Rogam Maranam Mayyith Samskaranam

7/30/2019 Rogam Maranam Mayyith Samskaranam

1/73

3tcmKw acWw anv kwkvI-cWw

kn apl-Zv keow kpan

tcmKwacWwanv kwkvI-cWw

(aq -mw ]Xn - v )


2/73

4 tcmKw acWw anv kwkvI-cWw

P.B NO: 524, R.M.ROAD, KOZHIKODE-2, PHONE: 0495 2701812

MALAYALAM

TITLE :ROGAM, MARANAM, MAYYITH SAMSKARANAM

AUTHOR : MOHAMMED SALEEM SULLAMI

COVER : SALIH & MUJ EEB KOKKUR

FIRST EDITION : 1987

SECOND EDITION : APRIL 2006THIRD EDITION : DEC 2009

DTP: MICROPRINT, CALICUT-2

PRINTING: KAIRALI OFFSET PRINTS, CLT-2

PRICE: RS. 35.00

YBH 07, C 2000

COPYRIGHT RESERVED WITH PUBLISHER


3/73


{]km[Ipdnv

Ckvem-anI \nb-a-\ntZ-i--fn P\\-a-c-W-nS-bn-ep Imcy--sfmw hy-ambn hni-Zo-I-cn--s-n-p-v. Fnepw \_n-N-cyIfpw \qX\ {]h-W-X-Ifpw thXn-cn--dn-bm Ign-bm hn[w A-hn-izm-k-fpwA\m-Nm-c-fpw CS-I-enpv ]e cwK-pw.AXn {][m-\-amWv ac-Wm-\-c {]h-\-.

"tcmKw, acWw, av kwkvI-cWw'F Cu {K-n apkvenw Ah-iyw Adn-n-cn-t-Xpw sXn-m-c-W-I-f-I-m-\p-X-Ip--Xp-amb hnh-c- hnip Izp-B-\n-sbpwlZo-Yn-sbpw ASn-m-\-n kqva-am-bn{]Xn-]m-Zn-n-cn-p-p.

CXns aqmw ]Xnv bph-X, ktm-j-]qhw kan-p-p.

tImgn-tmSv Ub-d-IvS20-12-09 bphX


4/73


BapJw

tcmKw, ac-Ww, ac-Wm-\-c Ia- Fnh{]Xn-]m-Zn-p Hn-tesd IrXn-I ae-bm-f-nep-v.Ah-bn ]eXpw kap-Zm-b-n \ne-\np A\m-Nmc-pw amaq-ep-Ipw AwKo-Imcw \Ip--htbm GsX-nepw aZvl-_ns t]cn cNn--s--htbm BWv. Fm Izp-B-\n-sbpw kp-n-sbpw B[m-c-n Cu hnj-b- {]Xn-]m-Zn-p-I-bmWv Cu IrXn-sIm-p-t-in-p--Xv.

GsX-nepw {]tXyI aZvl-_ns\ Ah-ew-_n-s-nte Ccw Iaim-kv{X hnj-b- a\-n-em-m Ign-bp-I-bq-p-sh-v, aZvl-_ns\ AambnA\p-I-cn-p Nne {]N-cn-n-m-dp-v. CXv icn-b-. \_n-N-cy-bn \np-Xs Ccw Iaimkv{X-hnj-b- a\-n-em-m Ign-bp-sa-v \mw a\-n-em-t--Xm-Wv.

`nho-W-fp hnj-b--fn {]am-W--fpsS shfn--n IqSp -X {]_-e-sapw bp-sapw tXmnb A`n-{]mb CXn tcJ-s-Sp-p-I-bmWv sNbvXn-p--Xv.

]c-am-h[n kqvaX ]pen-bmWv CXv cNn--sX-nepw \yq\-X-I a\pjykl-P-am-W-tm. AcwFs-nepw Is-p--h DW-W-sav At]-n-p-p.

kn apl-Zv keow kpan


5/73


kn apl-Zv keow kpan

aepdw Pn-bnse samd-bq {Kma-n P\-\w. ]nXmhv:

lssk\m. amXmhv: JZoP. AcotmSv Hmdnb v sslkvIq,

kp-ap-emw Ad-_n-tIm-sfPv Fn-hn-S--fn \nv ]T\w

]qn-bm-n. ta-bq ke- n Ad-_nIv tImtf-Pv, hq

akvPn-Zp apPm-ln-Zo, kpDu-Zn Atd-_y-bnse Dss\k

Ckvem-anIv sk Fn-hn-S--fn tkh\w A\p-jvTn-p.Ctm FS-c ssKUkv Ad-_nIv tImsf-Pn A[ym-]-

I-\mbn tPmen-sN-p-p.

]fin-X, Fgp-p-Im-c, {]mkw-Kn-I Fo \ne-I-fn

{]i-kvX. FS-c AlpZ Ckvem-anIv sk P\.-sk-{I-

-dn, sI sP bp Akn- v sk{I--dn Fo ]Z-hn-I hln-

p-p. B\p-Im-en-I--fn nc-ambn Fgp-Xn-h-cp-p.

hyXykvX hnj-b--fn-embn ]Xn-aq-tmfw ]pkvX-I

{]kn-o-I-cn-np-v._n sI ssaaq-\-bmWv `mcy, Ap a.

hnemkw:

ssKUkv tImsfPv

FSc

ae-p-dw Pn

t^m: 04931277264


6/73


DSw

PohnX eyw ..................................................................... 9

tcmKhpw NnIn-bpw ....................................................... 12

a{ A\phZn--sXpw hne-sXpw................. 15

acWw Bk--am-bm ...................................................... 18

hkzn-pw IS-_m-[y-Xbpw .............................................20

tcmKn-bpsS \a-kvIm-chpw ]m-m-]hpw ....................... 23

tcmKnsb kin .................................................... 25

acWw ............................................................................... 28

ac-Wm-\cw sNt-Xv ................................................... 29

Izp-B ]mcm-bWw ........................................................ 31

ZpxJ {]I-S\w ................................................................... 33

kv{XoI-fpsS ZpxJm-N-cWw ................................................ 35

acWw Adn-bn-epw adhpsN-epw .................................. 38

anv Ipfnn- ..........................................................40

I^ sN................................................................... 44

P\mk sImp-t]m-I .................................................... 47

anv \a-kvImcw ............................................................ 51

Pam-A-ns {]m[m\yw .................................................... 56

anv adhpsN.......................................................... 62

Iz_v knbm-dv .............................................................. 69

Iz_v sIn-sm- ....................................................... 73


7/73


PohnX eyw\psS BcpsSbpw A\p-a-Xn-bn-msX Hcp-\m \mw Cu `qan-

bn ]ndphoWp. AXpt]mse BtcmSpw A\p-aXn tNmZn-msXHcp-\m \s Xncnphnfn-sSp-Ibpw sNpw. hnfn- tIm-Xn-cn-m \nhr-n-bn. Cu cp L-n-\p-anSp-f-f-XmWv Cl-tem-Is Po-hn-Xw.

ac-W-n-\-p-d-hp-apXmWv ]c-tem-Iw. tIhew ]n-m-ntem NpS-e-bntem skan-t-cn-bntem Ah-km-\n-p AY-iq-\y-amb H a\p-jy-Po-hn-Xw. XnIpw Dt-i]qWhpw ey-

]qhhp-am-WXv. eyw ]c-tem-I-tamw Xs. A\--ambn\ne-\np ]c-temI Pohn-X-n kzK-temIw ]pIm-\m-hpI AXmWv Pohn-X-e-yhpw PohnXhnP-b-hpw.

Bsc-nepw \c-I-n \nv AI--sv kzK-n {]th-in-n--s-m Xo-bmbpw Ah hnP-bnp. (AepCwdm)

CXn Ipd Hcp eyhpw a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-n\v Iev]n-m-h-X-. ImcWw CXn Ipd Fpw tIhew Wn-I-am-bn-cn-pw. Fm ]c-tem-Itam A\w! A\-izcw! Ah-km-\n -m B temI-tv Xzcn-X-K-a\w \S-nsm-n-cn--bmWv

kIe a\p-jy-cpw. ""a\p-jy-m, \o \ns cn-Xm-h-n-s khn-[-n-tev AXy-[nIw {]bm-k-sv \on-smncn-bm-Wv. Ahs\\o Ip-ap-pI Xs sNpw.

As\ Hcp\m Fm-hcpw AhnsS FpI Xs sNpw.AhnsS hnNm-cW \S-pw. cbpw in-bp-ap-v. kzKhpw\c-I-hp-ap-v. kzKw t\Sm Ign-m PohnXw k^-e-am-bn.Ghpwhenb hnPbw Ic--am -bn. adn -m -sW-n Ghpw\jvShpw ]cm-P-b-hpw.

B temI-tp thn-bmWv a\p -jy Cl-tem-IvbYmY-n kr-jvSn--s- -Xv. ChnsS AXn\v Ah Xm-dm-h-Ww.


8/73


Cu Zpbmhv ]c-tem-I-t-p Irjn-bn-S-am-Wv. ChnsS \hnv hnX-m AhnsS kzKw sImmw. ]pgp-p-p hntm

]Xn-tcm B-sW-n ^ew \c-Iambn-cn-pw. hb-en-te-n-d-n-bn-cn-p-I-bm-Wv. ChnsS Dgp-Xp-a-dn-m\pw \p-]n-Sn-n-m\pw hfwtNm\pw If-]-dn-m-\p-ap Ah-k-c-ta-bp-q. sImbvv \S-p-Xv ]c-tem-Ip shm-Wv. hnns ta sImbvv \S-p-tm am{Xta ]cn-]qW-ambn Adn-bp-I-bp-q. cp-cq-]-nIrjn-bn-d-m \apv kuIcyw \In-bn-p-q. CjvS-ap-XvsXc-s-Sp -m-\p kzmX-{yapv Xm\pw. Fnv AhHcp\m \s Xncnp hnfn-pw, hnf ImWn-m thn.

""B[n-]Xyw BcpsS ssIbnemtWm Ah F{Xtbm A\p-{K-l-]qW-\m-Wv. Ah Fm Imcy-n\pw Ign-hp--h-\m-Wv.\n-fn BcmWv Ia-n D-a-scv ]co-n-m thn ac-W-sbpw Pohn-X-sbpw krjvSn--h. Ah {]Xm-]-im-enbpwamv \Ip--h-\p-am-Wv.''

CXmWv a\p -jy-Po -hn -Xw. ChnsS euInI kpJ--fpsS]nmse t]mbn A\-iz -c -temIw \jvS -s-Sp -p--h-\mWvhnUvVn. Zpbm-hn\v AXn-t-Xmb {]m[m\yw am{Xw Iev]n-p-

I. AXn-e-p-d-am-bn-q-Sm. ChnsS kw`-hn-p ]niIv Zqc-hym-]-I-am-Wv. AXpsImv Xs XnIpw ]S--h\v hnt[-b-\mbnPohn-p-I. Ahs Iev]-\-I inc-km-h-ln-m Xm-dm-hpI.

AXn-{Iaw {]hn-p-Ibpw Cl-temI Pohn-X-n\v apK-W\ Iev]n-p-Ibpw sNbvX-h\v Xo-bmbpw \c-I-as{X kt-Xw. Xs \mYs m\s `b-s-Sp -Ibpw tZtl-OsbssIsbm-gn-p-Ibpw sNbvX-h\v kzK-as{X kt-Xw.

a\p -jy-Po -hnXw kzKo-bm-\p -`q -Xn -Ipw \c-I-bm-X-\-

Ipw hnt[-b-am-Ip \nWm-b-I-amb Hcp Imcy-am-bn-mWvChnsS ]cn-N-b-s-Sp-p--Xv.

ac-W-NnBcpw ac-W-ns ]nSn--n \nv ap-c-. Ftmgpw

acWw ]pIp-sa t_m[w Hcp hnizm -knsb kZm Nqgvp-\nt Nn-bm-Wv.

\_n(kz) C_v\pDa-dns\ hnfnv D]-tZ-in-p: \o Zpbm-

hn Hcp hntZ-in-sb-tm-se-bm-bn-cn--Ww. As-n hgn-ap-dn-p-I-S-p- Hcp-h-s\-sm-se. (_p-Jm-cn)

AsX, Cu an imiz-X-ambn hkn-m-sa `mh-anmsX,


9/73


Fpw \op \ng-emWv Zpbmhv F t_m[-n. AXmWv\_n (kz) Hcn- ]d--Xv, Rm\pw Cu Zpbm-hp-ambnsp

_w? ac--W-en hn{ian-p-Ibpw ]ns AhnSw hnp-t]m-Ip-Ibpw sNp Hcp ]Yn-I am{Xw. (Xnan-Zn)

PohnXhn`-h- hmcn-q-m-\p AS-m Bthiw ]e-tmgpw Cu t_m[w a\p-jy-cn \nv \on--f-bm-dp-v. Cu Xzc\nb-{n-mam{Xw i-amb ssZht_m[-amWv \app th-Xv.Pohn-Xs ISn-m-Wnv \nb-{n-m Ign-bp cqV-aq-e-ambhnizm-kw. Izp-B ]d-bp-p: ""kXy-hn-izm-kn-Itf, \n-fpsSkpw \n-fpsS afpw ssZh-kva-c-W-bn \nv \nfpsS

{i Xncn-p-I-f-bm-Xn-cn--s. Bsc-nepw As\ sNbvXmAh Xs-bmWv \jvS-m.'' (ap-\m-^n-Izq)

A_q-_-I(-d) tcmKn-bmbn InS-p-tm Cs\ ]mSm-dp-m-bn-cp-p: ""Hmtcm a\p-jy\pw Xs hop-Imn-S-bn kpJ-ambnhkn-p-p. acW-am-Is Ahs sNcp-ns hmdn-s\-mF{Xtbm ASp-mWp-Xm\pw.'' (_p-Jm-cn)

FhnsS shmWv acn-p-I-sbv Bp-a-dn-bn-. A{X s]s-m-WXv kw`-hn-p--Xv. FhnsS shpw acWw IS-p-h-cmw. \-

f-dn-bm-sX, \fm{K-ln-m-sX, \psS kuI-cy-w ]cn-K-Wn-m-sX.Am-lp-hns Aew-L-\o-b-amb \nb-a-am-W-Xv. AXns ]nSn-bn\nv Bpw tamN-\-an-. B Lw hs-p-tm am{X-amWv]e-tmgpw a\p-jy\v t_m[-ap-Zn-p--Xv. AXn\p apmbn AcwHcp Ls kw_-n Nn Ahs a\-n thcp-d-m AXvPohn-Xs ISn-m-Wnv \nb-{n-pw. Izp-B ]d-bp-p:

""\n-fn Hmtcm-cp-pw acWw hs-p--Xn\v apv\nv \mw \In-b-Xn \nv sNe-h-gn-p-Ibpw sNp-I.

