Consecuencias de la anorexia nerviosa, la anorexia tiene cura, tipos de anorexia
Sa1461 Serotonin 2C Receptor Antagonism is a Potential New Candidate Treatment for Stress-Related...
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AGA Abstracts Conclusion: The novel LD-FOXO3 network regulates growth in normal and CCC. This demonstrates that this network may be critical in obesity-promoted tumor growth; thus it may serve as a new target for therapeutic intervention. Sa1461 Serotonin 2C Receptor Antagonism is a Potential New Candidate Treatment for Stress-Related Anorexia Mitsuko Ochiai, Koji Yakabi, Shoki Ro, Shino Ohno, Yumi Harada, Masamichi Noguchi, Tomohisa Hattori Background/Aims: Stress is well known to suppress appetite, ultimately leading to chronic eating disorders that may require medical treatment. However, no treatment exists for stress- induced loss of appetite, because its detailed mechanism remains unknown. Serotonin regulates emotions and food intake, and serotonin 2c receptor (5-HT2cR) is known to control feeding behavior. In this study, we used an urocortin 1 (UCN)-induced stress model to evaluate the effects of central 5-HT2cR and changes in the expression of c-fos mRNA. 5-HT2bR, another serotonin receptor that controls food intake, was also evaluated, and the effects of both receptor antagonists on loss of appetite were compared to investigate the potential of 5-HT2cR antagonist drugs for anorexia treatment. Methods: Intraventricular (ICV) injection of UCN or phosphate-buffered saline was administered to Sprague-Dawley rats, and the brains were collected after perfusion fixation, and fixed whole brains were cut in the coronal plane. The mRNA expression of 5-HT2cR and c-fos was evaluated by in situ hybridization. In addition, double staining of 5-HT2cR was performed for a sample section in which an increased level of c-fos mRNA expression was observed. The selective 5-HT2cR antagonist SB242084, the selective 5-HT2bR antagonist SB215505 (intraperitoneal), or rikkunshito (oral), which shows properties of both 5-HT2cR and 5-HT2bR antagonism, was administered and their respective effects on food intake decreases were evaluated in order to clarify the role of 5-HT2cR activation on stress-induced anorexia. Results: The 5-HT2cR mRNA expression in rats under UCN-induced stress was increased primarily in the solitary tract nucleus (NTS) of the medulla oblongata and in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus. Concurrent enhancement of c-fos mRNA expression was observed. Expression of 5-HT2cR mRNA in the arcuate nucleus was approximately the same in both stress-induced and non-stress-induced groups. Double staining revealed that 5-HT2cR and c-fos were expressed in the same cells in the solitary tract nucleus and PVN. Intraperitoneal administration of 5-HT2cR antagonist SB242084 and oral administration of rikkunshito significantly inhibited food intake decreases in rats exposed to UCN-induced stress; in contrast, administration of the 5-HT2bR antagonist SB215505 did not affect food intake. Conclusion: 5-HT2cR antagonism is a potential candidate for the treatment of stress- related anorexia. When the corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) receptor is activated, stress responses may be enhanced by increased responsiveness of 5-HT2cR on CRF neurons in the PVN. Signals from the vagus nerve may increase responsiveness of 5-HT2cR in the NTS, leading to further negative regulation of food intake. Sa1462 Obesity in Colorectal Adenomas May Have a Gender Specific Relationship Amir C. Patel, Laura K. Bianchi, Hongyan Du, Gail Dieterich, Oehme Soule, Hemant K. Roy The role of gender in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains incompletely understood. For example, while CRC remains the third leading cause of cancer deaths in both sexes, females tend to have more microsatellite unstable disease, later age of onset, predilection for proximal colon and a better prognosis. There appear to be differences in risk factors as indicated by our report that females are more susceptible to the CRC promoting effects of tobacco than males (Arch Int Med 2006). While epidemiologic studies have shown that obesity is a well-established risk factor for promoting CRC, studies have not been entirely consistent. In addition, studies on the gender relationship have been discordant and almost equally divided between larger effects in females and males. Furthermore, these issues in colonic adenomas remain largely unexplored. This is particularly important given the importance of adenomas in long-term risk stratification. Herein, we studied the impact of gender and obesity on adenoma formation. Methods: The current study was conducted between November 2010 and November 2011. With adenoma studies, the key confounder is adenoma detection rate. We therefore standard- ized by review of a single endoscopist's colonoscopy reports. 