Saab 900 Engineering features 1987 [OCR]

8/10/2019 Saab 900 Engineering features 1987 [OCR]

1/96


2/96

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SUB RU

MICHAEL

KENYON

WO

LF MP

ORT MOTORS IN

C .

1685

MENTOR AV E PAINESV

ILLE. OH 44077

216) 951 SAAB

Clevelan

d

2

16) 354-5689

Local


3/96

S

AAB 9

NGIN R

ING FE

TURES


4/96


5/96


6/96

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7/96

o

nten

ts

1 PE

RFO R M A N C

E

12

Engine

16 The 16

valve

engine

18

Turbocharg

ing

21 Fu

el

injection

2 3 Exhau

st gas emission control

24

Transmiss

ion

30 R O A D

H O LDING

AND ROAD SA

FETY

32

Ch a ssis philo

sophy

34

Ch a ss i s

36

Br a k e s

3

8 Steering

3 9

W

heels

and t i res

4 0 Dr iver s

environment

42

Driver s

seat

44 In

struments

45

Visibil i ty and

lighting

8

COM F ORT

AND SAFET

Y

5 0 Inter

ior space

54

He

ating

a

nd ventilation

58

Sound atten

uation

59 Safe ty

in

a

co l l i s ion

64

FORM

AND VERSATIL

IT Y

66

Form

and

function

69

Tailored to

your

needs

7

Conv

ertible

76 QU

A LITY

7

8 De s ig n

and production

81

Prac

ticalcharacte

ristics

82

Reliabil i ty and

drivin

g pleasure

88 T

E C H N I C A L S

PECIFICATI

ONS

92

SAAB

SCANIA AB

94

IN D E X


8/96


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11/96


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grated with

it.

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allowsgood

cooling

o

f th

e

c

lut

ch

as

w

el

l

as

m

or

e

i

nt

eri

or

sp

ac

e.

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o

low

e

r t

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ce

nte

r o

f

gr

av

ity

a

nd

a

llo

w

for

low

ho

od

lin

e t

he

e

ng

ne

s

s

lop

ed

at

4

5

de

gr

ee

s.

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ecy

lin

de

r

h

ea

d

s

o

f c

ro

ss

-fl

ow

d

es

ign

a

nd

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ha

ft.

12


13/96

he

Saab

900

has

front

wheel drive a

ndthe en

g

ine is

m

ounted lo

ngitudinally

Precision-cast

light

-

alloy

cylin

der hea

d.

The distributor s

driven directly by

the camshaft. Breakerles

s

e

lec

tronic

ig

nition.

PERFOR

M NC

E

Th

e

overh

ead camshaft actu

ates the cam follower

s

d

i

re

ctly without

using

pus

h-rods

and rocker

ar

ms.

The dynamically b

alanced

five-bearing

crankshaft.

T

he basic

S

aab

power

unitis

a

two

liter four cyl

inder in-line

engine. The picture

shows an

va

lve

e

ngine

with

mechanical

fuel-injection.

3


14/96

ourpe rformanc

e classes

O

ur basic en

g ines are avai

la b le in

fo u r

perfor

mance

classes-110 bhp

12

5

bhp

160

bhp

and

165 bhp.

All

eng

in es deliver th

eir

pe a

k

torq

ue

at

relative

ly low revs, and the torq

ue

rem

ains high

over a wide range o

f

engine

speeds.

T his

minimizes

the driver s n eed

t

change gears

since exc

el lent

torqu

charac ter i

s t ic s

e

, Xist over

a

ra

nge of

engine revs

.

Altho

ugh high top

sp eed s an d

good a

ccelera t ion from

res t are

important

in gredien ts of high

per

formance good

low-speed

torque

an

d

swif t over

tak ing acceler

a t ion

are fa

r

more

vital

.

So

is a high cru

is

ing s

peed , mile

a

fter

m ile.

The n

irbo engine o

ff ers the same

accelera

t io n

and

top sp

eed

of many

si.x-cylinder

or

eight -cy l in der en

gines,

but

wi thou

t their i

nherent

drawbacks

of

h ig h weight , um

viel

dy

b u lk , many movin

g parts

an

d

h ig

h fuel consum

ption.

Th

e engine is refi

ned and

h s

un i

-

form traction without marked

peaks or v

ales.

4

T

EKNIKEN

S VA

RL

D,

Swe

den

PERFORMAN


15/96

fuel injection engine

A

mechanical

fuel

injection

system ensures

much more

efficient consumption of

the fuel

under varying running conditions. Excellent

cold-starting properties

Model series

Saab

900.

Rating, SAE

llO bhp

81

kW)

at

5250

rpm

6 valve

fuel

injection engine

Electronic

fuel

injection system Ensures

much

more

efficient consumption

of

the fuel under

varying running conditions. Excellent cold

starting properties.

Model

series Saab

900S.

Rating,

SAE:

125 bhp 92 kW) at

5500

rpm

6 valve

turbocharged

engine

Turbocharged, 16 valve fuel injection engine

with

intercooler

and APC

system

Impressive

overtaking acceleration even from low en

gine speeds

Very

high cruising and top speeds

Model series

Saab 900

Turbo and

Convertible.

Rating, SAE

160 bhp

ll8

kW) at

5500

rpm

Model series

Saab 900

Turbo

SPG.

Rating,

SAE

165

bhp

121

kW)

at

5500 rpm

Power

Torque

5


16/96

The

Saab16

v

lve

en

gine forev

eryda

y m

otorin

g

mar

ks

n

ewn

lileston

e in

t

he dev

elopme

nt

of

inte

rnal

comb

ustion

en

gines.

t

is

furth

er

de

ve

lopine

nt o

f thethoro

ughly

p

roven

two-lit

er

engine

.

