RQVNK LI GN...2020/02/20 · LM YLXN L]+NT5R GN H GMXV H VD\[K J6$ EXGV F6\DOV NK9 HD V+NK +NNMK...
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Lons'kh if=dk &
Transcript of RQVNK LI GN...2020/02/20 · LM YLXN L]+NT5R GN H GMXV H VD\[K J6$ EXGV F6\DOV NK9 HD V+NK +NNMK...
![Page 1: RQVNK LI GN...2020/02/20 · LM YLXN L]+NT5R GN H GMXV H VD\[K J6$ EXGV F6\DOV NK9 HD V+NK +NNMK JVM4VM G VHNH\V QTIX N GV GE= IJ/ONVD H VDPWN[M JT J6D$ VGDLIX ND \N+N UNV GHN MJK](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022071412/6108139d0e2bbd02f5138a8f/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Lons'kh if=dk &
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Lons'kh if=dk &
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Lons'kh if=dk &
1 eq[; i`"B
2 f}rh; eq[; i"B
0 8 vkoj.k dFkk&2
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- vfuy frokjh1 0 vkoj.k dFkk&3
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- nqyhpUn dkyhjeu1 2 [k s r h c k j h
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- nsfoUnj 'kekZ1 5 vk f F k Zd h
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ MkW- Hkjr >qu>quokyk1 7 tUe' kr kCnh
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ jfoUnz egktu2 3 tUe' kr kCnh
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------MkW- js[kk HkV~V2 5 fo'y s" k. k
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- lw;Zizdk'k vxzoky2 8 ty izca/ku
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------MkW- fnus'k izlkn feJ3 0 igy
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- v:.k frokjh3 2 l aLd ` fr
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- js.kq iqjkf.kd
rrh; eq[; i`"BprqFkZ eq[; i"B
v uq Ø e
laiknd
lg&laiknd
i"B lTtk ,oa Vadu
dk;kZy;
ls izdkf'kr
nwjHkk"k % 011&26184595Lons'kh tkxj.k lfefr dh vksj ls bZ'ojnkl egktu }kjk dkWEihVsaV ckbUMlZ¼fiazfVax ;wfuV½] uohu 'kkgnjk] fnYyh&32ls eqfnzrA
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Lons'kh if=dk &
ikBdukekdgk&vudgk
IFSC : BKID Ramakrishnapuram
fnYyh esa rhljh ckj dstjhoky dh caij thr ds ckn vkt eq>spk.kD; }kjk dgs x;s os 'kCn ckj&ckj ;kn vk jgs gSa tks mUgksauspk.kD; uhfr esa gtkjksa lky igys dgs FksA mUgksaus dgk Fkk fd ftljkT; dh iztk yksHkh gksrh gS] ogka Bx gh 'kklu djrs gSA fnYyh dsvanj Hkh yxrk gS fd ,slk gh gqvk gSA fnYyh dh turk us ,d Bxdks fQj ls rkt iguk fn;k gSA ns'k ds reke Toyar eqn~nksa ds lkeusfctyh] ikuh dh eq¶r[kksjh Hkkjh iM+h gSA
jktuhfr dh vkilh yM+kbZ ds Hkaoj esa yxHkx ne rksM+ pqdhdkaxzsl bl pquko ls igys ls gh ckgj gks xbZ FkhA 'kwU; vkadM+s lspydj fQj 'kwU; ij gh igqaphA egkHkkjr lhfj;y esa le; dk ?kqerkgqvk ifg;k ;kn vk jgk gS ftlds cSdxzkmaM ls vokt vkrh Fkh fdeSa le; gwa] eSa fdlh ds cl esa ugha gwa] esjs xHkZ esa D;k fNik gS ;g fdlhdks ugha irk vkSj u eSa irk pyus nsrk gwaA gkaykfd Hkktik ds izns'kusr`Ro ij vke ernkrkvksa vkSj ikVhZ dk;ZdrkZvksa dk lansg igys ls Fkk]ysfdu prqj dstjhoky us turk dh uCt dks idM+k vkSj viuk gjeky Ýh djds vius oksV dh dekbZ dhA ;g lkQ gS fd fiNys ikaplky esa fnYyh esa dksbZ fodkl ugha gqvkA fodkl ds iSls dks tedjizpkj esa [kpZ fd;k x;kA cM+s&cM+s b'rgkj fn;s x;s vkSj yksxksa dslkeus liuk fcNk;k vkSj cspk x;kA cM+s&cM+s pSuyksa esa] v[kckjksa esavkSj egaxh gksfMZaxl yxkdj ;g ckr crkus esa os ekfgj fudys fdfctyh] ikuh] f'k{kk vkSj LokLF; ij cM+k rhj ekjk gSA cgjgkyyksdra= esa thr egRoiw.kZ gS] blfy, thr dh c/kkbZA ysfdu Ýh lkSnkckaVus okys ls vc ;g mEehn dh tkuh pkfg, fd liuk cspus dhtxg vxys ikap lkyksa esa ¶ykbZvksoj cusa] lM+d cusa] Ldwy vPNs gks]vLirky vPNs gks] tSlh fnYyh ds ukxfjdksa dh reke t:jrksa ij [kjkmrjasA
¼fnYyh½
¼jk"Vªifr] Hkkjr½
¼iz/kkuea=h] Hkkjr½
¼x`gea=h] Hkkjr½
¼jk"Vªh; lgla;kstd] Lons'kh tkxj.k eap½
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Lons'kh if=dk &
[ktkus dks larqfyr j[kus dh pqukSrh,d Qjojh 2020 dks foÙkea=h }kjk laln esa o"kZ 2020&21 dk ctV is'k fd;k x;kA gky gh esa] iwoZ foÙk lfpo
lqHkk"k xxZ us ,d Cy‚x fy[kk Fkk] ftlesa dgk x;k Fkk fd 2019&20 ds fy, okLrfod jktdks"kh; ?kkVk ldy ?kjsywmRikn ds 3-4 çfr'kr dh rqyuk esa 4-7 çfr'kr gksxk] tSlk fd ctV vuqekuksa esa fn;k x;k gSA gkyk¡fd ctV esa blvkadM+s dks 3-8 çfr'kr j[kk x;k gS] ysfdu vuqeku gS fd izkfIr;ka vuqekuksa ls de gks jgh gSaA çR;{k dj vkSj vçR;{kdj nksuksa esa Hkkjh deh ntZ dh xbZ gSA fiNys o"kZ 2018&19 esa Hkh ctV vuqekuksa dh rqyuk esa okLrfod jktLo çkfIr;ksaesa 1 yk[k 70 gtkj djksM+ #i;s dh deh FkhA ;g deh ctV vuqeku ds 11 çfr'kr ds cjkcj FkhA jktLo dh ,slhdeh fparktud gSaA ,sls esa vFkZO;oLFkk dks ctV ls cM+s iSekus ij çksRlkgu dh vko';drk Fkh] fdarq foÙkea=h }kjkdsoy vkaf'kd :i ls gh lq/kkj dk iz;kl fn[krk gSA
tc ujsaæ eksnh us nksckjk lÙkk laHkkyh] rks vkfFkZd uhfr;ksa esa Li"Vrk ykrs gq, igyk QSlyk fd;k fd jktdks"kh;mÙkjnkf;Ro ctVh; çca/ku ¼,Qvkjch,e½ vf/kfu;e ds vuqlkj jktdks"kh; ?kkVs dks lhfer j[kuk FkkA ;wih, ljdkjds vafre ctV ¼tks 2014&15 dk varfje ctV Fkk½ esa rRdkyhu foÙkea=h ih-fpnacje us jktdks"kh; ?kkVs dks thMhihds 4-1 çfr'kr ij çLrkfor fd;k Fkk vkSj o"kZ 2013&14 ds fy, jktdks"kh; ?kkVs dk ;g la'kksf/kr vuqeku Fkk] ftlsokLrfod ls Hkh de fn[kk;k x;k FkkA gkykafd] ml le; ds vkfFkZd fo'ys"kdksa us eglwl fd;k fd vuqekfurjktdks"kh; ?kkVk okLrfod ugha Fkk vkSj okLro esa ^Bxuk* Fkk] D;ksafd okLrfod ?kkVk blls dgha vf/kd FkkA ;g dk;ZvkadM+ksa dh gsjkQsjh ls fd;k x;k Fkk rFkk lkoZtfud {ks= ds miØeksa dks vfxze esa ykHkka'k nsus ds fy, etcwj fd;kx;k FkkA ,sls esa jktx ljdkj ds foÙkea=h v#.k tsVyh ds lkeus jktdks"kh; ?kkVs dks lhfer j[kus dh pqukSrh FkhAv#.k tsVyh us ml pqukSrh dks Lohdkj fd;k vkSj 2014&15 ds iw.kZ ctV ¼tks tqykbZ 2014 esa çLrqr fd;k x;k Fkk½esa ml o"kZ ds jktdks"kh; ?kkVs dks ldy ?kjsyw mRikn ds 4-1 çfr'kr ij j[kk] tks fd fpnacje ds varfje ctV dsvuq:i FkkA blds ckn] jktx ljdkj us o"kZ 2015&16] 2016&17] 2017&18 vkSj 2018&19 esa jktdks"kh; ?kkVs dksØe'k% thMhih dk 3-9] 3-5] 3-2 vkSj 3-3 çfr'kr ?kVk fn;kA ;gka ;g mYys[kuh; gS fd 2011&12 rd ;wih, ljdkj]fo'ks"k :i ls ;wih,&2 ds rgr] jktdks"kh; ?kkVk thMhih dk 5-7 çfr'kr rd igqap x;k FkkA bldk vlj ;g gqvkfd ;wih, ds 'kkludky esa egaxkbZ nj nksgjs vadksa ¼yxHkx 13 Qhlnh½ rd igqap xbZA ?kkVs ij vadq'k dk çHkko ;gFkk fd dhersa fu;a=.k esa vkus yxha vkSj ;g ns[kk x;k fd eksnh ;qx ds nkSjku eqækLQhfr esa fxjkoV tkjh jgh vkSjmiHkksäk eqækLQhfr 2018&19 rd 3-4 çfr'kr rd igqap xbZA ;g vFkZO;oLFkk ds fy, mRlkgtud ladsr FkkA
pwafd Mj ;g gS fd jktdks"kh; vuq'kklu xM+cM+k ldrk gS] blfy, ljdkj ds lkeus pqukSrh gksxh fd og jktdks"kdks larqyu esa j[ks vkSj jktdks"kh; ?kkVs dks lhfer j[ksA ;g Li"V gS fd eanh ds dkj.k çR;{k vkSj vçR;{k djksa dh çkfIr;kamEehn ls de gS vkSj lkFk gh] gky gh esa ?kksf"kr d‚iksZjsV dj dh nj esa deh ds dkj.k jktLo vkSj de gksus dh laHkkoukgSA nwljh vksj] th,lVh olwyh Hkh mEehnksa ls de gks jgh gS] ftlls dsaæ ljdkj dks nksgjk uqdlku gks jgk gSA dsaæ ljdkjdk viuk jktLo ?kV jgk gS] mls jkT;ksa dks mudh çkfIr;ksa esa deh ds fy, {kfriwfrZ Hkh djuh gksxhA
vkt ns'k esa d‚iksZjsV O;olk; c<+ jgk gS] ysfdu d‚iksZjsV VSDl dh çkfIr;ka ugha c<+ jgh gSaA bldk dkj.k ;ggS fd Vsd daifu;ka] bZ&d‚elZ daifu;ka vkSj cM+h fons'kh l‚Vos;j daifu;ka djksa dk Hkqxrku djus ls cprh gSaA ;gloZfofnr gS fd ns'k dk [kqnjk O;kikj yxkrkj cM+s fons'kh bZ&d‚elZ fnXxtksa ds gkFkksa esa tk jgk gSA blh rjg] cM+sd‚iksZjsV ,xzhxsVj ;k=k] VSDlh lsokvksa vkfn ds {ks= esa Hkh vk, gSaA
okLro esa] ;s daifu;ka Hkkjh NwV nsdj cktkj vkSj MsVk ij dCtk dj jgh gSaA [kqn dks gkfu esa j[kdj Hkh ;s cktkjij viuk izHkqRo dk;e djus esa yxh gSA buds cSysal 'khV esa Hkh Hkkjh gsjQsj ds ekeys nqfu;k ds dbZ fgLlksa esa mtkxjgq, gSaA ;s daifu;ka ykHk rks dek jgh gS ysfdu VSDl nsus esa vkukdkuh djrh gSA budk lkjk tksj VSDl cpkus dks ysdjjgrk gSA vkfFkZd fo'ks"kK yxkrkj lq>ko ns jgs gSa fd ,slh daifu;ksa ij muds O;olk; dh ek=k ds vk/kkj ij U;wureoSdfYid dj yxk;k tkuk pkfg,A gesa ;g le>uk gksxk fd ljdkjh [ktkuk yacs le; ls bldk [kkfe;ktk Hkqxr jgkgSA bl rjg dh fpark dsoy Hkkjr esa gh ugha] cfYd iwjs fo'o esa O;ä dh tk jgh gSA n v‚xZukbts'ku Q‚j bdksu‚feddks&v‚ijs'ku ,aM MsoyiesaV ¼vksbZlhMh½ ns'kksa esa bl laca/k esa ç;kl 'kq: gks x, gSa vkSj Ýkal us rks ekspkZ Hkh laHkky fy;kgSA Hkkjr dks Hkh bl ckjs esa xaHkhjrk ls lkspuk gksxk] rHkh ljdkjh [ktkus esa vkbZ deh dh HkjikbZ dh tk ldsxhA
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Lons'kh if=dk &
vkoj.k dFkk
Ñf"k vkSj esd bu bafM;k ijd ctV
fiNys dqN le; ls vFkZO;oLFkk esa /khesiu] thMhihds yxkrkj ?kVus ds Hk;kog vuqekuksa] csjkstxkjh]ljdkjh jktLo esa yxkrkj vkrh deh dh fLFkfr esa;g dgk tk jgk Fkk fd bl ckj dsUnzh; ctV dbZn'kdksa dk lcls dfBu ctV gksxkA ,sls esa fofHkUuoxks± esa fo'okl txkrs gq,] vFkZO;oLFkk esa Lianuykus dh ftEesnkjh foÙkea=h fueZyk lhrkje.k dsdaèkksa ij FkhA vius <+kbZ ?kaVs ls vf/kd yacs Hkk"k.k esafoÙkea=h us vFkZO;oLFkk ds yxHkx lHkh fgLlksa dksNqvkA fuos'kdksa dks fuos'k djus gsrq izksRlkgu dhdeh] ?kVrh ekax ds pyrs yksxksa ds gkFk esa T;knkvkenuh lqfuf'pr djuk] xkaoksa esa jkstxkj ds voljksadk l`tu] esd bu bafM;k ds rgr eSU;qQSDpfjax dks
leFkZu] laink lftr djus okyksa ¼oSYFk fØ,Vj½ esa fo'okl mRiUu djus tSlh pqukSfr;kaljdkj ds lkeus FkhA ftUgsa foÙkea=h us vius ctV esa 'kkfey fd;k gSA foi{k dk vkjksi;g gS fd lcds fy, dqN&dqN dgk x;k] ysfdu vFkZO;oLFkk dh okLrfod leL;kvksa;kfu ekax esa /khesiu] csjkstxkjh] xkao vkSj fdlku ds ladV] ?kVrh eSU;qQSDpfjax vkfnds ckjs esa dksbZ lekèkku ctV esa ugha gSA ,sls esa ctV dk fo'ys"k.k mlh lanHkZ esa djukgksxk] vkSj ns[kuk gksxk fd ctV esa of.kZr ljdkj dh uhfr;ksa dh fn'kk dSlh gS\
fiNys dqN le; ls ljdkj vius ok;ns dks nksgjkrh jgh gS fd 2022 rd fdlkuksadh vkenuh dks nksxquk djuk gSA bl ckcr iwoZ esa ^lkW;y gsYFk dkMZ*] Qly chek;kstuk] ykxr esa 50 izfr'kr tksM+dj leFkZu ewY;] Ms;jh vkSj eRL;u dks çksRlkgu]flapkbZ ;kstukvksa lesr dbZ mik;ksa ds ckjs esa ljdkj vkxs Hkh c<++hA dqN vPNs ifj.kkeHkh vk,] tSls nkyksa] fryguksa] Qy&lCth vkSj vukt ds mRiknu esa o`f) lesr dbZ vPNsifj.kke Hkh ns[kus dks feysA fdlkuksa dh vkenuh dks leFkZu nsus gsrq lh/ks [kkrs esa fdlkulEeku fuf/k dks Hkh ljkguk feyhA
bl ctV esa blh Øe esa 16 fcanqvksa dh ,d dk;Z;kstuk ctV esa crkbZ xbZ gSA dqy2-83 yk[k djksM #i, dk ctV —f"k lgk;d xfrfof/k;ksa] flapkbZ ,oa xzkeh.k fodklds fy, ctV 2020&21 esa j[kk x;k gSA
ty ladV;qDr 100 ftyksa esa o`gn flapkbZ ;kstuk ls bu ftyksa dks jkgr feyldrh gSA fdlkuksa ds ikl dbZ ckj catj] iFkjhyh Hkwfe vkSj csdkj NksM+h xbZ Hkwfe gksrhgS] tks budh vkenuh ds fy, lgk;d ugha gksrhA ,slh Hkwfe ij lkSj ÅtkZ la;= yxkusds fy, ljdkj enn nsxhA ftlls fdlku vfrfjä fctyh dks csp Hkh ldsaxsA ;g Hkhfdlkuksa dh vkenuh c<+kus okyk dne gksxkA
dksYM LVksjst lesr Ñf"k mRiknksa ds HkaMkj.k gsrq ctV esa fo'ks"k izko/kku fd, x,
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Lons'kh if=dk &
gSaA ctV esa ,d vksj T;knk HkaMkjxgcukus dh ;kstuk gS] vkSj lkFk ghlkFk HkaMkjx`gksa dks HkaMkjx`g fodkl,oa fu;ked izkf/kdj.k ds varxZr ykusdh ;kstuk cukbZ xbZ gSA bl izkfèkdj.kds varxZr vkus okys Hk aMkjx `gbySDVªkWfud jlhn tkjh djrs gSa]ftlds vk/kkj ij fdlku cSadksa ls_.k Hkh ys ldrs gSaA ctV esa ;g Hkhizko/kku j[kk x;k gS fd fdlku vcHkaMkjxg dh jlhn ds vk/kkj ij _.kizkIr dj ldrk gS] izkS|ksfxdh dkbLrseky dj fdlkuksa dks _.kxzLrrkls jkgr nsus okyk ;g cM+k dne ekuktk ldrk gSA
bu mik;ksa ds vfrfjDr nqX/kizlaLdj.k dh {kerk dks nqxquk dj108 fefy;u fefVªd Vu djuk] 20yk[k fdlkuksa dks fdlku lksyj okVjiEi yxkus ds fy, lfClMh nsuk vkSjjlk;fud [kknksa ds mi;ksx dks ?kVkusgsrq [kkn dh lfClMh Ldhe esa cnykodj fdlkuksa dks lh/ks lfClMh nsukcM+s dne gSaA bl ckj Ñf"k _.kksa dks15 yk[k djksM+ :i, rd c<+k fn;kx;k gS vkSj lkFk gh lkFk eRL;umRiknu dks 2022&23 rd 200 yk[kVu rd c<+kus dh egRodka{kh ;kstukcuh gSA igyh ckj Ñf"k mRiknksa dkscckZnh ls cpkus ds fy, jsyos us fdlkujsy* pykus dh Hkh ;kstuk cukbZ gSA
iwoZ dh ljdkjksa ds eqDr O;kikjfl)kar ls vHkhHkwr gksus ds dkj.kyxkrkj] ^vkfl;ku* eqDr O;kikjle>kSrk] tkiku vkSj nf{k.k dksfj;keqDr O;kikj le>kSrs lesr dbZ eqDrO;kikj le>kSrs fd, x,A ;gh ughavk;kr 'kqYdksa dks Hkh yxkrkj ?kVk;kx;k vkSj rdZ ;g fn;k x;k fd bllsgekjs m|ksx vf/kd izfrLi/khZ gkstk,axsA ysfdu bldk vlj ;g gqvkfd ns'k esa vk;krksa dh ck<+ vk xbZ
vkSj gekjk O;kikj ?kkVk fiNys 20lkyksa esa 30 xq.kk ls T;knk c<+ x;kAgky gh esa vkjlhbZih eqDr O;kikjle>kSrs ls ckgj vkdj ljdkj usviuh ea'kk Li"V dh fd vc eqDrO;kikj ugha] cfYd vius m|ksxksa dslaj{k.k dh uhfr viukbZ tk,xhA ctVesa eqDr O;kikj le>kSrksa esa :y vkWQvksfjftu ¼mRifÙk dk fu;e½ ykxw djphu ls vk;krksa ij vadq'k yxkus]QuhZpj] f[kykSuksa] esfMdy midj.kksalesr cM+h la[;k esa mRiknksa ij vk;kr'kqYd c<+kdj ns'k ds m|ksxksa dks laj{k.kiznku djrs gq, ?kjsyw mRiknu vkSjjkstxkj c<+kus dk dke fd;k x;k gSAfoÙkea=h us ctV esa dgk gS fd esdbu bafM;k esa dkQh izxfr vHkh rdgqbZ gSA ljdkj ds bu dneksa ls blesaxfr vk,xhA
ctV esa foÙkea=h us f'k{kk esa fons'khfuos'k dks vuqefr nsus dk izLrko j[kkgSA xkSjryc gS fd yacs le; ls fons'khfo'ofo|ky;ksa vkSj f'k{kk laLFkkuksa dksHkkjr esa ykus dh dok;n py jgh gSAysfdu mruh gh rsth ls mldk fojksèkHkh gks jgk gSA ctV esa f'k{kk esa fons'khfuos'k ykus ds vykok f'k{k.k laLFkkuksadks fons'kh _.k ysus dh Hkh vuqefrnh xbZ gSA dgk tk jgk gS fd blizko/kku ls vPNh izfrHkk okys f'k{kdksadks ykus vkSj f'k{kk bUÝkLVªDpj dksc<+kok nsus esa enn feysxhA
ysfdu ;g dksbZ Lokxr ;ksX;dne ugha gSA vkt tc ns'k esa ubZf'k{kk uhfr ykdj f'k{kk ds Lrj csgrjcukus dk iz;kl tkjh gS] fons'kh laLFkkvksadks Hkkjr esa vkus vkSj fons'kh f'k{kki)fr Hkkjr esa ykus dk Qk;nk ughauqdlku gks ldrk gSA bl ckr dhnwj&nwj rd dksbZ laHkkouk ugha gS fdukeh fo'ofo|ky; vkSj f'k{kk laLFkkuHkkjr esa vk tk;saxsA cfYd bldh iwjh
vk'kadk gS fd fons'kh f'k{kk dh nqdkusat:j [kqy ldrh gS] ftlls gekjkfo|kFkhZ fnXHkzfer gks ldrk gSA
;g rdZ fd fons'kh _.k ysuklLrk iM+rk gS vkSj blls f'k{kk gsrqbUÝkLVªDpj fodflr djuk lLrk vkSjvklku gks tk;sxk] cgqr iqjkuk gS] ysfdulgh ugha gSA okLro esa ;fn ns[kk tk;srks tc :i;s dk voewY;u gksrk gS rksmlesa fons'kh _.k dh vnk;xh dkcks> c<+ tkrk gS vkSj ,sls esa f'k{kklaLFkku ml cks> dks mBk ikus esal{ke ugha gksaxsA blls igys Hkh Hkkjrh;m|ksxksa }kjk O;olkf;d fons'kh _.kysus dk uqdlku mBk pqds gSaA
,slk yxrk gS fd fons'kh fuos'kds fy;s ljdkj dk eksg cjdjkj gSvkSj bl ctV esa Hkh iksVZQksfy;ksfuos'kdksa ds fy;s vkSj vf/kd fj;k;rsanh xbZ gSA blls fons'kh fuos'kdksa dkgekjs 'ks;j cktkjksa ij dCtk vkSj c<+sxkrFkk gekjk ns'k mu ij vkSj vf/kdfuHkZj gks tk;sxk] ftldk Qk;nk ;siksVZQksfy;ks fuos'kd mBk;saxsA
foÙkea=h us dgk gS fd o;SfDrddj nkrkvksa dks ,d fodYi fn;ktk,xk] ftlesa os de nj ij VSDlnsaxs] ysfdu 'krZ ;g gksxh fd mUgsacpr vkSj vU; izdkj dh NwVsa NksM+uhiM+saxhA xkSjryc gS fd vHkh rd Ms<+yk[k :i, rd dh fofHkUu izdkj dhcpr vkSj 50 gtkj :i, ds ubZ isa'kuLdhe esa cpr ij vk;dj esa NwV feyrhFkhA ysfdu ;fn djnkrk bl fodYidks Lohdkj dj cpr djuk can djnsrk gS rks LoHkkfod :i ls ns'k esacpr ?kVsxhA xkSjryc gS fd fiNysdqN le; ls ns'k esa cpr vkSj fuos'k?kVk gSA ljdkj ds bl dne ls ns'kes cpr laLÑfr ij nq"izHkko iM+sxk]tks lgh ugha gksxkA
