Chapter 8 Section 1World HistoryMrs. Deborah Thompson

Geography played an important role in the rise of Roman civilization.

Italy is a narrow peninsula in the Mediterranean that looks like a high-heeled boot jutting into the sea.

The Apennine Mountains run all the way down the boot from north to south.

The Apennines can be crossed more easily than the mountains of Greece.

Groups from the north settled in Italy between 1500 B.C. and 1000 B.C.

Newcomers were attracted to mild climate and rich soil, and among these were the Latins, who built the city of Rome on the plain of Latium in central Italy.

Where was Rome located?The site chosen was about 15 miles up the Tiber River from the Mediterranean Sea. Rome became a stopping point for people traveling north and south in western Italy and for merchant ships sailing in the western Mediterranean Sea.

A bridge over the Tiber River

The traditional story is that twin brothers Romulus and Remus founded the city.

As babies they were abandoned near the Tiber River and rescued by a wolf and raised by a shepherd.

They decided to build the city in 753 B.C. but fought as Remus made fun of the wall that his brother was building.

Romulus killed Remus and then became the first king of Rome.

Check for UnderstandingTrue or False

1.A myth is a true story. 2.Romulus and Remus were twin brothers.3.The twin babies were thrown into the river Nile.4. Italy and Greece are both peninsulas. 5.The babies were rescued by a she wolf. 6. Italy has three mountain ranges. 7.The brothers were found by a shepherd.8. The land of Italy is shaped like a glove.9. Remus killed Romulus.10. Romes location helped it become a center for trade.

The other story involves the Aenied written by Roman poet Virgil. It is the story of the Trojan hero Aeneas. He and his followers are said to have sailed the Med. Sea after the Greeks captured Troy. The Trojans landed at the mouth of the Tiber. Aeneas united the Trojans and the Latins through war and then marriage to the local kings daughter. He became the father of the Romans.

The other story involves the Aenied written by Roman poet Virgil. It is the story of the Trojan hero Aeneas. He and his followers are said to have sailed the Med. Sea after the Greeks captured Troy. The Trojans landed at the mouth of the Tiber. Aeneas united the Trojans and the Latins through war and then marriage to the local kings daughter. He became the father of the Romans.

After 800 B.C., other groups migrated to Italy.From the Greeks the Romans learned to grow olives and grapes, the Greek alphabet, architecture, sculpture, and literature.

The Greeks and the Etruscans played a major role in shaping Roman civilization.Many Greeks came when they were building colonies between 750 B.C. and 550 B.C.

They left behind painted scenes showing bloody battles and pride in their military. They had an army that served as the model for the mighty army the Romans eventually assembled. They changed Rome from a village of straw huts to a city with wood and brick buildings, streets, temples, public buildings around a central square More on theEtruscans!They taught Romans new dress with cloaks and togas (loose garments draped over one shoulder)

The Romans created a Republic and conquered Italy. By treating people fairly, they built Rome from a small city into a great power.

The Etruscans ruled Rome for more than 100 years. In 509 B.C. the Romans overthrew the Tarquins and set up a republic. In a republic the CITIZENS have power! The ruling family, called the Tarquins, grew more and more cruel. A republic is a form of government in which the leader is not a king or queen but someone put in office by citizens with the right to vote.

Remember when I told you That the Romans used Realismin their sculpture? He is Scary Real!!

The results were So this happened Then this happened And that led to this Started with

Rome was able to conquer Italy because the Romans were excellent soldiers.All male citizens that owned land had to serve in the army.Discipline was harsh, and deserters were punished by death.http://www.schoolsliaison.org.uk/kids/romancent.htm

Horrible Histories VideoConscriptionDecimationSurviving the Roman Army

They built permanent military settlements in the areas they conquered.

They built roads between these towns that allowed troops to travel swiftly to any place in their growing territory.

The Romans granted other peoples the status of allies. They knew that conquered peoples would be more loyal to the government if they were well treated. Allies were free to run their own local affairs but had to pay taxes to the republic and provide soldiers for the army.Romans were not afraid to use force if necessary to put down any revolt.