At-cv Ah C{]-Imcw ]d-t-pw: Fs cn-Xm-th,ASp Hc-h[n hsc \o F\nv \on--cm--sX-mWv? FnRm Zm\w \Ip-Ibpw k-\--fpsS Iq-n-em-hp-IbpwsNp-ambn-cpp.'' Ah-[n-sb-n--gn-m Amlp Hcmpw\on -sm-Sp -p-Itb C. \n {]hn-p--Xn -s\-nkqva-ambn Adn-bp--h-\mWv Am-lp .

ac-W-sh-{]m-f-ns]v Dg-ep-tm Cm-cy- Hm-Xp-sIm-v bm-sXmcp {]tbm-P-\-hp-an-. ]noSv Hcn-qSn qan-bn-

tev aS-p {]iv\-hp-an-. AXp-sImv Hpw kabw If-bmsXac-W-n\p tij-ap Pohn-X-n-tev Hcp-pI!


10/73


tcmKhpw NnInbpwhne-s PohnXw kzbw A]-I-S-s-Sp-m a\p-jy\v Ah-

Im-i-an-. A]-I-S--fn-tev FSpv NmSp-Itbm hp hn A]-I-S--fn \nv Hgn-bm {ian-msX \np-Itbm sNpkz`mhwhnizm-kn-Ip-m-bn-q-Sm-. hne-s Poh\v lm\n kw`-hn-p Imcy-t]mepw Ah kqn-t--Xp-v. AXpsImv Xs tcmKw hp-`-hn-m-Xn-cn-m\pw hp-s] tcmKwNnIn-np kpJ-s-Sp-m\pw Ah {ian-t--Xm-Wv. Ime-ssZLyw hcp-msX A\p-tbm-Py-amb NnIn-m-ap-d-I kzoI-

cn--W-sa-mWv Ckvem-ans \ntZiw. R tcmKw hmNnIn-n-t--Xptm Fv tNmZn--tm \_n(-kz) ]d-p:\n NnIn-npI! ImcWw Amlp Hcp tcmKhpw AXn\vacpv \n-bn-m-sX Dm-nbn-n-. hm[-Iy-sa Htc HcptcmK-sam-gn-sI. (A-lvaZv)

tcmKw _m[n-m XnIpw imkv{Xo-b-ambn NnIn-nv t`Z-am-m {ian-t-Xm-Wv. Imc-Ww, GXv tcmK-am-bmepw AXn\vA\p-tbm-Py-amb NnIn e`n-m AXv kpJ-s-Sp-sa-mWv {]hm-

N-I ]Tnn-n-p--Xv.Fm tcmK-n\pw acp-p-v. tcmK-n-\p acpv e`n-m

Am-lp-hns A\p-a-XntbmsS AXv kpJ-s-Spw. (ap-kvenw)Fm Nne-tm sshZys sshZ-Kv[y-p-d-hp-sImtm

atm bYmY tcmKw Ip-]n-Sn-p--Xn-t\m, X-Xmb NnIn\nW-bn-p--Xnt\m km[n-n-sphcmw. Fp-X-s-bm-bmepwtcmK-n\v Huj[w Amlp \n-bn-n-p-spw AXv e`n-mAhs A\p-{K-l-tm-Sp-IqSn tcmKw kpJ-s-Sp-sa-p-amWv \mw

a\-n-em-t--Xv.Fm Fm cwK--fnepw A-hn-izm-k- a\p-jy-a-\-

n kzm[o-\n-Xp t]mse, NnInm cwKpw CXns kzm[o\w


11/73


ImWmw. a\pjy Pohn-X-s apqSpw A-hn-izm-k--fn \nvap-am-nb aX-amWv Ckvemw. ]s AXns A\p-bm-bn-I

Xs Cv Ccw A-hn-izm-k--fpsS hm--fm-sW--XmWvhkvXp-X. bYmY-aXw Fpw imkv{Xo-b-am-Wv. ]ptcm-ln-X-a-X-amWv Fpw A-hn-izm-k-pw A\m-Nm-c-pw hgn-sh-p-Ibpw t{]mm-ln-n-p-Ibpw sNbvXn-p--Xv.

\njn-- h-kvXp- sImp NnIn

\njn hkvXp- D]-tbm-Kn-p-sIm-pff NnIn-- l-dm-am-sW-mWv `qcn-]w ]Un-Xamcpw A`n-{]m-b-s-n-p--Xv.NnIn -mYw aZyw D]-tbm-Kn -p--Xns\ kw_nv \_n-tbmSv(kz) tNmZn--tm Ahn-Sv ]d-p: ""AXv acp--, adnvtcmK-amWv asm-cn- \_n(-kz) ]d-p. ldm-am-nb hkvXp--fn \nv tcmK-i-a\w \n-bn-n-n-.'' (_p-Jm-cn)

Npcp--n, \njn-- h-kvXp- sImp NnIn A\p-h-Z-\o-b-a-. ]s, B[p-\n-I-cmb Nne ]WvUn-Xm CX-\p-h-Z-\o-b-ambn ImWp-p-v. \n_-nX kml-N-cy--fn Ckvem-an\v{]tXy-I-amb ho-W-am-Wtm D--Xv. a\p-jy-Po-hn-Xs `oj-Wn-s-Sp-p Hcp tcmK-n\v aZytam atm {]Xn-hn-[n-bmbn \n-

bn--s-m asmpw ]I-c-an-s-n AXp-]-tbm-Kn-m-sa-mWvAh-cpsS ]w.

tcmK-i-a-\-n\v CXn-ep-]cn ap- Nne amK-fpw Nne Ah-ew-_n-m-dp-v. a{w, Ddp-v, tlmaw, knlvdv, Ge-v, ]nm-W-sa-gpv apX-em-b-h-bm-W-h. Ch-sbmw XnIpw hntcm-[n--s--Xm-Wv. Ckvem-an-Im-[ym-]-\-v hncp--hp-am-Wv. inp-]-c-amb hnizm-k--fpsS `mK-hp-am-W-Xv. Fm tcmK-i-a-\-n-\p-thn Am-lp-hn-t\mSv am{Xw \S-p {]mY\m a{-fpv

Ah A\p-h-Z-\o-bhpw A`n-e-j-Wo-b-hp-am-Wv.


12/73


a{

A\phZnsXpw hnesXpwkXy-hn-izm-kn-I Fm-hn[ A-hn-izm-k--fn \npw

ap-cm-b-h-cm-Wv. ASn-bp-d GI-ssZ-h-hn-izm-kn-I-fm-Wv. AXn-s\-Xn-cmb Hpw Xs Ah-cpsS hnizm-k--B-Nm-c- -Ia--fn -Dmbnq-Sm-. tcmK-Nn-In--bpsS Imcyhpw CXn \npw `n-a-. Ckvemw A\p-h-Zn-n-n-m a{-fpw X{-fpw CXn\pthn D]-tbm-Kn-m-hX-. Ge-p-sI-, cp{Zmw XpS-n-b-h-

sbmpw Cmw A\p-h-Zn-p-n-.tcmKw hm Fp sN-W-sa--Xns\ kw_-nv

\_n(kz) ]dXv \mw IpIgn-p; NnIn-n-pI Xs.GXv tcmK-n\pw ùXn-I-amb ]e- Im-c-W--fp-ap-m-Im-dp-v.tcmK-ns Acw Imc-W- a\-n-em-n-b-h ùXnI cq]-n-ep NnIn--I \ntZ-in-p-p. AtXm-sSmw Am-lp-hns klm-b-hp-ap -m-I-Ww. AXn-\p-thn \mw Ah-t\mSv{]mYn-p-Ibpw sNp-p. AYhm {]mYn--Ww. CXmWv NnIn-

m-cw-Kv Ckvem-ans ho-Ww. \_nbpw(-kz) kzlm-_n-amcpwtcmKm-h-kv-bn ]e-hn-[-n-ep NnIn-m-ap-d-I Ah-ew-_n--Xmbn ImWmw. tIhew {]mY-\bpw Xh-p-ep-ambn Ign-bp-I-bm-bn-cp-n Ah.

tcmK-Nn-In--sm--ap {]mY-\, a{-sa t]cnepw Adn-b-s-Sp-p. \_n-bn\nv(-kz) dntmv sNbvXn-p a{-]cn-tim-[n-m Fmw Am-lp-hn-t\m-Sp {]mY-\-I-fm-sWva\-n-em-mw. \_n(-kz) acn-m-\n-S-bmb tcmK-n Ahn-Sv

CJvemkzv, êIzv, \mkv Fo kqd-p-I- HmXn tZl-nDuXn-bn-cp-p-sh-pw tcmKw in-bm-b-tm Xm Ah HmXnXncp-\_n-bpsS ssIbn DuXn B ssIsImv XS-hm-dp-m-bn-cp-


13/73


p-shpw BCi(-d) {]kvXm-hn--Xmbn _pJm-cn-bnepw apkven-an-ep-ap-v. tcmKn-I {]kvXpX kqd-p-I HmXn a{n-m-sav

CXn \npw hy-am-Wv.{]mY-\-bm-Ip a{w \psS Ign-hn--p-d-ap Imcyw

Am-lp-hn-enpIbpw ia-\-n-\mbn Ah-t\mSv {]mYn-p-Ibpw sNp-I-sb AY-nem-Wv. Hu^p_v\p amen -Iv(d){]kvXm-hn -p-p. R Pmln-enm Ime-L--n a{w \S-m-dp-m-bn-cp-p. R AXn-s\-n \_ntbmSv( -kz)- tNmZn-p.Atm Atlw "\n-fpsS a{w F\n-smv ImWnpXcq,a{-n insm-p-an-s-n AXnv hntcm-[-an-.' Fp ]d-

bp-I-bp-mbn (ap-kvenw). CXmWv Cpw A\p-h-Zn a{-nscq]w.

]s, {]hm-N-It\m kzlm-_n-Itfm a{w Hcp hcp-am\amK-am-tbm, GXv tcmK-n\pw a{w am{Xw aXn-sbv ]d-bp-I-tbm, ImWn-p-X-cn-Itbm sNbvXn-n-. NnIn-n-m-\mWv {]hm-N-Is \ntZi-sav \mw Ip-h-tm. Cv kaql-n \S-p-Xv t]mse-bp Xn-p-I-sfmpw a{-ns t]cn Av \S-n-cp-n-.

Zp-a-{-n\v ]pdsa Ckvemw Xosc A\p-h-Zn-m Hcp-XcwDdppw Gepw Cv \S-p-v. lZokv {K- ]cn-tim-[npt\mn-bm CXv hne-n-b-Xmbn hy-am-hpw. \_n (kz) ]d-bp-p.

hh\pw Ddpv sIn-bm Amlp Ahs Dtiyw ]qW-am-m-Xn-cn --s. h-h\pw cm-I-hNw sIn-bm AmlpAh\v c \Im-Xn-cn--s. (A-lva-Zv, lmInw)

DIzv_Xp_v\p Ban(-d) ]d-bp-p: \_nbpsS(-kz) - ASp-

]v t]cp Hcp hml-\-kwLw hp. AXn H]-Xm-fp-I-tfmSpw \_n(kz) DSSn sNbvXp. HcmtfmSv DSSn sNbvXn. AXns\-p-dnv Ah tNmZn--tm Ahs In Ddp-p-sv\_n(kz) ]d-p. DSs\ Fnv Cs\ ]d-p: ""Bsc-nepwDdpv sIn-bm \nbw Ah inv sNbvXp.'' (A--Zv,lmInw) DSs\ Atlw Ddpv s]mnv If-p.

{]hm-N-I F{X Kuc-h-am-bn-mWv AXns\ I-sXv Cukw`-h-n \np hy-am-Wv. tcmKw amdm-t\m, Itdv XSp-m-

t\m, D]-{Zhw XSp-m-t\m-, KpWw e`n-mt\m Ddp-p-sImv km[n-p-sav hniz -kn -m Ah inv (A-m-lp -hn ]p-tN) sNbvXp-sh-mWv \_(-kz) ]d--Xv. ImcWw Cu


14/73


Imcy--sfmw Am-lp-hns A[n-Im-c-]-cn-[n-bn s]-Xm-Wv.C_vdmlow \_nbpsS(A)hmp-I D-cn-p-n-Sv Izp-B

]d-bp-p: ""F\nv tcmKw ]nSn-s]-m Ah(A-m-lp) BWvFs kpJ-s-Sp-p--Xv. Fv C_vdmlnw(A) ]d-bp-p. AXm-b-Xv, `uXn-I-amb NnIn---p-d-ap Xs {]mY\ Am-lp-hn-te-mWv An-t--Xv. AXv Am-lp-h-msX Bcn-em-bmepwAh-\n ]p-tN-em-sW--Xn kwi-b-an-.''