vkoj.k dFkk
![Page 8: RQVNK LI GN...2020/02/20 · LM YLXN L]+NT5R GN H GMXV H VD\[K J6$ EXGV F6\DOV NK9 HD V+NK +NNMK JVM4VM G VHNH\V QTIX N GV GE= IJ/ONVD H VDPWN[M JT J6D$ VGDLIX ND \N+N UNV GHN MJK](https://reader035.fdocuments.net/reader035/viewer/2022071412/6108139d0e2bbd02f5138a8f/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Lons'kh if=dk &
D;k rduhdh ped ls feysxhvFkZO;oLFkk dks j¶rkj
lnh ds rhljs n'kd ds igys ctV esa foÙkea=h ds cgh&[kkrs ls rjDdh ds fy, rduhddh ped rks fudyh gS] ij cktkj dh lqLrh ls fuiVus dh rLohj yxHkx /kqa/kyh gSAfoÙkh; ?kkVk c<+kdj vFkZO;oLFkk dks j¶rkj nsus ds fufgrkFkZ Hkys gS vkSj vPNs Hkh gS]ysfdu cktkj esa ekax c<+k;s cxSj blds QfyrkFkZ 'kqHk gksaxs] bldh laHkkouk de gSA
o"kZ 2020 ds vke ctV esa ,d ,sls U;w bafM;k ¼vk/kqfud Hkkjr½ ds fuekZ.k dk liuk>ydrk gS] tks nqfu;k esa fodflr gks jgh gj uohure rduhd dks gj Lrj ij xys yxkusesa l{ke gksA blesa dksbZ nksjk; ugha fd vkt foKku vkSj rduhd ds fujarj fodkl dstfj, vusd ns'kksa us vHkwriwoZ rjDdh dh gSA ftu ns'kksa us rduhd dks Bhd ls viuk;kgS ogka ds ukxfjdksa ds thou esa vkewypwy cnyko vk;k gSA Hkkjr esa Hkh thou ds gj{ks= esa ubZ rduhd] u, rjhdksa dks vktekus&viukus dh igy gqbZ gSA bls vkSj vf/kdj¶rkj nsus ds fy, gh 'kk;n bl ctV esa rduhd ij [kklrkSj ls Qksdl fd;k x;k gSAfoÙkea=h us vc rd ds lcls yacs ctV Hkk"k.k esa rduhdh fodkl ds fy, dbZ ,d cM+s,syku fd;k gSA mnkgj.k ds fy,] ljdkj vxys 5 lky esa DokaVe ,Iyhds'ku ij 8 gtkjdjksM #i, [kpZ djsxhA ekywe gks fd DokaVe daI;wfVax ,d ,slh rduhd gS ftldh ennls cM+s MkVk vkSj baQ‚esZ'ku dks cgqr gh de le; esa çkslsl fd;k tk ldrk gSA blrjg ds u, çkslslj dh enn ls ubZ nokvksa dh [kkst ls ysdj 'kgjksa dk eSustesaV vkSjVªkaliksVZ tSls dke vklku gks tk,axsA ljdkj us iwjs ns'k esa MkVk lsaVj ikdZ cukus dkQSlyk fd;k gSA vkaxuckM+h] Ldwy] iqfyl LVs'ku ls ysdj cM+s&NksVs n¶rjksa dks fMftVyusVodZ ls tksM+k tk,xkA igys pj.k esa gh 1 yk[k xzke iapk;rksa dks gkbZ LihM cz‚McSaMls tksM+us dh ;kstuk gSA tkfgj gS fd blls xzkeh.k Hkkjr dk fMftVyhdj.k gks tk,xkA
vkoj.k dFkk
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Lons'kh if=dk &
vkoj.k dFkk
bldk xkao ds yksxksa] [kkldj ;qokvksadks vR;f/kd ykHk igqapsxkA ljdkjdk y{; dh fdlku [ksrh ds [kphZysvkSj ikjaifjd rjhds ls ckgj fudysvkSj [ksrh&ckM+h ds dke esa Hkh vkèkqfudrduhd dk c<+&p<+dj bLrseky djsaA
ekStwnk ctV esa dqlqe ;kstukdks tkjh j[kus dk QSlyk fd;k x;kgSA bl ds ekQZr fdlkuksa dks viuhtehu ij lkSj ÅtkZ midj.k vkSj iaiyxkdj flapkbZ djus dh lqfo/kkmiyCèk gksxhA fdlku viuh tehuij lksyj iSuy yxkdj blls cuusokyh fctyh dk mi;ksx [ksrh dsfy, rks dj gh ldrs gSa] blls ns'k dsxkaoksa esa vckèk :i ls fnu&jkr fctyhvkiwfrZ 'kq: dh tk ldrh gSA
m|ksx ,oa O;kikj ds fodkl dsfy, v‚uykbu —f"k eaMh ^bZ&uke*vkSj ljdkjh [kjhn iksVZy ^tSe* dsfy, 27300 djksM #i, vkoafVr fd;kx;k gSA f'k{kk dk vkèkqfudj.k ljdkjdh çkFkfedrk esa 'kkfey gSA foÙkea=hds ctV Hkk"k.k esa dgk x;k gS fdljdkj tYn gh ubZ f'k{kk uhfr dk,syku djsxh] ftlds rgr ns'k esav‚uykbu fMxzh ysoy ds çksxzke 'kq:fd, tk,axsA ctV es a eksckby]bysDVª‚fuDl ij tksj fn;k x;k gSvkSj ;qokvksa dks vf/kdkf/kd la[;k esabl fn'kk esa dke djus ds fy,çksRlkfgr fd, tkus dh ckr gSA ;qokvksadks vkxs c<+kus ds fy, ^ySaM cSad* dhtkudkjh nsus dh ?kks"k.kk gqbZ gS rkfd,d iksVZy ds tfj, mUgsa og lkjhtkudkfj;ka nh tk lds] ftldh mUgsat:jr gSA foKku vkSj rduhd dsfodkl ds fy, fo'oLrjh; 'kks/k vuqla/kku vkSj dkS'ky vk/kkfjr 'kS{kf.kdlaLFkku [kksys tkus ds fy, vko';dctV vkoaVu ds lkFk&lkFk f'k{kk esa,QMhvkbZ dks c<+kok nsus dh ?kks"k.kkdh xbZ gSA
ogha nwljh rjQ gky&fQygkynqfu;k Hkj esa eanh dk vkye gSA Hkkjrdh vFkZO;oLFkk Hkh lqLrh ds nkSj lsxqtj jgh gSA lqLr iM+h vFkZO;oLFkkdks xfr nsus ds fy, cktkj esa ekaxc<+kus ij tksj fn;k x;k gSA bldsfy, O;fäxr djnkrk dks VSDl esaNwV nh xbZ gSA daifu;ksa ds fMfoMsaMij Hkh NwV nh xbZ gSA blls ljdkjdh dqy vk; esa 65 gtkj djksM #i,dh deh gksxhA bldh HkjikbZ foÙkh;?kkVs esa o`f) dj dh tk,xhA ljdkjdh lksp gS fd VSDl esa dVkSrh ls vkevkneh ds gkFk esa iSlk c<+sxkA iSlkc<+sxk] rks vke vkneh cktkj ls eky[kjhnsxk vkSj fuos'k Hkh djsxkA ekStwnkifj–'; esa iSlk vkus ij vke vknehdqN [kjhnnkjh rks dj ldrk gS] ysfdutc rd ekax c<+us ds vklkj gh uk gksrks og fuos'k ugha dj ldrkA nwljhrjQ dj esa tks NwV nh xbZ gS ml_.k ds C;kt dh olwyh Hkh nsj&lcsjfdlh u fdlh :i esa vke vkneh lsgh gksuh gSA ,sls esa vke vkneh dhØ;'kfä c<+us dh ctk; vkSj degksus dh laHkkouk vf/kd gSA bllscktkj esa ekax esa vkSj vf/kd dehvk,xhA ljdkj dh ;g lksp gS fd
fuos'k dks çksRlkgu nsdj fuos'k esao`f) gkfly dj ysaxs] ;g ,d liustSlk gSA D;ksafd ;g rc rd laHkougha gS tc rd fd cktkj esa ekax uc<+sA LoHkkfod rkSj ij Hkh ekax gksusdh n'kk esa m|eh fuos'k ds fy, ges'kkrRij gksrs gSa rFkk bl ckcr vko';djde dgha ls Hkh tqVk ysrs gSaA
xkSjryc gS fd O;kikj lwpdkadesa Hkkjr dh jSafdax esa lq/kkj gqvk gSAfoÙkea=h us vius Hkk"k.k esa bl lq/kkjdk xaHkhjrk ls mYys[k Hkh fd;k gSAysfdu yk[k Vds dk loky ;g gS ;glq/kkj vk;kr ds {ks= esa gqvk gS ;kfu;kZr ds {ks= esaA blesa dksbZ nksjk;ugha fd Hkkjr igys ls T;knk fo'oO;kikj dq'ky gks x;k gSA foÙkea=h usctV i<+rs gq, Lo;a Hkh crk;k gS fdtks f}i{kh; O;kikj le>kSrs fd, x,gSa muds dkj.k vk;kr esa o`f) gks jghgSA mUgksaus ;g Hkh dgk gS fd lsQxkMZMîwVh] Mafiax MîwVh vkSj vk;kfrr ekyij nh tk jgh lfClMh ij Hkh ljdkjudsy dlsxhA bldk eryc ;g gSfd gekjh O;kikj dq'kyrk okLro esavk;krksa esa of) ij fuHkZj gSA ge fu;kZrds ekeys esa vHkh cgqr ihNs gSA
,sls esa ;g vko';d gks tkrk gSfd ns'k ds m|ksxksa dks orZeku ds lLrsvk;kr ls laj{k.k fn;k tk,A Hkkjhek=k esa phu vkfn ns'kksa ls vk;kfrrlkekuksa ij vfrfjDr dj yxkus dslkFk&lkFk ns'kh] ?kjsyw] cM+s vkSj e/;e m|ksxksa dks vko';d lqfo/kk,amiyC/k djkuh gksxhA gekjs m|ksxksa dhykxr esa dVkSrh ds mik; djus gksaxs]rkfd ge fo'o cktkj esa vius fu;kZrc<+k ldsaA D;ksafd fu;kZr c<+us ij ghgekjh vFkZO;oLFkk dks j¶rkj feysxh]ns'k esa ekax c<+sxh vkSj fBBdh gqbZvFkZO;oLFkk lqLrh ls ckgj fudysxhAblds fy, ljdkj dks n<+ bPNk'kfDrds lkFk vkxs c<+uk gksxkA
fdlku viuh tehu ijlksyj iSuy yxkdj bllscuus okyh fctyh dkmi;ksx [ksrh ds fy, rksdj gh ldrs gSa] bllsns'k ds xkaoksa esa vckèk:i ls fnu&jkr fctyhvkiwfrZ 'kq: dh tk
ldrh gSA
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Lons'kh if=dk &
foÙkea=h fueZyk lhrkje.k tc viuk nwljkctV&2020 yksdlHkk esa is'k dj jgh Fkh rks ekStwnkvkfFkZd ekgkSy ek;wlh dk FkkA vFkZO;oLFkk ¼ldy?kjsyw mRikn½ yxkrkj fxj jgh FkhA csjkstxkjh njfiNys 45 o"kksaZ ds loksZPp f'k[kj ij FkhA ,slhi`"BHkwfe esa ctV rS;kj djrs le; ljdkj ds eu esa}an dh fLFkfr rks jgh gksxhA D;k QkSjh rkSj ij dqNdne mBk, tk,a\ ftlls dqN ldkjkRedjktuhfrd lans'k tk, ;k ekStwnk yach j.kuhfr dsrgr gh vkfFkZd lq/kkjksa ij gh tksj j[kk tk,A tksHkkjr dh vFkZO;oLFkk dks ysdj ç/kkuea=h ujsaæeksnh ds 5 fVªfy;u M‚yj ds lius dks iwjk djsaA
foÙkea=h fueZyk lhrkje.k us bu nksuksa i{kksa esals nwljs i{k dks gh roTtks nhA QkSjh rkSj ij jkgr
ds dsoy dqN gh dne mBk, x,A tkfgj gS fd ljdkj viuh vkfFkZd j.kuhfr ds rgrgh vkxs c<+ jgh gSA oSf'od ifjizs{; esa fo'o O;kikj ;q) ls iSnk gqbZ ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa Hkkjrdk utfj;k orZeku ctV&2020 ds ek/;e ls is'k djus dh dksf'k'k dh xbZ gSA ctVesa dqN egRoiw.kZ {ks=ksa ds çko/kku bl çdkj gSa &
Hkkjr esa vkcknh dk ,d cM+k fgLlk vkt Hkh —f"k ij fuHkZj gSA —f"k {ks= ds lqèkkjds fcuk ,d fodflr Hkkjr dh dYiuk ugha dh tk ldrhA ç/kkuea=h ujsaæ eksnh us Hkho"kZ 2022 rd fdlkuksa dh vk; dks nksxquk djus dk ok;nk fd;k gSA orZeku ctV esa—f"k {ks= dks fodkl dh iVjh ij ykus ds fy, 16 lw=h ;kstuk rS;kj dh xbZ gSA ftlls—f"k _.k esa 11 Qhlnh dh c<+ksrjh ds lkFk 15 yk[k djksM+ dk y{; j[kk x;k gSAflapkbZ ds fy, vyx ls 1-60 yk[k djksM+ dk çko/kku fd;k x;k gSA ftlls 100 ,slsftyksa esa ikuh dh miyC/krk lqfuf'pr dh tk ldsxh] tgka ikuh dk ladV gSA —f"k dslkFk&lkFk eNyh ikyu] i'kq ikyu ij fo'ks"k tksj fn;k x;k gSA o"kZ 2025 rd nqX/kçlaLdj.k dk y{; nksxquk fd;k x;k gSA Qy vkSj lfCt;ksa ds HkaMkj.k ds fy, ihihihe‚My dk çko/kku gSA fdlku jsy] fdlku mM+ku ;kstuk ds ek/;e ls Qy vkSj lfCt;ksadks xarO; rd de le; esa igqapkdj fdlkuksa ds fgrksa dk laj{k.k lqfuf'pr djus dkç;kl fd;k x;k gSA gj ftys esa ^fu;kZr gc* cukus ls Hkh fdlkuksa dks mudh Qly dkmfpr ewY; fnykus esa lgk;rk feysxhA
^esd bu bafM;k* eqfge dks vkSj Hkh vljnkj cukus ds fy, foÙkea=h fueZyklhrkje.k us dbZ phtksa ij vk;kr 'kqYd dks c<+kdj 20 Qhlnh dj fn;k gSA ftuesafeDlj xzkbaMj] okVj ghVj] VksLVj] d‚Qh esdj 'kkfey gSA VeZu ds vuqlkj vk;kr 'kqYd
d ks c<+kd j 20
^esd bu bafM;k* dks c<+kus okyk ctV&vkoj.k dFkk
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Lons'kh if=dk &
c<+kus dk QSlyk dkQh lksp le>djfd;k x;k gSA vxj ge mu mRiknksaij utj Mkysa rks ;g /;ku esa vkrk gSfd buesa ls vf/kdrj dk vk;kr phuls gksrk gSA buesa ls T;knkrj os mRikngSa ftudk mRiknu Hkkjr esa Hkh gksrk gS]phu ls vk;kr dsoy lLrs nke ds vk/kkj ij gksrk gSA phu ls vk;kr gksusokys f[kykSuksa ij ;g nj 20 izfr'kr lsc<+kdj 60 izfr'kr dj nh xbZ gSA
bySDVª‚fuDl ds lkeku ij HkhMîwVh c<+k nh xbZ gSA fpfdRlk ;a=ksads vk;kr ij 5 izfr'kr LokLF; midjyxk;k x;k gSA ;g lHkh çkoèkku?kjsyw mRiknu dks T;knk ls T;knkçfrLi/khZ cukus vkSj esd bu bafM;kds rgr ns'k esa gh fuekZ.k djus dsmís'; ls mBk, x, gSA fiNys foÙko"kZ esa phu ds lkFk O;kikj ?kkVk 5600djksM+ M‚yj ¼3-92 yk[k djksM #i,½dk jgk FkkA orZeku ctV esa fd, x,u, çko/kkuksa ls bl esa deh vkus dhlaHkkouk gSA ns'k ds ;qok dks jkstxkjdk ekxZ dsoy esd bu bafM;k ls ghçkIr gksxkA blds fy, eksckby Qksu]lsehdaMDVj] bysfDVªd midj.k dsfuekZ.k dh fo'ks"k ;kstuk dk çko/kkufd;k x;k gS] rkfd vesfjdk o phuds chp O;kikj ;q) dk Qk;nk mBk;ktk ldsA
vf/klajpuk ds fy, ctV esa 130yk[k djksM #i, ds fuos'k dk çkoèkkufd;k x;k gSA bls ns'k esa ,d csgrjvkS|ksfxd ekgkSy cukus esa enn feysxhAlkFk gh lkFk vlaxfBr {ks= dks HkhykHk feysxk rFkk jkstxkj ds u,volj iSnk gksaxsA LVhy vkSj lhesaVtSls {ks=ksa esa ekax c<+sxhA vf/klajpuk{ks= esa lcls cM+h leL;k ifj;kstukvksads jkLrs esa vkus okyh ck/kk,a gSaA ftllsmudk dk;Z #d tkrk gSA le; dslkFk&lkFk ifj;kstuk ykxr c<+rh pyh
tkrh gSA blls cSadksa ls fy, dtZ Qaltkrs gSaA ljdkj dk iwjk è;ku buifj;kstukvksa dks le; ij iwjk djusij dsafær gksuk pkfg,A orZeku foÙkh;o"kZ esa 15]500 fdyksehVj jktekxksaZ rFkko"kZ 2024 rd 100 u, ,;jiksVZ dsfuekZ.k djus dh Hkh ;kstuk gSA
j{kk ctV esa 5-83 Qhlnh dho`f) ds lkFk o"kZ 2020&21 ds fy,3]37]553 djksM #i, vkoafVr fd,x, gSaA blesa 1-13 yk[k djksM+ #i,dk vkoaVu ok;q;ku] ;q)iksr rFkklSU; midj.kksa dh [kjhn ds fy, fd;ktk,xkA osru rFkk j{kk çfr"Bkuksa dsj[kj[kko ij 2-09 yk[k djksM #i,[kpZ gksaxsA isa'ku Hkqxrku ds fy, Hkhvyx ls 1-17 yk[k djksM+ dk çkoèkkufd;k x;k gSA- orZeku j{kk ctV dqythMhih dk egt 1-5 Qhlnh gSA tksthMhih dh –f"V ls 1962 ds cknlcls de j{kk ctV dk vkoaVu gSA
dj ç.kkyh dks ljy cukus dsfy, Þbude VSDl pkVZjß ykus dhckr ctV esa dgh xbZ gSA orZekuctV esa vk;dj dh ?kVh gqbZ njksa dslkFk ,d ubZ LySc dks yk;k x;k gSAbl LySc esa vk;dj vf/kfu;e dsrgr feyus okyh fofHkUu NwV ughafey ik,axhA djnkrk viuh bPNk dsvuqlkj ubZ o iqjkuh LySc esa ls pqukodj ldrk gSA 5 yk[k rd dh vk;ij dksbZ dj ugha nsuk gksxkA 5 yk[kls 7-50 yk[k rd 10 izfr'kr] 7-50 ls10 yk[k ij 15 izfr'kr rFkk 10 yk[kls 15 yk[k rd 20 izfr'kr vkSj 15yk[k ls T;knk vk; okyksa dks 30izfr'kr dh nj ls dj nsuk gksxkA ubZO;oLFkk esa ,slh 70 dVkSrh;ksa dks gVkfn;k x;k gS] ftudh NwV vHkh rddjnkrk ysrk vk;k FkkA bl O;oLFkk
ls mu O;fä;ksa dks ykHk gksxk tkscpr ugha dj ikrsA ljdkj dk ;gdne cktkj esa ekax c<+kus gsrq mBk;kx;k yxrk gSA dkjiksjsV VSDl esa HkhdVkSrh dh xbZ gSA ftlls jkstxkj dsvolj iSnk gksus dh laHkkouk gSA
ljdkj us jktLo c<+kus ds fy,Hkkjrh; thou chek fuxe esa viuhfgLlsnkjh dks 'ks;j ekdsZV ds ek/;els fofuos'k djus dk fu.kZ; fy;k gSAbafM;u ,;jykbal rFkk Vsyhd‚elsDVj ls Hkh dkQh jktLo vkus dhmEehn gSA çR;{k fons'kh fuos'k¼,QMhvkbZ½ dks igyh ckj f'k{kk ds{ks= esa Hkh [kksy fn;k x;k gSA bllscktkj dh ekax ds vuq:i f'k{kk eqgS;kdjokbZ tk ldrh gS rFkk fo'oLrjh;laLFkkuksa dk fuekZ.k Hkkjr esa laHko gksldsxkA vFkZO;oLFkk dks vkSj T;knkj¶rkj nsus rFkk fons'kh fuos'k dksvkdf"kZr djus ds fy, ljdkj us fons'khljdkjksa ds lkojsu c‚UM esa fuos'k ijdj NwV nsus dk fu.kZ; fy;k gSAvfèklajpuk rFkk çkFkfed {ks= esa fuos'kij ,sls lkojsu c‚UM~l ij 100 izfr'krdj NwV dk çko/kku fd;k x;k gSAdj NwV dh le; lhek 30 ekpZ 2024rd fuf'pr dh xbZ gSA
lkoZtfud {ks= ds cSadksa rFkk u‚ucSafdax Qkbusafl;y daiuht dh gkyrdks lq/kkjus ds fy, vfrfjä QaM eqgS;kdjkus dk fu.kZ; fy;k x;k gSA cSadksaesa tekdrkZvksa dh fMi‚ftV ba';ksjsalvkSj ØsfMV xkjaVh ,DV 1961 esa tekjkf'k dh chek xkjaVh dks ,d yk[k lsc<+kdj 5 yk[k dj fn;k x;k gSAblls cSadksa esa tek iwath dh 5 yk[krd dh ftEesnkjh ljdkj dh gksxhA;g dne cSadksa ds çfr tekdrkZvksadk Hkjkslk c<+kus okyk gSA
vkoj.k dFkk
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Lons'kh if=dk &
2019 esa [kjhQ dh dVkbZ dk ekSle 'kq: gksus ds rhu lIrkg ckn dqN fjiksVsaZ lkeusvkbZa] ftuds vuqlkj fdlku ljdkj }kjk ?kksf"kr U;wure leFkZu ewY; ¼,e,lih½ lsdkQh de ewY; ij viuh Qlysa csp jgs gSaA /kku vkSj eDdk tSlh dqN Qlyksa dksNksM+dj ewax] mM+n] rqvj] jkefry] cktjk] Tokj] jkxh] dikl] lks;kchu vkSj lwjteq[khlfgr 14 [kjhQ Qlyksa esa ls vf/kdrj ds fy, cktkj ewY;] U;wure leFkZu ewY; ls 8ls 37 çfr'kr rd uhps fxj x;kA blls tgka fdlkuksa us cM+s iSekus ij uqdlku mBk;k]ogha e/;e oxZ ds chp bu [kcjksa ls dksbZ [kkl vkØks'k ugha iuikA blds dkj.k dksle>uk cM+k vklku gSA vxj Hkkstu dh dhersa de jgrh gSa rks ?kjsyw ctV ij vljugha iM+rkA okLro esa] [kk| eqæk LQhfr dks fu;a=.k esa j[kus ds fy, ljdkj dh ihBFkiFkikbZ xbZ vkSj fdlh us Hkh ;g tkuus dh tger Hkh ugha mBkbZ fd mu fdlkuksa dkD;k gksrk gS tks bl lLrs Hkkstu dk mRiknu djrs gSaA
,slk ugha gS fd ;g igyh ckj gks jgk gSA 2018 vkSj 2019 esa fdlkuksa us U;wureleFkZu ewY; ls 20 ls 30 çfr'kr rd de dherksa ij nkyksa] frygu vkSj eksVs vuktksadh fcØh dh vkSj eafM;ksa esa ykbZ viuh Qlyksa dh [kjhn dh ekax djrs jgsA ;gka rdfd xsgwa vkSj pkoy tSls ftu vuktksa dh [kjhn lqfuf'pr gS] muds fy, Hkh iatkc vkSjgfj;k.kk tSlh txgksa ¼tgka ,d fo'kky vkSj dq'ky [kjhn&Qjks[r ra= ekStwn gS½ dksNksM+dj fdlh Hkh nwljh txg os U;wure leFkZu ewY; çkIr djus esa vleFkZ jgs gSaAysfdu] fo'o O;kikj laxBu dh vksj ls yxkrkj [kqn dh tkap vkSj Lok;Ùk mnkjhdj.kesa çxfr ds lkFk Hkkjr ij bl [kjhn&Qjks[r ra= dks [kRe djus dk dkQh ncko cukgqvk gSA vDVwcj 2019 esa /kku ds [kjhn ds ekSle ds chp vpkud gh gfj;k.kk esa djuky
fdlkuksa dks gj eghus ikap gtkj #i,nsus ls lq/kj ldrs gSa gkykr
[k srhckjh
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Lons'kh if=dk &
ftyk ç'kklu us lhtu ds fy, 135yk[k Vu ds vius dksVs ls T;knk /kkudh [kjhn ij jksd yxk nhA
