ROLE AND ROLE EFFECTIVENESSGroup-6

Section-C

ROLE VS OFFICE

Based on power relationsRelated privilegesUsually hierarchicalCreated by othersPart of the structureEvaluative

OFFICE is a relational concept, defining each position in terms of its relationship to others.

ROLE is the place in a social system defined by the functions in response to the one’s own and significant member’s expectations from that office or positions

Based on maturityRelated obligationsNon- hierarchicalCreated by others and selfPart of the dynamicsDescriptive

Role Occupan

t

Held by

ROLESENDERS

EXPECTATIONS

ROLE- INTEGRATING POINT OF ORGANIZATION AND INDIVIDUAL

Once a person becomes a member of a social system, he/she receives as well as projects certain expectations to others. There are two approaches to it:-

In Role Taking approach, the sending and receiving together influences the individual’s role behavior.

Role Taking is concerned with the identification of the self with the role.

Organization Goals

Needs

Structure

Personality

Role

Individual

Reactive or Role Taking Approach

Proactive or Role Making approach

Role Sending

Role Receiving

Role Behavior

Role Episode

ROLE SYSTEMS AND SETS

Role Space -

Role Sets –

Inter role distance indicate distance b/w occupant’s role and other roles. Smaller distance indicates higher role linkages

SELF Various roles an individual occupies

Inter- relationshipInter- relationship

The interpretation of ‘ I ’ , cognitive structure which evolves from past experience and other person and object.

Particular role

Other roles in the system

Pattern of

Inter- relationship

ROLE EFFICACY

Potential Effectiveness of an individual occupying a particular role in an organization.

Psychological factor underlying role effectiveness.

Factors Affecting Role Efficacy

1. Role MakingActive Attitude towards the role to define and mould the role into ones liking.

Self-Role Integration – The more the use of our strengths, the more the efficacy.

Proactivity – Taking initiative to start new activities and redefine the role.

Creativity – Roles should allow personal creativity to solve problems.

Conformation – Being able to confront problems and take responsibility.

2. ROLE CENTERING

It is the feeling associated with the importance of ones role in the organization.

People who feel that their role is central and important to the organization have high Role Efficacy and vice-versa leads to low role efficacy.

Perceived importance of role is due to:-

InfluencePersonal Growth

More the influence exercise more the efficacy. We can increase it by delegating authority, give details of decision made etc.

Perception of opportunity to grow and develop gives high efficacy while feeling of job stagnation leads to lower efficacy. It can be increased by appreciating subordinates work, cooperate with them to overcome shortcomings and delegate challenges

3. ROLE LINKING

o Inter-linking of roles in a systemo Joint effort: Different role occupants functioning in tandem increase role efficacyo Isolation: Sense of seclusion reduces role efficacy

o Assistanceo Openness: Conducive work environment with individuals open to co-operation increases role

efficacy o Availability: Feeling of being supported by others increases role efficacy

o Super-ordinationo Boundless: Role system extends above single system. It is influenced by other role systems and

vice versa.o Super-ordinate goal: Feeling of working towards a super-ordinate goal positively affects a role’s

efficacy.

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