T

h

e 1

6v

lv

e

e

n

gi

ne

E ng

ine s

with

fou

r va lves

pe

r

cyli

n

der

have lo

n g

been used

to

power

rally

an dcom

petit io

n can;

- in lu -

ing Sa

ab car s

. B u t

the Saa

b

1

6 valve

engine

is not a

co

mpetitio

n

e

ngine

des ig ne

d fo r

the

high

es t pos

s ib le

perfor

nwncc wi

thin anar

rowrang

e

ofengine s

peeds .

On

th

e contrary

it

is an

every

day

workh

orse , w

ith

good

low -sp

eed

perfo

rmance

and

has

been

optirniz

ed

f

o r the b

es t pos

sib le e

con om

y, d

urabilit

y

a

nd reli

abi lity.

M ost

car manu

facture

rs

are de

ve l

oping en

gin es

w

ith

f

our valv

es

per cy l ind er,

and

this de s ig n w ill

p

robably

domina

te in th

e fu ture

.

But

Saab ha

s alre

ady acc

um u l

ated

se vera

l year

s ofexp

er ience

i

n the

An

en

g

in

e

with four va

lvesper

cylinder make

s it

poss

ib

le

to achiev

e more e

ffective combus

tion

of the

fuel/air

mixture

than in

co

nventional

en-

g

ines

Th s in

tum

give

s lower

fuel

cons

ump

t

io

n

and incr

eased power

16

prod

uction of

suc

h

e n

g ines ,

fo r

e

conomi

ca l everyd

ay m

otoring

.

Idealcombu

stion

chamb

er

Th

e d es ign

o

f the

combu

st ion

ch

amber

isc -.

::trcmcly

fa vor

able-it

i

s

dome-s

haped wi

th a relat

ively

fl

a t p

iston c

rown-w

hich co

nt ri

but

es to h

igh effic

iency, l

ow knoc

k

ing tenden

c ies an d

unif

orm

com

bustion

.

Th

e

intake

manifo

ld is

shaped

toimp

rove

the

tu rbulen

ce

in

the

comb

ustion

chambe

r

a

nd Saab

has filed

pate

nt appl

ication

s

fo r

this

d

es ign .

Each

of the

two

pairs of

va lveshas a largeflo w area

and

the

en

gine

can thu

s breath

e

ffic ientl

y .

Sinc

e

the

en

gine

has four

va lves

per

cy

linde

r

in

stead

of w o, the

i ndivid

-

ual v

a lves ar

c sub je

c ted to

for less

de

mandin

g work

ing co

nd itions.

The therm

al str

esses , f

or in st

ance

arc appr

eciab ly

lowe

r at a give

n en

g in

e ra tin

g than t

hose

of

an

eng

ine

wit

h only

one i

ntake

and on

e

e

x

hau

st valve

per cy l i

n d er.

The four

valve a

rrange

ment en

able

s the spar

k plug

t

o

b

e l

ocat

ed

in

th

ecenter of th

e comb

us t ion

cham

ber . Its

f

lame sp

reads un

iformly

throu

ghout the

com

bustio

n

ch

am

ber

. Eng

ine desig

nersde

scribe t

h is

as

a

short

and u

niform

f

lame pa th.

In

an eng in

e with

twoval

ves

per

cy lind

er

and

the

spark

plug located

on

one s id e

of

the c

ombust

ion

ch

am ber the

flame

pa t

h is l

ong and

asymm

et r ical.

Iflhetem

pe ratu

re at


17/96


18/96


19/96

he Tu

rbo engine

de

livers extr

a

pow

er

a

t l

ow

engine s

peeds

for

f

ast s

afe

overtakin

g eve

n in

high

g

ear

But

d

uring

no

rmal

motoring

it

is as

economica

l

on fuel as the

injection

engine.

Ho

t exha

ust gases

W

aste gate

fuel

injectio

n engi

ne . W

henever

necessa

ry the

fan

ru

ns

on a

fter the

ignition

has

been

sw

itched of

f.

nt er

cooler

W

hen the

engine

intake

air

has

been

com

pressed

in th

eturbo

charge

r

i

ts

tem

peratu r

e will ri

se. But

the

a

ir i

s

then r

outed

throug

h

an

in te

rcoolc r

between

the tu

rbochar

ger and

the

e

ngine and

i ts t

empera

ture is

re

d

uced. A

s a res

ult i ts

densi ty

in

cr

eases and

the air ad

mitted

i

n to

the

engine

con

tains

more

m.yge

n.

This e

nables

more fu

el to be

irtject

ed

and burned

effic ie ntly

and

the

engine

powe

rthus in c

rease s

The i

ntercoo

ler has

been d

evel

o

ped byS

aab an d

is des ig

ned to

per-

fo

rm effi

ciently

even at

very

low

The tu

rbine wheel

is

induced

to rota

te

at

up

to

120 00

0

revolution

s per mi

nute. Und

er heavy

lo

ads

th

e

turboch

arger cang

low

w

ith the

effect

of heat and

pressu

re from th

e exhaust

gases

passing

through it

te

mperatu

res. A n i

ntercoo

lcr rnay

b

ecome

block

ed byi

ce in ve

ry cold

and

hu mid

we

ather and

it w il

l the

n

pe

rform

unsat

isfactor

ily. In

t

he

Lo

w

tempera

ture

intake air

nte

rcooler

Th

e

turb

ine wheel and

compre

ssor impe

ller of

th

e

Saab t

urbocharg

er are

small and

light-

w

eight

So

the

turbo

charger beg

ins to bo

ost

th

e inta

ke air pressu

re at ver

y low

engine

sp

eeds.