dksbZ Li"Vhdj.k fn, cxSj ljdkjeaMh esa yk, x, xsgwa vkSj /kku ds gjvUu dks [kjhnus ds vius ok;ns lsdne ihNs [khapus ds fy, fcYdqyrS;kj fn[k jgh gSA iatkc esa eq[;ea=hus dfFkr rkSj ij vk<+fr;ksa ¼deh'ku,tsaVksa½ dh ,d cSBd esa Hkfo"; esalkoZtfud LV‚d gksfYMax lhekvksa esadVkSrh dh vkSj b'kkjk djrs gq, dgkgS fd og bl ckjs esa vk'oklu ugha nsik,axs fd vxys lky [kjhn&Qjks[rdk lapkyu chrs o"kksaZ dh rjg lqpk::i ls pyrk jgsxkA /kkU;kxkjksa dsiwjh rjg Hkj tkus ls [kjhn esa dVkSrhdjuk vçca/kuh; vfrfjä [kk| dksde djus ds fy, uhfrxr ekxZ ekyweiM+rk gSA ysfdu] ,sls esa mu yk[kksayksxksa dk D;k gksxk tks caij iSnkokjds fy, dfBu ifjJe djrs gSa\ fdlkuksads VekVj] vkyw vkSj I;kt dks lM+dksaij Qsadus dh ?kVuk,a ckj&ckj ?kVrhgSaA bls vf/kdrj —f"k mRiknksa dkslky nj lky mfpr ewY; ls oafprdjus ls tksfM+,A bl rjg vkids lkeusfujarj ekStwn —f"k ladV ds dkj.kiwjh rjg Li"V gks tkrs gSaA
vius 16&28 Qjojh] 2019 dslaLdj.k esa Mkmu Vw vFkZ vaxzsth if=dkdh vksj ls fd, x, ,d fo'ys"k.k lsirk pyrk gS fd ,d fdlku ,dgsDVs;j xsgw a ls 32]644 #i, dhmRiknu ykxr ds eqdkcys dsoy 7]639#i, dekrk gSA ;g 25]005 #i,çfr gsDVs;j dk Hkkjh uqdlku gSA èkkudh Qly ds fy, ;s uqdlku 36]410#i,] eDdk ds fy, 33]688 #i,vkSj vjgj ds fy, 26]480 #i, gSAljdkj bl ckr ls vPNh rjg okfdQgSA ,d vkjVhvkbZ ds tokc es agfj;k.kk —f"k foHkkx us dgk fd
2018&19 ds foi.ku dky esa 2]874#i, çfr fDoaVy dh vuqekfurmRiknu ykxr ds eqdkcys U;wureleFkZu ewY; 1]840 #i, çfr fDoaVy¼100 fdyksxzke½ Fkk] tks 234 #i, dkuqdlku n'kkZrk gSA dikl ij çfrfDoaVy 830 #i, dk uqdlku ntZfd;k x;kA tcfd] csgrj çca/ku vkSjmPp U;wure leFkZu ewY; gkykr dksBhd djus esa enn dj ldrs gSaA
,slk yxrk gS tSls [kjhn ewY;dks tkucw>dj de j[kk x;k gSA 23Qlyksa ds fy, U;wure leFkZu ewY;fu/kkZfjr djus okys —f"k ykxr vkSjewY; vk;ksx ¼lh,lhih½ ds fglkc ls;g tukns'k u dsoy fdlkuksa dks ,dlqfuf'pr ewY; çnku djus ds fy, gS]cfYd varjjk"Vªh; dherksa ds lkFklarqyu cuk, j[kus ds fy, Hkh gS]rkfd U;wure leFkZu ewY; eqæk LQhfrdks c<+kok u nsA [kk| eqæk LQhfrftruh vf/kd gksxh] m|ksxksa ij Jfedksadh etnwjh c<+kus dk mruk gh nckogksxkA blls vkfFk Zd lq/kkjk s a dsvfu;af=r gksus dk [krjk c<+ tk,xkAysfdu] bu lcesa fpark dh ckr ;g gSfd vdsys fdlkuksa ij [kk| eqæk LQhfrdks fu;a=.k esa j[kus dk cks> MkydjNksM+ fn;k x;k gSA
2018 esa vkfFkZd lgk;rk ,oafodkl laxBu ¼vksbZlhMh½ vkSj bafM;udkmafly Q‚j fjlpZ v‚u baVjuS'kuy
bdk su ‚ fed fjy s ' k al¼vkbZlhvkjvkbZbZvkj½ us feydj ,dv/;;u fd;k] tks ml pkSadk nsus okyhykxr dks fn[kkrk gS] ftldk cks>Hkkstu ds ewY; dks de cuk, j[kus dsfy, fdlkuksa dks mBkuk iM+rk gSAbl v/;;u ds vuqlkj] 2000&01 ls2016&17 ds chp fdlkuksa dks mudhmit ds okftc ewY; ls oafpr j[kusdh otg ls 45 yk[k djksM+ #i, dklap;h uqdlku gqvkA ;g yxHkx2-65 yk[k djksM+ #i, çfr o"kZ dkuqdlku gS] tks fdlkuksa dks O;kikjçfrca/kksa] de dherksa vkSj foi.kuuhfr;ks a es a Hkkjh xM+cM+h ¼ftlesalqfuf'pr [kjhn esa deh Hkh 'kkfey gS½ds dkj.k >syuk iM+kA okftc vk; lsoafpr gksus ij fdlkuksa dh fuHkZjrkdf"k _.k ij c<+ tkrh gS] tks muesavkRegR;k dh c<+rh ço`fÙk dk eq[;dkj.k gSA
jk"Vªh; vijk/k fjd‚MZ C;wjks dsvkadM+ksa ds vuqlkj] 1995 ls 2018 dschp 3]36]516 fdlkuksa us vkRegR;kdhA okLrfod —f"k vk; esa fujarjfxjkoV ¼uhfr vk;ksx ds vuqlkj]2011&12 vkSj 2015&16 ds chpokLrfod —f"k vk; 0-44 çfr'kr lsHkh de okf"kZd nj ls c<+h gS½ ,slhifjfLFkfr;ka Hkh iSnk djrh gSa tksfdlkuksa] fo'ks"k :i ls NksVs fdlkuksadks [ksrh NksM+us vkSj ukSdjh dh ryk'k
[k srhckjh
vthc ckr ;g gS fd xzkeh.k{ks= ls 'kgjksa esa iyk;u dksvkfFkZd fodkl ds ladsr ds:i esa ns[kk tkrk gSA okLro
esa] uhfrxr tksj yksxksa dks d`f"kls foeq[k dj mu 'kgjksa esaLFkkukarfjr djus ij jgk gS]tgka lLrs Je dh t:jr gSA
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Lons'kh if=dk &
esa 'kgjksa dh vksj iyk;u ds fy,etcwj djrh gSaA vthc ckr ;g gSfd xzkeh.k {ks= ls 'kgjksa esa iyk;u dksvkfFkZd fodkl ds ladsr ds :i esans[kk tkrk gSA okLro esa] uhfrxrtksj yksxksa dks —f"k ls foeq[k dj mu'kgjksa esa LFkkukarfjr djus ij jgk gS]tgka lLrs Je dh t:jr gSA
tc —f"k vFkZO;oLFkk xgjs ladVesa gksrh gS] rks bldk cqjk vlj [ksfrgjvkSj xSj —f"k Jfedksa] nksuksa ij iM+rkg SA fnYyh dh ,d O;olkf;dbaUQ‚esZ'ku daiuh lsaVj Q‚j e‚fuVfjaxbafM;u bdksu‚eh dh ,d fjiksVZ crkrhgS fd —f"k esa ldy ewY; 14 lky esalcls de gSA vuqeku ds eqrkfcd2018&19 esa xzkeh.k Hkkjr esa 91 yk[kukSdfj;ka vkSj 'kgjks a esa 18 yk[kukSdfj;ka [kRe gks xbZaA fjiksVZ esa dgkx;k gS] Þxzkeh.k Hkkjr esa ns'k dhnks&frgkbZ vkcknh clrh gS] ysfdu84 Qhlnh ukSdfj;ka xkaoksa esa gh [kRegqbZ gSaAß blls igys] us'kuy lSaiylosZ v‚fQl ¼,u,l,lvks½ dh yhdgqbZ ihfj;fMd yscj QkslZ losZ fjiksVZ2017&18 ls irk pyk Fkk fd2011&12 ls 2017&18 ds chp] 300yk[k [ksfrgj Jfedksa lfgr djhc 340yk[k vfu;fer etnwjksa dks xzkeh.k{ks=ksa esa ukSdfj;ka xaokuh iM+h FkhaA —f"k dk;Zcy esa bl rjg 40 çfr'krdh fxjkoV ntZ dh xbZ FkhA —f"k esade fuos'k ls Hkh bl {ks= ds çfriwokZxzg Li"V gksrs gSaA
Hkkjrh; fjtoZ cSad ds vuqlkj]2011&12 vkSj 2016&17 ds chp df"kesa lkoZtfud {ks= dk fuos'k thMhihds 0-3 ls 0-4 çfr'kr ds vklikl ghjgkA lkoZtfud {ks= ds bl rjg defuos'k djus dk vlj futh {ks= dsfuos'k ij Hkh iM+k vkSj mlus Hkh viusgkFk [khap fy,A 2016&17 esa —f"k esala;qä fuos'k thMhih dk 2-2 çfr'kr
jgkA blls irk pyrk gS fd çpfyr/kkj.kk ds foijhr] —f"k de mRikndrkls [kkl çHkkfor ugha gksrh gS] cfYdtkucw>dj —f"k vk; dks de j[kusdk bl ij vf/kd vlj iM+rk gSAfQygky] rRdky pqukSrh fdlkuksa dsgkFkksa esa vf/kd /ku miyC/k djkus dhgS] ftlls vf/kd ekax iSnk gksxh vkSjbl çfØ;k esa vFkZO;oLFkk fQj ls lq–<+ gksxhA lcls cM+k fu;ksäk gksus dsukrs vdsys —f"k esa vFkZO;oLFkk dksfjcwV djus dh {kerk gSA
,sls le; esa tcfd ns'k dh 60çfr'kr vkcknh ds ikl jk"Vªh; laifÙkdk dsoy 4-8 çfr'kr fgLlk gS vkSj blegRoiw.kZ vuqikr esa fdlku vkSj —f"kJfed 'kkfey gSa] rks ,sls esa —f"k dksiquthZfor djus dh rRdky vko';drkgSA lcdk lkFk] lcdk fodkl dk ;giDdk jkLrk gSA fdlkuksa dks lh/ksvkfFkZd lgk;rk çnku djus dh ;kstukds lkFk bldh 'kq#vkr Hkh gks pqdh gSAvc le; vk pqdk gS fd vkfFkZd fparuesa lajpukRed cnyko djrs gq, ÞewY;uhfrß ls Þvk; uhfrß dh rjQ c<+ktk,A ih,e fdlku ;kstuk ds rgrvkoaVu dks nksxquk djds bls lqfuf'prfd;k tk ldrk gSA
orZeku esa] fdlkuksa dks rhucjkcj fdLrksa esa 6]000 #i, gj lkyfn, tkrs gSaA çHkkoh :i ls ns[ksa rks;g egt 500 #i, çfr ekg dhcsgn ekewyh lgk;rk gS vkSj bls c<+kusdh t:jr gSA eq>s mEehn gS fd tYngh fdlkuksa dks lh/ks rkSj ij çR;sdeghus 5]000 #i, dh lgk;rk eqgS;kdjkbZ tk,xhA ;g rsyaxkuk dh jk;rqca/kq ;kstuk lfgr fofHkUu jkT;ksa esaykxw dh xbZ vk; lgk;rkvksa ds fy,lIyhesaV ds rkSj ij dke djsxhA bldsckn çR;sd fdlku ifjokj dh U;wureekfld vk; 18]000 #i, lqfuf'prdh tkuh pkfg,A ;g lq>ko gj eghusmUgsa psd tkjh djus ds fy, ugha]cfYd Qly mRikndrk vkSj [ksr dhHkkSxksfyd fLFkfr ds vk/kkj ij fdlkuksadks ,d lqfuf'pr ekfld vk; çnkudjus ds fy, ,d ra= fodflr djusdk gSA ljdkj dks bZt v‚Q Mwbaxfctusl dh rjg gh bZt v‚Q MwbaxQkfeaZx ds fy, Hkh ,d lwpdkad rS;kjdjus dh t:jr gSA
,sls le; esa tc la;qä jkT;vesfjdk esa ,d fdlku dks vkSlr60]586 M‚yj ¼42 yk[k #i,½] tkikuesa 10]149 M‚yj vkSj ;wjksih; la?k esa6]762 M‚yj dh lh/kh vk; lgk;rkfeyrh gS] Hkkjrh; fdlku dks feyjgh lgk;rk u ds cjkcj gSA lLrkHkkstu miyC/k djkus esa fdlkuksa dksgksus okys uqdlku ds fy, mUgsa i;kZIreqvkotk fn;k tkuk pkfg,A ;g Li"Vgks tkuk pkfg, fd ,d fdlku dks[kk|kUu mRiknu ds fy, nafMr ughafd;k tk ldrk gSA blds fy, ns'kdks vFkZO;oLFkk ds nwljs {ks=ksa ds cjkcjgh fdlkuksa ds fy, okLrfod vk;¼vkSj okf"kZd osru of)½ okyh ,d vkn'kZ;kstuk rS;kj djuh gh gksxhA https://www.downtoearth.org.in/hindistory/agriculture/farmers/By-giving-5-
000-rupees-every-month-to-farmers-the-situation-can-improve-69186?fbclid=IwAR0uahZwm4OCB-
cDBVtTHEkcaPoRBYkdkbOd461zpLQKVzcqo8kHINsvqMs
,sls le; esa tcfd ns'kdh çfr'kr vkcknh dsikl jk"Vªh; laifÙk dk
dsoy çfr'kr fgLlkgS vkSj bl egRoiw.kZ
vuqikr esa fdlku vkSjd`f"k Jfed 'kkfey gSa] rks,sls esa —f"k dks iquthZfor
djus dh rRdkyvko';drk gSA
[k srhckjh
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Lons'kh if=dk &
fyadfMu us dgk gS fd Cykd psu] vkfVZQhf'k;y baVsfytsal] tkokfLØIV vkSj jkscksfVDl {ks=ksa esa rsth ls u;s jkstxkj cu jgs gSaA ikjaifjd eSU;wQsDpfjax lslacaf/kr bySfDVªdy vFkok eSdsfudy bathfu;jksa ,oa flfoy bathfu;jksa vFkok —f"k {ks=esa jkstxkj l`tu cgqr /khjs gks jgk gSA ;g ifjorZu fo'o vFkZO;oLFkk ds cnyrs Lo#idk ladsr nsrk gS] tks eSU;wQSDpfjax ls gVdj lsok {ks= dh vksj eqM+ jgh gSA rduhdhfodkl ls vFkZO;LFkk esa bl çdkj ds ekSfyd ifjorZu le;≤ ij gksrs jgrs gSaAçfl) vFkZ'kkL=h tkslsQ 'kqeisVj us bls ÞltukRed fouk'kß dh laKk nh FkhA tSls iwoZesa ?kksM+k xkM+h pyrh Fkh] ,d LFkku ls nwljs LFkku ij tkus dh j¶rkj yxHkx 10fdyksehVj çfr ?kaVk gksrh FkhA vkt ?kksM+k xkM+h lekIr gks xbZ gSA vkt ?kksM+k xkM+hcukus] ?kksM+s dh ns[kHkky djus vkSj bUgsa pykus ds jkstxkj iwjh rjg lekIr gks x;s gSaAysfdu lkFk&lkFk thi vkSj cl ds cukus] budh ejEer djus vkSj bUgsa pykus esa mllsvf/kd jkstxkj mRiUu gks x;s gSaA yksxksa dk vkokxeu bruk c<+ x;k gS fd clsa Hkh Hkjhjgrh gSaA
nwljk mngkj.k ysa] rks iwoZ esa cSad ls uxn fudkyus ds fy, vki cSad tkrs FksA ogkacSad ds DydZ ls vki viuk psd ikl djkdj dsf'k;j ls uxn ysrs FksA cSad esa DydZ vkSjdsf'k;j ds jkstxkj l`ftr gks jgs FksA vkt vki ,Vh,e esa tkdj ogh jde Lo;a fudyysrs gSaA cSad ds DydZ vkSj dsf'k;j dk dke lekIr gks x;k gSA ysfdu mlh vuqikr esacSad ds [kkrk/kkjdksa dh la[;k esa of) gqbZ gS vkSj cSadksa ds dEI;wVjdfeZ;ksa dh la[;k c<+usls dqy dfeZ;ksa dh la[;k yxHkx mruh gh jg x;h gSA rhljk mnkgj.k ysa] rks vkt lschl o"kZ iwoZ reke lClØkbcj VsyhQksu Mk;fyax vFkok ,lVhMh cwFk gqvk djrs FksA
rduhdh fodkl dh pqukSrhvkfFk Zdh
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Lons'kh if=dk &
buds ek/;e ls vki nwjnjkt viustkudkjksa ls Qksu djrs FksA vkteksckby Qksu esa ;g lqfo/kk miyC/kgks tkus ls ,lVhMh cwFk iwjh rjg BIigks x;s gSaA muesa dke djus okyscsjkstxkj gks x;s gSaA ysfdu mlhvuqikr esa eksckbZy Qksu dks cspus]ejEer djus ,oa mlesa çksxzke Mkyusdk /ka/kk c<+ x;k gSA cfYd eksckbyQksu ls vki v‚uykbu 'kkWfiax] Vªsudh tkudkjh bR;kfn Hkh gkfly djjgs gSa] ftlls vkidk thou vklkugks x;k gSA 'kqeisVj dk dguk Fkk fdbl çdkj ds l`tukRed fouk'k ls?kcjkuk ugha pkfg,A gesa u;s dk;ksaZ dsfoLrkj ij /;ku nsuk pkfg,A iqjkusdk;ksaZ dk fouk'k vkSj u;s dk;ksaZ dkl`tu lkFk&lkFk pyrk jgrk gSA ;g,d lrr~ çfØ;k gSA
vejhdk dh C:fdaXl laLFkk dsesVªksiksfyVu ikWfylh çksxzke ds }kjkfd;s x, v/;;u ds vuqlkj vkusokys le; esa mPp rduhdksa esa jkstxkjesa of) gksxh vkSj osru Hkh c<+saxs] eè;erduhdksa esa jkstxkj de gksaxs vkSjfuEu rduhdksa esa jkstxkj dh la[;kesa of) gksxh] ysfdu osru U;wu jgsaxsAorZeku esa U;wu] e/;e vkSj mPp Js.khdk ,d fijkfeM ljh[kk jkstxkj dkforj.k gSA U;wu rduhd ds jkstxkjtSls VSDlh pykuk] eksckby Qksu dkscspuk vkSj ejEer djuk] dkj dhejEer djuk vFkok Vîwcosy dhfQfVax djuk bR;kfn ds jkstxkj dhla[;k esa o`f) gksxh] ysfdu buds osruesa fxjkoV vk,xhA bl çdkj ds dk;Zds Je cktkj esa Jfedksa esa çfrLi/kkZc<+sxh vkSj osru esa fxjkoV vk,xhAek/;e Js.kh ds rduhd ds jkstxkjtSls ,Dljs dks ns[kuk vFkok daI;wVjVkbfiax djuk ds dk;Z yqIr çk; gkstk;saxsA vkxkeh le; esa ,slh rduhdsavk tk,¡xh] ftuls daI;wVj ,Dljs dks
ns[ksxk vkSj jsfM;ksykftLV dk jkstxkjlekIr gks tk;sxkA ,sls daI;wVj çksxzkecu tk;saxs fd vki Lo;a gh viusdaI;wVj ls cksydj Vkbfiax djk ldsaxsAtSls orZeku esa ;fn vkidks dksbZ dkxtNiokuk gS rks mldh QkesZfVax vkiLo;a dj ysrs gSa tks fd iwoZ esa fdlhe/;e Js.kh ds dehZ ls djkrs FksAblfy, e/;e Js.kh ds jkstxkj yqIrçk; gks tk;saxsA rhljh rjQ tks mPpJs.kh ds jkstxkj gSa] tSlk fd fyadfMuus crk;k g S ] tSl s Cykd psu]vkfVZQhf'k;y baVsfytsal] tkok fLØIVvkSj jkscksfVDl ftuesa Hkkjh o`f) gksxhAbuesa osru Hkh c<saxs vkSj la[;k Hkhc<+sxhA ;|fi dqy la[;k de jgsxh]D;ksafd blesa de la[;k esa yksx ghvf/kd ek=k esa dke dj ldrs gSaAfdlh ,d oSKkfud us ,d u;s çdkjdk jkscV cuk fn;k rks ml jkscksV dkyk[kksa dh la[;k esa mRiknu djukvkSj mlls djksM+ksa eky dk mRiknudjuk laHko gks tkrk gSA blfy, mPprduhd ds jkstxkj la[;k esa de vkSjosrueku vf/kd gksaxsA
bl ifjfLFkfr esa gedks viusns'k dh turk dks jkstxkj miyC/kdjkuk gS vkSj ns'k ds vkfFkZd fodkldks c<+kuk gSA Li"V gksxk fd loZçFkegesa mPp rduhdksa dks l`ftr djus esajkstxkj cukus gksaxsA blds fy, gesa
dsUæ ljdkj dh reke ç;ksx'kkykvksadk vkewy pwy ifjorZu djuk gksxkAfo'o Lrj ij gekjh ç;ksx'kkyk,aBgjrh ugha gSaA vr% gesa rduhdksa dsl`tu dks vkmVlkslZ djus ij fopkjdjuk gksxkA ljdkj }kjk Cykd psuvkSj vkfVZQhfl;y baVsfytsal vkSjjkscksfVDl tSls {ks=ksa esa ubZ rduhdksadks lftr djus ds fy, futh laLFkkvksavFkok ljdkjh ç;ksx'kkykvksa vFkokgekjs ljdkjh ;qfuoflZfV;ksa dks Bsdsfn, tk ldrs gSaA ftlls fd bu Bsdksadks gkfly djus ds fy, laLFkkvksa dschp Li/kkZ gks vkSj ge bu rduhdksadks rsth ls cuk ldsaA fo'ks"kdj gesaviuh ;wfuoflZVh ra= esa rsth ls lq/kkjdjuk gksxkA
orZeku O;oLFkk esa vè;kidksa ijfjlpZ djus dk ncko ugha gksrk gSvkSj dqN fo|ky;ksa dks NksM+ nsa rks osde gh fjlpZ djrs gSaA okrkoj.k HkhfjlpZ dk ugha gS D;ksafd ç'kklu }kjkreke vojks/k iSnk fd;s tkrs gSaAblfy, viuh ;wfuoflZfV;ksa ds }kjkfjlpZ dh egRokdka{kh ifj;kstuk,acuk;h tkuh pkfg, ftlls ns'k esarduhdksa dk ltu gksA ;fn ,slkgksrk gS rks ge vius ;qokvksa dks jkstxkjgh ugha] cfYd ns'k dh vkfFkZdh dksHkh lq/kkj ldsaxs vkSj fo'o esa Hkkjr dkçHkqRo Hkh LFkkfir dj ldsaxsA
loZçFke gesa mPprduhdksa dks l`ftr
djus esa jkstxkj cukusgksaxsA blds fy, gesadsUæ ljdkj dh
reke ç;ksx'kkykvks adk vkewy pwy
ifjorZu djuk gksxkA
vkfFk Zdh
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Lons'kh if=dk &
nÙkksiar BsaxMh th lexz fopkjd rFkk lektf'kYihFksA jk"Vªh; Lo;alsod la?k esa Jhxq#th vkSj nhun;kymikè;k; th ds ckn oSpkfjd çLrqfr djus okyksa dh lwph esavkidk uke fo'ks"k :i ls fxuk tkrk gSA nÙkksiar th usviuh çfrHkk ls M‚- gsMxsokj] Jhxq#th ,oa nhun;ky thds fdrus gh fopkj lw=ksa dk fo'knhdj.k ,oa O;kogkfjdfoLrkj] mUgsa u;k ifjek.k fnykrs gq, fd;kA mnkgj.kLo#ila?k rFkk lekt leO;kIr] çxfr mUehyu ¼progressive
unfoldment of the vision of Sangh work½] la?k dqN Hkh djsxkugha] fQj Hkh vko';d lc dqN gks tk,xk] jk"Vª dk uofuekZ.k ugha] cfYd iqufuZek.k]lexz Økafr ugha] cfYd ;qxkuqdwy ifjorZuA
lexz fopkj i)fr dk vki vkxzg j[krs Fks vkSj mlh ifjçs{; esa vkius viusvkfFkZd fopkjksa dks j[kkA Hkkjrh; etnwj la?k ds fopkj lw=ksa dh çLrqfr dh vko';drkns[krs gq, vkjaHk fd;k vkSj vkxs tkdj oSf'od vFkZuhfr ds laca/k esa Hkh vkius fy[kkAn'kZu] bfrgkl] jktuhfr'kkL=] vFkZ'kkL=] O;oLFkkiu 'kkL=] lektfopkj] oSf'od Økafr;k¡vkfn ls lacaf/kr lSdMksa Hkkjrh; ,oa fons'kh xzaFkksa dk vkius vius O;Lr çpkj ds çoklhthou esa v/;;u fd;kA mlds QyLo:i ewy fganw fopkj/kkjk çxYHk gS vkSj mlds ewylw=ksa dks cuk, j[kdj] mudks ;qxkuqdy :i nsdj] mUgha ds vk/kkj ij jk"Vª iqufuZekZ.kdjuk gksxk] ;g J)k mUgksaus ân;axe dj yhA lkFk gh nqfu;k Hkj ls] dsoy if'pe lsugha] u;k Kku ftruk vko';d mruk vius jk"Vªh; lÙo ds <k¡ps esa <kyrs gq, vkRelkrdjuk gksxk] ;g fopkj j[kk vkSj oSls gh vki eaFku djrs pysA
lukru /keZ ds ewy lw=ksa ij vk/kkfjr mldk ;qxkuqdwy :i ^,dkRe ekuo n'kZu*1
;gh jk"Vª thou dk vk/kkjHkwr rÙo Kku gksuk pkfg,] vkSj mlh çdk'k es gjsd {ks= esaviuh uhfr;k¡ gksuh pkfg,] ,slk çfriknu vki fd;k djrs FksA
