Roof Design. Topics of Discussions Roof types Roof construction terms Slope vs. Pitch Roof...

20
Roof Design Roof Design

Transcript of Roof Design. Topics of Discussions Roof types Roof construction terms Slope vs. Pitch Roof...

Page 1: Roof Design. Topics of Discussions Roof types Roof construction terms Slope vs. Pitch Roof terminology Metal framing connectors Roof ventilation.

Roof DesignRoof Design

Page 2: Roof Design. Topics of Discussions Roof types Roof construction terms Slope vs. Pitch Roof terminology Metal framing connectors Roof ventilation.

Topics of DiscussionsTopics of Discussions

• Roof types

• Roof construction terms

• Slope vs. Pitch

• Roof terminology

• Metal framing connectors

• Roof ventilation

Page 3: Roof Design. Topics of Discussions Roof types Roof construction terms Slope vs. Pitch Roof terminology Metal framing connectors Roof ventilation.

Basic ShapesBasic Shapes

• Gable Roof

• Hip Roof

• Flat Roof

• Shed Roof

• Gambrel Roof

• Mansard Roof

• A-Frame Roof

Page 4: Roof Design. Topics of Discussions Roof types Roof construction terms Slope vs. Pitch Roof terminology Metal framing connectors Roof ventilation.

Basic ShapeBasic Shape

• Gable Roof– Slopes in

from two sides

– Gable ends allow for attic venting

Page 5: Roof Design. Topics of Discussions Roof types Roof construction terms Slope vs. Pitch Roof terminology Metal framing connectors Roof ventilation.

Basic ShapeBasic Shape

• Hip Roof– Slopes in

from all four sides

– No gable ends for vent attic

Page 6: Roof Design. Topics of Discussions Roof types Roof construction terms Slope vs. Pitch Roof terminology Metal framing connectors Roof ventilation.

Basic ShapeBasic Shape

• Flat Roof– Requires a

built-up roof

– Slight slope of 1/4” to 12” helps drainage

Page 7: Roof Design. Topics of Discussions Roof types Roof construction terms Slope vs. Pitch Roof terminology Metal framing connectors Roof ventilation.

Basic ShapeBasic Shape

• Shed Roof– 3/12 or more

slope– Can be shingled– Economical like

flat roof

Page 8: Roof Design. Topics of Discussions Roof types Roof construction terms Slope vs. Pitch Roof terminology Metal framing connectors Roof ventilation.

Basic ShapeBasic Shape

• Gambrel Roof

– Two slopes from two sides

– Traditional “Barn” shape

– 2nd story under roof

Page 9: Roof Design. Topics of Discussions Roof types Roof construction terms Slope vs. Pitch Roof terminology Metal framing connectors Roof ventilation.

Basic ShapeBasic Shape

• Mansard Roof– Two slopes

from two sides– Top nearly flat– 2nd story

within the roof area

Page 10: Roof Design. Topics of Discussions Roof types Roof construction terms Slope vs. Pitch Roof terminology Metal framing connectors Roof ventilation.

Basic ShapeBasic Shape

• A-frame Roof– Steep for snow

country– Roof and ceiling

same structure

Page 11: Roof Design. Topics of Discussions Roof types Roof construction terms Slope vs. Pitch Roof terminology Metal framing connectors Roof ventilation.

Roof ConstructionRoof Construction

• Basic terms:– slope/pitch--incline of roof

– roof member terms--structure of roof

– eave/cornice--detail showing wall to roof const

– fascia--visible member attached to end of rafters

– ridge--top of roof

– sheathing--material covering the top of rafters

– rafter/ceiling joist--structure framing of roof

– soffit--underneath side of roof overhang

– vents--in soffit, allows air circulation in attic

Page 12: Roof Design. Topics of Discussions Roof types Roof construction terms Slope vs. Pitch Roof terminology Metal framing connectors Roof ventilation.

Slope Vs. PitchSlope Vs. Pitch

• Slope = Rise/Run– expressed as a ratio– always a base of 12– placed on dwg. 12

4

Slope symbol

Text book error (noted as pitch symbol)

•Pitch = Rise/Span• expressed as fraction• reduce to smallest

fraction• not placed on drawing, helpful to carpenter

Page 13: Roof Design. Topics of Discussions Roof types Roof construction terms Slope vs. Pitch Roof terminology Metal framing connectors Roof ventilation.

Roof TermsRoof Terms

• Span– Distance across the building

Page 14: Roof Design. Topics of Discussions Roof types Roof construction terms Slope vs. Pitch Roof terminology Metal framing connectors Roof ventilation.

Roof TermsRoof Terms

• Run– 1/2 the distance across the building (1/2 span

distance)

Page 15: Roof Design. Topics of Discussions Roof types Roof construction terms Slope vs. Pitch Roof terminology Metal framing connectors Roof ventilation.

Roof TermsRoof Terms

• Rise– The distance the roof rises (distance from the

square of house to ridge)

Page 16: Roof Design. Topics of Discussions Roof types Roof construction terms Slope vs. Pitch Roof terminology Metal framing connectors Roof ventilation.

Roof TermsRoof Terms

• Pitch– The fraction of the rise over span

Page 17: Roof Design. Topics of Discussions Roof types Roof construction terms Slope vs. Pitch Roof terminology Metal framing connectors Roof ventilation.

Roof TermsRoof Terms

• Slope– Slope is stated as a ratio of rise over run with

run always as 12

Page 18: Roof Design. Topics of Discussions Roof types Roof construction terms Slope vs. Pitch Roof terminology Metal framing connectors Roof ventilation.

Slope vs Pitch vs AngleSlope vs Pitch vs Angle

• Slope Pitch Angle

• 3:12 1/8 14°0’0”

• 4:12 1/6 18°30’

• 5:12 5/24 22°30’

• 6:12 1/4 26°30’

Page 19: Roof Design. Topics of Discussions Roof types Roof construction terms Slope vs. Pitch Roof terminology Metal framing connectors Roof ventilation.

Roof Member TerminologyRoof Member Terminology

Page 20: Roof Design. Topics of Discussions Roof types Roof construction terms Slope vs. Pitch Roof terminology Metal framing connectors Roof ventilation.

Metal Framing ConnectorsMetal Framing Connectors

•Keeps structural members from separating