After

the

air

has

been com

pressed in

the turbo

charger

it

i

s co

oled b

y

ab

out ll F n

the in

tercooler

which

reduces

the therma

l

stresse

s

on

the engin

e.

The sm

a

ll

m

inutely b

alanced tu

rbine wheel is

m

ade from

special

ly develop

ed lightweig

ht ma-

terials

that can take

the extre

me tempera

tures

ge

nerated.

S a

ab inte

rcoolc r

this is

preven

ted

by

a safety

valve

which by-

passes t

he

in

take

a

ir a

cross t

he inte r

cooler i

n

th e

event of

icing.

9


20/96


21/96

PE

RFORM

NCE

Fuel inject

ion

enables

the fuelair

ratio to

b

e

controlled very accurate ly

which

contributes

t

owards high power

low fuel

consumption

smoo t

h

runn

ing an

d low exhaust ga

s en issions

und

er a wid e var

ie ty of motoring condit

ions.

fuel

i

njec

tion

Saab

u ses two diffe

rent types o

f

in

-

ject

ion sys te ms

on

the

ir fuel in je cted

engines.

The

900 ser ies

cng

incs

with

8 valves

per c y l inde r use a

mechan-

ical sys tem

while

the 1G valve en-

gines ha v

e a

n

e lec tron i

c

r ~ j c c t i o n

sy

s

tem.

Mecha

nical fuel inj

ec tion

sy

stem

Fuel

is

pumped to the foci

dis tr i -

bu to r

which is t

he brain

o

f the

Bosch

Contin

uous I ~ j c c t

i o n

(CI)

m ech

anical fuel

i i ~ j e c t i sys tem.

Th

e distribu

tor

se

nses the

amoun

t

of air

bein

g drawn into the

engine

and then

distribut

es proportio

nal

quanti t ies of

fuel to the

i ~ j c c t i o n

valves.

In s id

e the fuel

di

stributor

is a

co ntro

l pi

ston G), the pos i t ion of

whic

h is regulated

by the arm s

up-

porting the

measu

ring

di sc (

7) in

t

he air in t ake.

The

me

asuring

di sc m

o ve s

up

and

down

and adopt

s a

pos i t ion

that is

dctcrrninc

d by the s pe e d of

the engine

and

the

pos i t ion

of

th e

ai r

damp

er

(8 ).

The g

rca

tcr the flo

w

o

Cair, the

higher the

measuring disc

and thus the co

ntrol

piston

w

ill

be

lift

ed.

The

contr

ol piston has four

ve r-

tical slots

, o

ne

for each

engi

ne

cyl-

inder

.

A

s the

control p is ton is lif ted,

the

s lots arc g

radually exposed , a

l-

lowing a g

reater qua

ntit

y of

e l to

flow

to the

spri

ng

load

ed

i1 .ic

ction

va

lves on

e for eac

h

cy l

inder. Th

e

f

uel

is i

rtjectcd con t inu

ous ly , once

the

fi 1cl

pressure is

high enough.

W he n

the engines top

s , the

pr

ess

ure

in the sys tem

falls an

d

the

valve

closes aga

in.

1. Fuel tank

2 Fuel pump

3 Pressure

accum

ulator

4.

Fuel filter

5

Fuel

distrib

utor

6. Control

piston

The

injection

valves are

mounte

d in

the

inlet

manifold at

the cy

linder head and

continuous

ly

inject

f

uel to suit

engine

running conditions.

7.

Measuring

disc

8. Thr

ottle plate

9. Injection valve

10.

C

old staring

valve

11

.

T

hermostatic s

witch

12.

Pressure

control regu

lator

The

fu

el

injection system

sens

es

the amount of

air being

drawn

into

the e

ngine

an

d ensures

that

the

corre

ct quantity of

fuel

will be injec

ted

into the engine.

21


22/96


23/96

PERFORM NCE

Although a relatively s

m ll

c r

m nuf cturer

Sa

b h s

lw

ys been mong the

forerunners

in meeting

the

stiffening exh ust en1ission

requirements.

Exhaust g s emission control

Saab

cars

are equipped \\r:ith three

way catalytic converters

which

remove

unburned

hydrocarbons

carbon monoxide and nitrous oxide

from the

exhaust

gases.

The

active

part

of

the

catalytic

converter

con

sists of two

ceramic

cores with

small square holes coated with a

thin film

of

precious

metals

. The

ca talyst converts

most of

the toxic

substances

to

inore innocuous gas

es i.e. carbon dioxide steam and

nitrogen.

To

ensure the

best possible per

formance of the catalyst the fuel/

air

ratio

s

upplied

to

the

e

ngine

must

Lambda control

of

the fuel injection system is

essential

for satisfactory performance

of

the

catalytic

converter so

that

carbon monoxide

unburned

hydrocarbons and nitrous oxides

will

be reduced.

1

The

Lambda

sensor monitors

very

accurately

the oxygen content of the exhaust gases

and

applies

electrical

signals to the electronic

con-

trol un it of the fuel injection system

2. The electronic control

unit

regulates the

fuel/

air

rCitio

so

that

it is as close

as

possible

to

the

ideal

Lambda value of 1.

3 The

catalytic

converter

is

mounted

in

the ex-

haust system under

the

floor below the center

console.