ek- nÙkksiar th ds fofo/k vkfFkZd fopkjksa dks ns[kus ds igys muds }kjk nh x;hdqN ewyHkwr vo/kkj.kkvksa ij utj Mkyuk mfpr gksxkA1- lukru /keZ ;g viuk fujis{k lanHkZ fcanw] Þlc dqN ,d gh gSAß ;g viuk
lk{kkRdkj] rFkk 'kk'or] oSf'od] vifjorZuh; rÙoksa ds çdk'k esa fuR; fodflr gksusokyh & fujarj cnyrh lkekftd] vkfFkZd O;oLFkk,¡] ;g fopkj] bR;kfn dkj.kksa lstxn~xq: dh Hkwfedk fuHkkus Hkkjr ;gh fo'ks"k :i ls l{ke gSA2
2- viuk xarO; LFkku3 fganw jk"Vª dk ije oSHko gSA bl fn'kk esa vkxs c<rs le; ,dtu ¼fganw½] ,d laL—fr ¼fganw½] ,d jk"Vª ¼fganw½] ,d ns'k ¼v[kaM Hkkjr½] ,d O;oLFkk
nÙkksiar BsaxMh th dsvkfFkZd fopkj
tUe'krkCnh
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Lons'kh if=dk &
¼/keZjkT;&fFkvksØWfVd u gksrs gq,/kkj.kkRed l`f"V fu;eks a ijvkèkkfjr jkT;½ ;g gekjh J)kgSA ¼lu 1925 ds fot;kn'kehds ioZ ij ;g /;s; fuf'pr fd;kx;k Fkk½A
3- okafNr lq;ksX; ,oa LFkk;h fodklvkSj çxfr gsrq ,dkRe fopkj4
vR;ko';d gSA [kkukcan [kafMrfopkjksa ls uhfrcká vFkZO;ogkjgksrk gS vkSj lq;ksX; fodkl ,oaçxfr dh tM ij gh vk?kkrfd;k tkrk gSA
4- mUgkasus fganw fopkj çfØ;k ij cyfn;kA Þgesa xkSj djuk gksxk fdviuh ewy fopkj çfØ;k dsvkèkkj ij gh gesa vkxs c<ukgksxk & vuqfer x`ghrdksa ijvkè k k f jr ¼Hypothehical½rkfÙod] 'kSf{kd vkfn ç.kkfy;ksadh vkjaHk esa fl)rk rFkk rRi'pkr~mles a lkekftd ;FkkFk Z dksLFkkfir djus dk ç;kl ;gik'pkR; fopkj ç.kkyh gS ,oaigys lekt okLro esa ls rF;ksadh [kkst] vk¡dyu vkSj vkxs mlesals LokHkkfod gh fodflr gksusokys fu"d"kkZRed fl)kar] ;gfganw fopkj çfd;k gSA ml gsrwlkewfgd fparu Hkh gksuk pkfg,ß5
5- bfrgkl dk vk/kkj ysrs gq,] ysfdumles my>s u jgrs Hkfo";os/kdjrs jguk] bl laca/k esa vkidgrs gSa] Þfganw jk"Vªoknh Hkyh Hkkafrtkurs gSa] fd Hkfo";oknh 'kkL=¼Futurology½ ds u gksrs] bfrgkldsoy fu"Qy gksrk gS vkSjbfrgkl dk vk/kkj u gksus okykHkfo";oknh 'kkL= ;g fujktMghu lk 'kkL= gksxkA mlh dsQyLo:i viuh /kjksgj ds vkèkkjij gh] çfrxkeh u gksrs gq, lrdZjgus rFkk lkgloknh u gksrs
ç;kljr gksus esa viuh lgk;rkgksrh gSAÞ6
6- HkkSfrd rFkk vk/;kfRed budschp dk larqyu ,oa lqesy] blfganw thou –f"V dks visf{kr,dkRe / k kj. k k dk vkiu siqu#Ppkj.k fd;kA7
7- nÙkksiar th fdlh Hkh lqfuf'pr<k¡ps dh ¼Blue Print½8 ifjHkk"kk esalkspuk mfpr ,oa laHko Hkh ekursu FksA ekuosaæukFk jk;] nhun;kymik/;k;] LokraR;Zohj lkojdj]ekDlZ ;k ysfuu vkfn tSlsO;ogkjoknh fopkjd fdlh HkhloaZd"k vk—frca/k ¼Utopia½ dhçLrqfr ds fojks/kh Fks] D;ksafd mudserkuqlkj vkjaHk es a gh ,slkvkd`frca/k çLrqr djuk ;gvFkZghu fØ;k gksxhAewyHkwr rÙo ç.kkyh ds ekxZn'kZd
fl)kar ds çdk'k esa gksus okyh çR;{kdk;Zokgh ds ek/;e ls ;kstuk vFkok
dk;ZØe ;s [kqyrh tkus okyh ckrsa gSA,slk gksus ls çk;ksfxd vuqHkoksa dsvkèkkj ij lq/kkj gksrs&gksrs ;g çfØ;kfl) gksrh gSA
Mk- ,e-th- cksdjs }kjk fyf[kr^fganw bd‚u‚feDl* bl iqLrd dh ^dksokfnl* uked foLr`r çLrkouk esanÙkksiar th us vkfFkZd {ks= esa ls fganwçfreku dh ik'pkR; çfreku ds lkFkrqyuk djrs la{ksi esa foospu fd;kgSA9 fganw çfreku ds os fopkj gh vkidksvfHkçsr gSaA
Jhxq#th us lu 1972 esa Bk.ks'kgj esa fd;s mn~cks/ku esa ls vkfFkZdfodkl ds dqN çeq[k lw= mBkdjvkius mudk foospu fd;kA10
1- lHkh ukxfjdk s a dh e wyHk wrvko';drkvks a dh iwfrZ gksuhpkfg,A11
[kkukcan [kafMr fopkj ,dkRe fopkj
vius gd&vf/kdkjksa ij vkSj nwljksa ds viuh drZO;ç/kkurk ls nwljksa dsdrZO; ij cy nsus okyh ekufldrk gd&vf/kdkjksa dk Hkku
ekuo ewyr% dsoy tMewyd çk.kh ekuo 'kkfjfjd&ekufld&ckSf)d&pSrU;;qä çk.kh
lekt ;g Lodsaæh ekuolewg O;fä ;s lekt 'kjhj ds vax çR;ax ¼vaxkaxh Hkko½
O;fä] lekt ,oa ç—fr buds chp fujarj O;fä] lekt ,oa ç—fr buds chp lkeatL;la?k"kZ
ç—fr dk vfucaZ/k 'kks"k.k ekr:i ç—fr dk nksgu
Lo;a ds lq[kksa dk gh fopkj lHkh ds lq[kksa dk fopkj
vFkZ ,oa dke ij cy ,oa muds o'khHkwr gksuk /keZ] vFkZ] dke] eks{k bl iq#"kkFkZ prq"Vî gsrq ç;kljr
dekrs jgus dh fyIlk vifjxzg
—f=e vHkko fuekZ.k dj ykHk çofÙk mRikn cgqyrk
yxkrkj c<rh dherksa dh vFkZO;oLFkk dherksa dks fLFkj ,oa lhfer j[kus dk ç;kl
lcdqN equkQk dekus gsrw lsok çsj.kk ç/kku
miHkksx vFkok miHkksäkokn dks c<kok la;fer miHkksx
vusd gFkdaMs viukdj mRikn] forj.k] ctkj esa vuqfpr gLr{ksi u djrs lgh eqäLi/kkZO;kikj buesa ,dkf/kdkj dk ç;kl
ukSdjh dsafær vFkZfopkj Lo;ajkstxkj dsafær vFkZfopkj
ijk/khu Jfedksa dh la[;k esa yxkrkj of) Lojkstxkjiw.kZ fo'odekZ la[;k eas yxkrkj of)
yxkrkj c<rh fo"kerk lerk dh fn'kk eas ekxZØe.k
nqcZy oxZ dk 'kks"k.k vaR;ksn;
tUe'krkCnh
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Lons'kh if=dk &
2- laifÙk ,oa vk; lekt ds leFkZuls gh çkIr gksrs gSa rFkk O;fäxrlap; dh lhek gksuh pkfg,Anwljksa ds Jeksa ls ykHk çkIr djusdh NwV dgha u gksA
3- xjhch vkSj csjkstxkjh ds i"BHkwfeij laifÙk dk f?kukSuk çn'kZu vkSjvfucaZ/k O;; ds Åij leqfprcaèku gksuk pkfg,A vfrHkksxokndks fganw laL—fr esa LFkku ughaA
4- vf/kdre mRikn] leqfpr forj.k,oa la;fer miHkksx dh vksj c<+rsjk"Vªh; Lokoyacu lk/; djukpkfg,A
5- csjkstxkjh vkSj v/kZjkstxkjh buleL;kvk s a dk s ;q)Lrj ijlqy>kuk pkfg,A
6- vkS|ksfxdhdj.k gks] fQj Hkh if'pedk va/kkuqdj.k fd;k u tk,Açdfr ds larqyu dks fuHkk, j[krs]'kks"k.k u djrs] nksgu djuk pkfg,A
7- iw¡th ç/kku m|ksxksa dh vis{kk Jeçèkku m|ksxksa ij cy nsuk pkfg,A
8- vius ra=fonksa us vius dkjhxjksadh {kerk ,oa mRiknksa dk ntkZc<+s] ,sls leqfpr ¼Appropriate½ra=Kku dh [kk st dj mlsfodflr djuk pkfg,A mlekè;e }kjk mRiknksa dk ?kjsywm|ksxksa rd fodsaæhdj.k gksA
9- vFkZlkekftd jpuk esa ge leqfprifjorZu dj ldrs gSa] ysfdu os/keZ ds vk/kkj ij gksaA ¼/keZ ;kfulekt /kkj.kk ,oa mUu;u dsfu;e] dsoy mikluk i)fr ;kdeZdk.M ugha½
10- ekufldrk esa tc rd ifjorZuugha gksrk] rc rd lekt jpukesa gksus okys ifjorZu Qynk;hugh gksaxsA jpuk djus okys]lapkyu djus okys O;fä ftrusvPNs gksaxs] ml ek=k esa vPNkdke ml jpuk }kjk gksxkA
11- O;fä vkSj lekt buds fgr lacaèk,d nwljs ds fojks/kh ugha gksrs] osvaxkaxh Hkko ls] leUo; j[krspysa] ;gh viuh /kkj.kk gSA
fodkl dh çfØ;k djrs pyrsewY; rFkk çsj.kk dk fopkj egRoiw.kZgksrk gSA ml laca/k esa vki dgrs gSa]ÞO;fäxr fodkl çsj.kk dks nsus okyhH kk S frd ,o a vHkk S frd e wY;k s adhleUo;kRed O;oLFkk Hkkjrh; laLdfrus fodflr dh gSA ;g rks loZKkr ghgS] fd vFkZ vkSj dke bu HkkSfrd ewY;ksadk /keZ rFkk eks{k bu vHkkSfrd ewY;ksads@mfí"Vksa ds lkFk lgt lw{erk lslaxe djk fn;k gSA HkkSfrdrk gsrqvkxzgh Hkh u jgs vFkok mls nqyZf{krHkh ugha fd;kA
blds QyLo:i gksus okyhçsj.kk,¡ Hkh nks çdkj dh Fkh & HkkSfrdrFkk vHkkSfrdA HkkSfrd ykHk vkSjlq[kksiHkksx rFkk vHkkSfrd ewY;ksa ijvkèkkfjr lkekftd ekU;rk ,oaçfr"BkA gj ,d nksuksa esa ls fdlh ,ddk leFkZu dj ldrk FkkA 'krZ ,dgh Fkh] fd lq[kksiHkksx ,oa lkekftdçfr"Bk budh ek=k O;Lr gksxhAlkekftd çfr"Bk vxj Å¡ph gks] rksmiHkksx dh d{kk lhfer gksxh rFkkmiHkksx dh ifjf/k fo'kky gksxh] rclkekftd çfr"Bk fuEu Lrj ij gksxhA;k ,slk dgk tk,] fd lekt esa ifjiw.kZlerk gksxhA blds ekus ;gh] fdlkekftd çfr"Bk vkSj miHkksx bunksuksa dks feydj gj ,d ds fy,fgLlk leku gh gksxkA muesa HkkSfrdlq[kksiHkksx vkSj lkekftd çfr"Bk bu?kVdk s a dh ek=k gj ,d dhLosPNkuqlkj de&T;knk gksxhAß12
fodkl çfØ;k ds varxZr ra=Kku dk cMk egRo gSA bl –f"V ls
vkSj Je {ks= esa bl laca/k esa yxkrkjvkxs vkus okys eqíksa ds QyLo:i blfo"k; dk vkius lE;d çfriknufd;kA dqN egRoiw.kZ fcanw13&1- ijaijkxr ra=Kku] ns'k esa fodflr
gks jgk ra= Kku rFkk fons'k esafodflr gksdj bl ns'k esa vkjgk ra= Kku budk v/;;u djrs]tks mfpr gks] mlh dks geas Lohdkjdjuk pkfg,A
2- ml –f"V ls jk"Vªh; ra= Kkuuhfr fuf'pr djuh gksxhA mlesaçeq[k fud"k fuEukuqlkj gks%
2-1 ra=Kku viuh ifjfLFkfr dsvuq:i ;kus leqfpr ¼Appropri-
ate½ gksuk pkfg,A2-2 xq.koÙkkiw.kZ Je ç/kku ra=ksa dks
çèkkurkA2-3 mRiknks a ds fodsaæhdj.k gsrq
mi;ksxh ra= ds çkFkfedrkA2-4 laHko gks ogk¡ rd ikjaikfjd ra=ksa
dk mUu;u rFkk ç;ksxA ikjaifjd,oa Lons'kh ra= Kku dks ç/kkurkA
3- fons'kh 'kklu vkSj daifu;ksa dksra= Kku ds ek/;e ls ,dkfèkdkju çkIr gks rFkk mlls lk/kkj.km|kstd vkSj xzkgd budk 'kks"k.ku gksA
4- i;kZoj.k dks gkfu igq¡pkus okysra= ij vko';drk fn[kkbZ nsusij ;Fkk mfpr fucaZ/k ;k ikcUnhA
5- ra= Kku ikyd dh ¼Techno-
logical Ombudsman½ jk"Vªh; Lrjij fu;qfäA
6- ra=Kku lkjh nqfu;k esa fofHkUu{ks=ksa esa fujarj fodflr gksrk ghjgrk gSA mls fQj ls fodflrdjus dh vko';drk ughaA u;sra= Kku vuqeku yxkrs mldsckjs esa viuh uhfr;k¡ adopt ¼viuhi)fr esa ifjorZu u djrs] tksra= lh/ks&lh/ks vius fy, mi;ksxhgks] mldk oSls gh Lohdkj fd;k
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Lons'kh if=dk &
tk,A½] adapt ¼viuh i)fr dsfy, mlesa mfpr ifjorZu djrsç;qä gks lds ,slk ra= ifjofrZr:i esa ç;qä fd;k tk,½] reject
¼tks ra= viuh i)fr ds fy,vFkok vkerkSj ij gkfudkjd gks]mldks Lohdkj u fd;k tk,A½]develop ¼tks ra= miyC/k ugha;k fn;k ugha tk jgk] mls Lo;afodflr djsaA½ bl çdkj gksA
1- vFkZO;ogkj esa —f"k dks mfprçèkkurk nsuh pkfg,A
2- m|ksx {ks= dks nh tk jgh lgqyrsa—f"k {ks= dks nsuh pkfg,A
3- vuqnku —f"k fufof"V;ksa ds ¼in-
puts like seeds, fertilizers½mRikndksa dks vFkok vkiwfrZ djusokyksa dks u nsrs lh/ks fdlkuksa dksnsuk pkfg,A
4- ,d iapo"khZ; ;kstuk fo'ks"k :ils —f"k dks gh lefiZr gksuhpkfg,A —f"k esa fd;k fuos'k]flapu] fufof"V;k¡] ra= Kku]eaMh&cktkj vkSj lkFk gh Hk.Mkjçca/k] çR;{k [ksrh djus okysd"kdksa dh lokaZxh.k çxfr rFkkO;oLFkkiu ds vU; igyw vkfnleL;kvksa ls lcaf/kr uhfr;k¡]dkuwuksa esa vko';d ifjorZu] [ksrhds fy, çR;{k O;;] —f"k ,oaxzkeh.k vFkZO;ogkj esa lqxerk]—f"k dk s ç/kkurk nsu s dhekufldrk bl lanHkZ esa vkSj lHkhvksj ls vko';d vkSj le;c)ç;kl gksus pkfg,A
5- —f"k mRiknksa dk O;; ij vkèkkfjrewY; fu/kkZj.k djrs le; /kuhd`"kd ds vkSj mlds ifjokjlnL;ksa ds Je O;oLFkkid rFkkçR;{k d"Vdjh ds :i esa O;;¼cost½ esa fxus tk,¡A14
6- —f"k mRiknksa dk ewY; rFkk m|ksxksa}kjk mRikfnr phtksa dk ewY;bu ds cht lkeatL; gksukpkfg,A ¼Terms of Trade½15
7- H k k jr h; fdlku l a ? k dkekxZØe.k ^iwjs xk¡o dk ,difjokj* bl :i esa gksxkA oxZla?k"kZ esa ge fo'okl ugha djrs]og xSj ykxw gSA 'kklu lc dqNdjsxk o mlh esa ls ns'k dh çxfrgksxh] ;g lgh ughaA yksd'kfäesa fo'okl djrs gSa] tks jkt'kfädks Hkh fu;a=.k esa j[ksxhA16
m|ksxksa ds laca/k esa] jk"Vª dkvkS|ksxhdj.k gks] ,slh vkidh /kkj.kk Fkh]ysfdu ikf'pekR;ksa dk va/kkuqdj.k udjrs viuh vko';drk ds vuqlkj rFkkviuh ç.kkyh ds vuqlkj og gks] bldsfy, vki vkxzgh FksA dqN çeq[k lw=%1- Hkkjrh; etnwj la?k dh Þjk"Vª dk
vk S|k sxhdj.k ] m|k sx k s a dkJfedhdj.k rFkk Jfedksa dkjk"Vªh;hdj.k ¼^jk"Vªfgr loksZifj*bl /kkj.kk ls dke½ß vkfnmn~?kks"kksa }kjk vkS|ksfxd uhfr dkifjp; gksrk gSA
2- cMs m|ksxksa dk ?kjsyw m;ksxksa esavf/kdkf/kd fodsaæhdj.kA
3- leqfpr ra=Kku ,oa i;kZoj.klqj{kkA
4- m|ksxksa ds LokfeRo ds laca/k esaO;kogkfjd Hkwfedk gksA jk"Vªfgr,oa m|ksx dh vko';drk dsvuqlkj os 'kkldh;] lgdkjh]LFkkuh; LojkT; laLFkkvksa ds]futh] la;qä LokfeRo ¼'kkldh;rFkk futh½ gks ldrs gSaA
5- vkius väwcj 1968 esa mRikn uhfr]mRikn'kqYd uhfr] ewY;uhfr ,oaosru uhfr vkfn dk lekos'k gksusokyh ,dkfRed vkfFkZd uhfr dhekax dhA17
6- m|ksxksa dks fuos'k rFkk foÙkh;cy miyC/k djkus okys c¡d {ks=dks ysdj] ogk¡ ds <hys dkjksckjdks ns[krs gq, vçSy 1971 esa gh^Lok;Ùk foÙkh; fuxe* LFkkfirdjus dk lq>ko fn;k FkkA18 c¡DlcksMZ C;wjks* ;g Lok;Ùk laLFkkljdkjh c¡dksa ds O;oLFkkiu esalq/kkj djus vc Qjojh 2016 esaLFkkfir dh xbZ gSA
Hkkjrh; etnwj la?k dks feyhlQyrk gh lkfcr djk nsrh gS fdHkkjr esa jk"Vªoknh Je vkanksyu fons'khfopkj ç.kkyh dk Lohdkj u djrs HkhlQy gks ldrk gSA
Hkkjrh; etnwj la?k dh fnukad23 tqykbZ 1955 ds fnu gqbZ LFkkiukcSBd esa gh nÙkksiar th us vf/k"Bku dsewyfcanw ¼10½ ?kksf"kr fd;sA19 muesa lsdqN%1- jk"Vªfgr] m|ksxfgr loksZifj] mUgh
esa etnwj fgr lfEefyrA2- xSjjktuhfrd etnwj laxBu]
etnwjksa dk&etnwjksa }kjk&etnwjksads fgr esa] nyh; jktuhfr ls nwjA
3- H kkjrh; vFk Z fp aru laL—frvkèkkfjrA
4- 'kks"k.keqä] U;k;;qä] lejllekt jpukA
5- 'kksf"kr] ihfMr] misf{kr] nfyrvkfn ds mUu;ugsrq fu"BkiwoZddk;ZAnÙkksiar th us Jeuhfr fo'kn
djrs rFkk dk;ZdrkZvksa dk çcks/ku djrsetnwjksa ls lh/kk laca/k gksus okys fo"k;ksaij gh dsoy u lksprs gq, lexzvFkZO;ogkj ,oa lewps jk"Vª thou dkfparu fd;kA1- dE;qfuLVksa ds ^lHkh m|ksxksa dk
jk"Vªh;hdj.k gks* bl mn~?kks"k dkHkkjrh; etnwj la?k us Þjk"Vª dkvk S|k sxhdj.k ] m|k sx k s a dk
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Lons'kh if=dk &
Jfedhdj.k rFkk Jfedksa dkjk"Vªh;hdj.k ¼^jk"Vªfgr loksZifj*bl /kkj.kk ls dke½ß vkfnmn~?kks"kksa }kjk leqfpr mÙkj fn;kA
2- dE;qfuLVksa ds ^pkgs tks etcwjhgks] gekjh ek¡xs iwjh gks* bl ukjsdk Hkkjrh; etnwj la?k us^jk"Vªfgr esa djsaxs dke] dke dkysaxs iwjs nke* ,slk tckc fn;kA
3- xjhch vkSj csjkstxkjh ls eqfägsrq vkius fuos'k ç/kku vFkZjpukdh txg Je ç/kku vFkZjpukdh ek¡x dhA blls Hkkjrh;etnwj la?k ds mfí"Vksa ds lHkhigyqvksa dh vfHkO;fä gks xbZA
4- dk;Z{kerk ,oa mRikndrk budkegÙo rks gksxk ghA fdUrq mlhds lkFk jkstxkjh dks Hkh cuk,j[kus dne mBkus gksaxsA
5- Je dks gh iw¡th ekurs etnwjksa dsdke dk mfpr ewY;ekiu] equkQsesa fgLlk vkSj lkFk gh O;oLFkkiuvkSj LokfeRo es a lgHkkx Hkhfuf'pr djuk pkfg,-
6- mRiknu çfØ;k }kjk curs tkjgs ewY;kf/kD; ij ¼Surplus
Value½ jk"Vª dk vf/kdkj gksukpkfg,A /kuh vkSj etnwj ;s dsoyvius gh Hkys esa mls ncksp u ysA
oSls ns[kk tk,] rks oS'ohdj.k;g viuh laL—fr dk] bfrgkl dkrFkk fojklr dk vfoHkkT; vax gSAviuk –f"Vdks.k gh ,d&nwljs ds Hkysdk] Kku çlkj.k }kjk mUu;u dkFkkA rHkh rks ^olq/kSo dqVqEcde~* tSlkviuk vkpj.k gqvkA
fo|eku oS'ohdj.k lkezkT;oknhyksHk dk] ywV&Qlkn dk] 'kks"k.k dkçrhd ,oa lk/ku cuk gqvk gSA mlesa;sudsu çdkjs.k eaMh esa ,dkf/kdkj çkIrgks rFkk ges'kk&ges'kk ds fy, viuhvk; c<+rh jgs] ,slk dqN gks jgk gSA
,slh voLFkk esa ls vkxs c<+us dsfy, ^Lons'kh* ;g lw= rFkk nf{k.kxksykèkZ ds ns'kksa dk vkil esa lgdkjbuds ek/;e ls vkxs c<uk gksxkA;wuks dh O;oLFkkvksa dks 'kfä'kkyhcukus ls vU;k;dkjh jpukvks¡ ijfu;a=.k j[kuk 'kk;n laHko gksxkAmlh le; fdlh ds Hkh ncko esa vkdjjk"Vªfgr dks ck/kk u igq¡psA19
fo'o O;kikj laxBu dk fojks/kblfy,] fd og vfodflr vkSjfodkl'khy ns'kksa ds 'kks"k.k dk lk/kucuk gqvk gSA oSf'od Lrj ij O;kikjgsrq fu;e rks gksus gh pkfg,] fdUrq ;slHkh ns'kksa dks U;k; nsus okys] xSj t#jhtcjnLrh u djus okys vkSj lHkh dsfy, leku gksus pkfg,A oSls os u gksusls bl laxBu dk fojks/k gksxkA
^Lons'kh ;kus ns'kHkfä dh lkdkjvfHkO;fä* ,slh lqxe lqyHk vkSj lHkhdks Hkkus okyh ifjHkk"kk nÙkksiar th uscuk nhA ml lanHkZ esa vkius ;g Hkh[kqydj crk;k fd ns'kHkfä ;kus vU;ns'kkas ls ihB Qsjuk ,slk ugha] cfYd,dkReekuo n'kZu ds lw= ds vuqlkjlewph ekuotkfr esa ,d gh psrukAbl vk/kkj ij lerk ,oa lEeku dkscuk, j[krs varjk"Vªh; lg;ksx ds fy,ge ges'kk gh çLrqr gksaxsA
Lons'kh dh ladYiuk flQZ dqN
phtksa rd gh lhfer u gksdj ogjk"Vªthou ds lHkh {ks=ksa dks O;kirh gSvkSj jk"Vª dh lqj{kk] jk"Vª dk LokfHkeku]jk"Vªh; Lokoyacu] Lons'kh ra=Kku]fofHkUu LFkkuh; vkfo"dkj] mPplkaLdfrd ewY;ksa dh çR;{k vfHkO;fävkfn }kjk çxV gksrh gSA20
Lons'kh vkfFkZd uhfr ds laca/k esavkius fuEu fcanqvksa ij cy fn;k&1- ewY;k/kkfjr Li/kkZ ,oa lgdkj2- vkfFkZd lerk vkSj voljA3- ç—fr dk 'kks"k.k ugha rks nksgu4- flQZ osruHkksxh jkstxkj ugha] rks
Lo;ajkstxkj blds O;frfjäle;≤ ij vkius ;s Hkh lw=çfrikfnr fd;sA
5- vius fodkl dk çfreku] viuhvFkZuhfr ;s viuh laL—fr ds]vius lekt thou ds vuq:igk s ] t Sl s ifjokj O;oLFkk ]uhfr'kkL=] la;fer miHkksx]i;kZoj.k Lusg] vdk;Z'khy ¼ckyd]o`)] fodykax½ yksxksa dh lq[klqfoèkk] cpr] fods aæhdj.k&dsaæhdj.k esa larqyuA
