ROLE OF REMOTE SENSING FOR THE SURVEILLENCE OF VIBRIOS

IN THE ENVIRONMENT

D. Jay Grimes

The University of Southern MississippiGulf Coast Research Laboratory

Ocean Springs, MS 39564

Vibrios in the Environment 2010Beau Rivage Resort and Casino

Biloxi, MS

What are the Health Risks from Marine Vibrios?

• Vibrio cholerae– Cholera– Wound infections– Gastroenteritis

• Vibrio vulnificus– Primary septicemiaa

– Wound infectionsb

– Gastroenteritis??• Vibrio parahaemolyticus

– Gastroenteritis– Wound infections

• And there are other Vibrio agents of risk

a b

Satellite-based Remote Sensing

• Satellites can now detectmany physical and chemicalsignals from the ocean

• Emitted signals, e.g., seasurface temperature (SST),are the most dependable

• Shallow coastal areas, cloud cover, haze, and storms present problems to accurate RS

• Many RS signals correlate well with real-time or in situ measurements

• A major current problem is that many satellites have reached the end of their useful life

OHHI Objective 2 Results: Predicted Vp vs. observed Vp correlated

Mean log10 V. parahaemolyticus/g = -0.84 + 0.11 x SSTr = 0.692 for IS and r = 0.673 for RS

(Phillips et al., 2007, J. Food Prot. 70:879-884, Figure 1)

OHHI Objective 2 Results: Relationship between total Vp (tlh) and salinity

(Zimmerman et al., Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 73:7589-7596 , Figure 4.A.)

log(tlh /ml) = 0.0921 x salinity - 0.22R2 = 0.56

-1

0

1

2

3

0 10 20 30

salinity (ppt)

log

10 tlh

/ml

(A)

This is where we’re at

Vibrio Remote Sensing Report

http://www.eol.ucar.edu/projects/ohhi/vibrio/

Recent Maps that Include Salinity

average log(Vp/g) = -2.05 + 0.097*TWATER + 0.2*SAL - 0.0055*SAL2

Next: Nowcasting to Forecasting

• V. parahaemolyticus in molluscan shellfish

• V. vulnificus in molluscan shellfish

• Vibrios in coastal water at bathing beaches10,000 Vp/g at

30o15’52”N, 89o06’48”W

SST from MODISPrecise data from a “Tricorder”

Marine Microbial Ecology GroupThe University of Southern Mississippi

Gulf Coast Research Laboratory

“Grimes et al.”: Nick Noriea, Marcia Pendleton, Dawn Rebarchik, Rachelle Williams, Kim Griffitt, Tracy Berutti, Becky Hardgrove, Jay Grimes, Halley Murray, Misty Schaubhut, Adrienne Flowers

Crystal Johnson and Andrea Phillips Zimmerman

FDAAndy DePaolaJohn BowersNRL-SSCS. LadnerR. Gould