The catalyst is heated by the

exhaust

gases

and

operates at temperatures between

about 600

and 1500

F

heat shield between

the converter

and the floor

reduces radiated

heat

from

the converter into the interior.

be carefully controlled. The fuel in

jection system is therefore control

led by signa

ls

from

a

Lambda

sen

sor

which

senses the oxygen

content

in

the

exhaust

gases. A

car

equipped

\\Tith catalytic

converter

and the

Lambda

system

must be run on

lead-free gasoline

and

is therefore

equipped with a special fuel filler

pipe so

that

it

cannot

be filled with

leaded fuel

by mistake.

All Saab 900 cars

are

also

equipped \\Tith a breakerless igni

tion

system. Since this system has no

breaker

points

etc. that can sus

tain wear it

\\rill pe

rform

efficiently

The

Lambda sensor mounted in the exhaust

pipe reacts very

quickly to

changes in the oxy-

gen

content of the exhaust gases and

applies

electrical

signals to the electronic control unit of

the system.

for a very

long

tirne-\\r:ith no ser

vice requirements. This ensures bet

ter

running

econ01ny consistently

high

performance and clea ner

e.,\ .haust

gases.

All cars are also

equipped

with an

evaporative loss control systen1

which minimizes the evaporative

emission

of hydroca rbons from the

fuel system

of

the car.

3


24/96


25/96

Certain mode ls

can be

supp

lied with

automatic

transmiss

ion.

Clutch

P

rimary drive

PERFORM

NCE

The

f

ive

speed

manua

l

gearbox is

st

andard.

Gearbox

If

the ratios are

too

high many motorists

m

ay

adopt

driving

te

chnique tha

t

may increas

e the

fuel co

nsumption

rat

her

than

reduc

e it. The

ra

tios in

Saab c

ars have

been

se

lected to

strike

the

bes

t possib

le

b

alance between these

fac

tors.

Saab engines

develop

high torque

even

a

t

lowspeeds So

gear-changing

can be reduced

to

minimum.

rive

s

haft

The reduction

between t

he

e

ngine and driven

whee ls

takes

p

lace in

three stages: primary

dri

ve

gearbox

and f

ina

l

drive.

5


26/96

PERFORM NCE

Performance

The cylinder head is of

cross

flow

design

and supports the

direct-acting overhead

cam

shaft:

- Robust and reliable.

- Excellent tractive

power

over a

wide range

of

engine revs.

Mechanical

fuel

injection:

- Ensures

much

more efficient fuel

consumption under

varying

running conditions.

- Excellent cold-starting prop

erties.

Turbo

with

intercooler:

- Offers acceleration

and

top

speed as a sLx-cylinder or eight

cylinder engine of similar dis

placement.

- Favorable working

tempera

ture

- for

better

resistance

to

wear and

longer useful life.

- High reliability.

Double overhead can1shafts

four valves per

cylinder

and

dome-shaped combustion

chambers:

- High power.

- Low fuel consumption.

6

APC system and LH

fuel

in

jection:

- The engine can

run

on fuel of

any

octane rating between 87

and 93

AON),

without

adjust

ment.

Turbo SPG

91-93

AON.)

- Reliable starting,

from

hot

or

cold.

-

Maintains correct

fuel/air ratio

at

all altitudes.

- Protects the engine against

harmful

knocking

at

unsuitable

engine

loads.

Hydraulic

earn followers:

- Self-adjusting for

improved

accuracy.

- High

reliability-silent

oper

ation.

- Minimum service requirements.

Gear-shift mechanism inte

grated with anti-theft lock:

- Very effective theft-proofing.

- Locks

in

reverse gear.

Gearboxes with optimized

reduction ratios:

- Efficient combination of high

performance,

good fuel

economy

and

high

comfort.

Gearbox and

differential

inte

grated with the engine:

-

Compact power unit-does

not

encroach

on the interior

space.

- Effective protection in a collision.

Clutch and primary drive at the

front of

the engine:

- Good

cooling- long

useful life.

- Good accessibility for simplified

service.

The cutaway illustration on

pages

27 28

shows

the Saab

16

valve turbocharged engine


27/96

wo

intake

valves per

cylinder.

Camsha

ft for th

e exha

ust valve

s.

Spark plug lo

cated

in the cente

r of

the combus

tion cha

mber.

Do

me-shape

d

c

ombustion

chamb

er.

Two ex

haust v

alves

per

cylin

der.

Self-adjus

ting

hydraulic

lifter

s.

Camshaft

for th

e

inta

ke

valves.

T

urbocharg

erwith inte

grated

wa

ste gate

boost

pressu

re

contro

l

valve)

C

ylinder h

ead with inta

ke ports

for

whic

applic

ations

have bee

n

file

d.


28/96

hi

ch

pat

ent

n

sor

for

the A

PC

sys

tem

T

h

e

6

v

a

lv

e

t

u

r

b

o

c

h

r

g

e

d

e

n

g

i

n

e

A

ir m

ass

m

ete

r for th

e

fuel

inje

ctio

n sy

stem


29/96


30/96


31/96


32/96


33/96


34/96


35/96

ROA

DHOLDING

AND

ROAD

S

AFITT

rubber

bu

shings. The s teer ing

knu c

kle is

mounted in

permanent l

y

lu

bricated

bearings. The

suspen

s

io

n

springs arc pivot-rnoun

tcd

which is

an un 1sLial

refinement

.

ue

lo

the pivot mou

nting the

springs

\Viii no t de f lect

wh

en

heav

ily

co

mpre

ss ed

thus

a lw a ys provid-

ing o

ptimum s p

ringing

.

This is

ben-

eficial

to the

road

behav

ior

and

the

oc

cupant c

omfort particu

larlyon -

rough ro

ad

surf

aces. M oreov

er,

p

ivot-rnountcd

springs

arc m

ore

s i lent

th a

n

c

onve n t ional ly

mo

unted

spr ings .