6- leqfpr ra=Kku7- jk"Vªh; Lokoyacu8- ewyHkwr vko';drkvksa dh iwfrZ &
vUu] oL=] fuokl] f'k{kk] LokLF;9- dsoy vkfFkZd ugha] vU; vukfFkZd
çsj.kkvks¡ dk Hkh egRo10- vaR;ksn;
Lons'kh dh ladYiuk flQZ dqN phtksa rd gh lhfer ugksdj og jk"Vªthou ds lHkh {ks=ksa dks O;kirh gS vkSjjk"Vª dh lqj{kk] jk"Vª dk LokfHkeku] jk"Vªh; Lokoyacu]
Lons'kh ra=Kku] fofHkUu LFkkuh; vkfo"dkj] mPplkaLd`frd ewY;ksa dh çR;{k vfHkO;fä vkfn }kjk çxV
gksrh gSA
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Lons'kh if=dk &
1- jk"Vªfgr ds fy, lokZf/kd fudV;g xzkgd fgr gh gS ,slk nÙkksiarth us cy nsdj dgkA
2- lewps vFkZO;ogkj ds varxZr xzkgdksadk fgr rFkk lgHkkx bu ijmfpr fparu gksuk pkfg, vkSjl a H ko gk s ogk ¡ x z kgdk s a d sçfrfufèk;ksa dks LFkku nsuk pkfg,A
3- foØ; gksu okyh gj ,d phtij foØ; ewY; Nik tk, vkSjmlh ds lkFk mRikn esa fdrukO;; gqvk ;g Hkh ?kksf"kr gks] ,slhek¡x cMs+ gh vkxzgiwoZd vkiusv-Hkk- xzkgd iapk;r rFkk Lons'khtkxj.k eap ds ek/;e }kjk dhAmlls ns'k esa ls mRiknd vkSjO;kikjh ox Z e s a gk su s oky sequkQs[kksjksa ij dqN jksd yxsxhA;gh fu;e fons'kh phtksa ij dhykxw fd;s tk,¡A21
4- daifu;ksa ds d‚LV v‚fMV fjiksVZ*Hkh çdkf'kr fd;s tk,¡] ,slhvkius ek¡x dhA22
dE;qfut+e dh gkj ds mijkarvkSj iw¡thokn dh Hkh v/kksxfr gksus dsi'pkr vc vefjdk ds lkFk lHkh ns'kksaesa ^rhljs fodYi* Hkh [kkst vkjaHk gqbZgSA ihVj Mªdj] i‚y lWE;vylu] vkfnfopkjdksa ds çxV oäO;ksa esa] Hkys lko/kkuh ls fd, gks] mUgsa iw¡thokn ds vVyfouk'k dh [kkbZ fn[kkbZ nsus yxh FkhA
nÙkksiar th dgrs gS] gesa vfHkçsrgksus okyk Hkfo";dkyhu uewuk &rhljkekxZ&Hkwrdky ds vk/kkj ij] orZekudh vko';drkvksa dk Hkku j[krs rFkkHkfo";dkyhu vkdka{kkvksa dh vksj è;kunsrs] lkdkj djuk vko';d gSA
fuR;] vifjorZuh;] oSf'od lw=ksads çdk'k esa yxkrkj cnyrh tk jghlkekftd] vkfFkZd O;oLFkkvks a dh
jpuk ;g fganw thou –f"V dks vfHkçsrgksus okyh çfØ;k dk xkHkk gSA mlhls Åij vkjaHk esa mYysf[kr mUurjk"V ªh; le> fuekZ.k djus dhvko';drk gh viuh ijEijkiwr fganwthouewY;ks a dh vksj viuk /;kuvkdf"kZr djrh gSA lekt ds lkaLdfrdLoÙo ds lkFk esy u gksus okys fodklds fdlh Hkh fodYi dh /kkjk lektds fy, ykHknk;d ugha gksrhAß23
Þrhljs fodYi ds fy, ekuo tkfrdk vkØks'k & vkt if'peh fopkjO;wgksa dh n;uh; vlQyrk ds i'pkrva/ksjs esa yM+[kM+krh nqfu;k dk usr`Rodjus fu;fr us Hkkjr ls vkokgu fd;kgSA ^rhljk fodYi* ,slk funsZ'k gksusokys fodYi ds fy, ekuotkfr lsvkØks'k gks jgk gSA okLro esa ogh tks,dek= fodYi gSA ,slk rhljk fodYinsus dk uSfrd mÙkjnkf;Ro Hkkjr dkgSA jk"Vªh; iqufuZekZ.k ds /;s; lk/;djds lefiZr gksus okys jk"VªHkäksa dklewg gh bl dke ds fy, ;ksX; gSAog ^uwru lexz oSf'od –f"Vdks.k*¼Weltanschauung½ cukus esa lw=dkjdh Hkwfedk fuHkk,xkßA24
vkt ds tekus esa ^,dkRe ekuon'kZu* ;gh og rhljk vFkok ,desofodYi gS] ,slh vkidh /kkj.kk FkhA
nÙkksiar th us vFkZO;ogkj dsigyqvksa ij dkQh dqN fy[kk gS rFkkvH;kl oxksaZ esa ekxZn'kZu fd;k gSAmlesa ls dqN egRoiw.kZ fopkj geus;gh ik;sA Lokeh foosdkuan us] if'pehns'kksa esa bl osnkUr dk çfriknu djrsle; mls O;kogkfjd osnkUr ¼Practi-
cal Vedant½ bl :i esa j[kkA nÙkksiarth us Hkh blh çdkj dh ikfjHkk"kk dkç;ksx djrs 'kkL= ¼Science½ rFkkmi;ksftr 'kkL= ¼Applied Science½bu 'kCnksa dk ç;ksx fd;k gSA vkius
tks dqN Hkh çfrikfnr fd;k gS] oglukru /keZ] ,dkReekuo n'kZu vFkoklexz fopkjksa dk ifjçs{; vkfn dsçdk'k esa gekjs le{k j[kk gSA
Jhx q#th v k S j nhun;kymikè;k; ds fopkjksa ds çfr/ofu] foLrkj,oa fo'knhdj.k rFkk budk n'kZuvkids fopkjksa esa ik;k tkrk gS] ijlkFk gh vk/kqfud ifjfLFkfr] mnk]oS'ohdj.k] f'kfFkyhdj.k ¼Liberaliza-
tion½ vkfn ds fy, vko';d gksusokyk uoekxZn'kZu Hkh vkius fd;kAvki Lo;a fdrus gh laxBuks a dklapkyu fd;k djrs Fk s] ftllsfopkj&çfriknu djrs le; mulaxBuksa esa ls rFkk ml {ks= esa lsçR;; vuqHkoksa ds vk/kkj ij vkiusfd;k fopkj&çdVu O;kogkfjd gqvkdjrk FkkA mlds QyLo:i rRo ,oaO;ogkj bldk mfpr lEehyu djkusokyk Å¡ph Js.kh dk fopkjd rFkkletkf'kYih ,slk vkidk fo'ks"k LFkkuFkkA
1 - nÙkksiar BsaxMh thou n'kZu [k.M 3 la-vej uk/k Mksxzk] lq#fpçdk'ku] ubZ fnYyh] 2015] i‘B19
2 - frl&;k i;kZ;kdMs nÙkksiar BsaxMh ;kaP;k THIRD WAY ;k
xzaFkkpk vuqltZu&:ica/k vuqltZd% M‚- ckiw dsanwjdj] eksj;kçdk'ku] Mksafcoyh] 1998] i‘-297
3 - THIRD WAY by Dattopant Thengdi] Second Edition bySahitya Sindhu Prakashan] Bengaluru] e&Book p-36
4 - lanHkZ 3] i‘B 675 - lanHkZ 2] i‘B 2806 - lanHkZ 2] i‘B 2937 - lanHkZ 2] i‘-2898 - lanHkZ 2] i‘B 6& Hkkuqçrki 'kqDy ;kaP;k çLrkousrwu9 - lanHkZ 3] i‘B 7910- Future of Parliamentary System in India by D-B-Thengadi]
Akhil Bhartiya Adhivakta Parishad] 1997] p-46&4811- lanHkZ 2] i‘B 2312- lanHkZ 2] i‘B 2513- lanHkZ 3] i‘B 8614- lanHkZ 1] [k.M 8] i‘B1815- lanHkZ 1] [k.M 8] i‘B 1916- lanHkZ 1] [k.M 8] i‘B 5617- lanHkZ 1] [k.M 2] i‘B 618- lanHkZ 1] [k.M 4] i‘B 6219- lanHkZ 1] [k.M 1] i‘B 10520- lanHkZ 3] i‘B 17621- lanHkZ 3] i‘B 6022- lanHkZ 3] i‘B 6023- lanHkZ 2] i‘B 4624- lanHkZ 2] i‘B 279
eqacbZ 9969069492] auraent@gmail-com,fn-10-11-2019 ¼ek-nÙkksiar BsaxMh tUe'krh vkjaHk½] ewy ejkBh] fganh
vuqokn ckG—".k Hkkxor ¼9820162924½
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Lons'kh if=dk &
okLro esa ;g ekuuk Hkwy gS fd Lons'kh dk fopkj oLrqvksa vkSjO;olkf;d lsokvksa ls tqM+h vo/kkj.kk ek= gSA Lons'kh dk vFkZ gS ns'kdks vkRefuHkZj cukus dh çcy HkkoukA jk"Vª dh lkoZHkkSfedrk vkSjLora=rk dh j{kk dh Hkkouk Hkh Lons'kh dh vo/kkj.kk gSA lekurk dsvk/kkj ij varjkZ"Vªh; lg;ksx çkIr djukA ns'kokfl;ksa ds vkRefo'oklvkSj LokfHkeku dks Åij mBkukA nSfud thou] lkekftd ,oa jk"Vªh;thou esa lHkh dk;ksaZ esa Lons'kh ds n'kZu djuk vkSj ns'kHkfä dk Hkkotu&tu esa tkxr djukA tkiku ds yksxksa }kjk Lons'kh dks O;ogkjesa ykus ls muds vanj ns'kHkfä dk Hkko Lor% çdV gks tkrk gSAmnkgj.k ds fy;s] tkiku dqN o"kksaZ igys dSfyQksfuZ;k ds çHkko esaFkkA vesfjdk us tkiku dh ef.M;ksa dks vesfjdu larjksa ls Hkj fn;k]
fdUrq tkikuh efgykvksa dks larjs vR;f/kd ilUn gksrs gq, Hkh iwjs tkiku ns'kokfl;ksa us,d Hkh vesfjdu larjk ugha [kjhnk vkSj bl rjg vesfjdk dh nwljs ns'kksa esa tcju viuseky dh [kir djokus dh ekufldrk ij tkikfu;ksa us viuh ns'kHkfä ls djkjk çgkjfd;kA xzsV fczVsu dh egkjkuh us teZuh dh dkj [kjhnus dh lksph fdUrq fczfV'k turkus fojks/k fd;k] ftlds ifj.kkeLo:i mUgsa Lons'kh fczVsu dh dkj [kjhnuh iM+hA
fo;ruke ds jk"Vªifr phfeà ds Hkkjr esa vkxeu ij muds iSaV ij fd;k x;k jQw¼Åij ls dh xbZ flykbZ½ fefM;k dh utjksa ls ugha fNi ldh vkSj mUgksaus ,slh iqjkuhiSaV iguus dk dkj.k iwNk rks mudk tcko Fkk& *esjk ns'k dsoy bruk gh vQksMZ¼miyCèk½ djk ldrk gSA* ;g O;ogkfjd n'kZu gSA xksy est lEesyu esa ok;ljk; dslkFk xka/khth us uhacw ikuh esa viuh tsc ls ued dh iqfM;k fudky dj Mkyh vkSj dgk*vkids ued dkuwu dk mYya?ku djds eSusa tks ued cuk;k Fkk] og ued gh eSa blesaMky jgk gw¡A* ;g Lons'khxr O;ogkj gSA
vktknh ds vkanksyu ds le; 1865&66 esa dydŸkk ds ns'kHkä 'kke ds pk;ikuds le; jsLrjka esa *fczfV'k iqfMax* [kkrs Fks fdUrq tc mUgksaus fons'kh iqfMax [kkuk can djfn;k rc jsLrjka ds ekfyd us Nsus ls igyh ckj jlxqYyk cuk fn;kA jlxqYyk loZekU;gks x;k rFkk Lons'kh [kk| oLrqvksa ds :iesa Nsus dh dbZ vU; oLrq,¡ cuus yxh vkSjO;ogkj esa mi;ksxh cu xbZA
Hkk"kk esa Lons'kh mi;ksx Hkh LokfHkeku o ns'kHkfä dh iqf"V djrk gSA ;g HkkoLokra=; ohj lkojdj us çdV fd;k tc M‚- vkIVs ds ?kj x;s vkSj M‚- vkIVs us viuhiRuh dk ifjp; djokrs gq, dgk & ;g esjh okbQ gSA bl ij lkojdj th us g¡ldjdgk] rqEgkjh viuh Hkk"kk esa vaxzsth 'kCn *okbQ* ds fy;s dksbZ 'kCn ugha gS D;k\ rc M‚-vkIVs us lq/kkj fd;k vkSj **iRuh** 'kCn dk ç;ksx djrs gq, ifjp; fn;kA
fons'kh Hkk"kk ls Lons'kh dk Hkko lekIr gks tkrk gSA blh dkj.k vjch laL—fr dkçHkko rqdhZ laL—fr ij gksus ls jksdus ds fy;s] vjch Hkk"kk esa fy[kh x;h dqjku dks] rqdhZHkk"kk esa vuqokn djok;k x;k vkSj rqdhZ dh lHkh efLtnksa esa rqdhZ Hkk"kk esa dqjku i<+kx;kA bl dkj.k nksuksa er ds yksxksa ds chp bruk la?k"kZ gqvk fd bLrkEcqy dh lM+dksa
jk"Vª_f"k nrksiar BsaxM+h% Lons’kh voèkkj.kktUe'krkCnh
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Lons'kh if=dk &
ij [kwu cgus yxk] fdUrq viusLons'khdj.k ds QSlys ij fgEer lsMVs jgs] bl çdkj mUgksaus /keZxzUFkdqjku dk Hkh Lons'khdj.k dj fn;kA
phu vkSj dksfj;k dh ljdkjksa usekbZdy tSDlu dks vius ns'k vkusdh vuqefr ugha nh D;ksafd mUgksaus ;gekuk fd mldk çn'kZu muds ns'k dhlaL—fr ij geys dh rjg gksxkA ;glaL—fr vkSj fopkj/kkjk dk Lons'khdj.kgS\ Lons'kh dsoy vkfFkZdrk ds eqíksard gh lhfer ugha gSA bu lclsÅij Lons'kh ns'k çse dh lkdkjvfHkO;fä gSA vk/kqfud le; es ans'kHkfä dks ladh.kZrk crkrs gq, lclsvyx&Fkyx jguk] vkblksys'ku dkfopkj crkrs gq, bls vUrjkZ"Vªh;okn;k Hkwe.Myhdj.k uke ns fn;k x;kgSA Hkkjr esa ok;ljk; ds ,fDtD;wfVodkmaLyj lj lh-ih- jkekLokeh v¸;jus dgk Fkk fd *varjkZ"Vªh;rkokn dsu;s ;qx esa gekjk y{; Lok/khurk ugha]ijLij fuHkZjrk gksuk pkfg;sA** blhrjg M‚- eueksgu flag us Hkwe.Myhdj.k¼XykscykbZts'ku½ o mnkjhdj.k dksvkèkqfudrk crk;kA
Hkkjrh; jk"Vªoknh ;k ns'kHkävUrjkZ"Vªh;rkokn ds f[kykQ ugha gSAjk"Vªh; vkRefuHkZjrk dk vFkZ ;gdnkfi ugha gS fd varjkZ"Vh; lg;ksxdk fojks/k djukA vk/kqfuddhdj.kvius ns'k dh lH;rk vkSj laL—fr dsvuqdwy gksuk pkfg;sA ns'k ds lkaLdfrdewY;ksa ds lkFk mudh çxfr vkSj fodklds e‚My dh rkjrE;rk gksuh pkfg;sAif'peh laL—fr fodkl dk i;kZ; ughagSA vk/kqfud if'peh rduhdh vkSjvkfFkZd ç.kkyh gekjs tSls xSj&if'pehns'kks a ds vuqdwy ugha gSA fons'khlkaLdfrd vknku&çnku gksuk pkfg;sfdUrq fons'kh laL—fr dk va/kkuqdj.kugha gksuk pkfg;sA blh rjg fons'kksals dbZ {ks=ksa esa ysu&nsu djuk iM+sxk
fdUrq og cjkcjh ds Lrj ij gksukpkfg;sA le>kSrksa ds fu;eksa ds ukeij gekjk vkRe&leiZ.k djokdjysu&nsu djuk xyr gSA
lkezkT;oknh jk"Vªksa us vius Lora=fd;s tkus okys mifuos'k jk"Vªksa ds vkfFkZd'kks"k.k dh uhfr jpuk vkjEHk dj fn;kFkkA blds ifj.kkeLo:i vçSy] 1948esa *tujy ,xzhesUV v‚u VªsM ,.M VSfjQ*dh uhfr dk fuekZ.k gqvkA
vius v/khu mifuos'kksa ds 'kks"k.kls le`) Fks lkezkT;oknh ns'k Lora=rknsus ds i'pkr mudk 'kks"k.k djukeqf'dy FkkA vr% mudk fodkl djusds fy;s mu ns'kksa esa fuos'k ¼bUosLV½djus] mUgsa VsDuksy‚th nsus tSls cM+s&cM+sekud r; fd;s x;sA vkSj *xsV* tSlhuhfr;ksa vkSj MCY;wVhvks vkSj vkbZ-,e-,Q- tSlh Qf.Max laLFkk,¡ [kM+h djnh xbZA igys rks bu uhfr;ksa@le>kSrksads ek/;e ls viuh VeZ ~l ,.Md.Mh'kUl ds rgr xqIr ,ts.Mksa j[ksx;sA blds vUrxZr ,slh 'krsaZ j[kh xbZtks muds vkfFkZd fgrksa dks lk/kusokyh gksa fdUrq çR;{k rkSj ij turkds lkeus ugha yk;h tk;saA
ljdkj dks ns'kHkfä tSls ekufldladh.kZrk ds nk;js ls ckgj fudydjHkwe.Myhdj.k dh O;kid lksp dkviukus dk euksoSKkfud ncko cuk;ktkrk gSA ,sls esa gekjs vk/kqfudjktuhfrK bl vkfFkZd ysunsu ds ihNsgekjs ns'k ds lalk/kuksa dks fxjchj[kok;s tkus dh lkft'k ls vufHkKjgrs gSa vkSj MCY;wVhvks esa 'kkfey gkstkrs gSa vkSj xsV tSls le>kSrs Lohdkjdj ysrs gSaA xjhc turk bu lc fu;eksadkuwuksa ls vufHkK jgrh gS tcfdbafXy'k ,T;wdsVsM yksx Q‚jsu bUosLVesUVds fons'kh çpkj dks ,dek= lR; ekuysrs gSaA QyLo:i lHkh ns'koklh ;gekuus yxs gSa fd fons'kh rduhdh ,oafons'kh fuos'k ds fcuk Hkkjr dk fodkl
ugha gks ldrk vkSj fons'kh lH;rk vkSjlaL—fr dk vuqdj.k fd;s fcuk gevk/kqfud ugha cu ldrsA
ljdkj us turk dks vaèksjs esa j[kdjMCY;wVhvks esa Hkkjr dks 'kkfey djokfy;k vkSj fons'kh dEifu;ksa dks HkkjrQyus&Qwyus ds volj çnku fd;s rFkkbl çfrLi/kkZ esa Hkkjrh;ksa dks vius iSjksaij [kM+s ugha gksus fn;k x;kA fiNys70 o"kksaZ esa mUgsa vkRe&fuHkZj cuus dsvolj gh ugha fn;s x;sA okLro esagesa fons'kh rduhd ds fuos'k ijvkfJr jgus dh rFkk MCY;wVhvks dhlnL;rk xzg.k djus dh vko';drkugha gS] ;fn gesa vius çk—frd vkSjekuo lalk/kuksa dk mi;ksx djus fn;ktk;s vkSj vkRefuHkZj cuus ds rduhdhfuekZ.k ds volj çnku fd;s tk;saAblh Losn'kh Hkko dks tu&tu esa tkxrdjus ds fy;s 1991 esa Lons'kh tkxj.keap dh LFkkiuk dh xbZA
Lons'kh dk fopkj nsus okys dbZJs"B iq:"k gq, ftuesa ia- enu eksguekyoh; vkSj oklnqo cyoUr QM+dstSls Js"B iq:"k 'kkfey gSaA fdUrq Lons'khds fy;s çR;{k vkRecfynku djus okyk,d etnwj FkkA fons'kh baXyS.M dsdiM+ksa dh y‚jh fey ls ckgj vk jghFkh] mldks jksdus ds fy;s yksx mldslkeus ysV x;s iqfyl mudks gVk jghFkh ,sls esa ckcw xsuw y‚jh ds lkeusvk;k vkSj gVus ls bUdkj dj fn;kAxkM+h esa Hkkjrh; Mªkboj us xkM+h pykusls euk fd;k rks fczfV'k iqfyl v‚fQljus Lo;a xkM+h pyk;h vkSj ckcw xsuw ds'kjhj ij ls fons'kh diM+ksa dh y‚jhpykdj fudky nhA ckcw xsuw dk igykvkRe cfynku O;FkZ ugha tk;sxkA Lons'khtkxj.k eap }kjk muds cfynku dks**Lons'kh fnol** ds :i esa ;kn djrsgq,] fons'kh cgqjk"Vªh; dEifu;ksa dksns'k ls iwjh rjg fu"dkflr djus dky{; iwjk djuk gSA
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Lons'kh if=dk &
orZeku esa fdlh Hkh ns”k dh vFkZO;oLFkk ek= mlds Loa; ds dkjdksa ¼?kVdksa½ ls ghxfreku ugha gksrh gSA vfirq laiw.kZ fo”o esa gksus okyh ?kVukvksa ls fdlh Hkh ns”k dhvFkZO;oLFkk izHkkfor gksrh gSA Hkkjr dh vFkZO;oLFkk Hkh bl le; pagqrjQk pqukSfr;ksa lstq> jgh gSA foÙk ea=h lhrkje.k us Hkh Lohdkj fd;k gS fd Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk esa lqLrht#j gS ijUrq eanh dk Hk; ugha gSA
vFkZO;oLFkk dks ysdj Hkkjr dh fparkvksa ds chp oSf”od vFkZO;oLFkk dh Hkh fLFkfrT;knk Bhd ugha gSA oSf”od thMhih nj 3 izfr”kr gS] ;g xro’kZ dh vis{kk 0-6 izfr”krde gS tcfd O;kikj c‘f) nj 2018 ds 3-8 ds eqdkcys ?kV djds 1-1 gks xbZ gSA fo”oesa rst xfr ls vkxs c<rh Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk FkksM+h Fke lh xbZ gS tks fd vYidkyhugh dgh tk ldrh gSA flrEcj 2019 dks lekIr gqbZ frekgh esa thM+hih dh fodkl nj?kV dj 4-5 izfr”kr jg xbZ gSA ;g ekpZ 2013 ds ckn lcls lqLr xfr gSA ekpZ 2013esa fodkl nj 4-3 izfr”kr FkhA Hkkjr esa izR;sd {ks= esa oLrqvksa dh ekax de gks jgh gSA;g fLFkfr ,d {ks= esa gh ugha vifrq vf/kdrj {ks=ksa esa ns[kh tk jgh gSA futh miHkksxesa Hkh Hkkjh fxjkoV ns[kh tk jgh gSA ;g ldy ?kjsyw mRikn dk yxHkx 60 izfr”kr gSAM+kWyj ds eqdkcys #i;s dh dher tqykbZ 2015 esa 68-9 #i;s izfr M+kWyj Fkh tks fxjdj71-43 #i;s izfr M+kWyj jg xbZ gSA Hkkjr dh vFkZO;oLFkk yxHkx 2-9 fVªfy;u M+kWyj dhgS ftldks 5 fVªfy;u M+kWyj rd iagqpus ds fy, ns”k dh vFkZO;oLFkk dks djhc 8 izfr”krdh j¶rkj pkfg, ijUrq vHkh ;g mEEkhn ugha gS fd 2024&25 rd ns”k dks ikap fVªfy;uM+kWyj rd iagqpk;k tk ldsA
Hkkjr dh vFkZO;oLFkk ds lkeus gS cM+hpqukSfr;ka
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Lons'kh if=dk &
jsfVax ,tsalh ds;j ds vuqlkj2017&18 esa jkstxkj dh nj 3-9 izfr”krFkh tks 2018&19 esa 2-8 izfr”kr jgxbZA cMs+ m|ksxksa esa jkstxkj ugha c<+ik jgk gS] 2019 dh nwljh frekgh esad‘f’k vFkZO;oLFkk 4335-47 vjc #i;sdh Fkh tks rhljh frekgh esa fxjdj3651-61 vjc #i;s jg xbZA 2011 ls2019 rd d‘f’k vFkZO;oLFkk dk vkSlr4126-42 vjc #i;s dk FkkA 2018dh pkSFkh frekgh esa ;g 5869-41 vjc#i;s ds mPPre Lrj ij rFkk 2011ds frljh frekgh esa 2690-74 vjc#i;s ds fuEure Lrj ij FkhA 2019ds uoEcj ekg esa dqy fu;kZr 26 vjcvesfjdu MkWyj dk Fkk rFkk vk;kr38-1 vjc vesfjdu MkWyj dk FkkvFkkZr dqy ?kkVk 12-1 vjc vesfjduMkWyj dk FkkA vizSy 1991 ls uoEcj2019 ds nkSjku vkSlr fu;kZr nj 10-8 izfr”kr jgh Fkh ftlesa uoEcj 2019esa okf’kZd dqy fu;kZr esa 0-34 izfr”krdh deh vk;h FkhA
