S12j prague on civil society innovation
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Transcript of S12j prague on civil society innovation
Keynote presentation to conference onScience and the Public in Decision-Making Processes,
Prague, 25th October 2012
Andy StirlingSPRU & STEPS Centre
PLURALISING PROGRESS?
Civil Society and the Direction of Innovation
- The Economist
`
“we'll restore science to its rightful place”… - President Obama
“Our hope … relies on scientific and technological progress” - Premier Wen Jiabao
PROGRESS
“you can’t stop progress” …
“One can not impede scientific progress.” - President Ahmadinejad
Mainstream Innovation Policy
all innovation is progress…
Lisbon Strategy for: “pro-innovation action”
- EU Council of Ministers
“we need more pro-innovation policies” - PM Gordon
Brown
“… the Government’s strategy is … pro-innovation” - PM David Cameron
TECHNOLOGY
SCIENCE
PROGRESS
TECHNOLOGY
Lord Alec Broers, President, RAEng
…“history is a race to advance technology”
Technology:
“will determine the future of the human race’”
The challenge of government:
“to strive to stay in the race”…
The role of the public:
“to give technology the status it deserves”…
The One-Track, Hard-Wired Innovation Race
Treats innovation as homogeneous: no distinctions … no alternatives… no politics … no choice !
PROGRESS
TECHNOLOGY
Conventional Innovation Policy
Treats innovation as homogeneous: no distinctions … no alternatives … no politics … no choice !
Scope for debate restricted to: yes or no? … how much? how fast? … who leads?
PROGRESS
TECHNOLOGY
Conventional Innovation Policy
TECHNOLOGY
Treats innovation as homogeneous: no distinctions … no alternatives … no politics … no choice !
Scope for debate restricted to: yes or no? … how much? how fast?’ … who leads?
Seriously neglects questions over: which way? …what alternatives? says who? …why?
PROGRESS
Conventional Innovation Policy
Scope for debate restricted to: yes or no? … how much? how fast?’ … who leads?
Seriously neglects questions over: which way? …what alternatives? says who? …why?
Treats innovation as homogeneous: no distinctions … no alternatives … no politics … no choice !
SUSTAINABILITYSCIENCE
PRESUMED SINGULAR
TRANSITION
The Sustainability Transition?
Constituted by institutions, practices, discourses, imaginations… knowledges of many kinds … as well as science and technology
BUT: not all that is conceivable, feasible, viable – will be fully realisable
For instance... “sustainable energy”
Innovation as Branching Social Pathways
Intended and unintended processes and power ‘close down’ pathways
social shaping (Bijker, 85) co-construction (Misa, 03) studies: expectations (Brown, 03) imaginations (Jasanoff, 05)
Innovation as Branching Social Pathways
Intended and unintended processes and power ‘close down’ pathways
history: contingency (Mokyr, 92) momentum (Hughes 83)path-dependence (David, 85) path creation
(Karnoe, 01)
Innovation as Branching Social Pathways
Intended and unintended processes and power ‘close down’ pathways
philosophy: autonomy (Winner, 77) closure (Feenberg, 91)/politics entrapment (Walker, 01) alignment (Geels, 02)
Innovation as Branching Social Pathways
Intended and unintended processes and power ‘close down’ pathways
economics: homeostasis (Sahal, 85) lock-in (Arthur, 89) regimes (Nelson & Winter, 77) trajectories (Dosi,
82)
Innovation as Branching Social Pathways
Civil Society Sustains Excluded Pathways
values, visions, knowledges, interests, practices, lifestyles, behaviours…
Relative freedom from market and state structures retains diversity
Policy Knowledge as ‘Sound Science’
on chemicals:“ …sound science will be the basis of the Commission's legislative proposal…” - EC RTD Commissioner, Philippe Busquin
on genetic modification:
“… this government's approach is to make decisions … on the basis of sound science”
- former UK Prime Minister, Tony Blair
on energy:
“[n]ow is the right time for a cool-headed, evidence based assessment … I want to sweep away historic prejudice and put in its place evidence and science”
former UK Energy Minister Malcolm Wicks
Justification: from political ‘problems’ to technical ‘puzzles’
on public health:
“… sound science…science-based decisions” - UN WHO DG Margaret Chan
Hidden Ambiguities in ‘Sound Science’
Energy technologies: mature, sophisticated comparative analysis…
0.001 0.1 10 1000externality’: cUS/kWh (after Sundqvist et al, 2005)low RISK high
coal
oil
gas
nuclear
hydro
wind
solar
biomass
Energy technologies: mature, sophisticated comparative analysis…
Hidden Ambiguities in ‘Sound Science’
0.001 0.1 10 1000
coal
oil
gas
nuclear
hydro
21
wind
solar
biomass
n =
‘externality’: cUS/kWh (after Sundqvist et al, 2005)
minimum maximum25% 75%
low RISK high
Energy technologies: mature, sophisticated comparative analysis…
Hidden Ambiguities in ‘Sound Science’
coal
oil
gas
nuclear
hydro
36
20
wind 18
solar 11
biomass 22
31
21
16
n =
Energy technologies: mature, sophisticated comparative analysis…
Hidden Ambiguities in ‘Sound Science’
unproblematic
problematic
knowledge about likelihoods
- Socrates, Lao Tzu, Knight, Keynes, Shackle, Collingridge, Smithson, Ravetz, Wynne ...