Fron

t-wheel drive, overall

weight

dis

tribution an

d the light, b

eam-type

rea

r

a

xle are som

e

of

the design

details

which

contribute

to

a

Saab s

renowned

road

holding cha racterist

ics.

The front suspe

nsion coil springs are

pivot

mounted,

which is

an

un

usual

refinement.

The

pivot-mo

un ting ensures that

the sp

r

in

gs

will

al

ways

be

straigh t

Upper wishbone

.

Saab chassis

design contribute

s

to

driving

co

n

fiden

ce

an

d

predictable handling, regardles

s of

road surface condition

s

Lower wishbone.

The front wheels are

mounted

in double wish

bones

with pivote

d

su

spension

springs and

gas

shock absorbers

Pivot

mounting

5


36/96


37/96

RO

ADHOLDING N

D RO D

S FETY

The

Saab

9

00

has disc brakes ll round

to en

sure the

best

possib

le brakingeffort, and

equal

bra

ke

performance

on

all

wheels, even

under

extreme con

d i

tion

s.

pollution

their usefol l i f r is t

w ice as

long they cause

le ss w

ear

of

th e

discs th ey reduce the sensitivity

of

the br

okes to high tcmperotu

res

th

ey

red

uce the r i sk

of

fading they

a

rc

qu

ieter a

nd theycause le ss

dust

b

ui ld

u

p on

the

wh

eels.

Soob

\V JS

one

of the

fi rst ca r

m;:mufact

urc rs to intro

duce asbes-

tos-free f

ric t ion materials

as orig

in l e

qu ipm e

nt

for the

brake pads.

This

w as mainly due

to the favor

able

des ign of the Saab

b

rake

sys-

t

em-with d is

c brakes all

oround

floating ca liper

s and brak

e di scs

with la rge

effective coolin

g

are

as

Th

e ven

tilated

front

disc-brakes

ha

ve

arge ef

fectiv

e cooling area,

which con tributes to

l

ow

brake fluid

temperature

which con

tributes to keeping t

he

brak

e

f luid te m

perature lo w

.

mooth braking

The

mas

te

r cylinder f

o o t-brake sys

te

m

i

s equipped with


38/96

R

OADHO

LDIN

AND RO

D

S FETY

Low

steer

ing

whee

l

effort

and g

ood

straig

ht line

stability

are

the hallm

arks

of

a

good steering

syste1n. Moreover

the steering

syste1n1nust

have

no

back

lash

and must provide

goodsteering

wh

eel feel.

te

erin

g

The

rack-and

-pinion steering in

every

Saab

p

rovides

immediate and

a

ccurate

re

sponse

o

fthe

wheels to

all

m

ovements

of

the

steering

w h e e

l.

The

lo

cation

of

the track rod

ensures that the

steerin

g

will

be

insignifi

cantly affecte

d by vertical

movements

of

the

wheels in the sus

pensio

n

sp

rings.

The car

w i

ll stay

on

a

steady course

,

e

ven wh

en

it is tr

av

e ll

ing on

an irreg

ular road

sur fa

ce .

For

safe ty reasons,

the s

teering gear

is loca t

cd far ba

ck

in

the

engi

ne

bay,

where

i

t is w e ll pro

tected behind the

engine .

Saab 9 0 0 automobiles

arc

sup

pl ied

with po w

er

steering,

which re

duces signific

antly

the steering

wheel ef fort , above

a

in c ity traff i

c

and

in c

lose rnaneu

vering. D ue to i ts

refine

d design,

the power st

eer

in g

gear

is

superior in

all

respects to

m

anual

s

teer ing.

Th

e power steer

ing used by Saab

prov

ides

good

feel of the

road and exc

e

l-

lent directiona

l stabi llity wi th out

k

ick b

ack

or

sponginess

Th

e turning

ci rc le

diameter is

3

3 .8 fl 10.3

m between

curb

s

.

The

nu

mber of

steering w

heel t

urns

lock-

to-lock is 3.7

turns.

Th

e st

eerin

g

gea

r of

the

Saab

900

isa r

ack

a

nd

pinion type .

It is co

mpl

etely free fr

om backl as h

an

d

has a min

imum

of res

ilien

ce

with

out

continua

l maintenan

ce .

8

/

The stee

rin

g

rac

k

is loca ted w

el

l bac

k

in

the en-

gine comp

artme

nt

\

The

Saab 900 has relatively dir

ect

steer

ing

for

good

road fe

e

l

3 .

7

turn

s

lock

tolock

.

The

tu

rn

ing circle

di

ame

ter

is

33

ft

10

in.


39/96


40/96

ROA

D

H

O

LDING

AND

ROAD S

AFE

TY

-

-

-

ll dr

iver

s mu

st b

e giv

en ev

ery o

ppor

tuni

ty to

car

ryo

ut

all dr

iving

oper

at io

ns c

onv

enien

tly

safe

ly a

nd q

uick

ly.

D

r

iv

e

r

s

en

v

i

ro

m

ne

n

t

In t

he SEAH

The outer rear-v

iew

mir

rors are

electric

ally

adjustable and h

eated

on 90

0S and

Turb

o

models.

The instrumen

t

panel

is

curved in

front of the

driver

so that all controls

are easy to

see

and

reach.

Th e center co

nsole

inclu

des a st

arting

con

trols-ignition switch

handbra

ke

lever and

gear lever.

41


42/96

ROADHOLDING AND R

OAD SAETY

A

driver s seat ofso u

nd anat

omical design

pro-

motes relax

ed and safe

driving, hour

after hour.

he d

es

ign

of

this aab

se

at

i s a

product

of

n-

depth orth

opedic and ergonomi

c stud

ies and

exhaustive

test ing.