vkfFkZd lqLrh ds ekgkSy esa izR;{ko vizR;{k dj laxzg mEEkhn ls dejgk gSA flrEcj 2019 esa lekIr gqbZfrekgh esa ;g laxzg 4-5 izfr”kr dslkFk lk<s+ N% lky ds lcls fupysLrj ij jgk gSA th,lVh Hkh delaxzfgr gqvkA fofuos”k ftldk y{;1-05 yk[k djksM+ #i;s Fkk] mldsvHkh rd ek= 17]354 djksM+ #i;s ghvk ik;sa gSA ljdkj ;fn dj dh ubZnj ykxw djrh gS rks mlls 1-3 yk[kdjksM+ #i;s de feysaxs ijUrq blls 2-9 djksM+ ,sls yksaxksa dks ykHk iagqpsxkftudh dj ;ksX; vk; ikap yk[k#i;s ls vf/kd gSA
dkWjiksjsV VSDl dh dVkSrh lsljdkj dks 1-45 yk[k djksM+ #i;sde fey lds gSA ftldk vkfFkZdlqLrh ij dksbZ fo”ks’k izHkko ugha ns[kkx;k gSA de vk; ds ckctwn vkfFkZd
lqLrh dks nwj djus ds fy, ljdkjvf/kd [kpZ djus dk eu cuk pqdhgSA blds pyrs thMhih ds 3-3 izfr”krfoÙkh; ?kkVs ds y{; dks izkIr djukljdkj ds fy, ukeqefdu gks ldrkgSA ukeqefdu gksus ij ljdkj dksdqN lhek rd Loa; ds O;; dks dedj nsus pkfg,A
xzkeh.k vFkZO;oLFkk dks etcwrdjus ds fy, fuekZ.k] vk/kkj Hkwrlajpuk] peM+k vkSj gLrdj?kk tSlslgk;d m|ksaxksa esa jkstxkj dk l`tuc<+kuk gksxkA fdlkuksa dh vk; Hkhblls c< ldrh gSA ,d ,sls l{keikfjfLFkfrd ra= dh vko”;drk gStks miHkksx] vkenuh vkSj lekU;fodkl dks lgh xfr nsA xzkeh.k ofdlku dk fodkl xjhch dks rhuxquk vf/kd xfr ls de djrk gSAvr% ljdkj dks lexz] lq/kkjoknh vkSjfdlku dsfUnzr uhfr;ksa ds fuekZ.k dksc<+kok nsus ds fy, dne mBkus pkfg,AvFkZO;oLFkk dks l”kä cukus ds fy,lexz uhfrxr <+k aps vkSj LoLFkikfjfLFkfrdh ra= t#jh gS tk sfofu;ked eatwjh] dM+h izfØ;k,sa] lekuHkqfe vf/kxzg.k] “kh?kz dk;kZUo;u]uokpkj dks c<kok vkSj ifj.kkeksa dksc<+kok nsus esa l{ke cuk;sa D;ksafd [kjkcuhfr] baLisDVj jkt] tkap vkSj xgufuxjkuh rFkk cksf>y fofu;eu ls
fodkl dk;Z #d tkrs gSA Je dkuwu]tfVy dj lajpuk vkSj ukSdj”kkgh ds>a>V vkfFkZd izfrLi/kkZ esa ck/kd cursgSA vlekurk o xjhch vFkZO;oLFkkdks izHkkfor djrs gS ijUrq ljdkj ds}kjk fdlkuksa o vU; dks udn forj.k;kstukvksa ls xjhch de gqbZ gSA
;fn ljdkj y{;ghu vk Sjcsrjrhch ls ykxw lkekftd O;;;kstukvksa dks de dj ns vkSj izfrdj;ksX; NwV o dkWjiksjsV djksa] iw¡athxrykHk o dj ØsfM+V tSlh NwV dks NksM+nsa rks ;g thMhih dks N% izfr”kr dsvkadMs + ls eqDr dj ldrh gSAfodkl”khy vFkZO;oLFkk esa ljdkjm|ksx txr dh lk>snkj gksrh gSA,sls esa jkstxkj vkSj ekSdksa dk l‘tudjus ij nkssuksa gh {ks=ksa dks /;ku nsusdh t#jr gSA
lekt e s a v kf F k Zd dk s< +Hkz’Vkpkj dks jksdus gsrq ljdkj dks,slk ys[kkdk;Z dk ,slk <+kapk rS;kjdjuk pkfg, ftlesa iSls iSls ijfuxjkuh gks lds vkSj fglkc Bhdj[kk tk lds] rc gh fodkl dk ,detcwr <+kapk ftl ij vkoafVr iSlsdk izHkko n‘f’Vxkspj gks ldsxkA iSlsdk vkaoVu rFkk izHkko nksuksa esa varjLi’V gksuk pkfg,A ljdkj dhfuf’Ø;rk] csjktsxkjh o lkekftdv”kakfr c<+krh gSA ljdkj dks ifjO;;
xzkeh.k vFkZO;oLFkk dksetcwr djus ds fy,fuekZ.k] vk/kkj Hkwrlajpuk] peM+k vkSj
gLrdj?kk tSls lgk;dm|ksaxksa esa jkstxkj dkl`tu c<+kuk gksxkA
fo'ys"k.k
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Lons'kh if=dk &
ls ifj.kke rd vkSj fuos”k ls Hkqxrkurd ij /;ku dsfUnzr djuk pkfg,A
ns”k ds e/;e oxZ ij Hkh ljdkjdks /;ku nsuk okfg,A vkfFkZd ekeyksads dqN fo”ks’kK ekurs gS fd ljdkj;fn 2]66]000 djksM+ #i;s cngkycSadksa ij O;; ugha djrh rks mlls26]600 fdyksehVj gkbZos cu ldrkFkkA os ;g Hkwy tkrs gS fd cngkycSadksa dks cpkuk Hkh t#jh Fkk D;ksafdcSad Mwcrs gS rks laiw.kZ vFkZO;oLFkk ghMwc tkrh gSA
xr dqN o’kksZa esa Hkkjr dh lk[k,oe~ vkfFkZd n”kk ij fo”o dk fo”oklc<+k gSA fo”o ds lHkh jk’Vª Hkkjr esafuos”k dj jgs gS ftlls c<+rs fuos”k lsHkkjr esa jkstxkj ds lk/ku c<+ jgs gSvFkkZr turk ls dh xbZ olwyh iqu%mudh gh tsc esa udnh ds #i esaMkyh tk jgh gSA lkoZtfud {ks= dscSadks dk ,uih, xr o’kZ ds 8-96 yk[kdjksM+ #i;s ls ?kVdj bl lkyflrEcj esa 7-27 yk[k djksM+ #i;s
rd vk x;kA xro’kZ 6 cSad ykHk ijpy jgs Fks bl o’kZ 13 cSad ykHk esa gSAcSadksa ds foy; ls cSadksa ij fo”oklvkSj c<+k gSA bu dneksa ls vkfFkZd{ks= esa dqN ?kcjkgV dqN de gqbZ gSAflrEcj 2019 rd ,d eq”r _.kokilh ;kstuk esa 52]000 djksM+ #i;s¼tks Qalk gqvk Fkk½ okil vk x;s rFkkblds ,d yk[k djksM+ #i;s rd iagqpusdh mEehn gSA izkIr uohu iwath ls eqnzk_.k ;kstuk esa 8 yk[k yksxksa dks 5-5yk[k djksM+ #i;s _.k fn;k x;k gSA
jktdks’kh; vuq”kklu fdlh Hkhns”k dh vFkZO;oLFkk dh jh<+ gksrh gSAmlds vfu;af=r gksus dh fLFkfr esavFkZO;oLFkk dh lk[k izHkkfor gksrh gSftlls eagxkbZ c<+rh gS vkSj fuos”kfxjrk gS tks varr% jkstxkj] mRiknuvkSj fu;kZr lHkh dks udkjkRed #ils izHkkfor djrk gSA ljdkj usvFkZO;oLFkk esa lajpukRed lq/kkj dsfy, tks b alkYos alh ,aM+ cS aØIlhdksM+ ykxw fd;k rFkk th,lVh esa Hkh
ekU;oj]Lons'kh if=dk vkt ns'k esa py jgs Lons'kh vkanksyuksa dk LFkkfir izrhd cu pqdh gSA
fiNys dbZ o"kks± ls Lons'kh if=dk us vlaxr ,oa ,drjQk oS'ohdj.k] tufojksèkh vkfFkZd mnkjhdj.kds fojksèk ,oa oSdfYid vkSj jpukRed Lons'kh vkanksyu ds i{k esa ,d lfØ; Ágjh ds ukrsges'kk vkidks tkx:d cuk;k gS ,oa vkils laokn LFkkfir fd;k gSA foxr dky[kaM eas bu lHkh eqíksa ij gesa vki tSls ltx ikBdksadk visf{kr lg;ksx Hkh feyrk jgk gS vkSj Hkfo"; esa Hkh feysxk ,slk] fo'okl gSA
vkils vkxzg gS fd Lons'kh if=dk dh vkidh lnL;rk vofèk ;fn lekIr gks xbZ gks rks Ñi;k fiNys le; ls vkxkeh o"kZrd dh jkf'k èkukns'k ¼euhvkMZj½] psd ,oa ekax i= ¼fMekaM Mªk¶V½ ds ekè;e ls 'khèkz Hkstus dh Ñik djsaA if=dk ds fyQkQs ds mijfpidk, x, irs dh izFke iafDr esa lnL;rk vofèk vafdr gSA vki viuh lnL;rk jkf'k ^^Lons'kh if=dk** ds uke if=dk ds dk;kZy;ds irs ij Hkst ldrs gSaA lnL;rk v|ru u gks ikus dh fLFkfr esa foÙkh; dkj.kksa ls if=dk vkxs tkjh j[kuk dfBu gksxkA
150 #i, 1500@& #i,150 #i, 1500@& #i,
gesa vkidk lg;ksx Lons'kh vkanksyu dks jk"VªO;kih ,oa tuksUeq[kh cukus esa izeq[k Hkwfedk fuHkk,xkA Ñi;k Lons'kh if=dkLo;a Hkh i<+sa ,oa vU; dks Hkh i<+us ds fy, izsfjr djsaA if=dk ds lacaèk esa viuk fu"i{k fopkj gesa vo'; HkstsaA
IFSC : BKID- Ramakrishnapuram
http://swadeshionline.in/
vko”;d lq/kkj fd;s gS] os lc Hkhns”k dh vFkZO;oLFkk ij nwjxkeh izHkkoMkysaxsA
c<rh tula[;k vf/kd iznw’k.kdk dkj.k curh gS ftlls fuiVus dsfy, ljdkjksa dks viuh vk; dk ,dcM+k Hkkx [kpZ djuk iM+rk gS ftllsfodkl dk;kZsa ds Åij [kpZ djus dhmldh {kerk {kh.k gks tkrh gSA Hkkjrds lkeus tgka m|ksxksa esa mRikndrkc<+kus dh pqukSrh gS] ogha bl c<+s gq,mRiknu dks [kjhnnkj Hkh miyC/k gksldsa] ;g Hkh pqukSrh gSA blds fy,jkstxkj ds volj c<+ lds ,slh ;kstukij dke “kq# djuk gksxkA ljdkj dks2024&25 rd ns”k dh vFkZO;oLFkkdks 5 fVªfy;u MkWyj rd iagqpkus dsfy, vius ladYi esa vkSj etcwrh ykuhgksxhA
fo'ys"k.k
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Lons'kh if=dk &
iwoZ ç/kkuea=h vVy fcgkjh cktisbZ ds tUefnuij Hkkjr ljdkj us muds uke ij vVy Hkwty;kstuk dk Jhx.ks'k fd;kA ftu {ks=ksa esa Hkwtydk Lrj vR;ar uhps tk pqdk gS vkSj ihus ds ikuhlfgr flapkbZ ds fy, fdlkuksa dks i;kZIr ikuhe;Llj ugha gS] ,sls {ks=ksa ij fo'ks"k /;ku nsdjikuh miyC/k djkus dk dsaæ ljdkj dk lqfpafrrlqO;ofLFkr ç;kl gS&vVy Hkwty ;kstukA
bl ;kstuk ds tfj, Hkwty dk laj{k.k vkSjlao/kZu djrs gq, mldk O;ofLFkr çca/ku dj gj
?kj rd ihus dk LoPN ikuh igqapkus ds lkFk gh lkFk gj [ksr dks ikuh miyC/k djkus dh ;kstuk ij dke fd;k tk,xkA bl ;kstuk dks ewrZ:i nsus ds fy,fo'o cSad ds lg;ksx ls dsaæ ljdkj us 6000 djksM+ #i, dh O;oLFkk dh gS]ftlesa ls 3000 djksM+ fo'o cSad ds ek/;e ls _.k çkIr gksaxs rFkk 3000 djksM+#i, dh O;oLFkk dsaæ ljdkj djsxhA bl çdkj fo'o cSad }kjk miyCèk djk;hx;h /ku jkf'k cSad _.k ds :i esa gksxh ]ftldk Hkqxrku dsaæ ljdkj djsxhA'ks"k 50 izfr'kr fu;fer ctVh; lgk;rk ls dsaæh; lgk;rk ds :i esa miyCèkdjk;k tk,xkA jkT;ksa dks fo'o cSad dk laiw.kZ _.kvkSj dsaæh; lgk;rk vuqnkuds :i esa miyC/k djkbZ tk,xhA ç/kkuea=h }kjk ;kstuk dks çHkkoh djus dh?kks"k.kk ds iwoZ gh 12 fnlacj dks fo'o cSad us ;kstuk dks Loh—fr çnku djrs gq,viuh lgHkkfxrk esa ;kstuk dks ewrZ :i nsus dks Lohdkj dj fy;k gSA vVy ty;kstuk dks 5 o"kksaZ 2020&21 ls 2024&25 dh vof/k esa fØ;kfUor dj lacafèkr {ks=esa ty leL;k dk lek/kku dj HkwxHkZ ds ty Lrj dks Åij ykrs gq, ?kj&?kjrd uy ls ty igqapkus dh ?kks"k.kk dks ewrZ:i nsus rFkk fdlkuksa dks Qly dhflapkbZ gsrq i;kZIr ty miyC/k djkuk ;kstuk dh çkFkfedrk gSA ;kstuk ds ek/;e ls ns'k ds lkr çeq[k jkT;ksa esa çFke pj.k esa ;kstuk dk dk;Z çkjaHk fd;ktkuk çLrkfor gSA bu jkT;ksa dk p;u Hkwty dh dHkh çnw"k.k vkSj i;kZoj.k dsvU; fofHkUu ekudksa dks /;ku esa j[krs gq, fd;k x;k gSA ,sls 7 jkT;ksa egkjk"Vª]dukZVd] eè; çns'k] mÙkj çns'k] gfj;k.kk] jktLFkku vkSj xqtjkr ds Hkwty Lrjdks Åij mBkus esa vVy Hkwty ;kstuk ds ek/;e ls dk;Z dj ty 'kfä ea=ky;ty Lrj esa lq/kkj ykus dk dk;Z djsxkA bl ;kstuk ds dk;kZUo;u ls bu jkT;ksads 78 ftyksa] 193 Cykdksa esa yxHkx 8350 xzke iapk;rksa dks ykHk feyus dh mEehngSA blesa MkVk foLrkj ij Qksdl fd;k tk,xk tks ty lqj{kk laca/kh ;kstukvksa
ns'k esa O;kIr ty ladV ds lek/kku gsrq
vVy Hkwty ;kstuk
ty izca/ku
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Lons'kh if=dk &
dks rS;kj djus esa ennxkj lkfcrgksxkA lkFk gh Hkwty çca/ku dhmiyfC/k;ka gkfly djus okys jkT;ksadks çksRlkgu Hkh fn;k tk,xkA;kstuk esa —f"k esa bLrseky gksusokys ikuh ds mfpr çca/ku dks Hkh'kkfey fd;k x;k gS] blls lw{eflapkbZ] Qly fofo/krk] vyx fo|qrQhMj tSls dne mBk, tk,axs rkfdmiyC/k ty lalk/kuksa dk mfprç;ksx fd;k tk lds rFkk fdlkuksadks mldk lgh ykHk fey ldsA
l s aVj Q‚j lkb al , aM,uok;jesaV dk dguk gS fd ;g;kstuk blfy, lkFkZd lkfcr gksldrh gS D;ksafd blesa fofHkUu tyçca/ku leqnk;ksa rFkk xzke iapk;rksals lg;ksx ysus ij fo'ks"k /;kufn;k x;k gSA HkwxHkZ ds ty dkfo'o esa lokZf/kd nksgu Hkkjr esa ghfd;k tkrk gSA ;gka çfro"kZ 230D;wfcd fdyksehVj Hkwty dkmi;ksx dj fy;k tkrk gS] tksfdHkwty ds oSf'od mi;ksx dk yxHkx25 izfr'kr gSA oSKkfudksa dk vuqekugS mÙkj Hkkjr esa xsgwa vkSj pkoy dsmRiknu ls yxHkx 54 lkS djksM+D;wfcd ehVj ty çfro"kZ HkwxHkZ lsfudky ysus ds dkj.k og fujarj?kV jgk gSA uhfr vk;ksx }kjktkjh ,d fjiksVZ esa yxkrkj ?kVrsHkwty ds Lrj ij fpark trkbZ xbZgSA mlds vuqlkj o"kZ 2030 rdns'k esa Hkwty esa vk jgh fxjkoVlcls cM+s ladV ds :i esa mifLFkrgksxh rFkk 2020 rd gh fnYyhcsaxyq# psUubZ vkSj gSnjkckn lfgr21 'kgjksa esa Hkwty yxHkx lekIr
gksus ds dxkj ij igqap tk,xkAoSKkfudksa dk ekuuk gS fd
2050 rd HkwxHkZ ty lzksr 75izfr'kr lekIr gks tk,axs D;ksafdçfro"kZ HkwxHkZ esa o"kkZ dk ftrukty lqjf{kr gksrk gS mlls dbZxquk fofHkUu ek/;eksa ls fudkyfy;k tkrk gSA iFoh ds ty laoèkZudh ,d lhek gS fdarq mlds nksgudh dksbZ lhek ugha gS] vuojrty nksgu ds dkj.k iFoh dk tyfujarj lekIr gks jgk gSA bl;kstuk ds varxZr dk;Z djrs gq,o"kkZ ds ty dh ,d ,d cwan dkslqjf{kr djrs gq, HkwxHkZ ds tyLrj esa of) dj ikuh dh leL;kls rks futkr gh ik;k tk,xkA
,d fjiksVZ ds vuqlkj Hkkjres çfrfnu djhc 48-42 vjc yhVjyhVj ikuh Luku vkfn djus esacckZn dj fn;k tkrk gSA dsaæh;Hkwty cksMZ rFkk jkT; Hkwty foHkkxksads vkadM+ksa ds vuqlkj ns'k esa dqyewY;kafdr 6584 bdkb;ksa esa ls 1034bdkb;ksa dks vR;f/kd nksgu dhxbZ bdkb;ksa dh Js.kh esa j[kk x;kgSA lkekU;r% bls MkdZ tksu vFkkZr~ikuh jfgr {ks= dgk tkrk gSA
vkt 70 o"kksaZ esa 18 djksM+xzkeh.k ifjokjksa esa ls dsoy rhudjksM+ ds ikl ikbiykbu ds }kjktykiwfrZ dh tk jgh gSA bl ;kstukds varxZr ikbi ykbu ds ek/;els vxys 5 o"kksaZ esa 15 djksM+ ?kjksa esaihus ds ikuh dh lqfo/kk çnku djusdk y{; fu/kkZfjr fd;k x;k gSA
Hkwty vkSj lacaf/kr {ks=ksa dsdke djus okys 92 ns'kksa ds yxHkx1100 oSKkfudksa] fo'ks"kKksa vkSj vU;
lacaf/kr yksxksa us lHkh ljdkjksa vkSjxSj ljdkjh laLFkkvksa ls vuqjks/kfd;k fd og oSf'od Lrj ij HkwtymiyC/krk cuk, j[kus ds fy,rRdky dne mBk,A i`Foh dk 99izfr'kr rktk ikuh] ftls fi;k tkldrk gS] og Hk`ty ds :i esa gSA
vkb Zvkb ZVh [kM +diqj ds,lksfl,V çksQslj vfHkthr cuthZdk dguk gS fd bfrgkl esa gebl le; Hkkjr esa lcls T;knkHkwty dk bLrseky dj jgs gSaA
vVy ;kstuk dks ty vkanksyuds :i esa dk;Z djus dh vko';drkgS ftlds fy, gj O;fä dks vkxsvkuk gksxk D;ksafd vius ns'k esalky Hkj esa o"kkZ ls tks ty çkIrgksrk gS mldk dsoy 8 izfr'kr ghlqjf{kr gks ikrk gSA vkt tcikuh dh deh ls çHkkfor gksus okys{ks=ksa dh la[;k c<+rh tk jgh gSrHkh vko';drk gS fd ikuh cpkusvkSj mls lqjf{kr djus ds fy, gjlaHko dk;Z fd, tk,aA
or Zeku le; es a c< +r htul a[;k ' kgj hdj. k vk S jvkS|ksxhdj.k ds dkj.k ns'k dslhfer Hkw lalk/kuksa ij vR;f/kdncko gS vr% bl ;kstuk ds ek/;e ls vfu;af=r Hkwty nksgu dksfu;af=r djuk vk/kkjHkwr lajpukdks c<+kok nsuk Hkw ty dh xq.koÙkkesa o`f) djuk i;kZoj.kh; çHkkodks de djuk [kk| lqj{kk dkslqfuf'pr djuk rFkk Hkw&tylalkèkuksa dh nh?kZdkyhu fujarjrkdks lqfuf'pr djus dh fn'kk esa,d lkFkZd dne lkfcr gks ldrkgSA
ty izca/ku
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Lons'kh if=dk &
xaxk dh vfojyrk&fueZyrk ds le{k ge furub Z pquk S fr;k a i s' k dju s e s a yx s g S aAvfojyrk&fueZyrk ds uke ij [kqn dks /kks[kknsus esa yxs gSaA ?kkV fodkl] rV fodkl] rVij vkS"kfèk m|ku] lrgh lQkbZ] [kqys esa 'kkSpeqfä ds fy, xaxk xzkeksa esa cus 'kkSp xïs--- [kqndks /kks[kk nsus tSls gh dke gSaA vf/kd mRiknuds fy, jklk;fud moZjd] [kjirokjuk'kd odhVuk'kkdksa dk csyxke ç;ksx Hkh blh Js.khesa vkrk gSA rdyhQnsg rF; ;g gS fd ,slkdjrs gq, ge mu dgkuh] 'kks/k] fu"d"kZ ovka[kksa ns[kh rdyhQksa dh yxkrkj vuns[kh djjgs gSa] tks çek.k gSa fd pqukSrh rks ge [kqn viusfy, is'k dj jgs gSaA
,d i=dkj us osafVysVj ij ftank ,d egku unh dh dgkuh fy[kh gSA og egkuunh] gekjh xaxk gSA gdhdr esa *ekVh ekuq"k pwu* miU;kl] xaxk ds osafVysVj ij tkus dhdgkuh ugha gSA ;fn Hkkjr dh ufn;ksa dh vuns[kh gqbZ rks 2075 vkrs&vkrs] ;g iwjsHkkjrh; miegk}hi ds ge balkuksa ds osafVysVj ij vkfJr gks tkus dh dgkuh gksxhAus'kuy ,dsMeh v‚Q lkbUlsl tuZy] vesfjdk dh rktk fjiksVZ Hkh ;gh dg jgh gSA ftlj¶rkj ls leqæ dk tyLrj c<+ jgk gS] bl lnh ds var rd xaxk] es?kuk vkSj czáiq=ij leqæ dk ty Lrj 1-4 ehVj c<+ tk;sxhA blls ,d&frgkbZ ckaXyk ns'k vkSj iwohZHkkjr dk ,d cM+k fgLlk LFkkbZ ck<+ o nynyh {ks= ds :i esa rCnhy gks tk,xkAifj.kkeLo:i] bl bykds esa clh djhc 20 djksM+ dh vkcknh osafVysVj ij gksxhA
foKku i;kZoj.k dsaæ ls ysdj Lo;a ljdkj ds dsUæh; çnw"k.k fu;a=.k cksMZ rd dsvc rd dh fjiksrktZ xaxk xq.koÙkk dh csgrjh dh [kcj ugha ns jgsA xaxk csgrjh ds ukeij mÙkj çns'k dh 'kkldh; xaxk ;k=k Hkys gh tkjh gksA ç;kxjkt esa ek?k esys ds blle; esa Hkh xaxk&;equk esa tk jgs ukys ds lks'ky ehfM;k ij tkjh rktk ohfM;ks ds n';dqN vkSj gh dg jgs gSaA xaxk] Mqcdh yxk jgs yk[kksa yksxksa dks ikieqä djds Hkst jghgS ;k ubZ chekfj;ka nsdj\ bldk ,d mÙkj Lo;a ç/kkuea=h th ds çfrfuf/kRo okys vLlhukys vkSj o#.kk unh ls lh/ks #c# gksdj ik;k tk ldrk gSA nwljk mÙkj] MkWDVj lwjt}kjk xr~ nks o"kksaZ ds nkSjku xaxkrVh; 2500 ejhtksa ij fd, x, rktk 'kksèk us is'k fd;k gSAMkW- lwjt] cukjl fganw fo'ofo|ky; ds lj lqUnjyky vLirky esa U;wjksykWth foHkkx ds'kksèkkFkhZ gSaA
'kks/k dgrk gS fd ç;kxjkt ls ysdj fetkZiqj] Hknksgh] cukjl] panksyh] cfy;k]cDlj rd dh 300 fdyksehVj yEch xaxk rVorhZ iêh esa xatsfVd ifdZlu vkSj xatsfVdfMesaf'k;k ds jksxh c<s+ gSaA eksVj uwjku uked tks chekjh] bl iêh ds yksxksa dks rsth lsviuk f'kdkj cuk jgh gS] mldk ,d dkj.k xaxk esa ekStwn /kkfRod çnw"k.k gSA ;g chekjh
1-4
xaxk dh psrkouh lqusaigy
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Lons'kh if=dk &