C_v\p A_o-lm-Xnw, lpss^-Zbn\nv(-d)- D-cn-p-p.Atlw ]\n _m[n-p-In-S Hcmsf kin--tm Abm-fpsSssIbn Hcp \q sI-n-bXv ImWp-I-bp-m-bn. DSs\ At-l-

aXv s]mn-p-I-f-p. Fnv Cs\ ]d-p: ""A[n-I-t]cpwAm-lp-hn ]p-tNp sIm-msX hniz-kn-p-n-.'' (bq-kp^v: 106)

C_v\p-a-kv-Du-Zv(-d) At-l-ns `mcy-bpsS ASp- sN-tm Ah-cpsS Igp-n c-p-thn sInb Hcp \q(-D-dpv) Ip. DSs\ At-l-aXv henp s]mn-p. Fnv C-s\-]d-p. Amlp bmsXmcp sXfnhpw Ah-X-cn-n-n-n-m--Xns\Ah-t\mSv ]p-tNt-p Bhiyw, A_vZp--bpsS IpSpw-_-

n-\n-. ]ns dkq(-kz) ]d--Xmbn C-s\- ]-d-p: ""a{-fpw Ddppw Xnh-epw inm-Ip-p. Atm R tNmZn-p: a{-fpw Ddppw R-dn-bmw. Xnh-ev FmWv?Ahn-Sv ]d-p, m-am-cpsS t{]aw km-Zn-m thnkv{XoI-fp-m-p Hcp-Xcw Ddp-m-W-Xv.'' (C-_v\p-ln-m,lmInw)

asmcp dntmn, tcmKw t`Z-am-hp--Xn\p thn \_n(kz){]mn--Xp-t]mse C{]Imcw {]mYn-m aXn-sbp IqSn D]-

tZ-in-p: P\--fpsS \mYm! hnjaw \on--tc-W-ta. kpJ-s-Sp-p-Ibpw sNt-W-ta, kpJ-s-Sp -p--h \obm-Wv. \o\Ip kpJ-a-msX kpJ-an-. bmsXmcp tcmKhpw Ah-ti-jn-m kpJw. (-A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv)

_e-lo-\-\m-hm-Xn-cn-m thn ssIX--bn XInSv sIn-bn-cp Hcm-tfmSv \_n (kz) ]d-bp-I-bp-m-bn: ""\o CXv Agn-s-dn-bp-I. CXv \n\v _e-lo-\-X-b-msX Hpw h[n-n-p-I-bn-. AXp-ambn \o ac-W-a-S-bp ]w \o Hcn-epw hnPbnpI-

bpan.'' (A-lva-Zv)Npcp--n Ckvemw A\p-h-Zn-Xpw hntcm-[n--Xp-amb a{-


15/73


-fpsS cq]w CXn \np hy-am-Wv.

tPymys\ kao-]n-

ap- ]e A\m-Nm-c-fpw Xn-p-Ifpw NnIn--sb t]cn\S-m-dp-v. Ch-sbmw Xs \_n(-kz) hntcm-[n--h-bn s]-Xm -Wv. tcmKw hm tPymys\ kao-]n -p-Ibpw{]iv\wshnv t\mp-Ibpw sNp GmSv \_n(-kz) hntcm-[n --XmWv. \_n(kz) ]d-bp-p: ""Bsc-nepw {]iv\-m-cs\kao]nv Ah ]d-bp -Xv hniz -kn -m, Ahs \mev]XvZnhks \a-kvImcw kzoI-cn--s-Sp-I-bn-.'' (ap-kvenw)

F{X-am{Xw Kuc-h-ap Imcy--fm-Wn-sX-mw. \psS kap-

Zmbw hfsc emL-h-_p-n-tbm-sS-bmWv Ch-sbmw ImWp--Xv.kpJ-{]-k-h-n\p thn ]nm-W-sa-gpXn IpSn-p NnIn-m-ap-dbpw \ne-hn-ep-v. P\--fpsS AX NqjWwsNp CuHmpIm Fs-m-amWv Cu kap-Zm-bssImv sNn-p-Xv.kpJ-{]-k-h-n\p thn ame-I ]mSp k{-Zm -bhpwNnebnS-fn-semw Cpw \ne-\np-Xv tJZ-I-c-am-Wv. CXp-t]mse Xs, t{]X-_m-[-b-I-m-\pw, amdm-hym-[n-I amm\pw Cu]WvUnXm Ckvans ]Wn-sb t]cn sNp-Xv \_n(-kz)

]d-bp-p:\_n(-kz) Ggp h ]m]--fpsS Iq-n cm-a-Xmbnknlvdv BWv! Ckvem-ans t]cn-emWv CsXmw Ac-t-dp--Xv.

Bsc-nepw sIp-Ifn DuXn-bm Ah amcWw sNbvXp.amcWw sNbvX-h Am-lp-hn ]p-tNn-cn -p-p.(\kmCu).


16/73


acWw BkambmtcmKn Am-lp-hns hn[n-bn ]cn-]qW Xr]vX-\mbncnt-

-Xm-Wv. sh{]m-fhpw thh-em-Xn-bp-samw Xopw Hgn-hm--Ww.ImcWw ktm-j-ns Ah-k-c-n Am-lp-hn\v \n ImWn-m\pw km-]-ns Ah-k-c-n an-m-\p-amWv \_n(-kz)]Tn -n -p--Xv. kXy-hn -izm-kn -I-fpsS Imcyw ApXw Xs!Ahs Fm- Im-cy-fpw Ah\v \-bm-Wv. CXv hnizm-kn-I-msX amp-an -. ktm-j-I-c-amb Hcp Imcy-ap -m-bmAh \n ImWn-p-p. As\ AX-h\v \-bmbn `hn-p-p. C\n Ah\v _pn-apv _m[n-m an-p-p. As\AXpw Ah\v \-bmbn `hn-p-p. (ap-kvenw) AXpsImv Ign-bp-n-S-tmfw im-\m-bn-cn-t--Xm-Wv. hcm-\n-cn-p ]c-tem-Is kw_-npw kzKo-bm-\p-`q-Xn-I-fn-ep {]Xo-bpw \c-Iin-Isf kw_-n `oXnbpw a\-n -ep -m-bn -cn --Ww.ImcWw A\kv(d) ]d-bp-p: \_n Hcn- ac-Wm-k--\mb Hcpbqhm-hns\ kin--tm, \ns Ah--sb-m-sWv tNmZn-p. Ah ]d-p, dkqte, Rm Am-lp-hn \nv \ {]Xo-n-p-I-bpw, Fs Xn-bpsS Imcy-n `b-s-Sp-Ibpw sNp-p. Asm \_n(-kz) ]d-p. Ccw k`-n Hc-Sn-a-bpsS a\-n-ep-m-Ip B{K-l- Amlp \nd-th-m-Xn-cn-n-. Ah `b-s-Sp in-bn \nv Ahs\ \n`-b-\m-m-sX-bp-an-cn-n-.(Xqap-Zn) apkvenw D-cn-p Hcp lZo-kn ""Am-lp-hns\ kw_-nv \ [mc-W-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-msX \n acn--cp-tX.'' Fv \_n(-kz) D]-tZ-in-n-cn-p-p. acWw B{K-ln-

m\pw AXn-\p-thn {]mYn-m\pw ]mSn-. Nne-tm ITn-\-tcmKw _m[n-p-tm \p-sS-bn-S-bn Nne-sc-nepw ]d-bm-dp--Xp-t]mse Hv acnp Inn-bn-cp-s-n F {]tbmKw apkven-


17/73


ans\ kw_-n-n-S-tmfw Hcn-epw A\p-h-Z-\o-b-a -. Ihn-m Cs\ {]mYn-mw. Am-lp-th, Pohn-X-am-sW-\nv

D-a-sa-n \osbs Pohn-n-t-W-ta. A, ac-W-am-sW\nvD-a-sa-n \osbs acn-n-t-W-ta.(_p-Jm-cn) CXn\p Imc-W-ambn \_n(-kz) Hcn- Nqn-m-n-b-Xv, \-h\v \ h[n-n-m\pw adn-m-sW-n Xn-bn \nv ]m--]n-m\pw Ah-kcw e`n-p-sa-m-Wv.(-lm-Inw)


18/73


hkznpw IS_m[yXbpwac-W-am-k--am-bm {in-t hfsc {][m-\-s Imcy-am-

Wv hkzn-pw IS-an-S-]m-Sp-Ifpw. hkzn-v sNm-\mbn hXpwDt-in-p-p-s-n AXv cv Znh-k-n-\Iw FgpXn sht--Xm-Wv. hkzn-v sNm-\p-m-bn-cns Fgp-Xn-sh-msX cp-cm-{Xn-sb-nepw Ignp Iqp-Xv apkven-anv tN-X-. (_p-Jm-cn)

CXv \_nbn\nv(-kz) tIXv apX Hscm--cm-{Xnbpw hkzn-bv sNmsX Xs Pohn-X-n Ignp t]mbn-n -. Fv

C_v\p Da(-d)]d-bpp (_p-Jm-cn). ac-Wm-k--\m-b-h Bh-iy-amb cq]-n hkzn-v sNm Izp-B\pw \nt-in-p-p.(A_-Iz-d.180)

Fm CXv Xs kzns aqn-sem-n-t\-m IqSp-Xtem ap--hsc D]-{Z-hn-p cq]-ntem Bbn-q-Sm--Xm-Wv.lXp hnZm-Cs L-n, kAZp_v\p A_o-h-Izm-kn\vtcmKw _m[n-p. \_n(-kz) At-ls kin-p-I-bp-m-bn.Atm Atlw \_n-tbmSv(-kz) tNmZn-p: F\n-s-mSpw k-

p-v. Fs A\-n-c-sa-Sp-m Hcp s]Ipn am{X-ta-bp-q.AXpsImv Fs k-ns apncv Rm hkzn-vsN-stm? \_n(-kz) ]d-p. ]mSn-. Fm ]IpXn? ]mSn-. Fm aqn-semv? Atm \_n(-kz) ]d-p: aqn-semvXs [mcm-f-am-Wv. Fnv Ahn-Sv At-ls Cs\ D]-tZ-in-p. kAvtZ, \ns A\--cm-h-Im-in-Isf P\--fp-sS-b-Sp-ssI\o-p Ah--bn hnt-p-t]m-Ip--Xn-s\-m DawAhsc k--cmn hnt-p--Xm-Wv. Am-lp-hns {]oXn Dt-in-p-sImv \o sNe-h-gn -p--Xn-semw \n\v ]pWy-ap-v;

\ns `mcyv sNe-hn\p sImSp-p--Xn t]mepw. (Alva-Zv)ChnsS Izp-B \ntZ-inpXv t]mse (am-C-Z, 106-108) \oXn-


19/73


amam-cmb cv apkvenw kmn-I-sf-tbm, Ahsc Inn-bn-s-napkvenw-I-f-m cp-t]-sctbm kmn-\nt--Xm-Wv. A\--

cm-h-Im-in-I-fn Bsc-sb-nepw D]-{Z-hn-p hkzn-v \njn--am-Wv. kqd-Xp-n-km-C A\--cm-h-Imi \nb-a-sf ]cm-ain-p- Bb-p-I-fpsS kam-]-\-n Amlp ]d-bp--Xv ""t{Zml-]-c-a-m hkzn-sm IStam Ds-n AXv Ign-mWv A\-n-c-kzv Hmlcn sht-- (4, 12) Fm-Wv. A\--cm-h-Im-in-Isf D-]-{Z-hn-p- -X-c-n-ep hkzn--m-sW-n AXp \S-n hcp-p-hm _m[y-X-bn-sv CXn \np {Klnmw. ""kzbw IjvS-s-Sp-Itbm A\ysc IjvS-s-Sp-p-Itbm sNm-h-X-. A\y-scIjvS-s-Sp-n-b-hs\bpw _pn-ap-n--h-s\bpw Am-lphpw IjvS-

sSppIbpw _pn-ap-n-p-Ibpw sNp--Xm-Wv.'' (Zm-dp-IzpXzv\n,lmInw).

ac-Wm-\-c Ia--fn ]e-X-c-n-ep A-hn-izm-k-fpwA-\m-Nm-c-fpw apkvenw kap-Zm-b-n Cv \ne-\np-p. hn-izm-knsb kw_-n-n-S-tmfw Hcn-epw A\p-h-Z-\o-b-a-m a-cWm\cap IzpB ]mcmbWw, XIzo, Iqv, ASnbn-cw, Iz_vdn Hmv, Iz_v sInsm Xs acWm\c XpSn-bh sN-cp-sXv tcmKnv _-s- -h-tcmSv hkzn-v sN-m-

hpXmWv. Cu ImeLn Ccw hkznv HcXymhiyw IqSnbmWv. kzlm_nI Ccw hkznpI sNmdpmbncpp.A_qaqkm(-d) ac-Wm-k--\m-b-tm, P\mk thK-n

sImpt]mI-W-sa-pw, Iz_vdn Xs ico-c-nsbpw an-sbpw CS-bn XS--ambn Hpw sN-cp-sX-pw, amdv hen-p-Iodnhne]npXpw apw ]mSnspw hkznbv sNbvXXmbn Dcns-Sp-p. (A-lvaZv, ss_l-en), Awdq-_v\qBkv(-d) Xs hkzn--n Xs an-ns IqsS hne-]n-p--hcpw Xobpw A\p-K-an--cq-sXv ]d-bp-I-bp-m-bn(-ap-kvenw, Al-va-Zv).

AXp-t]mse Xs, ac-W-n\v apmbn IS-_m-[y-X-I]qn-bm--Ww. AXn\v km[n-msX hm Ah hop--Xn-\p-thn kz-m-tcmSv hkzn-v sNp-I-sb-nepw thWw.\_n(-kz) ]d-bp-p: Xs ktlm-Zcs A`n-am-\tam ktmBsc-nepw A]-l-cn-n-p-s-n Znlapw Zo\mdpw kzoI-cn--s-Sm Iznbm-av\m hcp--Xn\p apmbn AX-h\v aS-n-sm-Sp--s. Av Ah\v h kZvIahp-ap-s-n Ah-\n \ns-Sp-v, Xs _m[y-X-m-c-\Xv \Ip-p. kZvIn-s-n, Xs

_m[y-X-m-cs Xn-I-sf-Spv Ch\v \Ip--Xm-Wv. (_pJmcn).cv Zo\m-dns IS-_m-[y-X-bp-ambn acn--h\v AXv asm-cmGs-Sp--pXphsc \_n(-kz) anv \a-kvI-cn-m Xm-dm-


20/73


bn FXv Cu hnjbns Kuchw t_m[yampp(lmInw).A\ys A`n-am-\tam Ah-Im-i-tam [zwkn-p-Itbm cw

Nnp-Itbm sNbvXn-p-s-n {]kvXpX Imcy- Ign-bp-sa-n]d-p-XopI Xs thWw. Am]w Ghpw Zb-\o-b-amb AhbnemWv \mw FntcpI. Hcn \_n(kz) tNmZnp: ]m-cm-b-h Fm Bcm-sW--dn-bmtam? kzlm-_n-I ]d-p. ]Wtam ktm Cmh\mWv R ]m Fp ]dbp--Xv. \_n(-kz) ]d-p: A, Fs kapZmbn ]mFm \a-kvIm-chpw t-\m--p-w k-Im-pw ap-ambn Izn-bm-av\mfn hcph\mWv. Atm Ah Hcps\ iImcnncnpw.asm-cp--s\-n A]-hmZw ]d-n-cn-pw. asm-cp-s cw

Nnnbncnpw ASnncnpw. XZv^eambn Ahs kZv{]hrnIAhmbn hoXnp sImSptnhcpw. Ahs _m[yXI XocpXn\p apv \aI XopIgnm AhcpsS ]m] Ch\v\Ipw. tijw Ahs\ \c-I-n Fdn-bp-Ibpw sNpw (ap-kvenw).

