injection Currents Above the Laser Threshold

PhD Student: Cristina Onea, [email protected] Supervisor: Paul E. Sterian

Coauthors: P.E. Sterian, I.R. Andrei, A. Baleanu, M.L. Pascu Not published

Abstract—A complex chaotic behavior can be found in nonlinear dynamics of the laser diode emission only under optical feedback conditions provided by an external reflector. One of the most studied issues on the chaotic dynamics is the low-frequency fluctuations (LFF) regime which occurs at semiconductor laser operation near the lasing threshold. In this paper an extensive analysis of LFF regime of an external cavity – semiconductor laser system has been carried out. We present data about the stability of the LFF regimes for different sets of experimental parameters. The injection current was adjusted during the measurements at values near and over the laser threshold current. Stable LFF regimes were obtained at current values over the threshold current only in certain conditions. These depend on the intrinsic properties of the semiconductor active region, respectively at injection currents where in the laser emission dynamics without feedback are present instabilities of mode-hopping type.

The Performance of Supercapacitors’ Main Parameters according to Topology of the Electrical Circuits in which They are used

PhD Students: Rodica-Cristina Pavel (Negroiu), [email protected] Alexandru Rizoiu,

Supervisor: Paul Svasta Not published

Abstract—The knowledge of supercapacitors (EDLCs - Electrochemical Double-Layer Capacitors) is based on understanding the electrochemical phenomena inside them and on the behavior of the chemical materials used to obtain the electrodes and the electrolyte. For a better understanding regarding the operation of the superconductor, the present paper focuses on:

A. Influence of charge-discharge current on different supercapacitor’s parameters such as equivalent series resistance (ESR), loss power and time for charge or discharge the supercapacitor.

B. Analysis of series and parallel connections of three 22 F / 2.5 V supercapacitors, considering the theoretical and experimental capacitance calculation, as well as the influence of stabilization time after the loading effect on the capacitance value. The influence of these parameters on the behavior of the supercapacitor can affect the conduction mechanisms that lead to the formation of the Helmholtz double layer.


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Realization and Testing of a Supercapacitor, Type Pouch Cell PhD Students: Alexandru Rizoiu,

Rodica-Cristina Pavel (Negroiu), [email protected] Supervisor: Paul Svasta

Not published

Abstract—The supercapacitor, the relatively new passive component in the electronic field, has begun drawing attention to more and more users in terms of energy storage and delivery applications in a very short time. However, there are a few who knows the electrochemical processes that happen inside the supercapacitor when it is used in various electrical circuits. Furthermore, details about the materials used in the construction of this component are difficult to obtain from the manufacturers and also there are not presented in the data sheets. The lack of this information, related to the nature of the electrolyte used or the porosity of the electrodes, has the negative effect, phenomenon misunderstanding of the load dynamics inside the supercapacitors, which is essential in their use.For this, the purpose of this work is to present the realization a supercapacitor, type pouch cell, by means of the equipment already used in the manufacture of batteries. As materials, will be used for electrodes, aluminum foil on which a porous material will be deposited, and as an electrolyte we will use an ionic liquid, known for its performance regarding much higher working voltage (up to 5V) compared to aqueous electrolytes (maximum 1.2V) or organic (maximum 2.7V). Given the fact that we will have all the necessary information regarding the nature of the materials used, following the tests carried out on the created component, we will be able to draw important conclusions regarding the conduction mechanisms that happened inside it.

Finding and Classifying Tuberculosis Types for a Targeted Treatment

PhD Student: Liviu-Daniel Ștefan, [email protected] Supervisor: Bogdan Ionescu

Published at: CEUR Workshop Proceedings, 2017

Abstract—This paper describes the participation of the MedGIFT/UPB group in the ImageCLEF 2017 tuberculosis task. This task includes two subtasks: (1) multi-drug resistance detection (MDR), with the goal of determining the probability of a tuberculosis patient having a resistant form of tuberculosis and (2) tuberculosis type detection (TBT), with the goal of classifying each tuberculosis patient into one of the following five types: infiltrative, focal, tuberculoma, miliary and fibro-cavernous. Two runs were submitted for the TBT subtask and one run for the MDR subtask. Both of them use visual features learned with a deep learning approach directly from slices of patient CT (Computed Tomography) scans. For the TBT subtask the submitted runs obtained the 3rd position out of 23 runs submitted for this task, with a top Kappa value of 0.2329.