RISK
UNCERTAINTY
engineered components closed deterministic systems high frequency incidents familiar contexts
open dynamic systems low frequency events human factors changing contexts
INCERTITUDE
Closing Down Policy Knowledge contrasting aspects of ‘incertitude’
unproblematic
problematic
unproblematic problematic
knowledge about likelihoods
knowledge about possibilities
- Socrates, Lao Tzu, Knight, Keynes, Shackle, Collingridge, Smithson, Ravetz, Wynne ...
RISK
UNCERTAINTY
AMBIGUITY
IGNORANCE
engineered components closed deterministic systems high frequency incidents familiar contexts
open dynamic systems low frequency events human factors changing contexts
defining pros & cons contrasting impacts
diverse perspectives alternative options
novel agents or vectors surprising conditions new alternatives
wilful blinkers
INCERTITUDE
contrasting aspects of ‘incertitude’
Civil Society Opens Up Policy Knowledge
unproblematic
problematic
unproblematic problematic
knowledge about likelihoods
knowledge about possibilities
RISK
UNCERTAINTY
AMBIGUITY aggregative analysis patronage, pressure political closure
insurance limitsreductive modelsstochastic reasoning
` evidence-based policy
institutional remits
political cultureliability protection
harm definitions indicators / metrics IGNORANCE
risk focus is shaped by power – Beck’s “organised irresponsibility”
Pressures for Closure institutional pressures ‘close down’ around risk assessment
unproblematic
problematic
unproblematic problematic
knowledge about likelihoods
knowledge about possibilities
RISK
UNCERTAINTY
AMBIGUITY
IGNORANCE
aggregated probabilities optimisation algorithms synthetic decision trees Delphi / Foresight predictive modelling
civil society ‘sub-politics’ helps counter institutional closure
Civil Society Opens Up Policy Knowledge
unproblematic
problematic
unproblematic problematic
knowledge about likelihoods
AMBIGUITY
IGNORANCE
RISK
UNCERTAINTY
aggregated probabilities optimisation algorithms synthetic decision trees Delphi / Foresight predictive modelling
burden of evidence onus of persuasion uncertainty factors decision heuristics interval analysis sensitivity testing
knowledge about possibilities
challenges to expert quantitative assessment
civil society ‘sub-politics’ helps counter institutional closure
Civil Society Opens Up Policy Knowledge
scenarios / backcasting interactive modelling
mapping / Q-methods participatory deliberation
democratic procedures
unproblematic
problematic
unproblematic problematic
knowledge about likelihoods
AMBIGUITY
IGNORANCE
RISK
UNCERTAINTY
burden of evidence onus of persuasion uncertainty factors decision heuristics interval analysis sensitivity testing
knowledge about possibilities
aggregated probabilities optimisation algorithms synthetic decision trees Delphi / Foresight predictive modelling
challenges to incumbent mainstream framings
civil society ‘sub-politics’ helps counter institutional closure
Civil Society Opens Up Policy Knowledge
unproblematic
unproblematic problematic
knowledge about likelihoods
AMBIGUITY
IGNORANCE
RISK
knowledge about possibilities
responsive civic research curiosity monitoring,
evidentiary presumptions flexibility, reversibility
diversity, resilience, agility, adaptability
scenarios / backcasting interactive modelling
mapping / Q-methods participatory deliberation
democratic procedures
problematic UNCERTAINTY
aggregated probabilities optimisation algorithms synthetic decision trees Delphi / Foresight predictive modelling
civil society ‘sub-politics’ helps counter institutional closure