696 subject colonoscopy and pathology records were reviewed. 97 subjects were excluded given incomplete colonoscopies, inadequate bowel preparation, overt bleeding, history of inflammatory bowel disease, and hereditary disorders (Lynch Syndrome, FAP, or Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome). We analyzed 599 subjects who had undergone complete colonoscopy and who had complete information on weight and height for BMI calculation. Endoscopic and pathologic data was collected, including total number of colorectal adenomas. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient was calculated for all subjects in aggregate as well as for each gender. Results: Our study S-312 AGA Abstracts demonstrated a direct correlation between higher BMIs and colorectal adenomas. However, in males, there was no correlation between BMI and total number of adenomas with a Spearman correlation coefficient of 0.009, p = 0.937 (Table 1) In females, there was a correlation between calculated BMI and total number of adenomas with a Spearman correla- tion coefficient of 0.141, p=0.001 (Table 2). Conclusions: Our findings regarding BMI and colorectal adenomas are in agreement with previous studies that found a positive correlation between higher BMIs and colorectal adenomas. We demonstrate herein, for the first time, that obesity appeared to have a gender selective effect on colorectal adenoma formation. Specifically, obesity correlated with a significant increase in adenoma prevalence in females versus no effect in males. The significance of this is not only important for risk stratification, but may also provide more insight into differences in biologic pathways of colorectal cancer based on gender. Table 1. Descriptive statistics, correlation between BMI and total adenoma #, for males In male, there is no correlation between BMI and total adenoma#, Spearman correlation coefficient is 0.009, p=0.937. Table 2. Descriptive statistics, correlation between BMI and total adenoma #, for females In female, there is a correlation between calculated BMI and total adenoma#, Spearman correlation coefficient is 0.141, given that the sample size is huge (n=595), this correlation is statistically significant (p=0.0014). Sa1463 Nativity, Obesity, and the Prevalence of Colorectal Neoplasia Alan Tieu, Nneoma O. Okoronkwo, Chukwuma Umunakwe, Mohammad Semati, Freaw N. Dejenie, Victor F. Scott, Adeyinka O. Laiyemo Background: Obesity is a global epidemic and it is known to be associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer. Colorectal cancer is the second most common cause of cancer- related death in the United States. However, the risk of colorectal cancer is lower in developing countries. It is unknown if the place of birth mitigates the effect of obesity on colorectal cancer risk. Aim: To determine the association of obesity with colorectal neoplasia and evaluate the effect of place of birth on this association. Patients and Methods: We reviewed medical records of patients who had colonoscopy at Howard University Hospital, Wash- ington, DC from January 2009 to October 2010 and identified 897 patients who provided information on their height, weight, and place of birth. We calculated the body mass index (BMI) and defined < 25 kg/m2 (normal); 25-29 kg/m2 (overweight) and 30 kg/m2 (obese). We used logistic regression models to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: A total of 632 (70.5%) patients were born in the United States while 265 (29.5%) were foreign born. The mean age of the patients was 59.9 years and 60.7% were females. A total of 245 patients (27.3 %) had BMI < 25 kg/m2; 312 (34.8%) had BMI = 25-29 kg/m2; and 340 (37.9%) had BMI ≥30 kg/m2. Patients with normal BMI (BMI < 25 kg/m2) were the oldest (mean age 61.7 vs 59.9 vs 58.7 years; P value = 0.001). There were no differences in the prevalence of polyps among normal BMI, overweight or obese patients (27.4 % vs 22.8% vs 27%; P value = 0.35). After adjusting for age, sex, and use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, when compared to patients with normal BMI, there was no difference in the prevalence of adenoma among overweight patients (OR = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.43-1.16) and obese patients (OR = 0.70; 95% CI: 0.42-1.16). These findings remain the same among those born in the United States and foreign born patients except that overweight foreign born patients were less likely to have adenoma (table). Conclusion: We found no association between obesity and the prevalence of colorectal adenoma regardless of the place of birth. However, overweight foreign born patients may have a reduced susceptibility to colorectal neoplasia. Association of BMI with prevalence of adenoma by place of birth Adjusted for age, sex, and use of non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
Transcript of Sa1461 Serotonin 2C Receptor Antagonism is a Potential New Candidate Treatment for Stress-Related...