_m[y-X-I-fpsS Kuchw th-hn-[-n Xs a\ -n-em-m ]cym-]vX-amb \_n-h-N-\--fm-Wn-sX-mw. ]s, \psSkap-Zmbw ]e-tmgpw Ccw Imcy--fn-sempw th{X ipjvIm-

n ImWn-m-dn. Xs kZvIa--sfmw ]c-tem-Iv \jvS-s-Sm Imc-W-am-Ip _m[y-X-Isf kw_-nv hnizm-kn-I Hcn-epw A{i--cm-bn-q-Sm. {]tXy-Inv ac-Wm-k--\mbn InS-pL-n Xs k-ns \n_--_m-[y-X-bmb kImvt]mepw \nhln-m ]ecpw \p-sS-bn-S-bn Dm-Im-dp-v. ap--hs Ah-Im-i--sfmw kzw s]n-bnepw ]m-b-nepw]qn-shv Am-lp-hns ASp--tev acnv sNp--hs KXnFm-bn-cn-pw? Izp-B ]d-bp-p. ""Ah-cpsS km-Zy--sfmwNpp-]-gp-nv ]miz-fpw apXp-Ip-Ifpw s\n--S--fp-samw

NqSp-sh-p Znh-kw. CsXms \n \np-thn km-Zn--Xm-Wv. \n km-Zn-Xp sImv in A\p-`-hnpsImp-I''(A-u-_) Ccw _m[y-X-I-sfmw \n-ln -pItbmASp Ah-Im-in-Isf D-c-hm-Z-s-Sp-t--Xm-Wv. kzlm-_n-I Cu Imcy-n-e \njvT ]pen-b-h-cm-bn-cpp. DlvZv bp-n ]s-Sp-m-s\m-cp-nb A_vZp-(-d) Xs ]p{X Pm_ndn-s\(-d) hnfnpsImv ISwhom\pw ktlm-Z-c--tfm-sSmw \-\n-e -bn hn-m\pw hkzn -v sNbvXp. B bp-n

Atlw ckmn-bm-hp-Ibpw sNbvXp (_p-Jm-cn).


21/73


tcmKnbpsS \akvImchpw

]mm]hpwasmcp Imcyw {in-m-\p-Xv \a-kvIm-c-n-t-Xm-Wv. tcmKn-

bmbm ]e apkvenwktlm-Z-c-fpw \a-kvIm-c-n A{i--cm-hp-Xv ImWmw. Atm Ccw L--fn-sempw \a-kvImcwHgn-hm-m \_n(kz) A\p-h-Zn-n-n-. ]e-tmgpw tcmKnv \nv\a-kvI-cn -m Ign-bm-sX-h-cpw. Fm Ccpv \a-kvI-cn --Ww.AXn\pw Ign-bm--hmWv BwKyw ImWn-p-I-sb-nepw

thtWm, F-s\-bmWv km[n-p-Xv Bcq-]-n sN-Ww.GXm-bmepw \a-kvImcw Hgn -hm-m-h-X-. Nne tcmKn -Ivshw D]-tbm-Knv hpZzqFSp-m kuI-cy-ap -m-hp-I-bn-.A-s\-bp--hv \nh-ln-m-\m-h-iy-amb kuI-cy- tcmKn-bpsS th-s--h sNbvXpsImSp-t--Xm-Wv. \a-kvI-cn-mt{]cn-n-p-Ibpw sN-Ww. km[m-cW \p-sS-bn-Sbn tcmKn-I-tfm-Sp A\p-I--sb \ne-bn, C\n-bn-tm \a-kvI-cn-p-I-sbmpw th. Fv D]-tZ-in-p--h-cp-ap-v. \_nv(-kz)tcmK-

am-b-tm t]mepw Ipfnv ]n-bn Pam-A-n\v ]s-Sp-m{ian kw`hw _pJmcn D-cn-n-p-v. ]s, Ipfn--tm \_nvt_m[--b-ap-m-bn. Av ]n-bn t]mIm Ign--Xp-an-.]Icw A_q-_-Iv(-d) P\-v Cam-ambn \a-kvI-cn-p-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv. Fs-nepw sXpsNm a\p-jy-cp-m-hn-. ]m-m-]-amWv sXp-I-fn \nv apn-t\-Sm-\p amKw. tcmKnbmbnInS-p L-n {]tXy-Inv Cu Imcyw {in-t--Xm-Wv.\_n(-kz) ]d-bp-p. Bflmhv sXm-p-gn-bn-se-p--Xn\pw

apmbn ]m--]n -m Amlp AXv kzoI-cn -p--Xm-Wv(XnanZn). GXv ]m]n-bmb a\p-jy\pw BflmY-ambn ]m--]n-m ]c-a-Im-cp-Wn-I-\mb {kjvSmhv AXv kzoI-cn-p--Xm-Wv.


22/73


Am-lp-h-msX \nm-cmWv ]m]- s]mdp-p-X-cm-\p-sX (Benw-Cw-dm) Izp-B-\ns tNmZyw GXv ]m]n-bpsS a\-

n-s\bpw kzm[o-\n----Xm-Wv. \_n(-kz) Hcp Znhkw \qdp-X-h-W-sb-nepw Am-lp-hn-t\mSv ]m]-tam-N\w tXSm-dp-m-bn-cp-p.(ap-kvenw) Izp-B ]d-bp-p: kzw Bflm--tfmSv AXn-{Iaw{]hn-p-t]mb Fs Zmkamtc, \n-sfm-cn-epw Am-lp-hns Imcp-Wy-s-n \ncm-i-cm-I-cp-Xv. Xo-bmbpw AmlpFm ]m]-fpw s]mdp-p--h\pw Icp-Wm-\n-[nbpamIp-p. (39,53) ]c-a-Im-cp -Wn-I-\mb dv, Hcp a\p-jy ]I-e-n-tbmfwsNp sXp-I s]mdp-m cm{Xn-bn ssII \on-bn-cn-p-

p. Ccpn-bm {]`m-X-am-Ip-Xv hsc sNp sXp-I-sfmws]mdp-m ]I-en ssII \on-bn-cn-p-p-shv \_n(kz) ]d-bp-p: C{X-am{Xw Imcp-Wy-hm-\mb Xp-cm-t\mSv a\--dnv]m--]n-m B ssIIsf Ah Xn-am-p-I-bn-. AcwHcp-d a\-tmsS-bm-bn-cn-Ww Am-lp-hn-t\mSv ]m--]n-t--Xv.


23/73


tcmKnsb kintcmKnsb kin- hfsc {]_-e-amb Hcp kp-m-Wv.

Cm-cy-n tcmKn, apkventam Aap-kventam F hyXym-k-an-. Hcp apkvenan\v asmcp apkvenw ktlm-Z-c-t\m-Sp _m[y-X-I {]hm-N-I ]Tn-n--Xn-semv tcm-Knsb kin--em-Ip-p.Hcp apkvenanv asmcp ktlm-Z-c-t\m-Sp _m[y-X-I Bdm-Ip-p. Ip-ap-p-tm kemw ]d-bp-I, Wn-m AXv kzoI-cn-p-I, kZp-]-tZiw Bh-iy-s-m AXv \Ip-I. Ah XpnAlw-Zp-en Fp ]d-m blapIm sImv Ahs\Biw-kn-p-I, tcmKn-bm-bm kin-p-I, acn-m AhsP\m-ksb A\p-K-an-p-I. (apkvenw) Cu hnj-b-n thsdbpwlZo-kp-I hnp-v. tcmKnsb kin- GXp \nevt\mn-bmepw KpW-I-c-amb Imcy-am-sWv a\-n-em-mw. i{Xp-shsm an{X-sasm [\n-I-s\tm Zcn-{Z-s\tm hyXym-k-an -msX Fm-h-scbpw kin-p-I-bmWpth-Xv. ki\waptJ\ hyn_w `{Z-am-m\pw sIp-d-p--Xm-m\pw km[n-p-sa-Xv Hcp kXyam-Wv. i{Xq -Xtbm atm \ne-\nphyn-Isf kin-p-XpsImv Ah-cp -sS -bn -S -bnkvt\l_- ]p\-m-]n -m Ign -t-pw. AXp-sImmWv tcmK-k-i-\-ns {]m[m\yw \_n(-kz) ]e-tmgpwDun--d--Xv. Hcp apkvenw Xs ktlm-Z-c-\mb apkven-ans\kin-m Ah aS-n-h-cp-Xp hsc kzK-nse ImbvI-\n -I-fp tXm-n-em -bn -cn -pw. (aqkvenw). A_q-lp-d -bvd -bn\nv(-d) apkvenap--cn-p lZo-kn, ]c-tem-Iv shvAmlp tNmZn-p--Xmbn ]d-bp-p. a\p-jy-]p{Xm, Rm tcmKn-

bm-bn, \osbt Fs- k-in-n? Ah ]d-bp-p. \mYm,\o kh-tem-I-c-n-Xm-h-t, Rm\-ss\ \ns kinpw?Amlp ]d-bp-p: \o Adn-n-cp-nt, Fs ASna tcmK-bmbn


24/73


InS-Xv? Fnv \o Ahs\ kin-n-? \n\--hnsS FsImWm-am-bn-cp-p-.... (ap-kvenw) tcmKnsb kin- F{X-am{Xw

{]m[m-\y-aln-p-p-shv CXv hy-am-n--cp-p. In\v_m[n Hcp sNdnb thZ-\vt]mepw \_n(kz) Fs kin-p-shv sskZp_v\pAIz-an \nv A_qZm-hqZpw AlvaZpw D-cn-p-p. kv{XoIv ]pcp-jamsc kin-p--Xn\v hntcm-[-sam-p-an-. _pJm-cn-bn kv{XoI ]pcp-jamsc kin-F A[ym-b-n Dp-ZZm-Av, Akzm-cn-I-fns] Hcp ]pcp-js\ kin kw`hw hni-Zo-I-cn-p-p. BC-i(-d) ]d-bp-p:\_n(-kz) aZo-\-bn-tev lnPvd t]mbn. Ahn-sS-sb-n-btm

A_q-_-Ivdn\pw(-d) _nemen\pw(d) tcmKw _m[np InS-n-em-bn.As\ Rm Ahsc cp t]scbpw kin-p. B-C-i(-d) ]d-bp-p: A_q-_-Iv(-d) tcmKw _m[n-m Cs\ ]mSm-dp-m-bn-cp-p. Fm a\p-jycpw Xs hop-Imn-S-bn kpJ-ambn hkn-p-p. ac-W-am-Is Ahs sNcp-ns hmdn-s\-m F{XtbmASp-m-WpXm\pw. (_p-Jm-cn) tcmKn Aap-kven-am-sW-nepw At-ls kin- kp-m-Wv. \_nv(-kz) tkh\wsNbvXn-cp Hcp PqX-bp-hm-hn\v tcmKw _m[n--tm \_n(-kz) kin-

-Xmbn A\-kn\nv(-d) _pJmcn dntmv sNbvX lZo-knImWmw.

ki\ acym-Z-I

ki-I s]mXp-hmb Nne acym-Z-I-sfms ]men-t--Xm-Wv. hon Ib-dn-s-p-tm BZy-ambn kemw ]d-b-Ww. honsecl-ky--f-t\z -jn --cp -Xv . kv{XoI \np `mK-tvt\mp-Itbm sXnm-c-W-bp-m-p cq]-n s]cp-am-dp-ItbmAcp-Xv. tcmKnpw hop-Impw iey-ambntmp cq]-n

AhnsS X-cp-Xv. kwkm-cn--cp-sXv tUmIvS \ntZ-in tcmKn-tbmSv kwkm-cnv hnjaw krjvSn--cp-Xv. hfsc hn\-b-tmSpwkvt\l-tmSpw IqSn tcmK-hn-h-c- At\z-jn-p--Xn\v hntcm-[-sam-p-an-. \_n(-kz) As\ sNm-dp-m-bn-cpp.-A\kn-\nv(-d) D-cn-p Hcp lZo-kn \_n(kz) tcmKn-bmb Hcpbphm-hns\ kin--tm Ah-t\mSv \ns nXn F-s\-bn-cn-pp F-t\z-jn-n-cp-p Fp ImWmw. (XpapZn). FmtcmK-k-i-\-n\v th {]tXyI ka-bhpw Xo-Xnbpw

shp ]Xn-shmpw dkq-en\v(-kz)-Dm-bn-cp-n-. tcmKn-Ipthn {]mn-m {in-t--Xm-Wv. \_n(-kz) tcmKn-Ipthn ki\ thf-bn {]mYn-m-dp-m-bn-cp-p. BCi(-d)


25/73


{]kvXm-hn-p-p. R-fn \nv Bs-nepw tcmKw _m[n-m dkq(-kz) Xs heXp ssIsImv tcmKnsb XS-hp-Ibpw

]noSv Cs\ {]mYn-p-Ibpw sNpw: P\--fpsS \mYm,hnjaw \on--tc-W-ta, kpJsSpp-Ibpw sNt-W-ta, kpJ-s-Sp-p--h \obm-Wv, \o \Ip kpJ-a-msX kpJ-an-,bmsXmcp tcmKhpw Ah-ti-jn-m kpJw(_p-Jm-cn). ap-Nnedntmp-I-fn \_n(kz) "kmc-an- Amlp Dt-in-m kpJ-sSpw' (_p-Jm-cn) Fp ]d--Xmbn hn-p-v. Nne-tm tcmKn-bpsS t]sc-Spv ]dpw {]mYn-n-p-v. "Am-lp-th, kAvZn\v\o ia\w \tI-Wta' (_p-Jm-cn) ki\ thf-bn tcmKn-bpsS

apJpw hb-pw \_n(-kz)-X-S-hn-b-Xmbn dntmv sN-s-n-p-v.(_p-Jm-cn) tcmKn ac-Wm-k--\m-sW-n At-l-n\v emCem l Cm Fv sNmn-sm-Sp-t--Xm-Wv. acWw Bk--am-bm \n em Ceml C-m Fv sNmn-sm-Sp-p-I.(apkvenw) Bcp-sS-sb-nepw Ah-km-\s hmv emCeml C-m sbn Ah kzK-n {]th-in-pw (lm-Inw) Fp\_n(kz) ]d-n-cn-p-p. \_n(-kz) Akzm-dp-I-fns] Hcpa\p-jys\ kin--tm em Ceml C-m sNmm ]d-p.