Dr

iver

s

sea

t

he co nt o

ur

ed

de

s

ign and

firm

pa

d-

ding of th e

Saa b sc

at

prov

id e th e

s

upp

o

r

t n e

cessary fo r co

mfort A l-

th o ug h th i ck a

nd

soft pa

ddin

g m ay

fee l m

o re co m

fo rtabl

e

at

fir s t, it w ill

u su a

ll

y

p rove to b e

un stea dy

Th

e

occ

upa nt w oul

d then con s ta ntly b e

te ns in g hi s

mu

s

cl es to kee phi s

b ody

s tea dy, par

ti

c u

l a rl y when trave

ll

ing

fris

t o n w

ind

ing

road s .

To p rov

ide firm

supp

o

rt

wh

e re it

is need ed

m os t,

th

e b

ac

k

res t a

nd

sc

at

cu s

hi o n of t h e Sa

ab

sea t co n s is t

of

severa l fo

am

r

ubber co

mp

o n c

n ts

of

vary in g

firmn

e

ss, ernbedd cd i

n a

b od vofso lid foa

m

rubb

er .

Th

e

lum-

b a r s

upp

ort

is d es ig

n

ed to a

dju s t it-

se lf a ut o

m a ti call y to

th e dr ive r s

s ta tu re

a nd sea t ing

po sit i on .

its firm b

ut perfectly sup

port-

i

ng seats always

proved a we l-

come return a f

ter other less sa

tis-

f

actory products

and could loosen

kn

otted b ack musc

les within min-

utes.

42

WHAT CAR

?

Grea

t Bntarn

The

backrests and

cushion

are

contour

ed.

The

backrest

is

reinforc

ed

w

ith

firmer

material in the

lumbar reg

ion

the

shou

lders

and the

sides.

Special recesses are

provided for the sho

u lder

blades.

The

seat is ad

justable fore-and-a ft

and the seat

cush

i

on is

adjusta

ble

for

height

an

d slo

pe. The

backrest rak

e

is

steplessly va

riab le do

wn

to

t

he

r

eclining position

and

the head

restraintcan

be

adjusted

for height


43/96

e

ate

dsea

ts

T

o ma

ny

p

eo

ple

w

ho

a

re sus

ccp

t

b le

to

ba

cka

c

h

e

c

y sti

t is

;:in

d rh

eum

a

tic

ailm

en

ts

wi

nt e

r is

a s

ea s

o n

o

facu

te

su

fk r i

ng.

T

hese

c

om

pla

in

ts ar

c o

f-

te

n

cau

se d

by c

o ld

c

ar s

ca

ts

par

-

t

icu

la rl

y i

f a

p

er so

n

u se

s

the

car

f

re q

uen

tl y

an

d fo

r

lo

ng

p

eri

od

s

of

ti m

e.

f

he

ca r

is th

oro

ugh

ly

co ld

on

a

win

te

r s d

ay

it

ma

y tak

e

2

m i

nut

eso

r

orc

for

the

o

cc u

pa

nt s

b

od_v

h

eat

to

w;

:i rm

u

p t

he se

at.

Th

e s

upp

le lumb

ar

sup

port

ad

-

usts

i

tself

aut

oma

tica

lly

to

th

e

d

rive

r s

s

t

atur

e a

nd s

eati

ng

po

si

tion.

The

a

utom

ati

c ele

ctric

hea

ting

of

th

e

fron

t s

eats

is

th

erm

osta

tical

ly c

on

troll

ed

m

anu

ally

a

dju

st

a

ble f

or

the

driv

er s s

eat on

90

0 S

and

Turb

o

m

odel

s.

T

hed

epth

o

f

th

e sea

t

cush

ion p

rov

ides

firm

sup

port for

the w

hole

of

the th

igh

Latch

handle

for

the

fore-and-aft

a

dju

stm

ent

Th

e s

eat cu

shio

n

i

s adju

s

t

abl

e

in

h

eigh

t an

d s

lope

RO

ADH

OLD

ING

AND

ROA

DSA

F

ITT

Th

e

f

ron

t

sc

a ts

ha

ve

e le

c tr i

c he

at-

ing

a

s s

ta

nd

ard

. Th

e s

ca

t c

u sh

ion

an d

ba

ck

re s

t bo

th in

co

rp

o ra

te

hea

t-

ing

c

lem

en

t s

ho

u s

ed

in n

et

p o

cke

t s

a

nd

ba

c

k

ed

b

v

al u

mi

nu

m fo

il to

r

e-

fl

ec t

th

e he

at

u

pw

ar d

s.

vV h

en

th

e

in

t eri

or

is

co l

d

pow

er

w i

ll b

e s

u

p-

pli

ed

to

the

hea

ti

ng

cle

me

nts

.

T

h

e

driver

s

sea

t

of

th e

900S

and

Turbo

al

so

ha s

a r

he

os

ta t

to

contr

ol

th

e

tc

n1

pcr

atu

rc

.

Acom

fort

able

dr

iving

pos

ition

wh

ich

a

llows

relax

ed a

nd s

afe d

rivin

g, ho

ur

a

fter ho

ur.

T

he

hei

ght of

th

e

he

ad

res

train

t

ca

n

be adju

sted

in s

eve

ral sna

p

set

tings

ove

r abo

ut 3

.5

in

ches

(90

mm

)

Sturdy

steel

frame.