burden of evidence onus of persuasion uncertainty factors decision heuristics interval analysis sensitivity testing
challenges to wilful and instrumental blinkers
Civil Society Opens Up Policy Knowledge
unproblematic
problematic
unproblematic problematic
knowledge about likelihoods
precautionary appraisal
participatory deliberation
definitive prescription
RISK
UNCERTAINTY
AMBIGUITY
IGNORANCE
knowledge about possibilities
Op
tion
s
Op
tion
s
adaptive learning
sustainability
safety
‘opening up’: options, issues, approaches, possibilities, perspectives
civil society ‘sub-politics’ helps counter institutional closure
Civil Society Opens Up Policy Knowledge
unproblematic
problematic
unproblematic problematic
knowledge about likelihoods
precautionary appraisal
participatory deliberation
definitive prescription
RISK
UNCERTAINTY
AMBIGUITY
IGNORANCE
knowledge about possibilities
active civil society helps force humility and reflexivity
adaptive learning
‘opening up’: options, issues, approaches, possibilities, perspectives
civil society ‘sub-politics’ helps counter institutional closure
Civil Society Opens Up Policy Knowledge
Blind spot in social and political science of innovation (Smith, 05)
- political science: ‘systems of production’, but not innovation (Hollingsworth 97)
- social movements research: ideas, institutions, interests – not technology (Smith, 05)
- social studies of technology: only general ‘pressure’ (Poel, 00; Jamison, 99)
- multi-level model acknowledges role … (Schot, 03; Geels, 08)
…but pays insufficient attention to role of politics and power (Smith et al, 05)
Innovation studies neglects civil society…
Restricted focus in innovation systems research
- explicitly excluded in ‘triple helix’ (government, industry, academia) (Etzkowitz 05)
- sidelined as general factor in healthy economy (Fukuyama 00)
- relevant only at lower levels of regional systems of innovation (Cook 98)
- implicated indirectly thro’ small business ‘partnerships’ in development (Hall 01)
- on ‘democracy’: focus is on education system, not civil society (Lundvall 09)
T im eT im e
L a n d sc a p e d e v e lo p m e n ts p u t p re s su re o n e x is tin g re g im e , w h ic h o p e n s u p , c re a tin g w in d o w s o f o p p o rtu n ity fo r n o v e lt ie s
S o c io - te c h n ic a l re g im e is ‘d y n a m ic a lly s ta b le ’.O n d iffe re n t d im e n s io n s th e re a re o n g o in g p ro c e ss e s
N e w c o n f ig u ra tio n b re a k s th ro u g h , ta k in ga d v a n ta g e o f ‘w in d o w s o f o p p o rtu n ity ’ . A d ju s tm e n ts o c c u r in s o c io - te c h n ic a l re g im e .
E le m e n ts a re g ra d u a lly l in k e d to g e th e r,a n d s ta b ilis e in a d o m in a n t d e s ig n .In te rn a l m o m e n tu m in c re a se s .
L e a rn in g p ro c e s se s ta k e p la c e o n m u ltip le d im e n s io n s .D iffe re n t e le m e n ts a re g ra d u a lly l in k e d to g e th e r in a se a m le s s w e b .
N e w s o c io - te c h n ic a lre g im e in f lu e n c e s la n d s c a p e
Techno log ica ln ich es
Soc io -techn ica l’land scape
Soc io -tech n ica lreg im e
Te c h n o lo g y
M a rk e ts , u se r p re fe re n c e s
C u ltu reP o lic y
S c ie n c eIn d u s try
experimentation / learning
alignment / stabilisation / momentum
saturation / incumbent inertia windows of opportunity / breakthrough / reconfiguration
environmental drivers / political pressures
environmental drivers / political pressures
TECHNOLOGICAL NICHESTECHNOLOGICAL
NICHES
SOCIO-TECHNICAL
REGIME
SOCIO-TECHNICAL LANDSCAPE
…but civil society doesn’t neglect innovation!