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Portable Equipment for Acquiring Data from New Types of Gas Sensors

PhD Student: Mihaela Smâdu, [email protected] Supervisor: Adriana Florescu

Published at ATEE 2017 Coauthor: Vlad-Cristian Georgescu

Abstract—This paper covers the design and development of a custom portable equipment, which monitors gas concentrations from new types of microsensors, stores all the data and makes it available in digital format. This portable system, used to acquire signals from a gas sensor, can be adapted by connecting a photovoltaic panel to acquire electrical parameters like current, voltage and environmental parameters like temperature, solar irradiance. Using the acquired data and data from a NASA database, in which corresponding values of electrical parameters and meteorological parameters are provided for a specific GPS coordinate, different neuronal networks or hybrid structures will be fed. It is expected to find the best method to predict how much power the system will generate through comparison with what was actually produced.

Compiling for the Wide Connex SIMD Processor PhD Student: Alexandru E. Şuşu, [email protected]

Supervisor: Gheorghe M. Ştefan Published at: EuroLLVM 2017

Abstract—We present details on compilation using LLVM for the wide Connex SIMD processor, a competitive reconfigurable parallel architecture for embedded applications with 32 to 4096 lanes. Our compiler targets Opincaa, a runtime assembler and coordination C++ library for Connex. Therefore, we address aspects of automatic parallelization such as efficient vectorization, communication and synchronization. We also develop the back end for Connex and the possibility to automatically generate instruction selection code for emulating arithmetic operations for unsupported types such as 16-bit floating point and 32-bit integer. Our back end can handle symbolic C/C++ expressions, which allows passing scalar variables to the vector code. This allows also to encode the width of the SIMD processor as a parameter in the compiled Opincaa program, achieving portability w.r.t. the SIMD width. We report speedup factors of at most 21.06 when running on a Connex machine with 128 lanes w.r.t. one ARMv7 core clocked at a frequency more than five times higher.


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The automatic detection of epileptic seizures based on EEG signals processing: investigation of different features and classification algorithms

PhD Student: Alexandra-Maria Tăuțan, [email protected] Supervisor: Rodica Strungaru, Mihaeala Neagu

Published at (pending): EPE 2018 – 10th International Conference and Exposition on Electrical and Power Engineering, October 18-19 2018, Iasi, Romania

Abstract—Automatic detection of epileptic seizures has been extensively studied and documented in literature. However, the topic continues to be of interest as reliable algorithms for off-the-shelf, general use are still being investigated. The challenge comes from the complex nature of the EEG signal and of the epileptic seizure. This makes highly performant algorithms developed on a specific datasets difficult to translate to a more general application of the developed models. To provide more insights into the characteristics of seizure and non-seizure EEG segments, we propose several features. In the time domain, we examined the maximum signal amplitude, skewness, kurtosis and entropy. For the frequency domain, relevant values were extracted as the maximum power spectral density and the corresponding frequency, the mean power in the gamma, beta, alpha, theta and delta bands. After a statistical analysis, several feature combinations are selected and fed per patient to both an SVM and Random Forest classifier. The performance of the trained models varied per patient, feature combination and training algorithm, with the highest accuracy reaching 94%. Results suggest that training patient specific models would enhance detection accuracy.

Multiple Chained Virtual Network Functions Experiments with SONATA Emulator

PhD Student: Andra Țapu, [email protected] & Cosmin Conțu

Supervisor: Eugen Borcoci Published at: COMM2018

Abstract: Network Function Virtualization (NFV) is a recent and strong technology to support the development of flexible and customizable virtual networks in multi-tenant and multi-domain environment. Open issues still exist for architectural, interoperability, design and implementation aspects. The contributions of this paper consist in developing a set of experiments within a recently proposed NFV complex framework – SONATA – to identify its capabilities and possible limitations in different contexts. Towards this aim, this paper continues the author’s work and develops new functionalities along with the previous two experiments in which a virtual firewall and a graph of virtual routers have been integrated in two different topologies and have been tested using SONATA framework, and integrates them in a complex network topology using SONATA emulator.


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Radiation Hardness of Field Programmable Gate Arrays in LHC Experiments

PhD Student: Vlad-Mihai Plăcintă, [email protected] Supervisor: Cristian Ravariu

Published at: Proceedings of Topical Workshop on Electronics for Particle Physics TWEPP 2017 (PoS TWEPP-17 085)

Abstract—Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are beginning to be considered as viable solutions for particle physics experiments and as well as for space applications. This paper summarise some of the radiation hardness measurements done on the KINTEX-7 FPGA by our group using different particle beams like: protons, X-Rays and ion beams. For multiple values of the total ionizing dose, linear energy transfer and proton energy, the cross sections of single-event effects are estimated. We also give separate results for specific resources like: configuration RAM, block RAM, I/O banks. Preliminary conclusions are reached for this device regarding its radiation tolerance in LHCb-Upgrade case.