As\ sNmp-Xv F\nv {]tbm-P-\-I-c-amtWm F-tlwtNmZn--tm AsX-sbv \_n(kz) adp-]Sn \Ip-I-bp-m-bn.(A-lva-Zv) Fm tcmKnsb Izn_vev t\sc Xncnp InS-p-Itbm AhsS shv bmko ]mcm-bWw sNp-Itbm sNt-Xn-sv {]apJ lZokv ]WvUn-X-\mb \mkzn-dp-o A_-lm\nF IrXn-bn ]d-bp-p (t]. 11), CXn-m-kv]-Z-ambn D-cn-m-dp dntmv CXm-Wv. ss\ep HuXzm-dn ]d-bp-Xv t\mpI.Zmd-IzpXzv\n ]dbp-p. CXns ]c-c _e-lo-\-am-Wv. hmNIw

Am-X-am-Wv. Cu hnj-b-n H lZokpw kzlol-. (4,19)Ccw k`--fn ]e-X-c-n-ep A\m-Nm-c- IS-p-h-cm-dp-Xv \psS kap-Zm-b-n kh-km-[m-c-W-am-Wv. AXp-sImvAhnsS kn-ln-X-cm-b-h Cu Imcy--sfmw hfsc {i-tbm-SpIqSn ssIImcyw sNt--Xm-Wv. Ccw k`--fn A\m-hiy h-am-\-fpw thm Imcy-fpw ]d-bm-Xn-cn-m{inpIbpw thWw. At-l-n\p thn {]mYn-p-Ibpw \t\cp-I-bp-amWv th-Xv. Dpke-a-bn\nv(-d) D-cnpp.

\n tcmKn-bpsS ASp- kn-ln-X-cm-bm \tX ]d-bm-hq.ImcWw ae-p-I \n ]d-bp--Xn -s\mw Bao ]d-bp-XmWv. (apkvenw).


26/73


acWwac-W-s-p-dnv uXn-I-im-kv{X-n\v Fsmw A`n-{]m-b-

fpw \nK-a-\--fp-ap-s-nepw Hcp Imcyw \apv Xop-]-d-bmw. Zriy-amb `uXnI ico-c-n \nv AZr-iy-amb A`u-XnIicocw Xm-en-I-ambn hnS-]-d-bp-XmWv ac-Ww. acWw \psSPohn-X-n Hcp km[m-cW kw`-h-am-sW-nepw hfsc Kuc-h-tmsS \mw AXns\ hon-t--Xm-Wv. Amlp D-c-hm-Z-s-Sp-nb {]tXyI ae-p-I aptJ-\-bmWv acWw kw`-hn-p--Xv. Izq-B ]d-bp-p (\-_n-tb) ]d-bp-I: \n-fpsS Imcy-n

Gev]n--s ac-W-ns aev \nsf acn-n-p--Xm-Wv. ]no-Sv, \n-fpsS cn-Xm-hns ASp--tev \n aS--s-Sp--Xp-am-Wv. (k-PZ 11) F{X ]pWy-hm-\m-bmepw ac-W-th-Z\ A\p-`-hn-t-n-hcpw. Bpw AXn \nv c-s-Sm-\m-hn-. Izp-B ]d-bp-p:""GsXmcp tZlhpw acWw Bkz-Zn-p--Xm-Wv.''Cu{]tbm-K-n \nv ac-W-n\v thZ-\-bp-m-p-sav hy-am-W-tm. asmcp ev Izp-B ]d-bpp: A(-{]m-W)sXm-p-gn-bn Fp-I-bpw, a{n-m-\m-cpv Fv ]d-b-s-Sp-

Ibpw, AXv (X-s) th]m-Sm-sWv Ah hnNm-cn-p-I-bpw, IW-mepw IW-mepw Iqn-n-W-bp-Ibpw sNbvXm Av \ns cn-Xm-hn--te-m-bn-cnpw sXfnp \ns sImp-t]m-Ip--Xv. (AIznbm-a 26-30). ac-W-ns Ak-ly-amb thZ-\-bn \nv apnt\Sm \mw Am-lp-hn-t\mSv {]mYn-t--Xm-Wv. \_nbpsS(-kz) - {]mY\ ImWpI: Am-lpth, ac-W-ns thZ-\-bn\npw sh{]m-f -n \npw \o Fs klm-bn -t-W-ta.(XnanZn).


27/73


acWm\cw sNtXvHcp a\p-jy ac-W-sm AhnsSbph \nh-ln-t

Nne Imcy--fp-v. ]Tn--hv t]mepw Ccw k`--fnsh{]mfw ImcWw ]eXpw sNm Ign-bm-dn-. acWw kw`-hn-p-shv Dd-m-bm an-ns Ip-I cpw AS-p-Ibpw At-l-n\p thn {]mYnp-Ibpw thWw. A_p-k-e-a(-d) acn--tm Xpdp InS-n-cp At-l-ns Ip-I \_n(-kz) AS-p-]n -Snp XpSv ]d-p: ""Bflmhv ]nSn --s-m IvAXns\ ]np-S-cp--Xm-Wv.'' tijw A_q-k-e-av(-d) thn

Cs\ {]mYn-p: Am-lpth! A_qk-e-av \o s]mdpvsImSp-t-Wta. kmKn-I-fpsS Iq-n At-l-ns ]Zhn\o Dbt-W-ta. _mn-bp--h-cpsS Iq-n, At-l-ns]nKm-an -I-fn At-l-ns A`mhw \o ]cn-l-cn -t-W-ta.kh-temI cn-Xm-th, At-l-n\pw Rpw \o s]mdpvXtc-W-ta. At-l-ns Iz_v \o hnim-e-amnsmSp-p-Ibpw{]Imiw sNmcnp sImSp-p-Ibpw sNt-W-ta. (ap-kvenw,AlvaZv). tijw arX-tZlw apgp-h hkv{Xw sImv aqS-Ww.

\_n(-kz) h^m-m-b-tm At-ls As\ aqSn-bn-p-svBC-i(-d) dntmv sNp-p. \_n(-kz) \ncym-X-\m-b-tmhcbpw Ipdn -bp-ap Hcp ]pXp sImv aqS-s-p. (_p-Jm-cn,apkvenw). Fm ln\v Clvdmw sInb Ah-k-c-n-emWv acn--sX-n CXv _m[-I-a-. At-l-ns apJhpw Xebpw ad-t--Xn-. C_v\pAm-kv(-d) ]d-bp-p. Hcp a\p-jy Ad-^-bn\np-tm Xs H-I-p-dv \nv hoWp acnp. \_n(-kz)]d-p: ""Xmfnbpw sh-hp-ap-]-tbm-Knv At-ls Ipfn-n-p-

I. cp-h-kv{X-n At-ls I^ sNp-I.'' (A-t-l-ns cv hkv{X-n Fpw dntmp-v) kpK-{Z-hy-D]-tbm-Kn-t--Xn-. Xebpw apJhpw ad-t--Xn-. ImcWw


28/73


Atlw Iznbm-av \mfn Fgp-tp-Xv X_n-vsNmn-sm-m-bn-cn-pw. (_p-Jm-cn, apkvenw). hfsc thK-n

Cu Imcy- \n-ln--W-sav \_n-h-N-\--fn \nv hy-am-Wv. A[n-I-k-abw Imn-cn-p-Xv \-X-. acn hynsb\mn Xs ad-am-Sp --XmWv D-aw. ap e--fn -tevsImp-t]m-tI--Xn-. Pm_ndp_v\pA_vZn--bn(-d) \np--cn-p Hcp lZo-kn DlvZv bp-n sIme-sN--s--hsc km[m-cW apkvenw-Isf adhv sNm-dp _Izo-C-tev sImp-h-cp-XvI-tm sIme-sN--s--hsc Ahn-sS-s adhp sN-W-sav Am-lp-hns {]hm-N-I \n-tfmSv Iev]n-pp F

Adn-bn-p-m-bn. Fs D-sbbpw Am-h-s\bpw H-I-p-dvIbn D _Izo-C-tev sImp-h-n-cp-p. DSs\ R AhscAtmp Xs sImp-t]m-bn. ]no-Sv, t\cs hym-am-n-bXv t]mse an-n\v h IS-_m-[y-X-I-fp-ap -s-n DS-s\-s hom -\p amK- kzoI-cn -t--Xm-Wv.kAZv_v\pAXvhen\nv(-d) C_v\p-amP D-cn-p-p. At-l-ns ktlm-Z-c acn--tm ktlm-Z-cs k-smw Ah-Im-in-Iv hn`-Pnp sImSp- Hcp-n-b-tm \_n(-kz) At-

ls hnfn-p. ktlm-Z-cs IS-an-S-]m-Sp-I-sfmw hom D]-tZ-in-p. As\ Atlw Fm _m[y-X-Ifpw hop-I-bp-m-bn. (C-_v\p-am-P) cp-Zo\m am{Xw IS-_m-[y-X-bp-m-bn-cp Hcp a\p-jy acn--tm At-l-n\v thn \a-kvI-cn -m \_n(-kz)Xm-dm-bn-. \n-fpsS ktlm-Z-c\v \n \a-kv-cn-pIFv ]d-bp -I-bm-Wp-m-bXv. Atm A_qIz-XmZx Fkzlm_n an -ns IS-_m-[yX Gs-Sp -p. XZ-\-cw\_n(kz) \a-kvI-cn-p-I-bp-m-bn. ]noSv B cp Zn\m ISw

honb kzlm-_nsb A`n-ap-Jo-I-cnv {]hm-N-I ]d-p: CtmXm At-ls \cIin-bn \nv cn-n-cn-p-I-bm-Wv.(lm-Inw)


29/73


IzpB ]mcmbWwacn hyn-bpsS Npp-an-cpv Izp-B ]mcm-bWw sNp

coXn Nne-bn-S--fn-semw ImWm-dpv. Fm Ckvem-an CXn\vamXr-I-bn-. {]hm-N-I C-s\-sbmv kzlm-_n-Iv ]Tn-n-n-tbn-. ]Tn-n-n-cp-s-n Hcn--se-nepw Ah-cXv sNp-am-bn-cp-p. dkq(-kz) acn--tm kzlm-_n-I Izp-B ]mcm-bWwsNbvX-Xmbn Fhn-sSbpw tcJ-bn-. acn a\p-jy\v ]pWyw Inmthn At-l-ns Npp-an -cpv Izp-B HmXn Iqen lZvbsNp(Zm-\w) k{-Zmbw ]nm-ev apkvenw-I-fn IS-p-Iq-

Snb Hc-\m-Nm-c-am-Wv. Pohn-n-cn -p--hv XmoXv \evImthn Ah-X-cn-n--s hnip Izp-B(kqd: bmko) acna\p-jy-cpsS Npp-an -cpv ]mcm-bWw sNp--Xn\v ]e \ymb-fpw ]d-sm-n -m-dp -v. Izp -B ]mcm-bWw \-Xt_It Fsm-s. hmkvX-h-n Ccw {]tXy-I-am -sbmcp kml-N-cy-n AXv \-Xm-bn-cp-p-sh-n {]hm-N-I\pwkzlm-_n -Ifpw Xo-bmbpw AXv sNp-am -bn -cp -p. \s-msfmw \ sNm Xmev]-cy-ap--h-cm-Wsm Ah-scmw .

]s, Ah As\ sNbvXn-. acn--hp-thn Izp-B]mcm-bWw sNbvXm AXns Iqen acn--hv e`n-p-I-bn-s--XmWv im^nCu aZvl_nse t]mepw {]kn--amb A`n-{]m-bw.Camw \hhn At-l-ns ilp apkven -an ]d-bp -XvImWpI. Fm acn--hp Izp-B ]mcm-b-Ws kw_-nv im^nCu aZvl_nse {]kn--amb A`n-{]mbw AXns{]Xn-^ew acn--hv e`n-p-I-bn Fm-Wv. (ilp apkvenw190) {]mam-Wn-I-\mb Izp-B hymJym-Xmhv C_v\p-I-ko(-d)

kqdXp--Pvanse Hcmbv hymJym-\n-p-sImp ]d-bp-p: ""CuBb-n \nmWv Camw im^n-Cubpw (-d) At-l-ns A\p-bm-bn-Ifpw acn--hv thn Izp-B HmXn AXns Iqen Zm\w


30/73


sNbvXm AhXv e`n-p-I-bn-v A`n-{]m-b-s-n-p--Xv.''ImcWw AXv acn--h-cpsS {]hr-n-bntem km-Zy-ntem s]-

X-. AXp-sIm-mWv \_n(-kz)AXv Xs kap-Zm-b-n\v \ntZ-in-p-I-tbm, hy-ambpw hrwKy-ambpw kqN\ \evIpI t]mepwsNm-Xn-cp--Xv. Hcp kzlm-_n-bn \npw AXp--cn--s-n-p-an-. AXv Hcp \ Imcy-am-bn-cp-p-sh-n Ah \s-m Xmev]-cy-]qhw AXn-tev apI-S-p-am-bn-cp-p. kzK-n-te--Sp-n-p ]qWy-Ia-fpsS Imcy-n -\zp-I (JUnX {]am-Ww) am{X-am-Wv A-h-ew-_w. (C-_v\p-I-ko 4:28) im^nCu aZvl-_p-Im-cm-sWp ]d-bp--h, apI-fn-ep--cn ]WvUn-Xm-`n-{]m-b-

{in-n-cp-s-n, C-c-sam-c-\m-Nmcw \nh-ln-p-am-bn-cp-n-. im^nCu aZvl-_n-se-s {]am-Wn-I-amb A`n-{]m-b--fmWtm apI-fn-ep--cn--Xv. ssiJp Ckvemw C_v\pssXan-(-d) ]d-bp-p: kpv \a-kvImcw \nh-ln-p-I-tbm, kpvt\m-\p-jn-Tn-p-Itbm Izp-B HmXp-Itbm sNbvXv AXnsIqen acn apkvenw-Iv Zm\w sNp ]Xnhv ]qhn-Ip-m-bn-cp-n-. Ah-cpsS amK-n \nv sXn-tm-Im-Xn-cn-m {in-t--XmWv. Imc-Ww, AXmWv t{ijvThpw ]cn-]qW-hp-amb

amKw. C{Xbpw hni-Zo-I-cn--Xn \nv acn--hv thn-bpIzp-B ]mcm-b-W-ns Ckvem-an-I-hn[n hy-am-btm.