after Geels, 2002
For instance, as seen under the ‘Multi-level Perspective’:
T im eT im e
L a n d sc a p e d e v e lo p m e n ts p u t p re s su re o n e x is tin g re g im e , w h ic h o p e n s u p , c re a tin g w in d o w s o f o p p o rtu n ity fo r n o v e lt ie s
S o c io - te c h n ic a l re g im e is ‘d y n a m ic a lly s ta b le ’.O n d iffe re n t d im e n s io n s th e re a re o n g o in g p ro c e ss e s
N e w c o n f ig u ra tio n b re a k s th ro u g h , ta k in ga d v a n ta g e o f ‘w in d o w s o f o p p o rtu n ity ’ . A d ju s tm e n ts o c c u r in s o c io - te c h n ic a l re g im e .
E le m e n ts a re g ra d u a lly l in k e d to g e th e r,a n d s ta b ilis e in a d o m in a n t d e s ig n .In te rn a l m o m e n tu m in c re a se s .
L e a rn in g p ro c e s se s ta k e p la c e o n m u ltip le d im e n s io n s .D iffe re n t e le m e n ts a re g ra d u a lly l in k e d to g e th e r in a se a m le s s w e b .
N e w s o c io - te c h n ic a lre g im e in f lu e n c e s la n d s c a p e
Techno log ica ln ich es
Soc io -techn ica l’land scape
Soc io -tech n ica lreg im e
Te c h n o lo g y
M a rk e ts , u se r p re fe re n c e s
C u ltu reP o lic y
S c ie n c eIn d u s try
experimentation / learning
alignment / stabilisation / momentum
saturation / incumbent inertia windows of opportunity / breakthrough / reconfiguration
environmental drivers / political pressures
environmental drivers / political pressures
TECHNOLOGICAL NICHESTECHNOLOGICAL
NICHES
SOCIO-TECHNICAL
REGIME
SOCIO-TECHNICAL LANDSCAPE
after Geels, 2002
…but civil society doesn’t neglect innovation!
T im eT im e
L a n d sc a p e d e v e lo p m e n ts p u t p re s su re o n e x is tin g re g im e , w h ic h o p e n s u p , c re a tin g w in d o w s o f o p p o rtu n ity fo r n o v e lt ie s
S o c io - te c h n ic a l re g im e is ‘d y n a m ic a lly s ta b le ’.O n d iffe re n t d im e n s io n s th e re a re o n g o in g p ro c e ss e s
N e w c o n f ig u ra tio n b re a k s th ro u g h , ta k in ga d v a n ta g e o f ‘w in d o w s o f o p p o rtu n ity ’ . A d ju s tm e n ts o c c u r in s o c io - te c h n ic a l re g im e .
E le m e n ts a re g ra d u a lly l in k e d to g e th e r,a n d s ta b ilis e in a d o m in a n t d e s ig n .In te rn a l m o m e n tu m in c re a se s .
L e a rn in g p ro c e s se s ta k e p la c e o n m u ltip le d im e n s io n s .D iffe re n t e le m e n ts a re g ra d u a lly l in k e d to g e th e r in a se a m le s s w e b .
N e w s o c io - te c h n ic a lre g im e in f lu e n c e s la n d s c a p e
Techno log ica ln ich es
Soc io -techn ica l’land scape
Soc io -tech n ica lreg im e
Te c h n o lo g y
M a rk e ts , u se r p re fe re n c e s
C u ltu reP o lic y
S c ie n c eIn d u s try
experimentation / learning
alignment / stabilisation / momentum
saturation / incumbent inertia windows of opportunity / breakthrough / reconfiguration
environmental drivers / political pressures
environmental drivers / political pressures
TECHNOLOGICAL NICHESTECHNOLOGICAL
NICHES
SOCIO-TECHNICAL
REGIME
SOCIO-TECHNICAL LANDSCAPE
after Geels, 2002
…but civil society doesn’t neglect innovation!
