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http://www.entrepreneurship.org/en/entrepreneurship-law/rural-
entrepreneurship-business-resource-materials.aspx
Entrepreneurship Law Editorial Team
BooksChristina Abreo et al., Latino Immigrants Guide to Starting a Business
in Arkansas: A Handbook for Entrepreneurs (2011).
Abstract (from author):This guide is designed to provide information to Latin American immigrants who are
considering starting a small business in Arkansas as well as established business owners who want to learn more
about successful business practices. Our goal is to help you start a business in Arkansas by providing information
about each step of the start-up process. The step-by-step process is also designed to help you develop a business
plan by organizing your information through the use of worksheets and activities included in each step. While
almost all start-up businesses will eventually need to consider each of the topics we have included in this guide, you
may choose to go through each step in a different order than they are listed. Most of the material we have included
was developed in direct response to survey results collected from Latino entrepreneurs in Arkansas about special
training or information they would like to receive.
John C. Allen & Don A. Dillman, AGAINST ALL ODDS: RURAL
COMMUNITY IN THE INFORMATION AGE (1994).
Abstract (from authors): The authors model orients this community in the vortex of contemporary forces,
pointing up, for example, the need for face-to-face interaction among residents versus the larger societys demand
for electronic communication. With increasing conflicts between the culture of rural communities and that of the
outside world occurring, small towns all over the United States are losing their businesses, their doctors, and their
sense of community. Yet the town described in this study is thriving. Against All Odds identifies pride,
determination, and a sense of belonging that must be nurturedand the local organization that binds all of these
factors togetherin order to keep a small town alive in the face of powerful disruptive forces.
John C. Allen & Don A. Dillman, ELECTRONIC BYWAYS: STATE
POLICIES FOR RURAL DEVELOPMENT THROUGH
TELECOMMUNICATIONS (2000).
http://www.entrepreneurship.org/en/entrepreneurship-law/rural-entrepreneurship-business-resource-materials.aspxhttp://www.entrepreneurship.org/en/entrepreneurship-law/rural-entrepreneurship-business-resource-materials.aspxhttp://www.entrepreneurship.org/en/entrepreneurship-law/rural-entrepreneurship-business-resource-materials.aspxhttp://www.entrepreneurship.org/en/entrepreneurship-law/rural-entrepreneurship-business-resource-materials.aspx -
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Abstract (from product description at Amazon.com):Offers an instructive look at the role modern
telecommunications infrastructures play in promoting vibrant rural economies. The authors provide prescriptive
policy recommendations for everyone concerned with rural economic development, from state and rural
policymakers to telecommunications industry executives.
Gry Agnete Alsos, Handbook of Research on Entrepreneurship in
Agriculture and Rural Development (2011).
Abstract(from product description at Amazon.com): The agriculture sector around the world has
experienced profound changes in recent years. This unique and path-breaking Handbook draws together the best
current research in the area of entrepreneurship in agriculture, food production and rural development.
Agriculture policy reforms have impacted farm incomes, while demand side changes have required the
development of sophisticated market driven strategies. Farmers have demonstrated uneven abilities to adapt and
adjust to these ongoing changes. The ability and propensity of farmers to engage in entrepreneurial behaviors is a
key explanation of the different patterns of responses within the sector. This book examines these issues through
three main themes. The first theme focuses on the firm and the individual entrepreneurs, exploring
entrepreneurship within the farm sector. The second takes a sector and industry perspective, exploring new
developments in food production and distribution systems. The third theme explores the inter-relationship between
agricultural entrepreneurship and its spatial context. Contributions are drawn from international research settings
(Scandinavia, Europe, Asia, North America, Australasia) and offer an interdisciplinary approach to the subject
This astute Handbook, which will challenge and enrich the current literature, will appeal to academics in
entrepreneurship, small business studies, agriculture, rural studies, rural sociology and agricultural economics,
food industry economists, policymakers and all those interested in supporting agricultural and rural businesses.
Elaine Edgcombe & Tamra Thetford, The Informal Economy: Making it
in Rural America (2004).