31/73


ZpxJ {]IS\wacn hon ZpxJ- mcw Xn-\np A-co--am-bn-cn-pw.

Imc-Ww, X-fpsS IqsS Ap-hsc Pohn-X-ns kpJ ZpxJ- ]n hyn, As-n X kzPo-h-s\-m-tfsdkvt\ln-p ]ntm-a-\- XpS-n-b-h-cmbncnpw hnS-]-d-n-cn-p-Xv. Ccw L--fn a\-n\v Xmm-\m-hm ZpxJwsImv Ip-I \nd-sm-gp-In-bm AXn Akmw-K-Xy-tam-p-an-. kvt\l-n-sbpw Imcp-Wy-n-sbpw A\p-I--bp-sSbpw\n_ Xm]cyw am{X-am-WXv. {]hm-N-I-]p-{X C_vdmlow acn-

-tm Ahn-Ss- I-p-I \nd-p. Fn--tlw ]d-p:t\{X- Ip-\o s]mgn-p-p. a\v ZpxJw t]dpp \mw\psS \mY CjvS-s-Sp--X-msX ]d-bm-Xn-cn-pI C_vdm-lota,\ns th]m-Sn Xo-bmbpw R Gsd ZpxJn-X-cmWv (_p-Jm-cn) Xs ]p{Xn ssk\-_-ns aI Dssaa acn--tmgpw At-l-ns Ip-I \nd-sm-gp-In. {]hm-N-I-tc, Xm Ic-bptm? Fv kAvZp_v\p D_mZ tNmZn--tm Atlw ]d-p:AXv Amlp Ahs ASn-a-I-fpsS a\-n shp sImSp

ImcpWyw am{X-amWv. IcpW ImWn-p--h-t\mSv am{Xta Am-lphpw IcpW ImWn-p-I-bp-q. (^nIzvlpp-) Fm amd--Sn-p-I, Iqn-hn-fn-p-I, Xe-apSn henp NnX-dp-I, A-l-kn-p-I, \nev InSv Dcp-fpI XpS-n-bh Ckvemw A\p-h-Zn-n-n-m Imcy--fm-Wv. \_n(-kz) ]d-p: ""apJ--Sn-p-Ibpw amdvhenp Iodp-Ibpw Pmln-enm Imestmse hnfnp Iqh \S-p-Ibpw sNp--h-scmpw \psS kap-Zm-b-n s]-h-c-.''(_p-Jm-cn) ZpxJ-{]-I-S-\-n\v thn apSn-sh-p-Xpw apSn Agn-n-

Sp-Xpw dkq(kz) hntcm-[n--h-bn s]-h-bm-Wv. A_p-aq-k-bpsS ]p{X A_qZZ-bn \nv, A_p aqk Hcn- ITn-\-tcmKw _m[nv t_m[-c-ln-X-\m-bn. At-l-ns IpSpw-_-nse


32/73


Hcp kv{Xo At-l-ns Xe-a-Sn-bnshv A-l-kn-m XpS-n. t_m[w sXfn--tm Atlw Cs\ ]d-p. Xncp-\_n

Bcp-ambn _w hnSp\-Xpw Ah-cp -ambn Rm\p-anXm_w hnSp-p. an-ns t]cn A-l-kn-p--h-fn\npw amdv henp Iodp --h-fn \npw \_n( -kz) _whnSnbn-cpp.(_p-Jm-cn) nc-ambn XmSn-h-Sn-n-cp ]ecpwZpxJ-{]-I-S-\-n\v thn Ipdv Imew XmSn \on hfp-XpwCkvem-anI ho-W-n \ymbo-I-cn-m-hp--X. AXp-t]mseXe sambSnp-sImpw Idp t_UvPv [cnpsImpw acna\p-jy-tcmSv A\q-`mhw {]I-Sn-n-p-Xpw ]gb Pmln-en--ns\

A\p-kva-cn-n-p--Xm-Wv. hnizm-kn-Iv Ftmgpw Ckvem-anIkwkvIm-c-amWv Fm cwK--fnepw A`n-e-j-Wo-b-am-bn-p--Xv.C_v\p-A-_m-kv( -d) {]kvXm-hn -p-p. dkqens(kz) ]p{Xnssk\-_(-d) ac-W-s--tm kv{XoI Ic-p. Atm Da(-d) Xs ssIbnep-m-bn-cp Nm-hmsImv Ahsc ASn-p.DSs\ dkq(-kz) Dadns(d) ssIp ]nSnv "AcpXv Datd' Fv]d-p. A\-cw \n ]nim-Nns Ae kqn--W-savkv{XoI-tfmSv D]-tZ-in-p. Fnv \_n(kz) ]d-p: ""In

\npw a\-n \npw Dm-Ip ZpxJ-{]-I-S\w Am-lp-hn\np-Xpw I\nhv \nan--hp-amWv ssIbn\npw \mhn\n-p-ap-Xv ]nim-Nns hI-bp-amWv (Alv-a-Zv). acn hyn-bp-am-bpkvt\l-_---_-lp-am-\m-Zchp-I-\p-k-cnv ]e-tmgpw ZpxJ-ns Imcy-nepw G-p-d-n-ep-I-fp-m-hpI kzm`m-hn-I-am-Wv.Fm, Fp Xs-bm-bmepw GsXmcp hyn-p-th-nbpwaqv Znh-k-n IqSp-X ZpxJm-N-cWw Ckvemw A\p-h-Zn-p-n-. PAv^(-d)-a-cn--tm aqv Znh-k-n IqSp-X ZpxJn-n-cn-

m (I-c-bm) ]mSn-sv \_n(kz) At-l-ns hop-ImscD]-tZ-in-p. (A-_qZm-hq-Zv)


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kv{XoIfpsS ZpxJmNcWwkv{XoIv ZpxJm-N-c-W-n Nne hyXym-k--fp-v. `-

m-hns ac-W-n kv{Xo \mep-am-khpw ]p-Zn-h-khpw ZpxJ-am-N-cn-t--Xp-v. Izp-B\pw lZokpw CXv hy-am-p-p. CuIme-b-f-hn Ahv hnhm-ln-X-cm-Im A\p-hmZ-an-. Izp-B]d-bp-p: \n-fn Bsc-nepw X-fpsS `mcy-amsc hntpsImv ac-W-s-Sp-I-bm-sW-n Ah(`m-cy-am) X-fpsS Imcy-n \mep-am -khpw ]p-Zn -h-khpw Imn-cn -t--Xm-Wv.(A_-Izd: 234) Fm K`n-Wn-bm-sW-n {]k-hn-p-Xv

hsc-bmWv C-bn-cn-t--Xv. (A-Xz-em-Izv: 5) `m-h-m--hp-thn aqp-Zn-h-k-n IqSp-X ZpxJm-N-cWw \njn--am-Wv;Ah F{X ASp _-ap--h-cm-sW-n-epw, \_n(kz) ]d-bp-p: Cu L-n- Ah ]men -t acym -Z -Isf Ipdnpw\_n(kz) ]Tnn-n-p-v.

kpK--ap-]-tbm-Kn-

Cu ka-bv kpK--ap-]-tbm-Kn- \njn--am-Wv. Dp-A-

Xzn--bn \nv _pJmcn D-cn-p lZo-kn CXp]-dbpp-v.Fm, EXp-c--n \nv Ipfnv ipn-h-cp-p-tm D]-tbm-Kn-t-n-h-cp efn-X-amb kpK--h-kvXp--sf-s-nepw D]-tbm-Kn-p-Xn\v hntcm-[-an-sv XpSv Xncp-\_n ]d-bp-p: CXvkpK--ap -]-tbm-Kn -pI F Bi-b-n Ds-Sp -I-bn -.Fm Xe-bn F-tX-p-Xpw tkmv D]-tbm-Kn-p-Xpwapw hntcm-[n--s--X-.

Ae-m-c-a-Wn-b

Ae-mchkv{X-fWn-bepw \njn--am-Wv. _pJm-cn-bpsSdntmn Ae-mc hkv{X--f-m Nmbw apnb hkv{X-[cn-m-sap hnpv. km[m-c-W-[-cn-p hkv{X- GXpw


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[cn-m-sav C-Xn \np hy-am-Wv. sh-h-kv{X-a-Wn-b-W-satm hoSn-\p-n {]tXyI apdn-bn ad-bp-mn Ccn--W-

satm \ntZi-an-. AXp-t]m-se, Is-gp-Xp--Xpw, kpdp-a-bn-Sp-Xpw A\p-h-Z-\o-b-a-(-_p-Jm-cn). Fm, tcmK-Im-c-W-sImtm atm kpdpa D]-tbm-Kn -tn hm hntcm -[-an -smWv ]WvUnX ]-w. A-s\-bm-Ip-tm ]I-ep-I-fn Hgn-hm-p-Ibpw cm{Xn D]-tbm-Kn-p-I-bp-amWv D-aw.

B`-c-Whpw ssaem-nbpw

Dp-k-e-abn\nv(-d)- A_qZm-hp-Zv, AlvaZv Fn-h D-cn-p- lZo-kn CXv A\p-h-Z-\o-b-a-sv hy-am-n-bn-cn-p-p.sam--n Ch-sIm-p-t-in--s-n-p--Xv, Hcp Xc-n-ep-apku--cy-{]-I-S-\hpw A\p-h-Z-\o-b-a F-Xm-Wv. Bh-iy-n\vho-n \nv ]pd-n-d-p-Xpw ]n-bn t]mIp-Xpw ln\vt]m-Ip-Xpw tPmenv t]mIp-Xpw hntcm-[n--s--Xmbn hn-n-. `Ww ]mIwsNp-I, Xqv hmcp-I, XpSn Fm Krl-tPm-en-I-fnepw Chv GsSmhpXmWv. acWm\cw `mhnsap-Jw ImWm-t\m A\y-]p-cp-jm-tcmSv kwkm-cn-mt\m Ahsc Im-W-mt\m hop-ap-nd-mt\m ]mSn-s hnizmkw ASn-m-\-c-ln-

XamWv. NnebnSfn hon\Iv CXn\mbn Iqkpw kuIcyfpw GsSpphcpapv. \mev]Xv Znhkw sImv ZpxJmNcWwAh-km-\n-n-p-Ibpw, A{Xbpw \m hoSns P\hmXnep-I- AS-msX Xpd-n-Sp--h-cp-apv. CXn-s\mpw Hc-Sn-m-\-hp-an-.

arXtZls Npw_nmtam?arX-tZ-l-ns apJw Xpdv ImWm-hp-Xpw Npw_n-m-hp-

-Xp-am-Wv. Pm_n-dp_v\p A_vZn-bpsS(-d)- ]nXmhv sIm-s--

tm Atlw Xs ]nXm-hns apJv \nv hkv{Xw amn Ic-bp-I-bp-m-bn. ASp-p--h FXnv {]I-Sn-n--tmgpw \_n(-kz) AX-\p-h-Zn-p-I-bm-Wp-m-b-Xv. (_p-Jm-cn, apkvenw) \_n(-kz)acn--tm A_q-_-Iv(-d) At-l-ns apJw Xpdv ImWp-Ibpw s\n-bn Npw_n-p-Ibpw Ic-bp-I-bp-ap-m-bn-sbv BC-ibn \nv(-d) _pJmcn D-cn-p-pv. Dkvam-\p_v\p aZv-DuF kzlm_n acnp InS-p-tm \_n(-kz) At-l-nsapJw Xpdv ImWp-Ibpw Npw_n-p-Ibpw Io s]mgn-p-I-bp-

ap-mbn (Xpap-Zn). acn--hsc kvt\lm-[n-Iy-m Npw_n-A\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-sWv CXn \np a\-n-em-mw.


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a- Ah-ew-_n-pI

ASp _p-an-{Xm-Zn-I Bsc-nepw acnp Fv tIp-

tm-tgpw sh{]m-fhpw thh-em-Xnbpw ImWn-p ]Xnhv \-fn -sem-s-bp-v. \mw hf-sc-tbsd kvt\ln-p--h, \apvth-s--h, Xmpw XW-ep-ambn hn--h XpS-n-b-h-scms \-tmSv hnS-]-d-bp-tm Xo-bmbpw a\v s\m-c-s-Spw. IZ-\-`m-c-m incv Xmgvpw. Ccw k`--fn hf-sc-tbsd hn-thIw ]pem {ian-t--Xp-v. AXoh am-ep--fm-tI L--am-Wn-Xv. Amlp krjvSnXv Ah Xncn-s-Sp-p-tm am-]q-hw hn-m \apv Ign-b-Ww. Ccw \jvS-

-fp-m-Ip-tm- kwb-a-\-a-h-ew-_n-p--hv ktm-j-hmAdn-bn-m- Izp-B (2: 155157) \ntZ-in-p-p. IqSmsXCm enmln h-C-m Csseln dmPn-Du (R- Am-lp-hn-\phcm-Wv. A-h--tep Xs aS-p--h-cp-am-Wv) Fv ]d-b-W-sa-p-IqSn D]-tZ-in-p-p. Acw a\p-jyv Ahs Imcp-Wyhp A\p-{K-l-hpw hjn-p-sapw Ah-cmWv bYmY-nkmKw {]m-]n--h-scpw ]Tn-n-p-p. Dp-k-e-a-bn \npdntm-\p-k-cnv Am-lpth Fs _pn-ap-n \o F\nv c-

\Ip-Ibpw C-Xn-t\-m sasXv ]Icw \evIp-Ibpw sNt-Wta (ap-kvenw) F-p-IqSn {]mYn-W-sa-p-v. kzw a acn--Xns t]-cn a-b-h-ew-_n-p amXm-]n-Xm-v AXn-a-l-mb {]Xn-^-ew hmKvZm-\w sNp [mcmfw \_n-h-N-\--fp-v.\_n(-kz) ]d-p: GsX-n-epw Hcp kv{Xo Ah-fpsS aqv aacn--Xns t]-cn a-b-h-ew-_n-m Ah Ahv \c-I-n\nsmcp a-d-bmbn hn-pw. Atm kv{Xo tNmZn-p: cp-t]-cmsWntem. dkq ]dp, cp-t]-cm-bmepw (_p-Jm-cn). asmcp