T im eT im e
L a n d sc a p e d e v e lo p m e n ts p u t p re s su re o n e x is tin g re g im e , w h ic h o p e n s u p , c re a tin g w in d o w s o f o p p o rtu n ity fo r n o v e lt ie s
S o c io - te c h n ic a l re g im e is ‘d y n a m ic a lly s ta b le ’.O n d iffe re n t d im e n s io n s th e re a re o n g o in g p ro c e ss e s
N e w c o n f ig u ra tio n b re a k s th ro u g h , ta k in ga d v a n ta g e o f ‘w in d o w s o f o p p o rtu n ity ’ . A d ju s tm e n ts o c c u r in s o c io - te c h n ic a l re g im e .
E le m e n ts a re g ra d u a lly l in k e d to g e th e r,a n d s ta b ilis e in a d o m in a n t d e s ig n .In te rn a l m o m e n tu m in c re a se s .
L e a rn in g p ro c e s se s ta k e p la c e o n m u ltip le d im e n s io n s .D iffe re n t e le m e n ts a re g ra d u a lly l in k e d to g e th e r in a se a m le s s w e b .
N e w s o c io - te c h n ic a lre g im e in f lu e n c e s la n d s c a p e
Techno log ica ln ich es
Soc io -techn ica l’land scape
Soc io -tech n ica lreg im e
Te c h n o lo g y
M a rk e ts , u se r p re fe re n c e s
C u ltu reP o lic y
S c ie n c eIn d u s try
experimentation / learning
alignment / stabilisation / momentum
saturation / incumbent inertia windows of opportunity / breakthrough / reconfiguration
environmental drivers / political pressures
environmental drivers / political pressures
TECHNOLOGICAL NICHESTECHNOLOGICAL
NICHES
SOCIO-TECHNICAL
REGIME
SOCIO-TECHNICAL LANDSCAPE
after Geels, 2002
reconfigured socio-technical regime
…but civil society doesn’t neglect innovation!
T im eT im e
L a n d sc a p e d e v e lo p m e n ts p u t p re s su re o n e x is tin g re g im e , w h ic h o p e n s u p , c re a tin g w in d o w s o f o p p o rtu n ity fo r n o v e lt ie s
S o c io - te c h n ic a l re g im e is ‘d y n a m ic a lly s ta b le ’.O n d iffe re n t d im e n s io n s th e re a re o n g o in g p ro c e ss e s
N e w c o n f ig u ra tio n b re a k s th ro u g h , ta k in ga d v a n ta g e o f ‘w in d o w s o f o p p o rtu n ity ’ . A d ju s tm e n ts o c c u r in s o c io - te c h n ic a l re g im e .
E le m e n ts a re g ra d u a lly l in k e d to g e th e r,a n d s ta b ilis e in a d o m in a n t d e s ig n .In te rn a l m o m e n tu m in c re a se s .
L e a rn in g p ro c e s se s ta k e p la c e o n m u ltip le d im e n s io n s .D iffe re n t e le m e n ts a re g ra d u a lly l in k e d to g e th e r in a se a m le s s w e b .
N e w s o c io - te c h n ic a lre g im e in f lu e n c e s la n d s c a p e
Techno log ica ln ich es
Soc io -techn ica l’land scape
Soc io -tech n ica lreg im e
Te c h n o lo g y
M a rk e ts , u se r p re fe re n c e s
C u ltu reP o lic y
S c ie n c eIn d u s try
- consumer boycotts - protest and lobbying- counter-expertise
SOCIO-TECHNICAL
REGIME
eg: nuclear power
chlorine chemicals
deepsea oil
…but civil society doesn’t neglect innovation!
T im eT im e
L a n d sc a p e d e v e lo p m e n ts p u t p re s su re o n e x is tin g re g im e , w h ic h o p e n s u p , c re a tin g w in d o w s o f o p p o rtu n ity fo r n o v e lt ie s
S o c io - te c h n ic a l re g im e is ‘d y n a m ic a lly s ta b le ’.O n d iffe re n t d im e n s io n s th e re a re o n g o in g p ro c e ss e s
N e w c o n f ig u ra tio n b re a k s th ro u g h , ta k in ga d v a n ta g e o f ‘w in d o w s o f o p p o rtu n ity ’ . A d ju s tm e n ts o c c u r in s o c io - te c h n ic a l re g im e .
E le m e n ts a re g ra d u a lly l in k e d to g e th e r,a n d s ta b ilis e in a d o m in a n t d e s ig n .In te rn a l m o m e n tu m in c re a se s .