In th

ree-

doo

r

mo

dels

, the b

ackr

est

fold

s

fo

r

wa

rd

to pro

vide

e

asy

ac

cess

to th

e ba

ck se

at

T

he

latch

can

be

r

each

ed

from

t

he o

u

t

s

ide of

the

car

a

nd f

rom

the

ba

ck

se

at

Adj

ustm

ent

o

f

the ba

ckre

st

rak

e.

43


44/96

ROADHOLDING

AND RO D SAFETY

ests

have

demonstrated

that

the peripheral

vision of a

per

s

on

will detect changes in the

po

s

ition

of

a

large

instrwnent needle

much

more

e

asil

y than

change

s

in

the

figure

s

on

a

digital

instrument or the

bar on

a

bar type

instrwnent.

Instrmnents

The

instruments of the Scicib 900 are

large

;md

distinct and have

white

symbols cind yellowish-orange

needles, set

against

a

mat

tc-bbck

background. The instruments arc

deeply

recessed, so thcit they will not

dm;zlc the driver by reflected light

and

will not

cause

reflections in the

windshield

cit night.

The instru

ments cind controls

arc

indircctlv il

luminated with green light. Green

light has proven to be the most fav

orable illumincition in a

darkened

cnvironn1cnt in

which the

viewer s

Large, round

instruments with white symbols

and orange-colored needles, set against a

matte black

background

Easy

to

read,

the

driver s peripheral vision

will

detect

changes

in

the

positions of

the needles.

The instruments and controls are indirectly il

luminated

with

green

light,

which has proven to

be

most

favorable when the

headlamps

are on

and the driver uses daylight vision

in

darkness.

y s are accustmned to looking cit

the surroundings lit by the

head

lamps.

Red light is totally unsuit

ab

le

under

these

conditions

and

rnav even becrnne conflised with

the

red lighting on the rear of

other

-

hicles in traffic.

The

instruments

arc

always

illuminated

when

the

engine is

running

enabling them to

be rccid even in i tunncl or

garage

when the cimbicnt light is tempor

arily reduced. The warning cind in

dirnting

lamps

arc normally

dark

- the colors

and symbols

only ap -

pear

when the

lamp

lights up. Each

push-push s\;vitch is

marked

with a

symbol

showing

its flmction. The

switches

are

illumincitcd

from

the

inside-with

a dirn light v.rhcn the

function is inoperative cind with

a

stronger light when it is switched

on.

The instrument panel

provides

for up to 1G wcirning cind indicating

lamps and

G

push-push switches,

including

an cxtrci push-push

switch

for the

optional

frig

light

s

The

ample

ad1ustment

for

height

of the

driver s

seat ensures

that

even a

driver of short

stature

will

have good all-roud visibility and a good

general view of the instruments

and

controls.


45/96

ROADHO

LDING AND

RO D

S FETY

ob

e ble to

d r ive safe ly

thedriver mu

st

ha

ve

good visi ili

ty nd

mu

st

beclearly visible

to

other ro du

sers . u

tgood l

ighting nd visibili

ty

are

also of vita

l import n

ce

to

driving co

m fort .

i

sibil

ity

a n d

li

ghti

ng

A er

odynamic

headlamps

with re

p

la ceable ha logen

bulbs arc fit

tc d


46/96

ig

ht

in

g

T

he

la

rg

e d

ire

c ti

on

ind

ic

ato

r li

gh

ts

c

oIT

1b

inc

d w

ith

t

he

sid

cm

ar

kc

rs

ar

c

at

th

e t

op

wi

th th

e p

ar

kin

g

a

nd

cor

-

ne

ri

ng

li g

h t

s

be

lo

w t

he

m.

T

he

vis

-

ib

il it

y s

ec

to

r is

v

ery

k

ir g

c

a

nd

th e

l

oc

ati

on

s o

f t

he

d i

rec

tio

n

in

dic

at

ors

m

a

ke

the

m

c

lc a

rlv

vi

si b

le

to

dr

iv e

rs

of

ta ll veh icle s suchas buses

and

tr

uc

ks

. A

si

de

d

ire

ct i

on

i

nd

ic

ato

ris

al

so

p

rov

id

ed

be

tw

ee

n t

he

fr

on

t

wh

ee

l a

rc

h

an

d t

he

do

or

. T

hi

s c

on

-

tr

ibu

tes

fu

rth

er

t

o

ro

ad

s

af

et y

p

ar

-

ti c

u la

r ly

o

n

m

ul

ti

lan

e ro

ad

s .

T

he

rea

r

li g

ht

cl

us

ter

s

arc

d

e-

s

ig

ned

s

o

th

at

th e

y

w i

ll

be

cl

ear

ly

v

is i

ble

t

o

o

th

er

ro

ad

us

ers

eve

n

d i

ag

on

all

y

fro

m

t

he s

id

e.

T

he

re

ar

lig

ht

s

ar

c d

up

li

cat

ed

on

b

ot

hsid

es

fo

r e

xtr

a r

c li

ab

il i

tv

an

d ro

ad

s

a f

ctv

.

A

cen

te

r

bra

ke

lo c

at

ed

at

th

e b

as

e o

f

th e

r

ea

r

wi

n-

d

ow

p

rov

id

es

a

dd

iti

on

al vi

si b

il i

ty

to

m

oto

ris

ts

i

n f

o l

lo w

in

g t

raf

fic

.

RO

ADH

OL

DIN

G AN

D

RO

D

S

AFE

TY

T

he h

ead

lam

p

lens

es

b

lend

i

nto

t

he l

ines

of

th

e bo

dy

T

he

des

ign

en

sur

es

imp

rov

ed lig

ht

dis

trib

utio

n

p

art

icul

arly

on th

e

lo

w b

ea

m a

nd

re

duc

es th

e

r

isk of

dam

ag

e

in

th

e eve

nt

of

a

col

lisio

n.