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sConclusion: The novel LD-FOXO3 network regulates growth in normal and CCC. Thisdemonstrates that this network may be critical in obesity-promoted tumor growth; thus itmay serve as a new target for therapeutic intervention.
Sa1461
Serotonin 2C Receptor Antagonism is a Potential New Candidate Treatmentfor Stress-Related AnorexiaMitsuko Ochiai, Koji Yakabi, Shoki Ro, Shino Ohno, Yumi Harada, Masamichi Noguchi,Tomohisa Hattori
Background/Aims: Stress is well known to suppress appetite, ultimately leading to chroniceating disorders that may require medical treatment. However, no treatment exists for stress-induced loss of appetite, because its detailed mechanism remains unknown. Serotoninregulates emotions and food intake, and serotonin 2c receptor (5-HT2cR) is known tocontrol feeding behavior. In this study, we used an urocortin 1 (UCN)-induced stress modelto evaluate the effects of central 5-HT2cR and changes in the expression of c-fos mRNA.5-HT2bR, another serotonin receptor that controls food intake, was also evaluated, and theeffects of both receptor antagonists on loss of appetite were compared to investigate thepotential of 5-HT2cR antagonist drugs for anorexia treatment. Methods: Intraventricular(ICV) injection of UCN or phosphate-buffered saline was administered to Sprague-Dawleyrats, and the brains were collected after perfusion fixation, and fixed whole brains were cutin the coronal plane. The mRNA expression of 5-HT2cR and c-fos was evaluated by in situhybridization. In addition, double staining of 5-HT2cR was performed for a sample sectionin which an increased level of c-fos mRNA expression was observed. The selective 5-HT2cRantagonist SB242084, the selective 5-HT2bR antagonist SB215505 (intraperitoneal), orrikkunshito (oral), which shows properties of both 5-HT2cR and 5-HT2bR antagonism, wasadministered and their respective effects on food intake decreases were evaluated in orderto clarify the role of 5-HT2cR activation on stress-induced anorexia. Results: The 5-HT2cRmRNA expression in rats under UCN-induced stress was increased primarily in the solitarytract nucleus (NTS) of the medulla oblongata and in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN)of the hypothalamus. Concurrent enhancement of c-fos mRNA expression was observed.Expression of 5-HT2cR mRNA in the arcuate nucleus was approximately the same in bothstress-induced and non-stress-induced groups. Double staining revealed that 5-HT2cR andc-fos were expressed in the same cells in the solitary tract nucleus and PVN. Intraperitonealadministration of 5-HT2cR antagonist SB242084 and oral administration of rikkunshitosignificantly inhibited food intake decreases in rats exposed to UCN-induced stress; incontrast, administration of the 5-HT2bR antagonist SB215505 did not affect food intake.Conclusion: 5-HT2cR antagonism is a potential candidate for the treatment of stress-related anorexia. When the corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) receptor is activated, stressresponses may be enhanced by increased responsiveness of 5-HT2cR on CRF neurons inthe PVN. Signals from the vagus nerve may increase responsiveness of 5-HT2cR in the NTS,leading to further negative regulation of food intake.