L e a rn in g p ro c e s se s ta k e p la c e o n m u ltip le d im e n s io n s .D iffe re n t e le m e n ts a re g ra d u a lly l in k e d to g e th e r in a se a m le s s w e b .
N e w s o c io - te c h n ic a lre g im e in f lu e n c e s la n d s c a p e
Techno log ica ln ich es
Soc io -techn ica l’land scape
Soc io -tech n ica lreg im e
Te c h n o lo g y
M a rk e ts , u se r p re fe re n c e s
C u ltu reP o lic y
S c ie n c eIn d u s try
- activist visions - DIY inventors- grassroots innovation - early adopters
alignment / stabilisation / momentum
TECHNOLOGICAL NICHESTECHNOLOGICAL
NICHES
SOCIO-TECHNICAL
REGIME
- consumer boycotts - protest and lobbying- counter-expertise
eg: organic food
renewable energy
low energy housing
…but civil society doesn’t neglect innovation!
T im eT im e
L a n d sc a p e d e v e lo p m e n ts p u t p re s su re o n e x is tin g re g im e , w h ic h o p e n s u p , c re a tin g w in d o w s o f o p p o rtu n ity fo r n o v e lt ie s
S o c io - te c h n ic a l re g im e is ‘d y n a m ic a lly s ta b le ’.O n d iffe re n t d im e n s io n s th e re a re o n g o in g p ro c e ss e s
N e w c o n f ig u ra tio n b re a k s th ro u g h , ta k in ga d v a n ta g e o f ‘w in d o w s o f o p p o rtu n ity ’ . A d ju s tm e n ts o c c u r in s o c io - te c h n ic a l re g im e .
E le m e n ts a re g ra d u a lly l in k e d to g e th e r,a n d s ta b ilis e in a d o m in a n t d e s ig n .In te rn a l m o m e n tu m in c re a se s .
L e a rn in g p ro c e s se s ta k e p la c e o n m u ltip le d im e n s io n s .D iffe re n t e le m e n ts a re g ra d u a lly l in k e d to g e th e r in a se a m le s s w e b .
N e w s o c io - te c h n ic a lre g im e in f lu e n c e s la n d s c a p e
Techno log ica ln ich es
Soc io -techn ica l’land scape
Soc io -tech n ica lreg im e
Te c h n o lo g y
M a rk e ts , u se r p re fe re n c e s
C u ltu reP o lic y
S c ie n c eIn d u s try
alignment / stabilisation / momentum
environmental drivers / political pressures
TECHNOLOGICAL NICHESTECHNOLOGICAL
NICHES
SOCIO-TECHNICAL
REGIME
SOCIO-TECHNICAL LANDSCAPE
- consumer boycotts - protest and lobbying- counter-expertise
- activist visions - DIY inventors- grassroots innovation - early adopters
- movement building - political climate- awareness raising - culture change
- institutional structure- trade patterns
eg: genetic modification
air pollution
nuclear weapons
…but civil society doesn’t neglect innovation!
T im eT im e
L a n d sc a p e d e v e lo p m e n ts p u t p re s su re o n e x is tin g re g im e , w h ic h o p e n s u p , c re a tin g w in d o w s o f o p p o rtu n ity fo r n o v e lt ie s
S o c io - te c h n ic a l re g im e is ‘d y n a m ic a lly s ta b le ’.O n d iffe re n t d im e n s io n s th e re a re o n g o in g p ro c e ss e s
N e w c o n f ig u ra tio n b re a k s th ro u g h , ta k in ga d v a n ta g e o f ‘w in d o w s o f o p p o rtu n ity ’ . A d ju s tm e n ts o c c u r in s o c io - te c h n ic a l re g im e .
E le m e n ts a re g ra d u a lly l in k e d to g e th e r,a n d s ta b ilis e in a d o m in a n t d e s ig n .In te rn a l m o m e n tu m in c re a se s .
L e a rn in g p ro c e s se s ta k e p la c e o n m u ltip le d im e n s io n s .D iffe re n t e le m e n ts a re g ra d u a lly l in k e d to g e th e r in a se a m le s s w e b .
