Sun Worship

Sun WorshipWe Cant Live Without ThemBiological activity requires a source of energy.Cellular respiration produces ATP.Plants use some o f the ATP molecules they make to power the biochemical reactions that sustain life.Create more tissue (e.g., leaves)The energy to power these reactions comes from the SUN!Organisms that produce their own food are called producers.Plants are producers because they make their own food.

We Cant Live Without ThemAnimals cant create their own food. Why?Organisms that cant create their own food are called consumers.Consumers obtain the energy they need by eating other organisms.Herbivores = animals that eat plantsPlant tissues contain many energy-rich molecules sugars, fats, proteinsDigestion breaks down the molecules that make up the plant.Cellular respiration releases the energy that was stored in the bonds of the molecules in plants and produces ATP.Herbivores use the energy for movement and growthAll the energy originally came from the SUN!

We Cant Live Without ThemCarnivore = animal that eats other animalsOmnivore = animal that eats plants and animalsThe tissues of animals are made up of energy-rich molecules sugars, fats, proteins.Digestion breaks down the molecules that make up the meat.Cellular respiration releases the energy that was stored in the bonds of the molecules in animals and produces ATP.Carnivores/Omnivores use the energy for movement and growth (building new body tissues)All the energy originally came from the SUN!

We Cant Live Without ThemHeterotrophs are organisms that obtain their energy from other organisms.They cant make their own foodExamples: animals, fungi, bacteriaAutotrophs are organisms that can create their own food from nonliving sources, such as the Sun, air, and minerals.Examples: plants, some bacteriaHow are they related?Autotrophs provide the energy and organic molecules needed for maintenance and growth of heterotrophs.We Cant Live Without ThemDemo: Calorie in a cheetohWe measure the amount of energy in food using a unit called the Calorie.What do burning foods give off?How is burning the food similar to what happens during cellular repiration?Why does burning different foods produce different results?Energy BudgetWhat do you notice about the amount of energy transferred from one organism to another?

Biosynthesis and BreakdownMetabolism all of the chemical activities and changes that take place in a cell or an organismCells have two types of metabolism:Biosynthesis reactions build larger, more complex molecules from smaller, less complex moleculesExamples: build proteins from amino acids, build tissues from proteins, photosynthesisRequire energyBreakdown or decomposition reactions break down larger molecules into smaller moleculesExamples: break starch into glucose, cellular respirationRelease energy

Biosynthesis and breakdownFood provides the energy needed for biosynthesis reactions.Food also provides the organic molecules that organisms need to make sugars, amino acids, proteins, etc.Plants make organic molecules from the sugars that are made in the Calvin CycleAnimals get the organic molecules they need by breaking down their food through digestionEnzymes in the mouth, stomach and small intestine help to break food down into usable organic molecules: Sugars, amino acids, glycerol, fatty acidsOrganic molecules can enter various stages of cellular respiration to create energyOrganic molecules can also be used in biosynthesis reactions to create molecules needed for maintenance and growth of the organism.

Reflect and Connect p. 353List 3 examples of biosynthesis reactionsList 3 examples of breakdown reactionsWhy are biosynthesis and breakdown reactions important for organisms?