Application-Aware Lifetime Estimation of Power Devices PhD student: Pop Ciprian-Vasile, [email protected]

Supervisor (UPB): Corneliu Burileanu Supervisor (Infineon Technologies): Georg Pelz

Published at:2017 22nd IEEE European Test Symposium (ETS), 2018 23nd IEEE European Test Symposium (ETS)

Abstract—Active cycling (repetitive clamping) of power devices requires huge testing-time, because the process cannot be accelerated and the parallelization of tests is very costly. For these reasons, most often, the manufacturers provide information about the lifetime of power devices only for a few specific operating conditions. Most of the current lifetime estimation methods are based on the junction temperature swing, which is very difficult to be measured or estimated. Instead, we propose an approach that, based on a few measurements of lifetime at given ambient temperatures, load currents and repetitive energies, is able to make prediction of averaged lifetime at any other set of operating conditions, using optimal testing resources. Understanding the lifetime variation is also important, in order to estimate the minimum guaranteed lifetime. For that, we propose a methodology for determining the influencing factors (electrical parameters, measured before the stress-test) of lifetime variation. The proposed Sensitivity Analysis is simple and fast and can be applied even when the number of test-runs is less than the number of factors (features). Eventually, the method provides the top of the most relevant electrical parameters which explain the lifetime variation.


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Enhanced Carrier Aggregation to support 5G use cases PhD Student: Ciprian Zamfirescu, [email protected]

Supervisor: Simona Halunga Published at: Not published

Abstract—Carrier Aggregation (CA) is a relevant key enabler technology for present LTE, LTE-Advanced and for future 5G. By combining a number of separate fragmented spectral frequency bands, mobile operators have acquired the possibility to create larger virtual carrier bands. Even if, in lab environment throughput rates up to 1.35Gbps have been achieved, there it is still required to reach the full potential of five compatible aggregated carriers. However, existing works are not specifically addressing the real life end-user benefits. Based on field measurements campaigns, the major technical issues that are impacting the CA-enabled throughput rates are discussed. Moreover, the current work is pioneering the theoretical impact of CA technology, specific configurations, implementation methods and benefits on real networks. A performance improvement approach using collected real data is consequently developed to bring real QoE closer to theoretical expectations, i.e. to improve current technology and to be prepared for 5G migration.


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Ph.D. Students Index

ANCHIDIN Liliana, 8 ANTON Bogdan, 8 BARBU Ionuţ-Daniel, 9 BELU Sabin, 10 BERCEANU Mădălina, 10 BOSTAN George, 11 CONSTANTIN Mihai Gabriel, 11 CONȚU Cosmin, 24 COSTEA Aurelian, 9 CRIŞAN Alexandru Mihai, 12 DAMIAN Cristian, 12 DIACONESCU Paul, 13 DOBRE Robert-Alexandru, 13 ELISEI-ILIESCU Camelia, 14 IONESCU Marius, 15 IORDACHE, Cosmin Alexandru, 15 MACOVEI Corina, 16 MARCU Alina-Elena, 16 MEIROSU Cătălin, 17

MIHĂILESCU Andreea, 18 MOISE Mădălin Vasile, 17 MORARU (TUDORACHE)

Daniela, 19 MUSCALU George, 18 NICULESCU Manole Ştefan, 19 ONEA Cristina, 20 Pascariu, C., 9 PAVEL (NEGROIU) Rodica-

Cristina, 20, 21 PLĂCINTĂ Vlad-‐Mihai,25 POP Ciprian-Vasile, 25 RIZOIU Alexandru, 20, 21 SMÂDU Mihaela, 23 ȘTEFAN Liviu-Daniel, 21 ŞUŞU Alexandru, 23 TĂUȚAN Alexandra-Maria, 24 ȚAPU Andra, 24 ZAMFIRESCU Ciprian, 26


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Supervisors Index

BACIVAROV Ioan,9 BODEA Mircea,15 BORCOCI Eugen, 24 BREZEANU Gheorghe, 17, 18 BURILEANU Corneliu, 25 COLŢUC Daniela, 10, 12 DOBRESCU Lidia, 22 FLORESCU Adriana, 8, 23 HALUNGA Simona, 10, 26 IONESCU Bogdan, 11, 21 NEAGOE Victor, 13 PALEOLOGU Constantin, 14 RAVARIU Cristian, 18, 25 SCHIOPU Paul, 9, 16 ŞTEFAN Gheorghe, 23 STANOMIR Dumitru, 13 STERIAN Paul, 11, 19, 20 STRUNGARU Rodica, 15, 19, 24 SVASTA Paul, 17, 20, 21, 22 TAMAŞ Razvan, 8 VLAD Adriana, 16

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