RTMon IEA 04Jun09 - · PDF fileMonitoring well performance: ... to Supervisory Control and...

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Integrated real time monitoring workflows

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Guillemette Picard, Laurent Jammes, Schlumberger Carbon Services

Christophe Champagnon, Grenoble Technical Product Center,

IEA- 5th monitoring network– 4th June 2009

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Agenda

• Why Monitoring in Real-Time? – the Example of Underground Gas

Storage

• Real-Time Monitoring Workflows for CO2 Storage

Schlumberger Carbon Services

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• Conclusion

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Mature technology for Underground Gas Storage

Wells and reservoir are submitted to repeated injection and withdrawal of natural gas, that

are seasonal (France) or adjusted to the faster varying demand (California)

• Risk management and performance optimization are crucial, in terms of safety

and value of the storage.

• Automated integration of data at different time scale, that include reactive

measures at very short time scales.

•Stream of continuous data from different types of sensors is conditioned,


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•Stream of continuous data from different types of sensors is conditioned,

interpreted and stored in an automated and systematized way.

• Manual interpretation is also possible

• Well or surface sensors.

• Examples:

Short term workflows: reactive

Monitoring well performance: Continuous calculation of the mechanical skin factor, and

non darcy flow coefficient from BH &WH pressure and temperature, flow rate

Long term workflows: Optimization of the volume of the cushion gas

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Application to CO2 storage

• Motivations

– Extension of an existing technology (smart wells, …)

– Systematized conditioning, interpreting & storing the continuous stream of data

–Control of injection operations (surveillance and diagnostics)

– Related to site performance: capacity, injectivity, integrity

– For accounting and reporting


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– For accounting and reporting

– Ensure maximum safety of operations with fast-loop controls

• First steps in the data integration process

Integrated workflows with a turn around time between several minutes to one day

• No experience, therefore:

Caution on systematic integration, no excessive automation, care on “alarms”

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CO2 Storage Monitoring by objectives

AssuranceMonitoring

� Potable water quality

� Soils acidity/ Seawater purity

� Atmospheric concentration

� Ecosystems monitoring

Impact: HSE monitoringInjection operation control

�Wellhead pressure

� Bottomhole pressure, Temperature

� Injection rate & transport sensors

� Microseismicity

� Annulus pressure

� Corrosion

� Cement

� Soil gas measurements

Cap Rock / Fault Integrity Detection of leakage

VerificationMonitoring

OperationalMonitoring

Well Integrity


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CO2 displacement & fate

� Geophysics techniques

� Pressure, Temperature

�Well logs (CO2 Saturation)

� Sampling

� Geodetic methods

Quantification of leaks


�Surface gas measurements

�…

Quantification of injected CO2

� Mass flow

� Gas stream composition

and phase

� Microseismicity

� Pressure interference

� Sampling & chemical analysis

� Geophysics techniques

� Pressure interference


� Vegetation stress

� Eddy correlation tower

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Integrating the data at different time scales

Injection operation control

CO2 displacement & fate

Well Integrity

Cap Rock / Fault Integrity

Quantification of injected CO2


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minutes, hours yearsmonthsdays

Detection of leakage

Impact: HSE monitoring

Quantification of leaks

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Workflows for real time monitoring

• Optimization of the injection operations

• Integrity of the injection well & Integrity of the reservoir

• Counting the CO2 injected

• Health, Safety and environment monitoring

Combination of sensors (site specific): Manual Reactions

(not systematized at this stage)


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• Wellhead and bottomhole sensors

pressure, temperature, chemicals

microseismicity, …

• Surface sensors for the subsurfacenetwork of electric, microseismic, …

•Near surface and atmospheric gas

sensors

Output from other workflows

(not systematized at this stage)

• Modification of the injection rate

(increase, decrease or stop)

•Trigger ancillary modeling or simulating

•Intensify monitoring: frequency of

exisiting measurements, deployment of

other sensors

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Example: System Architecture

“REAL TIME”

Data Acquisition,


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Data Acquisition,

Mid Loop Tool Control,

Data Transfer,

Performance Monitoring

Tool Configuration,

Fast Loop Data Acquisition

& Tool Control,

Safety features

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sensor …sensor 4sensor 3sensor 2

“Sensor screen”

Mock up

sensor 1

Injection

well

integrity

Injection

Optim.