Th

e a

ero

dyn

am

ics

are al

so

im

pr

ove

d

The

d

ire

ctio

n ind

icat

or

ligh

ts

are

a

wrap-around

des

ign

for

b

est

po

ssi

ble

vi

sibi

lity w

ithin

a

ve

ry

larg

e

se

ctor

.

The rear

light

clusters

are also

a

wrap-around

d

esi

gn.

T

he dup

lica

ted

r

ear

lig

htso

n

ea

ch s

ide

hav

e a

larg

e

l

ight

are

a an

dcon

trib

u

t

e

to

im

pro

ve

d reli

abili

ty.

6


47/96


48/96


49/96


50/96

The i

nter

ior

m

ust

be

s

uff ic

ient

ly

roo

m

y

to

s-

s

ure

th

e oc

cupa

nts

of h

ig h

stan

dard

o

fco

m-

fo

rt

ev

en

on

longjo urne

ys

and

it

must

also

be

d

e

s

igne

dto h

elp

p

rote

ct

th

e oc

cup

ants

i

n th

e

e

v

ent

of an

a

ccid

ent.

In

t

er

i

or

s

p

a

ce

T

he

inte

rior of

th

e S aa

b 900

is ap

pre

ciabl

y

l

arger

than

the e t

crior

wou

ld su

ggest

. Du

e to

the

w

ide

d

oors

a

nd

the la

rge ope

ning

an

gles

the occu

pants

can

clim

b

in to and

ou

t of

the c

ar vv

ith ea

se. The

d

oors

pr

otect

the

s

ill mem

bers

from

r

oad

d ir t

. Mo

reove

r the

sillsa

re l

ow and

set b

ack w

hich

c

ontrib

utes

f

urthe

r

to th

e ease

of

entry

an d

e

it.

On th e

four-

door

mo

del,

the

rear d

oor

fr

ame

fo ll

ows

the co

ntour

o

f th e

b

ackre

st . O

n the

th

re

e -do

or

m

odel

,

th e

fro

n t

scat

back

rest ca

n

be

fol

ded do

wn

for c

onve

nien t

acce

ss

to the

back

sca

t

A

grab

handle

is

prov

ided

be

low

th e

glov

e com

part

me nt

, so t

hat t

he fr

ont s

cat pas

se n

g

e r ca

n ea

sily

adjus

t the

se

at

fore

an

d aft

whi

le sea

ted.

900

S and

Tu

rbo mod

els

arc

equ

ip

ped wit

h

a

n

e t

ra c

ente

r

c

onso

le be

low

t

he ins

trume

nt p

ane l.

Th

e

con

s

ole

inclu

des

pr

actic

al storage

co

rnpar

tmcn

ts

a

nd

sp

ace f

or acc

es

so

ries o

r au

dio comp

onen

ts .

A

udio

c

omp

onen

ts on

all mo

dels

c

anbe

r

em ov

ed ea

sily w

ith t

he sp

e

cial

tools

prov

ided

mini

mizi

ng the

ch

ance

of

th ef

t. H i

gh outp

ut

AM

/

FM /c

asset

te p l

ayers

on

900S

an d

T

urbo

mo

dels

a

lso h

ave a

spe

cial

e l

ec t ro

nic l

ock

out sy

stem

to

fur

the

r

d

eter

th e

ft. A

ll mo

dels

inclu

de

stere

o spe

aker

s

at

the

fro

nt and

rear

as well as ele ctric

a

nten

na.

Tur

bo

mod

els a

lso

inclu

de a

grap

hic

equ

alize

r/spe

ctru

m a

naly z

er.

Accor

ding

to Sa

ab de

signers

c

omfort

beg

ins at the

choice

o

f

ba

sic d

esign

and

at the dec

ision

that func

tional co

nsider

ations

gui

de theove

rall de

sign.

5

The

Saab

900 has a

n i

nterior o

f

a

mple

pro-

p

or tion

s with

ou t bulk

y drive

sh

aft and

wit

h-

ou

t wheel h

ousing

s whi

ch encro

ach

on

the


51/96

C

O

M

FO

RT

AN

D

S

F

E

T

Y

sp

ac

e

av

ail

ab

le

fo

r

th

eo

u

te

r

p

as

se

n

ge

rs

n

th

e

ba

ck

se

at

. Th

e

he

ad

ro

o

m

is

a

lso

am

p

le

Th

e

d

o

or

s

ha

ve

w

id

eo

p

en

in

g

an

g

le.

T

he

sil

ls

a

re

se

t

b

a

ck

a

nd

p

ro

te

ct

ed

a

g

ain

s

t r

oa

d d

ir

t.

T

he

fr

on

tc

o

ns

ol

e

s

sta

n

da

rd

on

90

0S

an

d

u

-

b

o

m

od

e

ls

an

d

in

cl

ud

es

pr

ac

tic

a

l

s

tor

ag

e

c

om

-

pa

rt

m

en

ts

w

hi

ch

ca

n

a

lso

b

e

u

se

d

fo

r in

st

all

ing

ad

d

itio

n

al

g

au

ge

s

a

u

dio

e

qu

ip

m

e

nt

or

o

the

r

a

cc

es

s

or

ies

.

5


52/96


53/96

C

OM

FO

RT

A

ND

S

FE

TY

s

ign

s ,

o

ne

fo

r

the

S

Saab 900 Engineering features 1987 [OCR]

Documents

Transcript of Saab 900 Engineering features 1987 [OCR]