Romantic Time Period - Steelton-Highspire High School · Romantic Music Classical Romantic Melody...
Transcript of Romantic Time Period - Steelton-Highspire High School · Romantic Music Classical Romantic Melody...
Romantic Time Period
1825-1900
The Age of expression
General Characteristics
• Revolutions-Political, Industrial, Social
• Scientific Advances
• Nationalism
• Nature
Characteristics of Romantic Art and
Literature• Emphasis on Nature and Love
• Aesthetic experience
-pleasing to the senses
• Intellectual
• Reaction against the age of
The enlightenment
Wanderer Above the Sea of
Fog, by Casper David Friedrich,
1818
Differences?
Classical Art (Bottom)
Romantic Art (Top)
Eldena Ruin by Casper David
Friedrich 1825
Painting by: David Jacques-Lois
The Lictors Returning to Brutus the Bodies of
his Sons
Authors of the Romantic Period• Charles Dickens-England
– famous work “A Christmas carol”
• Edger Allan Poe-America
– Famous poem “the raven”
• William Wordsworth-England
– Poem “Tintern Abbey”
Musical Characteristics• Longer phrases
• Chromaticism
• Longer Symphonies
• Extended chord tones (adding notes)
Differences with Classical and
Romantic MusicClassical Romantic
Melody Disjunct and conjunct Often lyrical, long irregular
phrases
Harmony Modulation to closely related
keys
Increased use of modulation
Rhythm Mixture, not always driving Frequent change in meters
with different movements
Form Sonata Allegro, Opera Same as classical but
expanded
Texture Homophonic Homophonic
Ideals of Classical Music vs. Romantic
MusicClassical Romantic
Music stayed in the lines Music explored outside the lines
Modulation to very close keys Modulated to unrelated keys
Beethoven led the way to the Romantic time period.
You can hear major differences between his 5th symphony and his 9th
symphony
Art Song
• Solo voice and Piano
• Often short
• High artistic and literary quality
• Ends with a postlude (played by the piano)
Turn my piano to the side!
• Jan Ladislav Dussek
• Wanted his admirers to be able to see his profile.
Piano Music of Liszt and Chopin
Liszt Chopin
Pulsating chordal background to melodies Very Lyrical
Limited range Used a wide range of notes
Johannes Brahms• May 7, 1833- April 3, 1897
• Born in Hamburg, Germany
• Moved to Vienna, Austria
• composer and pianist
• Was considered the successor
of Beethoven
• Composed over 215 works
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
• May 7, 1840- November 6, 1893
• Born in Russia
• Studied music against parents will
• Mentally unstable
• Composed hundreds of pieces
• Died from E coli
• Famous compositions include
– The Nutcracker
– 1812 Overture
– Swan Lake
– Sleeping Beauty
Richard Wagner• May 22 1813-February 13, 1883
• Born in Germany
• Known for complex texture, rich
harmonies and large orchestration
• Adolf Hitler admired his music
• Famous compositions include
– Ride of the Valkyries
– Wedding March
Franz Peter Schubert
• January 31 1797- November 19, 1828
• Austrian composer
• Over 600 compositions
• Wrote piano music for 4 hands
• Famous compositions include
– Marche Militaire D 733 No. 1
Famous Romantic Composers in order of birth
Schubert
Chopin
Liszt
Wagner
Brahms
Tchaikovsky
Symphonies
• Brahms
– 4
• Tchaikovsky
– 6
• Schubert
– 9
Program Music
• A type of art music
• Often times included a narration in the
concert program that painted a picture or a
scene.
• Counteracted absolute music.
How did Romantic operas differ from
Classical OperasClassical Romantic
Short melodic lines Longer melodic lines with chromaticism
Backed up by small ensemble or organ Backed up by larger ensembles or orchestra
German Operas-Romantic Italian Operas-Romantic
Instrumental part just as important as vocal Vocal line predominant
Rubato
• Stolen Time
• Slowing down to add tension
• Didn’t keep a steady beat
• Chopin mastered this technique
Nationalism
• Patriotic Music
• Composers have pride in their country and put
folk songs into their compositions
• Ex: Mussorgsky-Pictures at an exhibition
The “Mighty 5” Russian nationalist
composers• Mily Balakirev
• Nikolay Rimsky-Korsakov
• Modest Mussorgsky
• Alecksandr Borodin
• Cesar Cui
Romantic Instruments
• Woodwind
– Saxophone
• Brass
– Tuba
– French horn
• Keyboard
– Xylophone
Listening example 1
• Composer: Richard Wagner
• Title: “Ride Of The Valkyries”
• Date: 1854
• Texture: Homophonic
• Form: Opera
• Additional Information: Instrumental version as
well.
Listening example 2
• Composer: Tchaikovsky
• Title: Nutcracker Suite “Trepak”
• Date: 1892
• Texture: Homophonic
• Form: Ballet
• Additional information: Set of dances
Listening Example 3
• Composer: Mussorgsky
• Title:” Night on bald mountain”
• Date: 1867
• Texture: Homophonic
• Form: Tone Poem
• Additional Information: The
actual real title is “A Night On
Bare Mountain” Meaning a
mountain without trees.
21) Do you consider yourself a classic
or romantic
• And why?