Abstract (from The Aspen Institute website):This publication examines the experiences of 29 entrepreneurs
living and working in several rural counties in Nebraska.
Harold L. Fossum, COMMUNITIES IN THE LEAD: THE NORTHWEST
RURAL DEVELOPMENT SOURCEBOOK (1993).
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Abstract:Includes ideas for rural development, including some that are entrepreneurship and self-employment
oriented.
Stephan J. Goetz, Steven Deller & Tom Harris, TARGETING REGIONAL
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT (2009).
Abstract (from product description at Amazon.com): This book builds on a series of workshops and papers
organized by The Northeast Regional Center for Rural Development (NERCRD) at the Pennsylvania State
University and the Rural Policy Research Centre (RUPRI) at the University of Missouri. The authors present an
innovative approach through a collection of chapters discussing industry targeting and the relevance of Targeting
Regional Economic Development as an important analytical tool for practical targeting purposes. The papers
present issues surrounding community economic development, clusters in industry and rural communities and the
role of agglomeration economies.
Gary P. Green, Steven C. Deller & David W. Marcouiller, Amenities and
Rural Development: Theory, Methods and Public Policy (2005).
Abstract (from Amazon Product Description): While many rural areas continue to experience depopulation
and economic decline, others are facing rapid in-migration, as well as employment and income growth. Much of
this growth is due to the presence and use of amenity resources, broadly defined as qualities of a region that make
it an attractive place to live and work. Rather than extracting natural resources for external markets, these
communities have begun to build economies based on promoting environmental quality. Amenities and Rural
Development explores the paradigmatic shift in how we view land resources and the potential for development in
amenity-rich rural regions. Amenity-based growth can lead to several paths, based largely on proximity to urban
areas and the type of development that occurs, whether it be seasonal residents, retirees, or tourism. The
distributional implications of amenity-led development are an important consideration for policy, both within and
between communities and regions. The contributors conclude that public policy needs to focus on maximizing
complementary and supplementary uses while minimizing antagonistic uses of amenities.
Norris Krueger, ENTREPRENEURSHIP, CRITICAL PERSPECTIVES ON
BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT (2002).
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Deborah Markley, Don Macke & Vicki Luther, ENERGIZING
ENTREPRENEURS: CHARTING A COURSE FOR RURAL
COMMUNITIES (2005).
Abstract:Energizing Entrepreneurs is a guide for the rural community leader who is helping to transform their
communities into hotbeds of entrepreneurship. It discusses what communities can do to energize entrepreneurship
in general, and how to support local entrepreneurs individually. Packed with insightful tips and advice from
experts with years of experience in the field, Energizing Entrepreneurs is a must have for anyone working to
create supportive environments for entrepreneurs, new sources of wealth and sustaining economic betterment.
Henry Asiel Wadsworth, Community Planning and Decision Making to
Attract Industry, in Rural Industrialization: Problems and Potentials
(Larry R. Whiting ed., 1974).
Abstract (from National Agricultural Library website): This text focuses on some of the pragmatic
considerations which need to be taken into account when industry locates to or relocates within a rural community.
It centers its attention on the logistics of integrating new industry into rural areas and on the positive effects such
location offers. Its purpose is to organize, interpret and communicate existing knowledge on industrialization as a
means of empowering communities to both attract and constructively integrate new industry into the social,
economic and physical locale. It presents information on what characteristics of a community act as industrial
attractants and provides advice on corporate leader/community leader communication. Major sub-topics include:
location of industry, national policy, guidance of market forces to achieve benefit maximization, industry's view of
rural areas, impact on the community and effects on labor demand and employment.
Kenneth P. Wilkinson, THE COMMUNITY IN RURAL AMERICA (1991).
Abstract:A study of community in rural America that synthesizes the dominant conceptual approaches to the
study of community and provides a review of the literature on each conceptual approach. The book discusses the
critical variables or measures in the study of community in contemporary rural America.
Articles
Stephen M. Aigner, Cornelia Butler Flora, Syed Noor Tirmizi & Carrie
Wilcox,Dynamics to Sustain Community Development in Persistently
Poor Rural Areas, 34(1) Cmty. Dev. J. 13 (1999).