\_n-h-N\w At-bw Bizm-k-Zm-b-I-am-Wv. \_n(-kz) ]d-p:{]mb-]q-n-sb-m aqp-a-- arXn-b-S-bp--G-sXmcp apkvenwamXm-]n-Xm-pw Am-lp-hn-s Imcp-Wy-m Ah aptJ\kzK{]-thiw e`n-m-Xn-cn-n-. Atlw XpSp: Ah kzK-I-hm-S--fn-em-bn-cn-pw. A-tm-- Ah-tcmSv ]d-b-s-Spw. \nkzK-n- {]th-in-tm-fq. Ah ]d-bpw: R-fpsS amXm-]n-Xm- F-n-t-cs Atm Ah-tcmSv ]d-b-s-Spw: \nfpw \n-fpsS am-Xm-]n-Xm-fpw Am-lp-hns Imcp-Wy-m kzK-n

{]th-in-psIm-pI. (\km-Cu, ss_l-Jn)


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acWw Adnbnepw adhpsNepw

ac-W-hm ASp _p-an-{Xm-Zn-I-sf-sbms Adn-bn-p-Xv Ckvemw A\p-h-Zn-n-p-v. anv kwkvI-c-W-n ]p-tN-cm B{K-ln-p--hsc Adn-bn-p-I-Xs thWw. akvPn-Zp--_hn ASn-p-hm-cn-bn-cp Hcp kv{Xo acn--tm "\n-sftFs B Imcyw Adn-bn-n -' Fv \_n(-kz) tNmZn-p-I-bp-mbn (_p-Jm-cn). FtXym]y-bnse(A-_vko-\n-b) N{I-hn-bm-bn-cp \min(t\-K-kv) ac-W-s hnhcw \_n(-kz) kzlm-_n-Isf Adn-bn-p-Ibpw Ah-scbpw Iqn At-l-n\v anv \a-

kvI-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp(_p-Jm-cn, apkvenw). AXpt]mse-saqAvXz bp-n c-km-nXzw hcn sskZnsbpw(d) -acWhm IcpsImv Ahn-Spv kzlm-_n-Isf Adn-bn--Xmbn A\-kn\nv(-d)- D-cn-p-p. ac-W-a-dn-bn-p--hv an-n\pthn {]mYn-m Bh-iy-s-Sp-Ibpw sNmw. \m-in-bpsS ac-W-hm Adn-b-np-sImv \n-fpsS ktlm-Z-c\pthn \n ]m]-tam-N-\-n\v AYn-p-hn Fv \_n(-kz)]d-bp-I-bp-m-bn. Fm ac-W-hm Adn-bn-m thn

Pmln-en-m-Im-ev \ne-\n-n-cp k{-Zmbw ]np-S-cp--Xns\\_n(-kz) hntcm-[n-p-I-bpmbn. hoSp-I-fpsS apnepw Am-Sn-bnepw sXcp-hp-I-fn-ep-samw \nv D-n B--l-kn-p-Ibpw an-ns kvXpXn-Io-\- ]mSn-p-I-gvpIbpwAh-cpsS hntbm-K-m tijn--h \in-p-t]mbn Fv ]dvhne-]n-p-Ibpw sNp k{-Zm-b-am-W-Xv. Ccw ac-W-a-dn-bn- \_n(kz) hntcm-[n-n-p-sv lpssZ-^(-d) ]d-bp-p(Xpap-Zn). Cu ]cn-jvIrX bpK-nepw ac-W-hm-bp-ambn hcphv

]e Hu]-Nm-cn-I-X-Ifpw Hcp-p k{-Zmbw Nne-bn-S--fn-sems\ne-\np-p. Ahn-sS-bp-apv NS-p-I. CsXms Pmln-en--ns hI-t`-Z- am{X-am-Wv.


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thK-n adhp sNWw

arX-tZlw Xma-kn-n-msX Ign-bp-Xpw thK-n adhp

sNt--Xm-Wv. ka-b-am-bm \a-kvIm-chpw acWw kw`-hn-mtij-{In -bbpw tbmPn CWsb Is-n-bm hnhm-lhpw]nn-cn--cp-sXp \_n(-kz) D]-tZ-in--Xmbn Aen(-d) ]d-bp-p.(A-lva-Zv Xpap-Zn). asm-cn- dkq(-kz) ]d-p: hfsc thK-n Imcy--sfmw \nhln--Ww. Hcp apkvenans arX-tZlwXs IpSpw-_-n-S-bn shv Xma-kn-n-p-Xv Xosc `qj-W-a-(A-_qZm-hq-Zv).


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anvIpfnn

Hcp apkvenw ac-WaSm B an-ns\ Ipfn-n--Ww.Hpw Ime-Xm-akw hcp-msX Ign-bp-Xpw thKw Ipfn-n-p-Ibpw XpS Ia- \nhln-p-Ibpw sNt--Xm-Wv.Fm c-km-n-Isf Ipfn-n-p-I-tbm Ahpthn \a-kvI-cn-p-Itbm sNt--Xn-. cw ]pc hkv-{X-n XsAhsc Iz_-d-S-t--Xm-Wv. Iznbm-av \mfn Ah ]p\-sc-gp-t]n--s-Sp-tm Ah-cpsS apdn-m-Sp-I-fn \nv cw Hgp-In-sm-n-cn-pw. AXns \ndw c-hWw Xs-bm-bn-cn-pw.

]s AXns hmk\ kpK-apXm-bn-cn-pw. (H-n-e-[nIw\_n-h-N-\--fn \ap-nXv ImWmw).

Ipfn-n-t--Xv Bcv?

]pcp-js\ ]pcp-j\pw kv{Xosb kv{Xobp-amWv Ipfn-n-t--Xv. Fm `mcym-`m-mv At\ym\yw Ipfn-n-m-hp--Xm-Wv. BC-i-(-d)]d-bpp: _Izo-C Hcp arX-tZlw kwkvI-cn--tijw dkq(-kz) Xncn-s-n. Rm Xe-th-Z\ A\p-`-h-s-v,lm Fs Xe! Fv ]d-p-sIm-n-cn-p-I-bm-bn-cp-p. Atm\_n(-kz)-]-d-p: Fsbpw Xe thZ-\n-p-p. Fs apv \oacn-m Rm Xs \ns Ipfn-n-p-Ibpw I^ sNp-Ibpw\n\v thn \a-kvI-cn-p-Ibpw \ns ad-am-Sp-Ibpw sNbvXm\n\-smcp tZmjhpw hcm-\n- (A-lvaZv, C_v\p-am-P). BC-i(-d)]d-bp-p: F\np ]noSv a\-n-em-bXv t\cs Adn-bp-am-bn-cp-s-n \_nsb(-kz) Ahn-Sps `mcy-am-c-msX Ipfn-n-p-am-bn-cp-n- (C-_v\p-am-P). A_q-_-Ivdns\(-d) Ipfn-n-Xv At-l-ns `mcybpw {]hm-NI ]p{Xn ^mXzn-asb(-d) Ipfn-n-Xv`mhv Aen(d)-bp-am-bn-cp-p. (ss\-ep HuXzm 4:24). Ipfn-n--en\v t\XrXzw \tI-Xv AXn\v Ign-hp--hcpw AXns


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acym-Z-I-sfmw Adn-bp--hcpw an-n-t\mSv Ghpw ASp--h-cp-am-Wv. Aen(-d) ]d-bp-p: \_nsb(-kz) Rm Ipfn-n-p. Rm

At-ls t\mn. an-n ImWp--sXmpw B Xncp-tZ-l-n In-. Atlw Pohn-X-nepw ac-W-nepw ]cn-ip--\m-bn-cp -p. (C-_v\p-am-P). \_n(-kz) Acp-fn -b-Xmbn BC-i(-d){]kvXm-hn -p-p. an-ns Ghpw ASp BfmWv AXv\nhln-t--Xv. Abm-dn-bp-sa-n, Cs-n \n-fnkqva-Xbpw hniz-kvX-X-bp-ap Bfm-bn-cn--Ww(-A-lva-Zv). CuImcyw th-Xp-t]mse \psS kap-Zmbw {in-m-dn-. kzwD-bp-sSbpw D-bp-sSbpw arX-tZlw ap--hsc Ipfn-n-m-t\-

ev]nv am\y-m-cmbn amdn-\np- kz`m-h-amWv ImWm-dp--Xv.anv Ipfn-n-p--h an-ns cl-ky- ad-p-sh-p-Ibpw A\n-jvS-I-c-amb hXpw Im ap--h-tcmSv ]d-bm-Xn-cn-p-Ibpw thWw. Bsc-nepw Hcp apkvenans\ Ipfn-n-p-IbpwAhs cl-ky- ad-p-sh-p-Ibpw sNbvXm Ahs ]m]- Amlp \mev]Xv {]mhiyw s]mdpp sImSp-p--XmWv(lm-nw).

Ipfn-n-t cq]w

]ecpw [cn-n-p-Xv t]mse A{Xsbmpw {]bm-k-ap HcpImcy-a anv Ipfn-n-. hniz-kvX-Xbpw kqva-Xm-t_m-[-hp-ap GsXm-cmpw CXv sNm-hp--Xm-Wv. CXv Fm-hpw\nhln-m ]m Ftm Hcp `mcn Imcy-am-sWv [cnv\nnX Bmsc am{Xw Gev]n-p kz`mhw ]e-bn-S-p-ap-v.AXpsImv Xs Abm-fpsS kuI-cyhpw apw ]cn -K -WnvP\mk kwkvI-cWw sshIm-dp-v. P\m-_-p-Im-cm-bmepw EXp-a-Xn-I-fm-bmepw tZl-am-k-Iew hrn-bm-Ip cq]-n-ep Hcp

Ipfn am{Xta \n_--ap-q. Ipfn-n-p-t-Sv Bh-iy-ap--ham{Xta \nm ]mSp-q. Ipfn -n -p-tmgpw an-n-s\t\cnb hkv{X-anv aqtS--Xm-Wv. \_nsb(-kz) At-l-nshkv{X-n Xs-bm-bn-cpp Ipfn-n-n-cp--Xv(A-_qZm-hq-Zv).hkv{X-n\v Xmsg ssIbn-p-thWw Bh-iy-amb e- Igp-Im. sNfnbpw apw sXdn-m-Xn-cn-m an-ns\ In-en InS-p--XmWv \Xv. Ipfn-ap-dn-bn-em-bm kuI-cy-am-bn. ]noSv an-ns\ Xmn-bn-cpn hb-v XShn amen-\y- ]pdpIf-

b-Ww. ASpv \np--h sh-sam-gnv DS-s\-s AXvipn-bm--Ww. I^ sNp-tm amen-\y- ]pdv hcm-Xn-cn-m thn-bm-Wn-Xv. tijw CS-Xp-ssI-bn XpWn-Npn an-


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ns Kply-m-\--sfmw ipNn-bm--Ww. XpSv ]qWcq]-n Hcp hpZzp FSpv sImSp-p-I. aI ssk\-_sb(-d)

Ipfn-n-p kv{X-oItfmSv \_n(kz) ]d-p: Ah-fpsS hpZp-hns m\-fpw he-Xp-`m-K-fpw sImv \n-fm-cw-`n -p-I(_p-Jmcn, apkvenw). CXv hpZzp FSp-m-\p Iev]-\-b-spwIpfn-n- Bcw-`n-tXv hpZzp-hns Ah-b-h- Igp-In-sIm-m-bn-cn-Ws-apamsWv A`n-{]m-b-s ]WvUn-Xm-cp-ap-v.

{in-t Imcy-

Ipfn-n-p-tm Xmsg ]d-bp Imcy- {]tXyIw {in-t--Xm-Wv. 1. Ipfn-n-p--h-cpsS A`n-{]m-b-a-\p-k-cnv aqtmAXn-e-[n-Itam {]mhiyw sh-sam-gnv Igp-Ip-I. 2. aqn-e-[nIwF{X-bm-bmepw H-bmbn Ah-km-\n-n-p-I. 3. sh-ns IqsSXmfntbm tkmtm ap hkvXp-tfm D]-tbm-Kn-p-I. 4. Ah-km-\s Igp-I-en kpK-{Z-hy- D]-tbm-Kn-p-I. Iq-c-amWvD-aw. 5. saSn apSn sI-gn-p-Ibpw hrn-bmbn Igp-Ip-Ibpw sNp-I. 6. apSnbpw XmSnbpw \mbn NoIn-sh-p-I. 7.kv{XoI-fpsS apSn NoIn aqv `mK-ambn saSv ]ntmv Xmgvn-

bn-Sp-I. 8. Ipfn-n--ens XpSw an-ns he-Xp-`m-Kv\nm-bn-cn-p-I. {]kvXpX Imcy--sfmw Xs hni-Z-am-pHcp kw`hw Dp-A-Xzn--bn \np--cn--s-n-p-v. {]hm-N-I-]p{Xn ssk\-_v(-d) acn--tm Atlw R-fpsS ASp-hp. Ahsf aqtm Atm Gtgm AXn-e-[n-Itam {]mhiywIpfn-n-p-I; thW-sa-psn. Rm tNmZn-p: H-bm-bn-mtWm? AtX-sbv \_n(-kz) adp -]Sn ]d-p. Ah-km\wAXn Iq-c-w D-]-tbm-Kn--Ww. AXv Ign-m \n-sfs

hnfn-q. Ign--tm R hnfnp. Atm-g-tlw Hcp XpWnXp-sImv ]d-p: CXp sIm-hsf DSp-n-p-I. DpAXzn]d-bp-p: R-f-h-fpsS apSn sI-gnv hrn-bmbn Igp-In.aq[mhpw Xmgv-`m-K-hp-samw aqv`mK-amn ]ntmv saS-n-p.\_n(-kz) R-tfmSv ]d-p. Ah-fpsS he-Xp-`m-K- sImpwhpZzq -Cs Ah-b-h- sImpw Bcw-`n -p-I. (_p-Jm-cn,apkvenw). Ipfn-n- Ignv I^]p-Sh AWn-bn-p--Xn\papmbn h amen-\y-fpw ]pd-p-h-m hopw Ipfn-n-tWm

hpZzq aXntbm F-Xn-sems ]WvUnXmn-S-bn A`n-{]m-b-hy-Xym-k-ap-v. Fmw Ignv t\cnb appsImv shw ico-c-n \nv Hn-sb-Sp--Ww. an-ns \Jw apdn-p-Itbm


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apSnbpw XmSn-bp-sams shn--f-bp-Itbm sN-cp-sX-mWv `qcn-]w ]WvUXm-cpsSbpw A`n-{]m-bw. Fm C_v\p-lkw-(-

d) AX-\p-h-Zn-n-p-v. (^nIzvlpp-). anv Ipfn-n-p--han-n-s\-n \Xv am{Xta ]d-bm-hq. A\n-jvS-I-c-amb hXpwIm AXv adp]nSn-m {]tXyIw {in--Ww. hnizm-kn-bpsS cl-ky- kqn-p-Ibpw ad-p-sh-p-Ibpw sNp--hs cl-ky- Cl-nepw ]c-nepw Amlp kqn-p-sav \_n(-kz) ]d-n-p-v(ap-kvenw). anv kwkvI-cW ]cn-]m -Sn -I-fn ]s-Sp -p--h `uXnI t\-tfm an -ns_p--fpsS \n-hmtm atm {]Xo-n--cp-Xv. XnI Dt-iy-

ip-n-bp-s-nte ]S--hs ] \nv CXn-s\mw ]pWyw e`n-p-I-bp-q. \_n(kz) ]d-bp-p: Bsc-nepw ]c-tem-I-t-p Hcp {]h\w Zp\n-bm-hn\v thn sNbvXm Ahv ]c-tem-I-smpw e`n-p-I-bn- (A-lva-Zv).