vaxksa esa dlko ds lkFk QM+QM+kgVtSls y{k.k ysdj vkrh gSA [ksrh esaç;k sx gk su s o ky s b aMk slYQkuv‚XuksQkLQksjl] MhMhVh] fyUMsu],fUMªu tSls jlk;uksa ds fjldj xaxkesa feyus ls bu bykdksa esa isV o fiÙkk';dh FkSyh ds dSalj jksxh c<s+ gSaA 'kksèkdrkZvk'kafdr gS fd xaxk çnw"k.k] vuqokaf'kdnq"çHkko Hkh Mky ldrk gSA bldsfy, fQygky] xaxk ds tyh; thoksaij vuqokaf'kd çHkkoksa dk v/;;u Hkh'kq# fd;k x;k gSA
ckotwn blds gekjs vkRe?kkrhdne ij fuxkg Mkfy, fd fjoj ÝaVds uke ij geus xkserh unh ds lkFk/kks[kk fd;kA mÙkj çns'k ds fiNys'kkludky esa fgaMu dh unh Hkwfe ijdCts dh ,d ;kstuk pqids&pqidscukbZ xbZA xkserh o fgaMu] Øe'k%xaxk o ;equk dh lgk;d /kkjk gSAbl chp fg.Mu unh Hkwfe ij dCtkfd, cSBh 100 ls vf/kd bekjrksa o-[ksy ifjljksa dks /oLr djus dh ,dlkeus vk;k gSA çrh{kk djuh gksxhfd ;g tehu unh ds fy, [kkyhdjkbZ tk jgh gS ;k fdlh vkSj dsfy,\ fdarq D;k ge bartkj djsa fdfg.Mu ds lkFk Hkh ogh gks] tks t;iqjdh æO;orh ds lkFk gks pqdk gSA t;iqjdh æO;orh unh dks ey 'kksèku la;=ksals 'kksf/kr voty dh fudklh dhiDdh ugj esa rCnhy fd, tkus dksD;k ge unh iquthZou dk dk;Z dgsa\;g dk;Z VkVk çkstsDVl~ vkSj 'ka?kkbZvcZu MsoYiesaV dUlVªD'ku xzqi dks Bsdsij nsdj djk;k x;k gSA lw=ksa dseqrkfcd] iquthZou ds uke ij fg.Muunh ds rV fodkl dk dk;Z Hkh VkVkçkstsDV dks fn;k tkus okyk gSA
bl vkbus dks lkeus j[kdj]dsUæh; ty lalk/ku ea=ky; ds lfpoJh ;w-ih- flag ds bl rktk c;ku dkvkdyu djsa & **futh vkSj lkoZtfud
{ks= ds m|ksx NksVh ufn;ksa dks xksn ysldrs gSaA** D;k ;g ladsr gS] ufn;ksa dhekfydh] daifu;ksa ds gkFk esa lkSaius dk\
ufn;ksa ds lkFk f[kyokM+ dsvkRe?kkrh [ksy dbZ gSaA v‚LVªsfy;k dstaxyksa dh vkx vkSj ogka ikuh dhryk'k esa ?kjksa dh vksj foLFkkfir gksjgs 10 gtkj taxyh ÅaVksa dks ekjusdh ;kstuk dh psrkofu;ka Hkh dbZ ghgSaA fdarq D;k ge psr jgs gSa \ iq.ks dhjkeunh] bUæk;.kh unh ck<+ {ks= dkscpkus dh dne lkeus vk, gSaA ç'kkluvkSj gfjr çkf/kdj.k }kjk dbZ çsjdç;kl gq, gSaA unh iquthZou fl[kkusvkSj blds fy, çsfjr djus okysnLrkost o mnkgj.k Hkkjr esa dbZ gSaAdbZ unh dk;ZdrkZ] vkt Hkh viuhNksVh&NksVh /kkjkvksa dks cpkus ds fy,la?k"kZ dj jgs gSaA D;k 'kklu] [kqnvkxs c<+dj lg;ksx dh bZekunkjdksf'k'k djrk fn[kkbZ ns jgk gS \
lw= dg jgs gSa fd 31 tuojh lspyus okys orZeku laln l= esa xaxklaca/kh dkuwu dk ftl çk:i dks is'kfd, tkus dh laHkkouk gS] og xaxk dsçfr O;fäxr~ vijk/kksa ds çfr csgnl[r vkSj laLFkkxr~ vijk/k ds çfruje crk;k tk jgk gSA ;s lc ewyleL;k ls /;ku gVkdj] yksxksa dksvU;= O;Lr j[kus dk gh miØe gSAD;k ge ,sls miØeksa] psrkouh dhvuns[kh djsa\ /keZxq# crk;sa fd D;keka dh flQZ ifjØek djus ls dkepy tk;sxk\
ugha] ge vius&vius bykds dsikuh] feêh] gfj;kyh] NksVh ls NksVhèkkjk dks lajf{kr djus esa tks dqN djldrs gksa; djsaA unh fgrS"kh usr`Rodkjhdk;ZdrkZvksa dks pkfg, fd viuh&viuh<iyh] viuk&viuk jkx dk joS;kNksM+sa o ,dtqV gksa vkokt mBk;saAljdkjksa dks mfpr lq>k;saA ljdkjksals Hkh vuqjks/k gS fd unh psrkouh dh
igy
vuns[kh can djsaA unh dk;ZdrkZvkas&fo'ks"kKksa ds unh fgrS"kh lq>koksa dkslqus] mu ij iwjh bZekunkjh ls veydjsaA unh ds fgr esa ç—fr ds çR;sdtho dk fgr fufgr gSA vr% ufn;ksads lkFk dkjiksjsV ,tsaMs ds vuqlkjugha] ufn;ksa ds çk—frd vf/kdkj dht:jr ds eqrkfcd O;ogkj djsaA Hkwysugha fd unh ds osafVysVj ij tkus dhgj nkLrka ds lkFk gekjk jkstxkj]lsgr vkSj le`f) Hkh osafVysVj dh vksjgh c<+ jgs gSaA
bl chp 4 Qjojh dks fnYyh essagq, xaxk lEesyu esa xaxk iêh ds vykokdsjy] egkjk"Vª] mM+hlk] e/; çns'k]jktLFkku vkfn çns'kksa ds oSKkfud odk;ZdrkZ ekStwn FksA crkSj eq[; oäk]ofj"B jktusrk Jh eqjyh euksgj tks'khth dh ekStwnxh vge FkhA xkSj dhft,Jh tks'kh dh v/;{krk esa xfBr lalnh;ewY;kadu lfefr dh fjiksVZ&2016uekfe xaxs ds dk;ksaZ ls larq"V ughaFkhA fjiksVZ esa xaxk fgrS"kh dbZ egRoiw.kZflQkfj'ksa dh xbZa FkhA bl ukrs Jhtks'kh ls ekax dh xbZ fd og xaxkvkSj lk/oh in~ekorh--- nksuksa ds çk.kcpkus dk ekxZ ç'kLr djsaA Jh tks'khus ;g dgdj viuk iYyk >kM+ fy;k&**eSa D;k ekxZ crkÅa\ eSa rks [kqn ghekxZ <wa< jgk gwaA** ekSds ij ekStwnlektoknh ikVhZ ds lkaln dqaoj jsorhje.k flag] mÙkjk[k.M çns'k dkaxzsl dsv/;{k jg pqds Jh fd'kksj mik/;k;vkSj >kj[k.M esa eq[;ea=h dks gjkdjpednkj cus lj;w jk; vkfn Hkh dksbZBksl ladYi ugha is'k dj ldsA
Li"V gS fd xaxk vkSj lk/ohin~ekorh dh çk.kj{kk dk ekxZ uusrkvksa ds Hkjksls gks ldrh gS vkSj uljdkj dsA vc Hkjkslk rks laxBuksavkSj ukxfjdksa dks vius [kqn viusHkhrj gh iSnk djuk gksxkA D;k gedjsaxs\
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Lons'kh if=dk &
Hkkjr esa fofHkUu iapkax çpfyr gS vkSj blfy, ekU;rk,a Hkh vyx&vyx vkSjijLij fojks/kh er;qä çpfyr gSA vr,oa Hkkjr ljdkj us ,d:irk ykus ds fy, ç;klfd, vkSj ,d Hkkjrh; dSysaMj cuk;kA
iapkx dk mi;ksx çk; nks çdkj ls gksrk gS& 1- O;ogkfjd] 2- /kkfeZdO;ogkfjd& nLrkost] djkj vkfn dk;ksaZa dks fu"iknu gsrq] nSfud ys[kk&tks[kk ;k
fglkc vkfn esa frfFk] fnu] okj] rkjh[k] lu] laor dk mi;ksx gksrk gSA/kkfeZd& /kkfeZd dk;Z] ozr] mRlo] R;kSgkj] eqgwrZ] miu;u] fookgkfn esa xzg ;ksx]
frfFk] u{k=] _rq vkfn dk çkjafHkd o lekfIr dky dk mi;ksx gksrk gSAlaiw.kZ Hkkjr esa fofHkUu iapkax rFkk lu~ ;k laor çpfyr gSA fofHkUu çkarksa esa o"kZ dk
vkjaHk dgha pS= ls] dgha vk"kk<+ ls] dgha dkfrZd ls] dgha tuojh ls] dgha ekpZ ls] rksdgha edj lØkafr vkfn fofHkUu eghuksa ls vkjaHk gksrk gSA laiw.kZ Hkkjr esa eq[;r% fuEulu~ ;k laor~ çpfyr gSA 1- foØe laor] 2- 'kkfyokgu 'kd laor~] 3- ohj ¼egkohj½ laor~]4- vaxzsth ;k bZLoh lu~] 5- fgtjh lu~] 6- Qlyh lu~] 7- caxkyh lu~] 8- dksye ,jk] 9-ikjlh iapkax] 10- pkanzds laoRlj] 11- dfydky vkfnA
oSls rks laiw.kZ Hkkjr esa fu.kZ; i)fr gh cgqekU; gS] fdarq fofHkUu vk;uka'kksa ds vkèkkj ijrFkk çkphu ,oa uohu i)fr ds vk/kkj ij cuk, x, fofHkUu iapkaxksa esa frfFk ds eku esa dbZ?kaVksa dk varj vk tkrk gS] ftlls o"kZ ds çkjaHk ;k R;kSgkj ds fnuksa esa varj vk tkrk gSA
mä folaxfr;ksa dks nwj djus ,oa laiw.kZ Hkkjr esa ,d:irk ykus ds fy, Hkkjrljdkj us uoacj 1952 esa LoxhZ; M‚DVj es?kukFk lkgk dh v/;{krk esa iapkax lq/kkjlfefr dk xBu fd;k x;k FkkA vusd T;ksfrfoZn o fo}Ttu ds erkuqlkj Hkkjr ljdkjus lu 1955 esa fuEu fu.kZ; fy, Fks&
1- 'kkfyokgu 'kd laor dks Hkkjrh; laor~ ekuk rFkk pS=kfn ls o"kkZjaHk ekuk x;kA
Hkkjrh; dSysaMjlaLd`fr
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Lons'kh if=dk &
rnkuqlkj 22 ekpZ 1957 ls ,d pS=1879 x.kuk vkjaHk gSA loZ= Hkkjr esa;gh x.kuk çHkko'kkyh gSA
2- Hkkjrh; dSysaMj esa 1 o"kZ esa365 fnu gksrs gSa rFkk fyi vFkok yqIro"kZ esa 366 fnu gksrs gSaA 'kd laor esa78 tksM+us ds i'pkr og pkj lsfoHkkftr gks rks og o"kZ yhi ¼yqIr½o"kZ gksrk gSA yhi ¼yqIr½ o"kZ esa pS=ekg 31 fnu dk gksrk gSA lw{e rkSj ij'kd laor~ esa 78 tksM+us ds i'pkr og'krkCnh dk vad cus vkSj og 400 lsiw.kZ foHkkftr gks rks Hkh rks gh ogyhi ¼yqIr½ o"kZ ekuk tk,xk] vU;Fkkugha] pkgs og 4 ls foHkkftr gks tk,]mls yhi ¼yqIr½ o"kZ ugha ekuk tk,xkA
mnkgj.kkFkZ& tSls 'kd 1922 $78 ¾ 2000@400 ¾ 0] bl izdkj'kd laor 1922 yhi ¼yqIr½ o"kZ gksxkAijarq 2022 $ 78@400 ;g iw.kZ foHkkftrugha gksrk] tcfd ;ksxkad 2100 pkj lsfoHkkftr gks tkrk gS] fQj Hkh mijksäfu;ekuqlkj 'kd laor 2022 yhi ¼yqIr½o"kZ ugha gksxkA bl fu;e ls lw;Z dhxfr ds dkj.k o"kZeku esa vkus okykvYi varj Hkh nwj gks tkrk gSA
3- Hkkjrh; dSysaMj esa 12 ekg,oa fnu bl çdkj gS& 1- pS=&30@31fnu] 2- oS'kk[k&31 fnu] 3- T;s"B&31fnu] 4- vk"kk<+&31 fnu] 5- Jko.k&31fnu] 6- Hkkæin&31 fnu] 7- vkf'ou&30fnu] 8- dkfrZd&30 fnu] 9- ekxZ'kh"kZ&30fnu] 10- ikS"k&30 fnu] 11- ek?k&30fnu] 12- QkYxqu&30 fnuA
eghuksa dk Øe iw.kZ Hkkjrh; rFkkçFke 6 eghus 31 fnu ds ¼yhi o"kZ esapS= 31 fnu½ rFkk 'ks"k 6 eghus 30fnu ds gksrs gSaA
4- Hkkjrh; laor dks jk"Vªh; laordgrs gSaA rkjh[k dk vkjaHk v/kZjkf= lsv/kZjkf= rd ekuk tkrk gSA
5- iapkaxdÙkkZvksa }kjk fp=ki{kh;v;uka'k ,oa /;; xf.kr gh mi;ksx
feykus ds fy, egRo fn;k x;kAvktdy vf/kdrj iapkax ,oa Lo;aHkkjrh; ljdkj dk iapkax blh vkèkkjij rS;kj fd;k tkrk gSA
Hkkjrh; dSysaMj dh fo'ks"krk,a&1- Hkkjrh; dSysaMj dh dkyx.kuk uohui)fr ij vk/kkfjr gSA ;g iw.kZ:i lslkSj dSysaMj ¼lw;Z dh xfr ij vkèkkfjr½gSA vaxzsth dSysaMj esa fczfV'k ljdkj}kjk dbZ ckj la'kks/ku djus ij Hkhvaxzsth dSysaMj lkSj dSysaMj ugha gksik;k] tcfd Hkkjrh; dSysaMj iw.kZr%lkSj dSysaMj gSA
2- Hkkjrh; dSysaMj dk okf"kZdçFke fnu ,d pS= gksrk gSA ;g çk;%21 ;k 22 ekpZ dk vkrk gSA bl fnuHkweaMy ij fnu&jkr cjkcj gksrs gSaAblh fnu lw;Z dk olar lEikr vkjaHkgksrk gS vkSj blh fnu lk;u lw;Z dkes"k jkf'k esa ços'k gksrk gSA bl çdkjvkdk'k esa gksus okys dbZ ifjorZuHkkjrh; laor ds ,d pS= esa gksrs gSaA
3- eghuksa ds uke iapkax esa ç;ksxvkus okys ekgksa ds gh vuqlkj fo'kq)Hkkjrh; laL—fr ds vuq:i pS=] oS'kk[k]T;s"Bkfn j[ks x, gSaA iwjk eghuk 30vFkok 31 fnu dk gksrk gSA blesa paæxfr ds vuqlkj 'kqDy i{k ;k —".k
i{k ugha gksrs gSa vkSj u gh frfFk dk?kV&c<+ gksrk gSA blls tulk/kkj.kesa Hkze ugha gksrk gSA vaxzsth eghuksa dhfuEu rkfydkuqlkj rkjh[kksa ij Hkkjrh;dSysaMj ds eghuksa dk vkjaHk gksrk gS&
pS=&21 ;k 22 ekpZ] oS'kk[k&21 vçSy] T;s"B&22 ebZ] vk"kk<+&22twu] Jko.k&23 tqykbZ] Hkkæin&23vxLr] vf'ou&23 flracj] dkfrZd&23 vDVwcj] ekxZ'kh"k Z&22 uoacj]ikS"k&22 fnlacj] ek?k&21 tuojh]QkYxqu&20 QjojhA
4- Hkkjrh; laL—fr dk çrhd 'kdlaor lkjs fo'o esa dkyx.kuk esa lclsçkphu gSA Hkkjrh; iapkaxksa esa v/kZx.klk/ku izk;% 'kd laor ls gh fd;ktkrk gSA ftlls xzgkfn Li"V gksdjiapkax rS;kj gksrk gSA 'kd laor 207 esalk;u&fuj;.k nksuksa dk varj 'kwU; ;kvFkkZr HkpØ dk vkjaHk es"k jkf'k dsçFke fcanq clar lEikr ls gqvk FkkA
5- ljdkjh ys[kk o"kZ Hkh çk;%ekpZ ls vkjaHk gksrk gSA Hkkjr ljdkjdk ctV Hkh ekpZ esa çLrqr gksrk gSAvk;dj foHkkx dh ys[kk o"kZ ekpZj[krs gSaA Hkkjr esa ekSle Hkkjrh; dSysaMjdk ,d pS= tks 22 ;k 21 ekpZ lsvkjaHk gksrk gS] lkekU; jgrk gSA d"kd]O;kikjh vkSj lHkh oxZ uoo"kZ dk LokxrpS= eghus esa gh djrs gSaA
çR;sd lqcg vkdk'kok.kh ;knwjn'kZu ds mn~?kks"k çlaLdj.k dk vkjaHkblh Hkkjrh; dSysaMj dh rkjh[k crkrsgksrk gSA Hkkjr ljdkj rFkk jkT;ljdkjksa }kjk çdkf'kr dSysaMj esa vaxzsthrkjh[k ds lkFk blh Hkkjrh; dSysaMjdh rkjh[k nh tkrh gSA vktdy çk;%lHkh iapkax ,oa ,sQsesjht vkfn Hkkjrh;laor dh rkjh[ksa] eghus vkfn nsrs gSaA
Hkkjrh; dSysaMjlc dSysaMjksa lsvf/kd ljy ,oa vkdk'kh; ifjorZuksadks –f"Vxr j[krs gq, uSlfxZd ,oaJs"Bre gSA
Hkkjrh; dSysaMj dhdkyx.kuk uohu i)fr ijvk/kkfjr gSA ;g iw.kZ:i ls
lkSj dSysaMj gSA vaxzsthdSysaMj esa fczfV'k ljdkj}kjk dbZ ckj la'kks/ku
djus ij Hkh vaxzsth dSysaMjlkSj dSysaMj ugha gks ik;k]tcfd Hkkjrh; dSysaMjiw.kZr% lkSj dSysaMj gSA
laLd`fr
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Lons'kh if=dk &
mPp f'k{kk esa ,QMhvkbZ dsf[kykQ Lons'kh tkxj.k eap
eksnh ljdkj dk vke ctV 1 Qjojh dks is'k fd;kx;kA laln esa ctV is'k djrs gq, dsaæh; foÙkea=h fueZyklhrkje.k us mPp f'k{kk esa çR;{k fons'kh fuos'k ¼,QMhvkbZ½dk ,syku fd;kA mPp f'k{kk esa çR;{k fons'kh fuos'k ijLons'kh tkxj.k eap us uk[kq'kh tkfgj dh gSA Lons'khtkxj.k eap ,tqds'ku lsDVj esa çR;{k fons'kh fuos'k dsf[kykQ gSA Lons'kh tkxj.k eap us dgk fd blls dksbZ HkhvPNh ;wfuoflZVh Hkkjr esa viuk dSail ugha [kksysaxhA
,lts,e ds jk"Vªh; lg&la;kstd M‚- vf'ouh egktuus dgk] ^fons'kh fo'ofo|ky;ksa dks vuqefr nsuk viusyksxksa ds fy, vPNk ugha gSA* mUgksaus dgk fd ,lts,efdlh Hkh {ks= esa çR;{k fons'kh fuos'k ¼,QMhvkbZ½ ds iwjhrjg ls f[kykQ gSA dsaæh; foÙkea=h fueZyk lhrkje.k usvius ctV Hkk"k.k esa ?kks"k.kk dh fd ljdkj f'k{kk {ks= esaçR;{k fons'kh fuos'k dh 'kq#vkr djsxhA
laln esa foÙk o"kZ 2020&21 ds fy, ctV is'k djrsgq, lhrkje.k us Hkkjr ds f'k{k.k Lrj vkSj dkS'ky {kerkesa fodkl ykus ds fy, dbZ dneksa dh ?kks"k.kk dhA ljdkjus gkykafd bl {ks= esa fiNys lky ls 10]000 djksM+ #i;sT;knk vkoafVr fd, gSaA lhrkje.k us laln esa dgk] gekjhljdkj us foÙk o"kZ 2020&21 ds fy, f'k{kk {ks= dks99]300 djksM+ #i;s vkSj 3]000 djksM+ #i;s dkS'ky fodklds fy, vkoafVr djus dk QSlyk fd;k gSA*
bafM;k VqMs Vhoh ls ckr djrs gq, MkW- egktu us dgkfd f'k{kk esa ,QMhvkbZ ij ,lts,e dh vksj ls uk gSAfonsf'k;ksa dks vuqefr nsuk vPNk ugha gS vkSj vius ns'k dsyksx blls vPNk dj ldrs gSaA Q‚jsu ,Dlpsat ckgj tkjgk gS blfy, ljdkj us bl ckjs esa lkspk gksxk ysfdublls ;gka dksbZ vPNh ;wfuoflZVh [kqyus ugha tk jgh gSAegktu us dgk fd blls i<+kbZ dh nqdkusa gh [kqy ldsaxhtks gekjk iSlk ysaxh] blfy, ge ,QMhvkbZ ds f[kykQ gSaA
lekpkj ifjØek
,lts,e us eqä O;kikj le>kSrksa ¼,QVh,½ esa ewyfu;e dks ykxw djus ds fy, ctV ?kks"k.kk dh ljkguk dhgSA mUgksaus dgk fd ge bldh ekax dj jgs Fks D;ksafd phuvius eky eysf'k;k ls <qykbZ dj jgk FkkA M‚- egktu usdgk fd ljdkj us xSj&t:jh oLrqvksa ij 'kqYd c<+k fn;kgS] blls esd bu bafM;k dks c<+kok feysxk D;ksafd ;g?kjsyw mRiknu dks c<+k,xk vkSj vf/kd jkstxkj ltudjsxkA
https://aajtak.intoday.in/story/rss-economic-wing-swadeshi-jagran-manch-against-fdi-higher-education-union-budget-1-1160160.html
ljdkjh chek daifu;ksa dk foy;?kkrd% Lons'kh tkxj.k eapLons'kh tkxj.k eap ¼,lts,e½ us lkoZtfud {ks= dh
chek daifu;ksa v‚fj;aVy ba';ksjsal daiuh fy-] ;qukbVsMba';ksjsal daiuh vkSj us'kuy ba';ksjsal daiuh fy- dk foy;djds ,d chek daiuh cukus ds çLrko dk fojks/k fd;kgSA ,lts,e ds ds jk"Vªh; lgla;kstd M‚- v'ouh egktuus ç/kkuea=h ujsaæ eksnh dks i= fy[kdj dgk gS fdljdkjh chek daifu;ksa ds foy; ls ç/kkuea=h Qly chek;kstuk ¼ih,e,echokbZ½] ç/kkuea=h lqj{kk chek ;kstuk¼ih,e,lchokbZ½ vkSj ç/kkuea=h thou T;ksfr chek ;kstuk¼ih,etstschokbZ½ vkSj ç/kkuea=h tu vkjksX; ;kstuk¼ih,ets,okbZ½ tSlh ljdkj dh egRokdka{kh ;kstukvksa ijcqjk vlj iM+sxkA
M‚- egktu us i= esa dgk gS fd ljdkj us fdlkuksa]vlaxfBr {ks= ds etnwjksa vkSj xjhch js[kk ds uhps ds yksxksads fy, dbZ ;kstuk,a pkyw dh gSaA oSls rks ;s Ldhesa futhvkSj ljdkjh nksuksa {ks=ksa dh chek daifu;ksa dks ykxw djukpkfg,A ysfdu ljdkjh chek daifu;ka gh bu ;kstukvksadks ykxw djus esa dke dj jgh gSa D;ksafd os flQZ ykHkdekus ds fy, ugh gSaA vlaxfBr {ks= ds etnwjksa dksO;fäxr nq?kZVuk chek lqj{kk nsus okyh lqj{kk chek ;kstukdk 90 Qhlnh dkjksckj ljdkjh daifu;ka gh dj jgh gSaAtcfd blesa mUgsa 221 Qhlnh uqdlku gks jgk gSA futhdaifu;ka Hkkjh ?kkVk gksus ds dkj.k ;g ;kstuk ykxw ughadj jgh gSaA blh rjg Qly chek ;kstuk esa 50 Qhlnhlw[kkxzLr {ks= dks chek lqj{kk ljdkjh daifu;ksa }kjk nhtk jgh gSA tcfd blesa mUgsa 115 Qhlnh uqdlku gks jgkgSA tcfd futh daifu;ka csgrj {ks=ksa esa gh Qly cheklqj{kk ns jgh gSa] tgka ?kkVk dkQh de gSA blls Li"V gSfd fdlku chek lqj{kk ds fy, ljdkjh daifu;ksa ij fuHkZjgSaA xjhcksa dks LokLF; chek lqj{kk nsus okyh vk;q"ekuHkkjr esa 110 Qhlnh ?kkVk gksus ds ckotwn ljdkjh daifu;ksa
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Lons'kh if=dk &
lekpkj ifjØek
}kjk ykxw fd;k tk jgk gSA,lts,e dk dguk gS fd vxj ljdkjh daifu;ka Hkh
futh chek daifu;ksa dh rjg dke djus yxha rks ljdkjdh bu Ldheksa dk D;k gksxkA ,lts,e dk vuqeku gS fdbu rhuksa Ldheksa ls o"kZ 2018&19 rd ljdkjh chekdaifu;ksa dks fiNys rhu o"kksaZ esa dqy 7000 djksM+ #i;s dk?kkVk gqvkA vxj ?kkVs okys nwljs ?kkVs okys chek dkjksckjksadks tksM+ fy;k tk, rks ;g ?kkVk vkSj T;knk gksxkA ;ghugha] ljdkjh chek daifu;ka nwj&njkt ds {ks=ksa esa FkMZikVhZ eksVj okgu chek ;kstuk esa dkjksckj djrh gSa vkSjDyse nsrh gSaA ljdkjh daifu;ksa dks muds ?kkVs ds dkj.kv{ke crk;k tk jgk gS vkSj bl ?kkVs dks ikVus ds fy,mik; lq>k, tk jgs gSaA tcfd ,lts,e dk ekuuk gS fdljdkjh chek daifu;ksa dk ?kkVk fdlh v{kerk ds dkj.kugha cfYd nwj&njkt ds {ks=ksa esa vkSj lekt ds oafpr oxksaZdks lsok,a nsus ds dkj.k gks jgk gSA