For each sensor:

-Display measurements

-Set alerts,…

- …

Each workflow fulfills a

monitoring objective by

combining appropriate

measurements

Alarm Messages

Event Messages


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Counting

CO2 stored.

HSE

monitoring

Reservoir

integrity

integrity

Real Time Data

Measurements

assembled by

topics

Real time and

historical trending

Computed Real

Time KPIs

System Overview

Real Time

Parameters

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Injection operations optimization


Mock up

sensor 1

Injection

Optim.

pressu

re

Flow

rate

Bottomhole P

Q

wellHead P

temperatu

re

wellHead T

Downhole T

Temp profile


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Q

temperatu

re

time

Downhole T

Pressu

re

temperature

Crossplot

Wellhead

Bottomhole

time

downhole pressure : 1223,3

Wellhead flowrate : 43214

…

Microseismicity ?

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Injection well integrity


Mock up

sensor 1

pressu

re

Flow

rate

Bottomhole P

Q

wellHead P

temperatu

re

wellHead T

Downhole T

DTS TInjection

well

integrity


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Q

timetime

downhole pressure : 1223,3

Annular pressure : XXXX

Wellhead flowrate : 4321

STD from DTS profile : XX

integrity

Annular

pressu

res

Annulus 1

Annulus 2

time

Microseismicity ?

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Reservoir Integrity


Mock up

sensor 1

pressu

re

Downhole P

Westbay P

Pressu

re 2-10

Crossplot

Westbay pressures


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time

Downhole P

10

Pressure 11-13

Mseismic event time density : 43214

…

Reservoir

integrity

time

Westbay T 8 to 13

temperatu

re

Microseismicity ?

Alerts from well integrity workflow

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Accounting CO2 stored


Mock up

sensor 1

time

Flow

rate

Q

Stream purity : 99%


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time

time

Cum

ulatire Q since t0

Stream purity : 99%

Cumulative insce t0 : XXXX

T0 = 1er December 2009 …

Counting

CO2 stored

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From Tools and Sensors…

Tools providing Process Data, Housekeeping Data and receiving

Configuration and Control Requests

PhaseMeter

Subsea Data Hub (SDH)


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Electric and Hydraulic Valves (FCV)

P/T Gauges (Electric

and Optic)

DTS / Temperature Array Sensor (or Flux)

FloWatchers (FWD)

Electrical Submersible Pump (ESP)

Hub (SDH)

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… to Remote Terminal Units (RTU)…

Proprietary Protocols

(FSK, Wellnet, …)

SLB Equipment like UniConn, ARConn,… or Industrial Programmable Logic Control (PLC) with

proper software providing:

Tool Configuration,Fast Loop Data Acquisition & Tool Control, Safety

features


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… to Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition Systems…

SLB Products providing on requests:

Data Acquisition, Mid Loop Tool Control, Alarms &

Events Management, Data Exchange/Transfer, Condition and

Performance Monitoring


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… to Remote Operation Support Centers (OSC)

Customer or SLB Products providing on requests:

Data Historian, Data Analysis for Surveillance & Optimization, Slow Loop Remote Tool Control,

Lan, Satelite, GPRS, etc…


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Conclusion

• Real time monitoring allows improving risk management and performance

optimization – it is the first step in data integration workflows

• Benefits have already been demonstrated in other industrial processes,

including Underground Gas Storage and Oil & Gas production

• The architecture of the overall system and the combination of sensors will be

site specific


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site specific

• Real time monitoring implies to indentify

– Fast turn-around time workflows with clear objectives

– The combination of parameters / measurements to allow a quick diagnostic of

“irregularities”

– Real-time display and appropriate data storage

• Further steps: systematization of some “slow workflow” and interactions

between fast and slow loops18

RTMon IEA 04Jun09 - · PDF fileMonitoring well performance: ... to Supervisory Control and...

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