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Abstract (from publisher):In confronting the problem of persistent rural poverty, scholars and practitioners of
rural development have increasingly questioned the utility of previous antipoverty approaches that emphasize
individually oriented cash transfer programs or policies guided by a modernization/development model. Instead,
to design a recent ten-year policy initiative, the 1994 US Empowerment Zone/Enterprise Community Initiative,
policy framers chose a new approach, locality-based rural development. Using rural census tracts with persistently
poor profiles, the selection process emphasized the primary outcome goals of (1) sustainable community
development and (2) economic opportunity for all residents, and two process goals of (3) citizen participation in the
construction of a locally defined strategic vision and (4) the formation of community-based partnerships to
implement benchmark activities to achieve the two primary outcome goals. The rural sites extend from the Eastern
Shore of Virginia to the Deep South, from states which border Mexico to the Great Plains and the Northwest. An
evaluation of the first three years reveals that steps undertaken during the strategic planning phase to actively
reach out to residents with low income and to channel participation using groups increases citizen participation in
governance during implementation but it is not associated with increases in community-based partnerships. To
adapt new approaches to rural development and to partnerships between and across sectors, scholars and
practitioners need to build trust between individuals and between segments of the community and levels of
government.
David Bell & Kathy Evert,Effective Strategies for the Future of Rural
Communities, 15(1) Econ. Dev. Rev. 59 (1997).Abstract (from EBSCO):Discusses the economic and community development strategies particularly useful in
smaller rural communities. Common trend existing in successful communities; Strategic planning for public
education and job training, technology, revolving loan funds and health care.
Christopher R. Bryant,Entrepreneurs in the Rural Environment, 5(4) J.
Rural Stud. 337-348 (1989).
Abstract (from author): Change in rural activities is frequently seen as: (1) reaction to changes in other areas
and sectors, and (2) negative. This downplays the role and importance of entrepreneurs, both farm and non-farm,
in sustaining the vitality of rural areas. The notion of entrepreneur can be extended to entrepreneurial activity by
other people, e.g. local government activity, which is an integral part of rural community economic development.
Both the entrepreneur and the quasi-entrepreneur in local government are critical leaders in urban fringes and
other rural areas alike. Their activity in an area is partly dependent upon the broader political, social and
economic environment which influences: (1) the need to change and (2) whether any benefit can be derived from
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entrepreneurial activity. A framework is presented in this paper to place entrepreneurs and entrepreneurial
activity into the context first, of decision-taking generally in the rural environment, and second, of the broader
enabling environment. It is argued that constraints originating in this broader environment are often necessary,
but they may have unforeseen side-effects in discouraging innovation. Changes in such constraints or in the
manner in which they are implemented may be a necessary ingredient to maintain rural vitality through
Linda Fettig,Bootstrap Rural Development: How Putnam County (MO)
Took Control of Its Own Future, 9(3) Econ. Dev. Rev. 50 (1991).
Abstract (from EBSCO):Reports on the efforts of Putnam County Foundation in Putnam County, Missouri to
develop their community. Background on Putnam County; Information on the Foundation; Use of volunteers.
Jan L. Flora,Social Capital and Communities of Place, 63 Rural Soc.
481-506 (1998).Abstract (from author) This paper develops a framework for examining the questions: Does social capital
make a difference for well being in communities of place? How might rural sociologists utilize social capital to
further well being in communities? The author reviews social capital literature, contrasting rational choice and
embeddedness perspectives. Opting for a marriage between embeddedness and conflict theory, he introduces
entrepreneurial social infrastructure (ESI) as an alternative to social capital. ESI adds to social capital the notions
of equality, inclusion, and agency. Research results are presented which support the embeddedness approach:
community-level action (the community field) is not simply an aggregation of individual or organizational actions
within the community; social capital and ESI contribute jointly and independently to community action.
Examining economic development as a form of collective action, the author concludes the following: a) ESI
contributes to economic development, and b) inclusiveness (internal solidarity) is more closely related to
community self-development while industrial recruitment is better predicted by strong external ties.
Jan L. Flora, Jeff S. Sharp, Bonnie L. Newlon & Cornelia Butler
Flora,Entrepreneurial Social Infrastructure and Locally Initiated
Economic Development in the Nonmetropolitan United States, 38 Soc.Q. 623 (1997).
Jorunn Grande et al., The Relationship Between Resources,
Entrepreneurial Orientation and Performance in Farm-Based
Ventures, 23 Entrepren. & Regional Dev. 89 (2011).
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Abstract (from author): The purpose of this paper is to investigate how firm-specific resources and
entrepreneurial orientation (EO) of the firm may influence performance in small farm-based ventures. It builds
upon theoretical strands from the resource-based and entrepreneurship perspectives. Research within these fields
indicates that these relationships might be dependent on the context within which the firm operates. Hypotheses are
developed to test the possible effect of entrepreneurial efforts and resources (financial position, farm size, location,
network and unique competence) on short- and long-term performance. Data gathered in 2003 and 2006 from
farms engaged in innovative ventures were used to test the hypotheses. The results show that financial capacity,
unique competence and entrepreneurial efforts influence performance in the investigated firms. This suggests that
firms do get paid back in the long run for engaging in entrepreneurial efforts. Thus, entrepreneurial activities and
attitudes represent an important factor enabling firms to create, reconsider and apply their resources in more
efficient ways.
Gary Paul Green,Is Small Beautiful? Small Business Development in
Rural Areas, 25(2) J. Cmty. Dev. Socy 155-171 (1994).
Seyed Jamal F. Hosseini & Gerard McElwee,Improving the
Entrepreneurial Potential of Rural Women Entrepreneurs in Northern
Iran, 12 Intl J. Entrepren. & Small Bus. 1 (2010).
Abstract (from author):Rural women in the Northern Iran were surveyed in order to explore their perception
about the factors that influence them in the entrepreneurial activities. The methodology used in this study involved
a combination of descriptive and quantitative research. The total population was 247 rural women entrepreneurs
in the Provinces of Gilan, Mazandaran and Golestan. Based on the results of the study, 67% of variance in
perceptions of rural women about the factors influencing them in developing their entrepreneurial activities can be
explained by education, motivation, economic and psychological/cognitive factors. The results also show that there
is need for more training and education of rural women in improving their entrepreneurial activities.
Edward J. Malecki,New Firm Startups: Key to Rural Growth, 3 Rural
Dev. Prac. 18-23 (1988).Lynn Ryan MacKenzie,Fostering Entrepreneurship as a Rural
Economic Development Strategy, 10(4) Econ. Dev. Rev. 38 (1992).
Abstract (from EBSCO):Focuses on the fostering of entrepreneurship as a rural economic development
strategy. Examination of rural economies in the context of current shifts in the world economy and modes of
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production; Elements of successful economic reorganization; Interventions to stimulate and support
entrepreneurial activity.
Deborah M. Markley,Rural Banks and Their Communities: A Matter of
Survival, 10(4) Govt Fin. Rev. 53 (August 1, 1994).Abstract (from the publisher): There are many developments that rural community banks need to address.
These include the changing financial environments, internationalization of the US economy, industrial
restructuring within the US, growing emphasis on agglomeration economies and changes in the financial services
industry. To cope with these changes, rural community banks should more actively participate in the development
of the economy in their territories.
Deborah M. Markley & Kevin T. McNamara,Sustaining Rural Economic
Opportunity, 77(5) Am. J. Agric. Econ. 1259 (1995).Abstract (from EBSCO):Focuses on sustaining rural economic opportunity. Industrial recruitment; Incubators;
Industrial extension; Evaluation of business development policies.
Leigh J. Maynard, Timothy W. Kelsey, Robert J. Thee & Panajiotis
Fousekis,Rural Migration: What Attracts New Residents to Non-
metropolitan Areas, 28(2) J. Cmty. Dev. Socy 131-139 (1997).
Abstract:This study uses the experience of three non-metropolitan counties in Pennsylvania to explore which
community characteristics have the greatest influence on people's decisions to move to rural areas. Personal
characteristics affected how in-migrants evaluated prospective rural residential locations. Higher income in-
migrants placed a high priority on job opportunities, housing quality, a short commute to work, quality of schools,
and low local taxes. Lower income in-migrants were more likely to value a location near family and friends. Ability
to own a home, housing costs, and local taxes were also important.
Madhusudana N. Rao,Entrepreneurship and Rural Development: Role
of Street-Level Bureaucracy in India, 6 Intl J. Bus. & Globalisation 1
(2010).Abstract (from author):In this study, the authors apply the concept of street-level bureaucracy from public
management to analyze the issues relating to the implementation of a mini Hydel project in India, and draw
important lessons for entrepreneurs as well as policy planners for the promotion of rural development through
entrepreneurship in emerging markets in general. India's energy policy promotes 'green energy' as a renewable
and eco-friendly alternative to the fast depleting conventional energy sources with a variety of fiscal and other
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incentives to encourage private investment in mini Hydel projects (India's 11th five-year plan, 2002-2007: energy
sector). In this paper, based on first-hand observation of one such power sector start-up in India over a three-year
period, we carefully analyze the issues confronting entrepreneurs in dealing with street-level bureaucracy, and
draw important lessons for entrepreneurs as well as policy planners for the promotion of entrepreneurship and
rural development.
George S. Spais,Building Adult Educational Programs in
Entrepreneurship Based on Mezirow: The Case of Agricultural
Entrepreneurship, in Global Perspectives on Educational Leadership
Reform: The Development and Preparation of Leaders of Learning and
Learners of Leadership (A. Normore, ed., 2010), available
athttp://ssrn.com/abstract=1727748.Abstract (from author): This chapter reports on a study of the benefits of the Integrated Education in
Agricultural Entrepreneurship (IEAE) based on Mezirows critical reflection. The research intention is to
categorize the constructs of the following fundamental concepts: a. farmers entrepreneurship skill, b. approach
of integrated entrepreneurship education and c. life-learning process in agricultural entrepreneurship education.
IEAE substantially covers the transfer of knowledge, skills, and attitudes that will allow in each farmer/learner to
plan, to launch, and to manage his/her own business and it should be approached from leadership perspective and
as a life-long learning process. Entrepreneurship constitutes an important factor that determines the level of
economic growth, competitiveness, employment, and social prosperity of a small country such as Greece
(Spanoudaki, 2008). For purposes of this chapter agricultural entrepreneurship is defined as an effort developed
individually or collectively for the exploitation of resources that the individual or the team allocates for the
production of useful agricultural products, services, or goods connected with the production of agricultural
products and their distribution in the market, satisfying market needs. According to the Global Entrepreneurship
Monitor (Bosma & Levie, 2010), entrepreneurship is conceptualized as each effort for building a new business or a
new activity, such as the free profession, where the creation of a new business, or the extension of an existing one, is
done by an individual or by teams of individuals, from public institutions or from established private businesses.
Through the application of Mezirows critical reflection in agricultural entrepreneurship education, education
leaders, policy-makers, researchers, and extensionists can create a learning environment to motivate agricultural
entrepreneurs to evaluate their experiences and provide them the opportunity to review their beliefs, opinions, and
values.
http://ssrn.com/abstract=1727748http://ssrn.com/abstract=1727748 -
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Joanna M. Wagner,Improving Native American Access to Federal
Funding for Economic Development Through Partnerships with Rural
Communities, 32 Am. Indian L. Rev. 525 (2008).
Abstract: This article explores the common interests of Indian reservations and small rural communities,
especially geographic isolation, lack of financial and human capital, resource dependency, and lack of political
power. The article also provides background information on federal rural development programming, and
summarizes the economic development programming available to Indian communities. After discussing the
relative accessibility and utilization of federal programs, the article suggests that non-Indian rural communities
and Indian communities should work together on local and regional economic development efforts in order to fully
take advantage of rural development federal funding available. The article concludes with an Appendix detailing
Native American eligibility for every federal program currently available for economic development, and reports
the few statistics regarding their utilization that are currently available.
Kenneth P. Wilkinson,In Search of Community in the Changing
Countryside, 51 Rural Soc. 1-17 (1986).
Abstract (from author): The conventional sociological concept of community has special and continuing
significance in rural sociology. The ideas of local ecology, local society, and local solidarity describe a form of social
organization-the community-that can influence social well-being now as in the past in rural or urban localities.
Small towns and rural areas have advantages for community development by virtue of their rurality, but rurality
also contributes to problems of dependency and can limit access to re- sources needed to meet local needs. An
effective strategy of rural community development must attack these problems without destroying the potential for
community development associated with rurality. Rural sociology, because of its commitment to the use of scientific
methods in the service of rural well-being, should be in the forefront of efforts to understand the process of
community development.
Mike D. Woods & Tom Seth Smith,Rural Enterprises Incorporated of
Oklahoma: A Case Study, 15(3) Econ. Dev. Rev. 52 (1997).Abstract (from EBSCO):Presents information on a study which provided a brief history of Rural Enterprises
Incorporated (REI), a private nonprofit corporation focusing on job creation. Information on REI business-
oriented programs; Overview on REI structure; Lessons learned from REI.
Online Resources
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William Amt,Facilitating Entrepreneurial Success, Econ. Dev. Dig.(July
2002).
http://www.nado.org/pubs/july024.html
Brian Dabson,Fostering Entrepreneurship Development systems inRural America: First Review of the Results of the Request for
Proposals, Will Keith Kellogg Found. (January 2005).
www.energizingentrepreneurs.org/content/cr_5/2_000242.pdf
Stephan J. Goetz,Strategic Directions in Community and Economic
Development Extension and Research in the Northeast: Building a
Stronger Network in a Critical Time (2007).
http://nercrd.psu.edu/Publications/rdppapers/rdp32.pdfRobert C. Lloyd & Kenneth P. Wilkinson, Community Factors in Rural
Manufacturing Development, 50 Rural Soc. 27-37 (1985).
www.ag.auburn.edu/auxiliary/srsa/pages/Articles/SRS
%201985%203%2085-94.pdf
Deborah Markley, David L. Barkley & R. David Lamie, Case Studies of E-
Commerce Activity in Rural and Small Town Business (May 2008).
http://www.ruraleship.org/content/cr_2/2_000285.pdfDeborah Markley & Nancy Stark,Entrepreneurship and the Triple
Bottom LineEntrepreneurship Development in Rural America: Insights
into Triple Bottom Line and Wealth Creation Impacts of
Entrepreneurship Strategies, A White Paper, RUPRI Center for Rural
Entrepreneurship & CFED (February 2009).
http://www.ruraleship.org/content/cr_11/2_000292.pdf
Kevin T. McNamara, Warren Kriesel & Daniel V. Rainey,ManufacturingRecruitment as a Rural Development Strategy, in Rural Dev. Strategies,
119-136 (D. W. Sears and J. N. Reid eds., 1995).
www.ces.purdue.edu/extmedia/EC/EC-659.html
Bjornar Reitan, Where Do We Learn that Entrepreneurship is Feasible,
Desirable and/or Profitable?: A Look at the Processes Leading to
http://www.nado.org/pubs/july024.htmlhttp://www.energizingentrepreneurs.org/content/cr_5/2_000242.pdfhttp://nercrd.psu.edu/Publications/rdppapers/rdp32.pdfhttp://www.ag.auburn.edu/auxiliary/srsa/pages/Articles/SRS%201985%203%2085-94.pdfhttp://www.ag.auburn.edu/auxiliary/srsa/pages/Articles/SRS%201985%203%2085-94.pdfhttp://www.ruraleship.org/content/cr_2/2_000285.pdfhttp://www.ruraleship.org/content/cr_11/2_000292.pdfhttp://www.ces.purdue.edu/extmedia/EC/EC-659.htmlhttp://www.nado.org/pubs/july024.htmlhttp://www.energizingentrepreneurs.org/content/cr_5/2_000242.pdfhttp://nercrd.psu.edu/Publications/rdppapers/rdp32.pdfhttp://www.ag.auburn.edu/auxiliary/srsa/pages/Articles/SRS%201985%203%2085-94.pdfhttp://www.ag.auburn.edu/auxiliary/srsa/pages/Articles/SRS%201985%203%2085-94.pdfhttp://www.ruraleship.org/content/cr_2/2_000285.pdfhttp://www.ruraleship.org/content/cr_11/2_000292.pdfhttp://www.ces.purdue.edu/extmedia/EC/EC-659.html -
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Entrepreneurial Potential.
http://usasbe.org/knowledge/proceedings/proceedingsDocs/USASBE19
97proceedings-P009Reitan.PDF
Abstract: Examinations of new venture creation in a prospective fashion are rather new. In this paper, the
processes leading to entrepreneurial potential are investigated. The key argument is that behavioral potential,
which is at the cognitive level, is influenced by the individuals perceptions or key attitudes toward venturing. Four
key attitudes are of particular importance in this process: perceived feasibility, perceived desirability, perceived
social norms, and perceived profitability. Personal, sociological and environmental variables are linked to decision
making through these perceptions. In the empirical part of the paper, it is tested to what extent direct and indirect
experiences, role modeling and education influence these perceptions or key attitudes toward venturing. The
results indicate that different kinds of learning influence the key attitudes differently, and that it is easier to learn
that entrepreneurship is feasible than to learn that it is desirable or profitable. Implications for future research are
discussed.
Thomas D. Rowley,Entrepreneurship Means Adaptation, Ctr. for Rural
Entrepreneurship (August 13, 2004).
www.matr.net/print-12097.html
RUPRI Center for Rural Entrepreneurship, Center Publications
http://www.energizingentrepreneurs.org/site/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=19&Itemid=36
RUPRI Center for Rural Entrepreneurship,Entrepreneurship Research
& Policy Resources
http://www.energizingentrepreneurs.org/site/index.php?
option=com_content&view=article&id=28&Itemid=36
Starting A Farm: A Planning Guide for What You Need to
Know,http://www.beginningfarmers.org/planning-a-new-farm/ (lastvisited June 3, 2011).
Will Keith Kellogg Foundation,Mapping Rural Entrepreneurship,
Corp. for Enter. Dev. (2003).
http://www.nmccap.org/files/Kellogg_mappingruraleship.pdf
Other Materials
http://usasbe.org/knowledge/proceedings/proceedingsDocs/USASBE1997proceedings-P009Reitan.PDFhttp://usasbe.org/knowledge/proceedings/proceedingsDocs/USASBE1997proceedings-P009Reitan.PDFhttp://www.matr.net/print-12097.htmlhttp://www.energizingentrepreneurs.org/site/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=19&Itemid=36http://www.energizingentrepreneurs.org/site/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=19&Itemid=36http://www.energizingentrepreneurs.org/site/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=28&Itemid=36http://www.energizingentrepreneurs.org/site/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=28&Itemid=36http://www.beginningfarmers.org/planning-a-new-farm/http://www.nmccap.org/files/Kellogg_mappingruraleship.pdfhttp://usasbe.org/knowledge/proceedings/proceedingsDocs/USASBE1997proceedings-P009Reitan.PDFhttp://usasbe.org/knowledge/proceedings/proceedingsDocs/USASBE1997proceedings-P009Reitan.PDFhttp://www.matr.net/print-12097.htmlhttp://www.energizingentrepreneurs.org/site/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=19&Itemid=36http://www.energizingentrepreneurs.org/site/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=19&Itemid=36http://www.energizingentrepreneurs.org/site/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=28&Itemid=36http://www.energizingentrepreneurs.org/site/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=28&Itemid=36http://www.beginningfarmers.org/planning-a-new-farm/http://www.nmccap.org/files/Kellogg_mappingruraleship.pdf -
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Janet S. Ayres, F. Larry Leistritz & Kenneth E. Stone,Revitalizing the
Retail Trade Sector in Rural Communities: Lessons from Three
Midwestern States, N. Cent. Regl Ctr. for Rural Dev., Iowa St. U. (1992)
(Technical Paper).Peter F. Korsching & John C. Allen,Local Entrepreneurship: A
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