,lts,e us dgk gS fd ljdkj chek lqj{kk c<+kukpkgrh gSA bl le; thMhih ds eqdkcys chek flQZ 3-69Qhlnh gSA ljdkjh daifu;ksa dh 50 Qhlnh 'kk[kk,a xkaoksavkSj NksVs dLcksa esa gSa] tgka os lekt ds xjhc rcds dks Hkhlsok,a nsrh gSa tcfd futh daifu;ksa dh vf/kdka'k ;kuhdjhc 100 Qhlnh 'kk[kk,a 'kgjh {ks=ksa esa gh gSaA
;g loZfofnr rF; gS fd ljdkjh chek difu;ksa}kjk ftu njksa ij chek lqj{kk nh tkrh gS] futh daifu;ksadks Hkh mUgha jsVksa ds vklikl viuh VSfjQ j[kuh iM+rh gSAvk'kadk gS fd tSls gh ljdkjh chek daifu;ksa dk foy;gks x;k] futh chek daifu;ksa dks vius jsV c<+kus dk ekSdkfey tk,xkA foy; ds i{k esa fn, tk jgs vU; rdZ Hkh[kks[kys gSaA
i= esa vkjksi yxk;k x;k gS fd foy; ds fy,lykgdkjksa us nqHkkZoukiw.kZ tkudkjh ds vk/kkj ij fufgrLokFkksZ ds pyrs foy; dh flQkfj'k dh gSA lykgdkjksa usrhuksa daifu;ksa ds foy; ds ckn vkbVh bUÝkLVªDpj esa,dhdj.k esa vkus okyh fnDdrksa dks ysdj ih,evks va/ksjsesa j[kk gSA ,lts,e us ekax dh gS fd foy; dh flQkfj'kksa
dks rRdky [kkfjt fd;k tkuk pkfg,A ljdkjh chekdaifu;ksa ds ?kkVs dks fu;af=r djus ds fy, LVkQ dhdk;Z{kerk c<+kus] vuko';d deh'ku can djus tSls {ks=ksaij Qksdl fd;k tkuk pkfg,A
https://www.outlookhindi.com/business-and-economy/policies/swadeshi-jagran-manch-to-pm-merger-of-public-sector-insurance-companies-disastrous-45145
Lons'kh e‚My ls vk;sxhlq[k&'kkafr] feysxk jkstxkj Hkh
nÙkksiar BsaxM+h tUe 'krkCnh lekjksg lfefr }kjkHkkjrh; etnwj la?k] Lons'kh tkxj.k eap] fdlku la?kvkfn ds laLFkkid nÙkksiar BsaxM+h dk tUe 'krkCnh lekjksgy{ehckbZ jk"Vªh; 'kkjhfjd f'k{kk laLFkku ¼,y,uvkbZihbZ½ds jfoaæukFk VSxksj Hkou esa vk;ksftr fd;k x;kA dk;ZØeds eq[; oäk Lons'kh tkxj.k fopkj foHkkx çeq[k lrh'kdqekj FksA bl volj ij mUgksaus dgk fd Hkkjrh; çkphufodkl dk e‚My yksxksa dks vkfFkZd :i ls etcwr djrkgSA jkstxkj] jk"Vªh;rk vkSj lq[k&'kkafr nsrk gSA
eq[; oäk Jh dqekj us dgk fd Hkkjr çkphu le;ls gh laiUu jgk gSA ;gka dh fodkl nj 31 Qhlnh jghgSA Lora=rk ds ckn Hkkjr jf'k;k ds e‚My ij pyk x;kAbldk urhtk ;g fudyk fd ns'k ds NksVs vkSj y?kq m|ksxpkSiV gks x,A i;kZoj.k fcxM+ x;kA xjhc vkSj xjhcgksrk x;k vkSj vehj vkSj vehjA 1991 ds n'kd esa Hkkjrvejhdk e‚My ij pyk ;g ç;ksx Hkh vlQy jgkA vktvesfjdk e‚My ds pyrs gekjk iSlk nokb;ksa esa tk jgk gSAyksxksa esa lq[k&pkSu ugha gSA dkj[kkus çnw"k.k QSy jgs gSavkSj xjhcksa dk Hkyk ugha gks jgk gSA tc rd Hkkjr Lons'khe‚My ugha viuk,xk rc rd lq[k&'kkafr ugha vk,xhAHkkjrh; e‚My viukus ls gh gj fdlh dks jkstxkj feysxkA
dk;ZØe dh v/;{krk iwoZ jkT;iky dIrku flglksyadh us dhA fof'k"V vfrfFk ds :i esa Xokfy;j lkalnfoosd 'kstoydj] fHkaM lkaln la/;k jk; vkSj ,y,uvkbZihbZds dqyifr fnyhi dqekj Mqjsgk FksA iwoZ jkT;iky Jhlksyadh us Jh BsaxM+h dk thou ifjp; fn;kA mUgksaus dgk
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Lons'kh if=dk &
lekpkj ifjØek
fd Jh BsaxM+h la?k ds çpkjd jgs vkSj nks ckj lkaln jgsAos dkQh jk"Vªoknh jgsA yksxksa dk thou Lrj Åapk mBkusds fy, os fnu jkr dke djrs jgrs FksA 1991 esa mUgksausLons'kh tkxj.k eap dh LFkkiuk dhA vkfFkZd 'kks"k.k jksdusvkSj jk"Vª Hkfä ds fy, mUgksaus Lons'kh tkxj.k eap dhLFkkiuk dhA Jh Mqjsgk us dgk fd Hkkjrh; 'kSyh ls gh vkeO;fä dk dk leqfpr fodkl gks ldrk gSA dk;ZØe esa;'koar baækiqjdj] M‚- ts,l uke/kkjh] M‚- mek'kadj ipkSjh]çHkkdj dsydj] eqds'k pkS/kjh] t; flag dq'kokg] vjfoanfeJk] dslh 'kekZ] furs'k 'kekZ vkfn mifLFkr FksA
https://www.bhaskar.com/mp/gwalior/news/mp-news-only-by-adopting-the-swadeshi-model-will-there-be-peace-and-peace-in-the-country-and-everyone-will-get-employment-072640-6586211.html
Lons'kh oLrqvksa ds cy ij Hkkjrcusxk fo'oxq#
Lons'kh tkxj.k eap dh vksj ls xksìk ds egkxkekvuqeaMy eq[;ky; ds mtkZuxj fLFkr jktsaæ LVsfM;e esa11 fnolh; HkO; Lons'kh esyk dk vkxkt fd;k x;kAesyk dk fof/kor mn~?kkVu vkjchvkb ds lsokfuoÙk {ks=h;funs'kd lg vf[ky Hkkjrh; Lons'kh eap ds lg la;kstdv#.k vks>k] ch,e,l ds iwoZ jk"Vªh; v/;{k chds jk;] eapds çkarh; la;kstd jkts'k mik/;k;] jeu >k] fo".kq flag],lMhvks gfjoa'k iafMr vkfn us la;qä :i ls fd;kA ekSdsij eq[; oäk vks>k us dgk fd Lons'kh Hkkjrh; tuekulds fy, cgqr t:jh gSA blh ls ns'k dk mRFkku gksxk vkSjblh Lons'kh ds cy ij Hkkjr fo'oxq# cusxkA
dgk fd esyk esa fofHkUu jkT;ksa ls dqVhj m|ksx ds ek/;e ls Lons'kh mRikn rS;kj djus okys Lons'kh laLFkkvksa dhvksj ls 123 LV‚y yxk, x, gSaA Lons'kh eqfge pykdj eapHkkjrh; laL—fr ,oa ijaijk ds laj{k.k vkSj lao/kZu ds viusvfHk;ku dks xfr ns jgk gSA egkxkek vuqeaMy varxZr ghjktegy dks;yk ifj;kstuk gSA fygktk ;g {ks= vkfFkZdnf"Vdks.k ls Hkh laiUu vkSj O;ofLFkr gSA ;gka fo'kky miHkksäkcktkj Hkh gSA Lons'kh mRikn ds vfèkdkfèkd mi;ksx ls ns'kds NksVs&NksVs m|fe;ksa dks Qk;nk gksxkA fons'kh oLrqvksa ij
fuHkZjrk de gksxh ftlls yksxksa dh Ø; 'kfä c<+sxh vkSjyksx ljdkj dks çR;{k VSDl ds :i esa vf/kd ls vf/kdlg;ksx dj ik,axsA tkfgj gS fd blls ljdkj dks vf/kd/ku dh çkfIr gksxh ftls og vkfFkZd] lkekftd] lkaL—frdvkSj lkefjd fodkl ds fy, [kpZ dj ik,xhA
bl volj ij nhi çToyu] LofLrd okpu ds cknLokxr xku Mh,oh ifCyd Ldwy ÅtkZuxj ds Nk= Nk=kvksads }kjk fd;k x;kA Nk=kvksa us oans ekrje dk xku ijcsgrjhu çLrqfr nhA ekSds ij esyk la;kstd dqaoj xksikyflag] vt; pkScs] lq'khy pkScs] fueZy ds'kjh] lrh'k dqekj>k] lqjs'k ikloku] ehfM;k çHkkjh ,lds eaMy] lathrflag] /khjt flag rksej vkfn FksA
https://www.jagran.com/jharkhand/godda-swadeshi-mela-20010665.html
dksjksuk ok;jl dk dgj!,d rjQ ns'k esa ,f'k;k ds lcls cM+s eksVj 'kks vkVks
,Dliks 2020 dk HkO; vk;kstu py jgk gS vkSj nwljh vksjphu ls vkus okyh ykbykt chekjh dksjksuk ok;jl dk dgjv‚Vks baMLVªh ds dkjksckj dks vius tn esa fy, gq, gSAdksjksuk ok;jl ds çlkj dh otg ls phu ls okgu dyiwtksaZdh vkiwfrZ çHkkfor gksus dks ysdj Hkkjrh; okgu m|ksxHk;Hkhr gS] ysfdu bldh okLrfod fLFkfr dqN fnu ckn ghlkeus vk ldsxh tc phu esa dkj[kkus nksckjk ls 'kq: gksaxsA
okgu fofuekZrkvksa ds laxBu lkslk;Vh v‚Q bafM;uv‚Vkseksckby eSU;qQSDpjlZ ¼,lvkbZ,,e½ us ;g tkudkjhnhA ,lvkbZ,,e us dgk fd og viuh lnL; daifu;ksa lsvkadM+s vkSj tkudkfj;ka tqVk jgh gS vkSj bldk fo'ys"k.kdjus esa dqN fnu yxsaxsA blds ckn gh ;g irk pyik,xk fd dksjksuk ok;jl dh otg ls dyiwtksaZ dhvkiwfrZ esa D;k dksbZ O;o/kku mRiUu gqvk gS\ ;fn gqvk gSrks mldk D;k çHkko gS\
,lvkbZ,,e ds egkfuns'kd jkts'k esuu us ;gkalaoknnkrkvksa ls dgk] ÞvHkh bl eqís ij fVIi.kh djuk tYnckthgksxhA eSa dsoy bruk dg ldrk gwa fd bls ysdj Hk; dhfLFkfr gS vkSj gj fdlh dks vkt dk bartkj gS D;ksafd phuhuoo"kZ dh Nqfê;ksa ds ckn ogka vkt ls cktkj [kqyus dhlaHkkouk gSAß esuu us dksjksuk ok;jl dh otg ls phu lsokgu dyiwtksaZ dh vkiwfrZ çHkkfor gksus dks ysdj ç'u fd;kx;k FkkA muls iwNk x;k fd ;fn phu ls dyiqtksaZ dhvkiwfrZ çHkkfor gksrh gS rks ns'k esa ,d vçSy ls ykxw gksus tkjgh BS&4 ls BS&6 ds cnyko ij D;k vlj iM+sxk\
esuu us dgk] Þgesa tYn gh blds çHkko dh lVhdfLFkfr vkSj laHkkfor fufgrkFkksaZ ds ckjs esa irk gksxkA ysfdu
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Lons'kh if=dk &
lekpkj ifjØek
,d ckr lkQ gS fd bls ysdj Hk; dk ekgkSy gSA ;gleL;k fdruh cM+h gksxh bl ckjs esa Li"V tkudkjh vxysdqN fnuksa esa gh irk py ik,xhA dyiqtksaZ dh vkiwfrZçHkkfor gksus ls ch,l&6 O;oLFkk dks ykxw djus dh rkjh[kvkxs c<+kus ds fy, fl;ke ds mPpre U;k;ky; tkus ds ckjsesa esuu us dgk] Þ;g cgqr tYnckth gksxhA gesa gekjhlnL; daifu;ksa ds fu.kZ; dk bartkj djuk gksxkA vxys nksls rhu fnu esa fLFkfr T;knk lkQ gksxhA mUgksaus dgk fd]okgu m|ksx {ks= esa igys] nwljs vkSj rhljs ntsZ ds vkiwfrZdrkZgksrs gSa vkSj bu lHkh dh tkudkjh vkuk ckdh gSA
fl;ke lnL; daifu;ksa ds laidZ gSa vkSj tc mudsikl vf/kd vkadM+s ,oa tkudkjh gksxh og ns[ksaxs fd D;kdjus dh t:jr gSA dksjksuk ok;jl dh leL;k ds ckjs esatc ek#fr lqtqdh bafM;k ds çca/k funs'kd vkSj eq[;dk;Zdkjh vf/kdkjh dsfuph ls iwNk x;k rks mUgksaus dgkfd ekStwnk fLFkfr esa fdlh dks dqN ugha irk gSA mYys[kuh;gS fd phu esa dksjksuk ok;jl ds çlkj dk vlj oSf'odvFkZO;oLFkk ij iM+ jgk gSA bldh otg ls ogka dbZdkj[kkus can gks x, gSaA bl egkekjh ls vc rd nqfu;kHkjesa 900 ls vf/kd yksxksa dh ekSr gks pqdh gSA tcfd 40]000ls vf/kd yksx blls xzLr gSaA
https://www.jansatta.com/business/car-bike/coronavirus-effects-auto-industry-concerned-supply-china-siam/1314185/
xksok dh çfr O;fä vk; ns'k esalcls T;knk
xksok dh çfr O;fä vk; 5-02 yk[k #i, gS] tks ns'kesa lcls T;knk gSA ;g ckr xksok ds ctV esa dgh xbZ]ftls xksok ds eq[; ea=h çeksn lkoar us is'k fd;kA lkoarus 353-61 djksM+ #i, dk fjosU;w ljIyl ctV is'k fd;kgSA mudk ctV 21]056-35 djksM+ #i, dk gSA lkoar dsikl jkT; ds foÙk ea=ky; dh Hkh ftEesnkjh gSA ctV dseqrkfcd xksok dh th,lMhih ¼xz‚l LVsV M‚esfLVd çksMDV½2019&20 esa vuqekfur 84]888-89 djksM+ #i, jghA xksokdh fodkl nj djhc 10 Qhlnh ntZ dh xbZA
xksok ds ctV esa [kuu m|ksx esa fQj ls tku Qwadus]
nwj njkt ds {ks=ksa esa i;ZVu dk fodkl djus] esfMdy]bZdks&VwfjTe vkSj dkjksckjh lgwfy;r dks dks çkFkfedrknh xbZ gSA ctV esa xksok dk fodkl lEesyu dsaæ vkSjf'k{kk gc ds :i esa djus dh Hkh ckr dgh xbZ gSA
vU; ckrksa ds vykok ctV esa d‚yst ds Nk=ksa oLukrdksa ds fy, ,d ,çsafV'kf'ki ;kstuk Hkh is'k dh xbZAbldk dk;kZUo;u xksok áweu fjlkslsZt MsoyiesaV d‚jiksjs'kudjsxkA uhfr vk;ksx dh rtZ ij xksok baLVhVîwV v‚Q
¶;wpj VªkalQ‚esZ'ku dk xBu djus dk Hkh çLrko jkT; dsctV esa is'k fd;k x;k gSAhttps://money.bhaskar.com/news/MON-ECN-POLI-goas-per-capita-income-is-highest-in-the-country-
126688072.html
^ou us'ku] ou jk'ku dkMZ* dkykHk mBkus ds fy, fyad djk ysa
jk'ku dkMZ&vk/kkjdsaæh; ea=h jke foykl ikloku us dgk gS fd
iwoksZÙkj ds dqN jkT;ksa dks NksM+dj iwjs ns'k esa twu] 2020rd ^ou us'ku] ou jk'ku dkMZ* ;kstuk dks ykxw dj fn;ktk,xkA bl ;kstuk ds rgr t‚c ;k vU; otgksa ls nwljsjkT;ksa esa tkus ij Hkh vkidks fj;k;rh njksa ij jk'kulkexzh feyrh jgsxhA blls djksM+ksa yksxksa dks Qk;nk gksusdh mEehn gSA dbZ jkT;ksa esa igys gh ;g Ldhe ykxw gkspqdh gSA bl ;kstuk ds rgr ykHkkfFkZ;ksa dh igpku vk/kkj ;k ck;kseSfVªd lR;kiu ds tfj, gksuh gSA vxj vkiHkh lfClMh okyh jk'ku lkexzh [kjhnuk pkgrs gSa rksvkidks le; jgrs vius jk'ku dkMZ vkSj vk/kkj dkMZ dksfyad djk ysuk pkfg,A
,sls esa loky mBrk gS fd jk'ku dkMZ vkSj vk/kkjdkMZ dks fyad djus dh çfØ;k D;k gSA ;g cgqr gh ljyçfØ;k gSA vkb, tkurs gSa vk/kkj dkMZ tkjh djus okyhlaLFkk ;wvkbZMh,vkbZ ds eqrkfcd jk'ku dkMZ vkSj vk/kkj
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Lons'kh if=dk &
izsl foKfIr
Lons'kh tkxj.k eap ctV 2020&21 esa eRl;u] ckxokuh ,oa vU; xSj d`f"k dk;ksZa ds ek/;e ls xzkeh.k jkstxkjdks izksRlkgu] nqX/k izlaLdj.k {kerk dsk nqxuk djus] eqDr O;kikj le>kSrksa esa :y vkWQ vkWfjftu ¼mRifÙk ds fu;e½ykxw dj phu ls vk;krksa ij vadq'k yxkus] QuhZpj] f[kykSuksa] esfMdy midj.kksa vkfn ij vk;kr 'kqYd yxkdj ns'kds m|ksxksa dks laj{k.k iznku djrs gq, ?kjsyw mRiknu c<+Kus ds iz;klksa ds fy, Hkkjr ljdkj vkSj fo'ks"krkSj ij foÙkea=h fueZyk lhrkje.k dk vkHkkj O;Dr djrk gSA
Lons'kh tkxj.k eap dk ekuuk gS fd iwoZ ljdkjksa ds eqDr O;kikj fl)kar ls vHkhHkwr gksus ds dkj.k eqDr O;kikjle>kSrksa vkSj yxkrkj vk;kr 'kqYd ?kVkrs tkus ls ns'k esa fons'kh vk;krksa dh ck<+ vkrh jgh vkSj gekjk O;kikj ?kkVkfiNys 20 lkyksa esa 30 xq.kk ls T;knk c<+ x;kA blls ns'k ds NksVs&cM+s m|ksx u"V gksrs x;s] eSU;wQSDpfjax ?kVus yxhvkSj ;qokvksa ds fy, jkstxkj ds volj Hkh ?kVus yxsA fiNys lkyksa esa Hkkjr ljdkj }kjk u;s eqDr O;kikj le>kSrksaij jksd yxkus] vk;kr 'kqYdksa dks c<+kus] ,aVh Mafiax M;wVh vkSj ekud yxkdj vk;krksa dks jksdus ls ns'k esa eSU;wQSDpfjax]fo'ks"krkSj ij miHkksDrk oLrqvksa] VsyhdkWe] bySDVªkfud] jlk;uksa vkfn ds mRiknu esa lq/kkj gksuk 'kq: gqvk gS] ftldsfy, ljdkj c/kkbZ dh ik= gSA
ysfdu lkFk gh lkFk Lons'kh tkxj.k eap ljdkj }kjk f'k{kk ds {ks= esa izR;{k fons'kh fuos'k ¼,QMhvkbZ½ dk iqjtksjfojksèk djrk gSA Lons'kh tkxj.k eap dk ;g ekuuk gS fd blds ek/;e ls f'k{kk esa lq/kkj gksus ds ctk, fcxkM+ ghgksxkA fons'kh daifu;ka vkSj nks;e ntsZ ds f'k{kk laLFkku ns'k esa f'k{kk dh nqdkuas t:j [kksy nsaxsA ns'k esa ubZ f'k{kk uhfrcu jgh gS vkSj f'k{kk ds Lrj dks fljs ls csgrj cukus dk iz;kl py jgk gSA ,sls esa fons'kh f'k{kk dh nqdkusa ns'k esaf'k{kk dk Lrj lq/kkjus esa ck/kk cusaxhA gekjk ekuuk gS fd ns'k ds f'k{kk Lrj esa lq/kkj] ns'k dh t:jrksa ds vuqlkj f'k{kkvkSj izf'k{k.k gh ns'k ds fodkl esa lgk;d gks ldrs gSaA Lons'kh tkxj.k eap dk ekuuk gS fd ljdkj fiNys rhu n'kdksaesa ,QMhvkbZ ds Qk;ns&uqdlkuksa ds ckjs esa] [kklrkSj ij fons'kh daifu;ksa }kjk fons'kh eqnzk ds cfgZxe.k ds vkadM+ksa lesr],d 'osr i= tkjh djs] rkfd mi;qDr vuqHkoksa ds vk/kkj ij vkxs dh dk;Zuhfr cusA
Lons'kh tkxj.k eap dk ekuuk gS fd ns'k esa cpr laLd`fr dks c<+kok nsus dh t:jr gSA ,sls esa O;SfDrd dj iz.kkyhds u;s fodYi esa NwVksa dks ?kVkrs gq,] cpr ds izksRlkguksa dks fey jgh NwVksa dks u gVk;k tk;sA ns'k ds vius lalk/kuksa ds vk/kkj ij gh ns'k dk fodkl laHko gSA blfy, cpr] tks igys ls gh de gqbZ gS] dks c<+kok fn;k tkuk pkfg,A
Lons'kh tkxj.k eap] y?kq m|ksxksa ds fy, buokW;l] foÙkh;u] lesr vU; izksRlkguksa] LVkVZ&vi ds fy, u;s djizkoèkkuksa vkSj vU; mik;ksa dh ljkguk djrk gSA vk'kk dh tk ldrh gS fd vk;krksa ij vadq'k yxkus vkSj ns'k esa y?kqm|ksxksa dks izksRlkgu nsdj eSU;wQSDpfjax c<+us ls ns'k esa jkstxkj vkSj dq'ky&{kse c<+kus esa enn feysxhA gekjk ;g Hkhekuuk gS fd ljdkj dk xzkeh.k fodkl ds fy, 16 lw=h; ,tasM+k Lokxr ;ksX; gS] ysfdu mlds fy, ctVh; izko/kkuksa dks c<+kus dh vko';drk gSA
uacj dks fyad djus dh çfØ;k D;k gS&1- vius ifjokj ds lnL;ksa ds vk/kkj dkMZ ,oa jk'ku
dkMZ dh QksVksd‚ih djk ysaA2- vxj vkidk cSad vdkmaV vkSj vk/kkj dkMZ fyad ugha
gS rks cSad ds iklcqd dh Hkh ,d QksVksd‚ih ys ysaA3- ifjokj ds eqf[k;k dk ikliksVZ lkbt dk ,d QksVks
Hkh ys yhft, vkSj bu nLrkostksa dks PDS ;kuh dhjk'ku dh nqdku ij tek djk nhft,A
4- ihMh,l nqdkunkj vkidks fQaxjfçaV vkbZMh dkslR;kfir djus ds fy, dg ldrk gSA
5- lacaf/kr foHkkx rd nLrkost igqapus ds ckn vkidks
,l,e,l ;k bZesy ls lwfpr fd;k tkrk gSA6- Ration Card&Aadhaar Linking dh çfØ;k iwjh gksus ds
ckn vkidks ,l,e,l ds tfj, lwpuk fey tkrh gSARation Card &Aadhaar Link ds tfj, ljdkj ;g
lqfuf'pr djuk pkgrh gS fd ,d O;fä ds ikl ,d ghjk'ku dkMZ gksA blls ljdkj oSls yksxksa dks Hkh fpfàr djldsxh] ftudh vk; ihMh,l ;kstuk ds rgr ykHk çkIrdjus ds fy, t:jh vfuok;Zrk ls T;knk gSA bllsvfèkd&ls&vf/kd ik= yksxksa rd bl lqfo/kk dk ykHkigqapkus esa enn feysxhA
https://www.jagran.com/business/biz-know-the-step-by-step-process-for-ration-card-aadhaar-linking-to-avail-one-nation-one-ration-card-scheme-benefits-20011519.html
lekpkj ifjØek
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Lons'kh if=dk &
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Lons'kh if=dk &
![FnIO G-Series: GN-9481 / GN-9482 / GN-9483Spec] GN-9481_GN...Run-Time System Multiple PLC Tasks Program Languages IEC 61131-3 (LD, IL, ST, FBD, SFC) OPC-Server GN-9481 Not supporting](https://static.fdocuments.net/doc/165x107/5fcf359602c376594f0af992/fnio-g-series-gn-9481-gn-9482-gn-9483-spec-gn-9481gn-run-time-system-multiple.jpg)