N e w s o c io - te c h n ic a lre g im e in f lu e n c e s la n d s c a p e
Techno log ica ln ich es
Soc io -techn ica l’land scape
Soc io -tech n ica lreg im e
Te c h n o lo g y
M a rk e ts , u se r p re fe re n c e s
C u ltu reP o lic y
S c ie n c eIn d u s try
environmental drivers / political pressures
TECHNOLOGICAL NICHESTECHNOLOGICAL
NICHES
SOCIO-TECHNICAL
REGIME
SOCIO-TECHNICAL LANDSCAPE
- consumer boycotts - protest and lobbying- counter-expertise
- activist visions - DIY inventors- grassroots innovation - early adopters
- movement building - political climate- awareness raising - culture change
- institutional structure- trade patterns
- community mobilisation- green consumption
- community mobilisation- green consumptioneg: open source software
waste recycling
community growing
…but civil society doesn’t neglect innovation!
T im eT im e
L a n d sc a p e d e v e lo p m e n ts p u t p re s su re o n e x is tin g re g im e , w h ic h o p e n s u p , c re a tin g w in d o w s o f o p p o rtu n ity fo r n o v e lt ie s
S o c io - te c h n ic a l re g im e is ‘d y n a m ic a lly s ta b le ’.O n d iffe re n t d im e n s io n s th e re a re o n g o in g p ro c e ss e s
N e w c o n f ig u ra tio n b re a k s th ro u g h , ta k in ga d v a n ta g e o f ‘w in d o w s o f o p p o rtu n ity ’ . A d ju s tm e n ts o c c u r in s o c io - te c h n ic a l re g im e .
E le m e n ts a re g ra d u a lly l in k e d to g e th e r,a n d s ta b ilis e in a d o m in a n t d e s ig n .In te rn a l m o m e n tu m in c re a se s .
L e a rn in g p ro c e s se s ta k e p la c e o n m u ltip le d im e n s io n s .D iffe re n t e le m e n ts a re g ra d u a lly l in k e d to g e th e r in a se a m le s s w e b .
N e w s o c io - te c h n ic a lre g im e in f lu e n c e s la n d s c a p e
Techno log ica ln ich es
Soc io -techn ica l’land scape
Soc io -tech n ica lreg im e
Te c h n o lo g y
M a rk e ts , u se r p re fe re n c e s
C u ltu reP o lic y
S c ie n c eIn d u s try
environmental drivers / political pressures
TECHNOLOGICAL NICHESTECHNOLOGICAL
NICHES
SOCIO-TECHNICAL
REGIME
SOCIO-TECHNICAL LANDSCAPE
- consumer boycotts - protest and lobbying- counter-expertise
- activist visions - DIY inventors- grassroots innovation - early adopters
- movement building - political climate- awareness raising - culture change
- institutional structure- trade patterns
- community mobilisation- green consumption
- policy shift - mass markets- behaviour change - training demand
eg: low energy lifestyles
IP-free distribution
green careers
…but civil society doesn’t neglect innovation!
civil society is the main driver of radical transformation
technological ‘lock-in’
institutionalised technical risk assessment
multiple feasible
Innovation trajectories
restricted appreciation
innovation union knowledge economy
‘closed down’ outputs
POSSIBLE PATHWAYS
presumed benefits case-by-case focus narrow remits aggregated attention regulatory capture technocratic procedures
risk
narrow inputs
Op
tion
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privileged visions
‘Opening Up’ Innovation Governance
single ‘best’ / ‘optimal’ / most ‘legitimate’
decisions
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POSSIBLE PATHWAYS
diverse pathways
knowledge democracy
broad-based inputs
‘opening up’ outputs
acknowledge plurality and
conditionality
Sustainability
O
ptio
ns
choice discourse
more options, issues, uncertainties, perspectives
diversity in technology portfolios
‘Opening Up’ Innovation Governance
CIVIL SOCIETY
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POSSIBLE PATHWAYS
diverse pathways
knowledge democracy
Sustainability
O
ptio
ns
choice discourse
diversity in technology portfolios
‘Opening Up’ Innovation Governance
help catalyse: democratic accountability context sensitivity
social robustness
broad-based inputs
‘opening up’ outputs
acknowledge plurality and
conditionality
more options, issues, uncertainties, perspectives
A ‘3D’ AGENDA
Direction open up politics of knowledge & innovation
Distribution empower marginal and vulnerable people
Diversity enable pluralities of innovation pathways
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