Sa1462
Obesity in Colorectal Adenomas May Have a Gender Specific RelationshipAmir C. Patel, Laura K. Bianchi, Hongyan Du, Gail Dieterich, Oehme Soule, Hemant K.Roy
The role of gender in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains incompletely understood. For example,while CRC remains the third leading cause of cancer deaths in both sexes, females tend tohave more microsatellite unstable disease, later age of onset, predilection for proximal colonand a better prognosis. There appear to be differences in risk factors as indicated by ourreport that females are more susceptible to the CRC promoting effects of tobacco than males(Arch Int Med 2006).While epidemiologic studies have shown that obesity is a well-establishedrisk factor for promoting CRC, studies have not been entirely consistent. In addition, studieson the gender relationship have been discordant and almost equally divided between largereffects in females and males. Furthermore, these issues in colonic adenomas remain largelyunexplored. This is particularly important given the importance of adenomas in long-termrisk stratification. Herein, we studied the impact of gender and obesity on adenoma formation.Methods: The current study was conducted between November 2010 and November 2011.With adenoma studies, the key confounder is adenoma detection rate. We therefore standard-ized by review of a single endoscopist's colonoscopy reports. 696 subject colonoscopy andpathology records were reviewed. 97 subjects were excluded given incomplete colonoscopies,inadequate bowel preparation, overt bleeding, history of inflammatory bowel disease, andhereditary disorders (Lynch Syndrome, FAP, or Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome). We analyzed 599subjects who had undergone complete colonoscopy and who had complete information onweight and height for BMI calculation. Endoscopic and pathologic data was collected,including total number of colorectal adenomas. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient wascalculated for all subjects in aggregate as well as for each gender. Results: Our study
S-312AGA Abstracts
demonstrated a direct correlation between higher BMIs and colorectal adenomas. However,in males, there was no correlation between BMI and total number of adenomas with aSpearman correlation coefficient of 0.009, p = 0.937 (Table 1) In females, there was acorrelation between calculated BMI and total number of adenomas with a Spearman correla-tion coefficient of 0.141, p=0.001 (Table 2). Conclusions: Our findings regarding BMI andcolorectal adenomas are in agreement with previous studies that found a positive correlationbetween higher BMIs and colorectal adenomas. We demonstrate herein, for the first time,that obesity appeared to have a gender selective effect on colorectal adenoma formation.Specifically, obesity correlated with a significant increase in adenoma prevalence in femalesversus no effect in males. The significance of this is not only important for risk stratification,but may also provide more insight into differences in biologic pathways of colorectal cancerbased on gender.Table 1. Descriptive statistics, correlation between BMI and total adenoma #, for males
In male, there is no correlation between BMI and total adenoma#, Spearman correlationcoefficient is 0.009, p=0.937.Table 2. Descriptive statistics, correlation between BMI and total adenoma #, for females
In female, there is a correlation between calculated BMI and total adenoma#, Spearmancorrelation coefficient is 0.141, given that the sample size is huge (n=595), this correlationis statistically significant (p=0.0014).
Sa1463
Nativity, Obesity, and the Prevalence of Colorectal NeoplasiaAlan Tieu, Nneoma O. Okoronkwo, Chukwuma Umunakwe, Mohammad Semati, FreawN. Dejenie, Victor F. Scott, Adeyinka O. Laiyemo
Background: Obesity is a global epidemic and it is known to be associated with an increasedrisk of colorectal cancer. Colorectal cancer is the second most common cause of cancer-related death in the United States. However, the risk of colorectal cancer is lower in developingcountries. It is unknown if the place of birth mitigates the effect of obesity on colorectalcancer risk. Aim: To determine the association of obesity with colorectal neoplasia andevaluate the effect of place of birth on this association. Patients and Methods: We reviewedmedical records of patients who had colonoscopy at Howard University Hospital, Wash-ington, DC from January 2009 to October 2010 and identified 897 patients who providedinformation on their height, weight, and place of birth. We calculated the body mass index(BMI) and defined < 25 kg/m2 (normal); 25-29 kg/m2 (overweight) and 30 kg/m2 (obese).We used logistic regression models to calculate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidenceintervals (CI). Results: A total of 632 (70.5%) patients were born in the United States while265 (29.5%) were foreign born. The mean age of the patients was 59.9 years and 60.7%were females. A total of 245 patients (27.3 %) had BMI < 25 kg/m2; 312 (34.8%) hadBMI = 25-29 kg/m2; and 340 (37.9%) had BMI ≥30 kg/m2. Patients with normal BMI(BMI < 25 kg/m2) were the oldest (mean age 61.7 vs 59.9 vs 58.7 years; P value = 0.001).There were no differences in the prevalence of polyps among normal BMI, overweight orobese patients (27.4 % vs 22.8% vs 27%; P value = 0.35). After adjusting for age, sex, anduse of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, when compared to patients with normal BMI,there was no difference in the prevalence of adenoma among overweight patients (OR =0.71; 95% CI: 0.43-1.16) and obese patients (OR = 0.70; 95% CI: 0.42-1.16). These findingsremain the same among those born in the United States and foreign born patients exceptthat overweight foreign born patients were less likely to have adenoma (table). Conclusion:We found no association between obesity and the prevalence of colorectal adenoma regardlessof the place of birth. However, overweight foreign born patients may have a reducedsusceptibility to colorectal neoplasia.Association of BMI with prevalence of adenoma by place of birth
Adjusted for age, sex, and use of non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs
