Rural Development Programme In Rural areas in the 12th Five Year Presented by- Chethan Kumar P. FEX.MA-06

OUTLINE

1.• Rural India and Rural Development?

2.• Twelfth Five Year Plan (2012-2017

3.• Rural Development programme In

Twelfth five year plan

Rural area• Population less than 5000• Population density less than 400 per sq. km• More than 25% male working population in

agriculture pursuits

Ministry of rural

development

Dept. of rural development

Dept. of land Resource

National Institute of Rural Development (NIRD)

Question yourselves!

• WHY RURAL AREAS LAG BEHIND CITIES BY DECADES?

• WHY RURAL AREAS LAG BEHIND CITIES IN GROWTH ?

• WHY LACK OF OPPORTUNITY IN RURAL AREA ?

• WHY RISING DISCONNECT BETWEEN CITIES AND VILLAGES ?

• WHY RURAL PEOPLE MIGRATE TO URBAN AREAS?

Rural development“Rural development is a process of qualitative and quantitative changes to improve conditions in rural regions”

To generate

Employment Farm & storage Economical activities

To improveHealth Education Living condition

To buildInfrastructure Public Service Communication

Sustainable Rural

Development

Creation of Employment- MGNREGA

- NRLM

Sustainable Agriculture &

Rural Connectivity-IWMP including

synergy with MGNREGA

- MKSP- PMGSY

Social Protection Program- NSAP

Housing, with Basic amenities

through convergence - IAY

- TSC - NRDWP

Twelfth Five year Plan

2012-2017 Faster, More Inclusive and Sustainable

Growth

Average GDP Growth of 8 percent

Agriculture Growth of 4 percent

Reducing head-count poverty by 10

percentage point

Generating 50 million work

opportunities

Eliminating gender and social gap in education

Reducing IMR to 25, MMR to 100 and TFR

to 2.1

Enhance infrastructure investment to 9% of

GDP

What's new in Rural development programme

Centrally sponsored rural development schemed to be restructured and cut down

Independent Evaluation Office under the Planning Commission to evaluate development

programmes and recommend reforms in programmes

Rajiv Gandhi Panchayat Sashaktikaran Abhiyan to be formed by merging small schemes

of the Ministry of Panchayati Raj to empower local bodies

Rural Building Centres at the district level as a single window solution for guidance on quality

construction, supply of alternative materials, skill building of artisans and development and dissemination of innovative and location-

appropriate technologies

Rural Development Flexi-fund (RDF) of Rs. 40,000 crores to be set up with the intent to devolve a

significant share of Central funds related to rural development to the states

12th Five Year Plan (2012-17)

The tentative Gross Budgetary Support (GBS) for the Ministry of Rural Development for the Twelfth Five Year Plan(201217)is Rs. 44,3261 crore (against the Rs. 29,1682 crores of Eleventh Plan period) which includes the majorprograms.

Major sectors 11th Plan(in Rs crores)

12th Plan(in Rs crores)

Increase over 11th Plan (in %)

Realisation % share Projection % share

Agriculture and water resources

1,16,554 7.3 2,84,030 7.96 143.69

Rural Development and Panchayatiraj

3,97,524 25.01 6,73,034 18.86 69.31

Scientific departments

58,690 3.69 1,42,167 3.98 142.23

Transport and energy

2,04,076 12.84 4,48,736 12.57 119.89

Education 1,77,538 11.17 4,53,728 12.71 155.57

Health and child development

1,12,646 7.09 4,08,521 11.45 262.66

Urban Development

63,465 3.99 1,64,078 4.60 158.53

Others 4,58,849 28.87 9,94,333 27.86 116.70

Total Plan allocation

15,89,342 100.00 35,68,626 100.00 124.53

Focus areas1. Employment

creation

2. Planned spending on Agriculture

3. Housing for Poor

4. Social security and Pension

5. Rural road connectivity:

6. Provision of credit at

reasonable rates

7. Public distribution

system

MGNREGA, NFRLM, IAY , NRDWP , TSP,

IWDP, PMGSY, RGGVY

• seven major flagship programmes

Also India launched the other programmes for

uplift of the poor classes

• village self-sufficiency scheme, • Member of Legislative Assembly Constituency Development

Scheme, • Integrated Sanitary Complex for Women, • Clean Village Campaign and Rural Sanitation, • Capital programme of Infrastructure Development by rural local

Bodies,• Construction of village Administrative Officers Office Buildings,• Rejuvenation of water Bodies and Rain Water Harvesting in Rural

Areas etc.

'National Rural Employment Guarantee Act'2005 (NREGA)

• Act guarantees 100 days of employment in a financial year to every household social safety net for the vulnerable groups and an opportunity to combine growth with equity Structured towards harnessing the rural work-force, employment for the area for future growth employment and self-sufficiency Operationalized from 2nd February, 2006 in 200 selected districts, extended to 130 more districts in 2007-08.

Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana(PMGSY)

• Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) was launched on 25th December 2000 as a fully funded Centrally Sponsored Scheme to provide all weather road connectivity in rural areas of the country. The programme envisages connecting all habitations with a population of 500 persons and above in the plain areas and 250 persons and above in hill States, the tribal and the desert areas.

• The primary objective of the PMGSY is to provide Connectivity, by way of an All-weather Road (with necessary culverts and cross-drainage structures, which is operable throughout the year), to the eligible unconnected Habitations in the rural areas, in such a way that all Unconnected Habitations with a population of 1000 persons and above are covered in three years (2000-2003) and all Unconnected Habitations with a population of 500 persons and above by the end of the Tenth Plan Period (2007). In respect of the Hill States (North-East, Sikkim, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Uttaranchal) and the Desert Areas (as identified in the Desert Development Programme) as well as the Tribal (Schedule V) areas, the objective would be to connect Habitations with a population of 250 persons and above.

• The PMGSY will permit the Upgradation (to prescribed standards) of the existing roads in those Districts where all the eligible Habitations of the designated population size (refer Para 2.1 above) have been provided all-weather road connectivity. However, it must be noted that Upgradation is not central to the Programme and cannot exceed 20% of the State’s allocation as long as eligible Unconnected Habitations in the State still exist. In Upgradation works, priority should be given to Through Routes of the Rural Core Network, which carry more traffic (see Para 3.7 below)

Indira Awas Yojana (IAY)• Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) : Indira Awaas Yojana (IAY) is a flagship scheme of the

Ministry of Rural Development to provide houses to the poor in the rural areas.

• Objective The objective of the Indira Awaas Yojana is primarily to help construction/upgradation of dwelling units of members of Scheduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes, freed bonded labourers, minorities in the below poverty line category1 and other below poverty line non-SC/ST rural households by providing them a lump sum financial assistance. • Funding Pattern : PM Indira Awaas Yojana is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme funded on cost-sharing basis between the Government of India and the State Governments in the ratio of 75:25. However, in the case of North-Eastern States and Sikkim, funding will be shared between the Government of India and these States in the ratio of 90:10 respectively2 . In the case of Union Territories, the entire funds under this Scheme are provided by the Government of India.

• Target Group: The target groups for houses under the IAY are below poverty line households living in the rural areas, belonging to ScheduledCastes/Scheduled tribes, freed bonded labourers, minorities in the BPL category and non-SC/ST BPL rural households, widows and next-of-kin to defence personnel/paramilitary forces killed in action residing in rural areas (irrespective of their income criteria), ex-servicemen and retiredmembers of paramilitary forces fulfilling the other conditions

Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP)

• Development of rain fed /degraded areas through participatory watershed approach is the focal area of the Government. Planning Commission and National Rainfed Area Authority (NRAA) framed Common Guidelines, 2008 for watershed programmes for all Ministries/Departments based on the Parthasarathy Committee Report, other Committee’s observations and past experiences.

• The provisions in the Common Guidelines and the observations of the Parthasarthy Committee have necessitated modifications in the watershed schemes of the Department of Land Resources. Accordingly, Drought Prone Areas Programme (DPAP), Desert Development Programme (DDP) and Integrated Wastelands Development Programme (IWDP) of the Department of Land Resources have been integrated and consolidated into a single modified programme called Integrated Watershed Management Programme (IWMP). This consolidation is for optimum use of resources, sustainable outcomes and integrated planning. The scheme has been approved by the Government on 26.2.2009

Major activities of the Watershed project: • Soil & moisture conservation measures like terracing, bunding, trenching, vegetative barriers etc. • Rain water harvesting activities like farm ponds, percolation tanks, check dams etc. • Planting & sowing of multi-purpose trees, shrubs, grasses, legumes and pasture land development • Encouraging natural regeneration • Promotion of agro-forestry and horticulture • Measures needed to disseminate technology • Training, extension and creation of a greater degree of awareness among the participants • Encouraging peoples’ participation • Livelihood activities for asset less people • Production system and micro-enterprise

Integrated watershed management programme-IWMP

National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM)

• National Rural Livelihood Mission (NRLM) was established in June 2010 by the Government of India,

• implemented in all States of the country to establish efficient and sustainable institutions of the rural poor that enable them to increase household income through livelihood enhancements and improved access to financial and selected public services tasks:

(a) mobilizing all rural, poor households into effective self help groups (SHGs) and SHG federations

(b) enhancing access to credit and other financial, technical, and marketing services

(c) building capacities and skills for gainful and sustainable livelihoods(d) improving the delivery of

Under NRLM, Government of India is availing a credit from the International Development Association (IDA) for implementing the National Rural Livelihood Project (NRLP) to broadly support the followingcomponents: (i) Institution and human capacity development at the National, State, District and Sub Districtlevel such that support institutional structures are created (ii) State Livelihood Support towardsestablishment of institutional platforms of the rural poor for improved access to financial, livelihood andpublic services

(iii) Innovation and Partnership to identify and partner innovative ideas which address thelivelihood needs of the rural poor and help pilot or scale them

(iv) Project management and monitoringand learning systems.

Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC) (

• Rural sanitation came into focus in the Government of India in the World Water Decade of 1980s.

• The Central Rural Sanitation Programme was started in 1986 to provide sanitation facilities in rural areas.

• It was a supply driven, high subsidy and infrastructure oriented programme. As a result of these deficiencies and low financial allocations, the CRSP had little impact on the gargantuan problem.

• The experience of community-driven, awareness-generating campaign based programmes in some states and the results of evaluation of CRSP, led to the formulation of the Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC) approach in 1999.

The main objectives of the TSC are as under

• Bring about an improvement in the general quality of life in the rural areas.

• Accelerate sanitation coverage in rural areas.

• Generate felt demand for sanitation facilities through awareness creationand health education.

• Cover schools/ Anganwadis in rural areas with sanitation facilities andpromote hygiene education and sanitary habits among students.

• Encourage cost effective and appropriate technologies in sanitation.

• Eliminate open defecation to minimize risk of contamination of drinkingwater sources and food.

• Convert dry latrines to pour flush latrines, and eliminate manualscavenging practice, wherever in existence in rural areas.

Rural Electrification Corporation Limited

Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojana (RGGVY)

Aims at…Electrifying all villages and habitations.Providing access to electricity to all rural households.Giving Electricity Connection to Below Poverty Line (BPL)

families free of charge.

Main Features All ongoing schemes merged in “Rajiv Gandhi Grameen

Vidyutikaran Yojana” (RGGVY)90% grant and 10% loanElectrification as per new definitionFranchisee arrangement for revenue sustainability

Rural Electrification Corporation Limited

Through creation of :Rural Electricity Distribution Backbone (REDB) with 33/11 KV (or 66/11 KV) sub-station of adequate capacity in blocks where these do not exist.

Village Electrification Infrastructure (VEI) with provision of distribution transformer of appropriate capacity in villages/habitations.

Decentralised Distributed Generation (DDG) Systems based on conventional & non conventional energy sources where grid supply is not feasible or cost-effective.

Rajiv Gandhi Grameen Vidyutikaran Yojana (RGGVY)

National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP) • Provision of safe drinking water is a basic necessity. Rural drinking water supply is a

State subject and has been included in the Eleventh Schedule of the Constitution of India, among the subjects that may be entrusted to Panchayats by the States.

• To accelerate the pace of coverage of problem villages with respect to provision of

drinking water, the Government of India introduced the Accelerated Rural Water Supply Programme (ARWSP) in 1972–73, to support States and UTs with financial and technical assistance in implementing drinking water supply schemes in such villages.

• In order to address the major issues like sustainability, water availability and supply, poor water quality, etc., the Rural Drinking Water Supply Guidelines have been revised 1.4.2009.

• The revised program known as National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP)

• Components of the NRDWP To meet the emerging challenges in the rural drinking water sector relating to availability, sustainability and quality, the components under the programme are NRDWP (Coverage), NRDWP (Sustainability), NRDWP (Water quality), NRDWP (DDP areas), NRDWP (Natural calamity) and NRDWP (Support). In accordance with the policy of Government of India, the Department of Drinking Water Supply has earmarked 10% of the total Central outlay for the programme for the NE States.

Conclusion

The Rural Development is an

on-going or continuous process.

Rural Development Department is

primarily responsible for

planning, implementation and

monitoring of various Centrally

Sponsored Schemes designed by the

Government of India for rural poverty

alleviation.

The creation of self-employment

opportunities for the people of below

poverty line with improving the

overall quality of life in the rural areas

and empowerment of women in socio-

economic and politics are

important issues of the five year plan in

India.

To improve the rural areas it is

necessary popular

participation in policy making.

The rural development

would be “time-bound oriented,

participatory orientated,

decentralised oriented, collective oriented,

improvement oriented, equity

oriented, institutional

oriented.