Ipfn-n--h Ipfn-

anv Ipfn-n--h Ipfn-pXpw Npap sImv t]mIp--h hpZzp FSp-p-Xpw kp-m-Wv. \_n(-kz) ]d-bp-p:anv Ipfn-n--h Ipfn--s. Npa--h hpZzpshSp-p-Ibpw

sN-s. (A-_qZm-hq-Zv). Cu lZo-kn\v Zp_-eX Btcm-]n-n-p-s-nepw CXns Nne ]c--c-I apkvenans \n_--\-b-\p-k-cnvkzlo-lm-sWv kp{]-kn lZokv ]WvUnX-\mb \mkzn-dp-oA_m\n A`n-{]m-b-s-Sp-p. (A-lvIm-aq P\m-C-kv. t]Pv,53)Cu Iev]\ kpv am{X-ta-bp-qshv C_v\pDa-dns(-d)dntmn \np hy-am-Wv. R anv Ipfn-n-m R-fn Ipfn-p--hcpw Cm--hcpw Dm-Im-dp-v. (Zm-dq-JpXzv\n).


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I^ sNan-ns tZl-am-k-Iew ad-bp Hcp hkv{Xw sImv

I^ sNt--Xm-Wv (s]m-Xn-tb--Xm-Wv). DlvZv bp-n apkzv-A_v_v\p Dssa(-d) sIme-sN--s--tm At-ls I^sNm Hcp hkv{Xw am{Xta Dm-bn-cp -pq. Xe ad-mIma-d-bm-, Im ad-m Xe-a-d-bm Hcp hkv{Xw am{Xw.Atm \_n(kz), Xe- a-d-bvm\pw Imen CZvJ ]pn-Sm\pwIev]n-p-I-bmbn-cpp. (_p-Jm-cn). Pohn-X-Im-ev [cn-mA\p-h-Zn hkv{Xw am{Xta Chn-sSbpw A\p-h-Zn--s-n-p-q.

ln\v Clvdmw sInb hyn acn -m At-ls [cnhkv{X-n Xs I^ sNt--Xm-Wv. Xe ad-bvp-ItbmkpK--ap-]-tbm-Kn-p-Itbm sN-cp-Xv. C_v\pAm-kn\n-v(-d) D-cn-p Hcp lZokv ImWp-I. ln\v Clvdmw sInb Hcpa\p-jy Ad-^-bn \np-tm Xs hml-\-p-dp \nvXmsg-hoWv acn-p. Atm \_n(-kz) \ntZin-p. shhpwXmfn-bp-ap-]-tbm-Knv At-ls Ipfn-n-p-I. At-l-nscp-h-kv{X-n Xs I^ sNp-I. kpK--ap-]-tbm-Kn-p-

Itbm Xe ad-bvp-Itbm sN-cp-Xv. At-ls Am-lp- Izn-bm-av \mfn X_n-bv sNp--h-\mbn Dbns-gptev]np--Xm-Wv. (_p-Jm-cn, apkvenw). Ckvem-an\p thn c-km-nXzwhcn--hsc Ah-cpsS hkv{X-n Xs I^sNbvXv Iz_vd-S-t--Xm-Wv. Fm DlvZv bp-n c-km-nXzw hcnaqkzvA_p_v\p Dssadns(-d) Imcy-n sNbvX-Xp-t]mse AXn-\p-aosX asmcp hkv{Xw sImv s]mXn-bp--Xp-sImv hntcm-[-sam-p-an-. hfsc apn-bXpw XmW-Xp-a-m anXamb \ne-bn-

ep hkv{X-amWv D-aw. hrn-bp Hcp hkv{Xw-sImv tZl-am-k-Iew s]mXn-bpI am{Xta \n_--ap-q. \_nbn\nv(-kz)-Aen(-d) D-cn-p-p. I^]p-Sh \n hfsc hne-]n-Sn--Xm-


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-cp -Xv. ImcWw AXv thK-n {Zhn -p -t]m-Im -\p --Xm-Wv(A_qZm-hq-Zv). AXv sh-bm-bn-cn-p--Xm-Wv Daw \_n(-

kz) ]d-p: \n-fpsS hkv{X--fn \nv \n shhkv{Xw [cn-p-I. AXmWv hkv{X--fn D-a-am-b-Xv. \n-fn \nv acn-p--hsc AXn I^ sNbvXp-sIm-p-I. (A-lvaZv). ]g-b-Xp-s-n Aen AXn I^ sNp-I-bmWvth-Xv. A_p-_-Iv(-d) tcmKn-bmbn InS-p-tm Atlw ]gbhkv{Xw Aen AXn Xs I^ sNm \ntZ-in-p-I-bp-mbn. CXv ]g-b-XmWtm Fv ]p{Xn BC-i(d) tNmZn-tmAtlw adp-]Sn ]d-p: Pohn-n-cn-p--h-cmWv acn--h-scm

]pXnb hkv{X-n\v Al-cm-b-h. ImcWw CXv Agpv ]pc-fm-\p--Xm-Wv.(-_p-Jm-cn) arX-tZ-l-n\pw I^]p-S-hpw kqK--ap-]-tbm-Kn-p-Xv kp-m-Wv. \_n(kz) ]d-bp-p: arX-tZ-l-n\v \n kpKw ]pI-n-p--Xm-bm aqp {]mhiyw]pI-n-p-I. (A-lva-Zv) aqv hkv{X- I^ sNp--XmWvAXns ]qW-cq-]w. BC-i(-d) {]kvXm-hn-p-p. shfp-,hrn-bp-, ba-\n \nan--s ]pXnb aqv hkv{X--fn-emWvdkq(-kz) I^ sNbvX-Xv. AXn Ipm-btam Xe-mthm

Dm-bn-cp-n-. AXn Atlw \\ne-bn s]mXn-b-s-p.(_p-Jm-cn, apkvenw). an-ns Iv, aqv, sNhn, hmb apX-emb apgp-h Zzmc-fnepw kpPq-Zns Ah-b-h--fnepw hnc-ep-In-S -bn -ep -sams ]cp -n -sh-p Hcp kz`m -h -apv.Fm CXnv sXfn-shm-p-an-. kv{XoIsf Av hkv{X-n-emWv I^ sNt--Xv. Cu hnj-b-I-ambn h dntmn-Xm-Wv.sseem-_nXv Jm\n-^n--Jv^n-(d) {]kvXm-hn-p-p. {]hm-N-I-]p{Xn Dp-Ipkqans\(-d)Ipfn-n Iq-n Rm\p-ap-m-bn-

cp-p. dkq (kz) BZyw Rv Ac-bp-Sppw ]ns Ipm-bhpw ]ns apJ-a --\bpw ]ns Hcp ]pXpw \In.AXn\ptijw asmcp hkv{X-n s]mXn -b-s-Sp -IbpwsNbvXp.Ah XpSp ]d-p. dkq(-kz) hmXn Ah-cpsS I^]p-S-h-bp-ambn \np-p-m-bn-cp-p. Hmtcm hkv{X--fmbn Rv \In-sm-n-cp-p(A-lvaZv,- A_q-Zm-hq-Zv).Cudn-tmn\v Nne \yq\-X-I-fp-s-nepw C_v\q-ln-m CXvkzoIm-cy-tbm-Ky-am-sWv A`n-{]m-b-s-n-p-v. (ss\-eq HuXm

4:34) CtX hnj-b-n Dp-A-Xzn-bn \nv(d) asmcp dntmp-v. AXns ]c-c kzlo-lm-sWv C_v\p-l-P (d) A`n-{]m-b-s-Sp-p. IqSm-sX, ASn-h-kv{X-n\v Xmsg-bmbn XpS-tbmSv tNv


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\np--XmWv Am-as hkv{X-sa lks(-d) A`n-{]mbwD-cn-p-p-v.

apJ-s-gpvapJ-s-gp-s Hc-\m-Nmcw ]e-bn-S--fnepw \S-p-Xv

ImWmw. ZpB-Ifpw ]Zy-fpw FgpXn I^Xp-Wn-bn shvIz_vdn shp--Xn-\mWv apJ-s-gp-sv km[m-cW ]d-bm-dp--Xv. Ccw Hcp Ia-n\v Ckvem-an bmsXmcp sXfn-hp-an-. acn a\p-jy\v \n`-bXzw e`n-m\pw ap-amWv CsX-gp-Xn-sh-p-sXv ]d-b-s-Spp. CXv {]hm-N-I Hcn-epw ]Tn-n-n-n-. AXpsImv Xs apkvenw-I-Xv A-\p-tbm-Py-hp-a-. Nne

{]tXy-I-Xcw ZpB-I FgpXn Ipn-bn `{Z-ambn ASv I^Xp-Wn-bntem Iz_m-dntem shp-p. AXpsImv ae-p-I-fpsStNmZy-n \npw Iz_vdnse in-bn \npw tamN\w e`n-p-sa-mWv hnizmkw. Ccw ]e ZpB-Ifpw B[n-Im-cn-Ia-m^nIzvlv InXm-_p-I-fn D-cn--s-n-p-v. AXn-s\mpw aX-n bmsXm-c-Sn-m-\-hp-an-. Izq-B-\nepw kp-nepw \ntZ-in-m Hcp -Imcyw \-Xm-sW cq]-n {]hn-mAmlp \apv A\p-hmZw Xn-n -. \_n(kz) ]d-bp -p.

\psS Cu aX-Im-cy-n, AXn-en-m-Xv Bsc-nepw ]pXp-Xmbn Dm-n-bm AXv X-s-tS--Xm-Wv. (_p-Jm-cn, apkvenw)


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P\mk sImpt]mIac-W-s hyn C\n Hcn-epw Xncn-p-h-cm cq]-n

Fs-t-p-ambn bm{X-bm-hp-I-bm-Wv. AXn-\m At-lsDNn-X-amb cq]-n bm{X-b-b-m thn-bmWv D-hcpw DS-b-hcpw _p-an-{Xm-Zn-I-fp-samw Hcp-an-p-Iq-Sp--Xv. Ghpw DNn-X-amb cq]-n bm{X-b-b-p-I-sb-p--Xm-Wv \ap--v sNmIgn-bp tkh-\w. km[mcW bm{X-I-fn t]mepw IqsS-tm-Ip-Xv kp-m-Wv. Ay-bm-{X-bn bm{X-b-b-m IqsS t]mIp-Xv apkven-ans IS-a-bm-bn-mWv dkq(-kz) ]Tn-n-n-p--Xv. Hcp

apkven asmcp apkvenan-t\mSv \nh-ln-t _m[y-X-I hnh-cn Iq-n ]Tn-n-XmWv. Ahs P\m-ksb A\p-K-an-pIFXv(_pJm-cn) asm -cn - dkq(-kz) ]d-p: \ntcmKnsb kin-p-I, P\m-ksb A\p-K-an -p-I. AXv\nv ]c-tem-I-t_m-[-ap-m-pw.(C-_v\p-ln-m) P\m-ksbA\p-K-an-p--Xn\v al-mb {]Xn-^-e-amWv hmKvZm\w sNbvXn-p-Xv. cv cq]-n-ep A\p-K-a\w ]Tn-n--s-n-cn-p-p. Hvhon \nv \a-kvImcw hsc-bpw, cv hon \nv ad-am-Sp-Xv

hsc-bpw. CXn cm-aXp ]d--XnmWv IqSp-X ]pWyhpw{]Xn-^e-hpw hmKvZm\w sN-s-n-p--Xv. A_q-lq-d-bvdbn\nv(-d)- _pJm-cnbpw apw D-cn-p-p: ""]pWyw {]Xo-n-p-sImv\a-kvI-cn -p-Xvhsc Bsc-nepw P\m-ksb A\p-K-an -mAh\v Hcp IzodmXz Iqen-bp-v. ad-am-Sp-Xv hsc ]s-Sp-mAh\v cp Izodm-Xp-I-fp-ap-v. Atm dkq-en-t\mSv tNmZn-p:FmWv cv Izodm-Xp-I? Atlw {]Xn-h-Nn-p: ""cv henbae-bpsS A{X-bm-Wv.'' C_v\p-D-a(-d) \a-kvI-cn-p-Ibpw ]ncn-bp-

I-bp-amWv sNbvXn-cp-Xv. Cu {]Xn-^-e-s-n A_q-lp-d-bvd-bn \nv tI-Xp-ap-X P\m-ksb A\p-K-an-p--Xn Atlwhenb ipjvImn ImWn-n-cp-p. Atlw ]d-bp-I-bm-Wv: \mw


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[mcmfw Izodm-Xp-I \jvS-s-Sp-n-btm.(^-Xvlp_m-cn) P\mkIgn -bpw -th-K-n sImp-t]mbn ad-am -tS -m-Wv. AXmWv

dkqens(kz) amXr-I. dkq (kz) ]d-bp-I-bp-m-bn: ]pWy-hm-\m-sW-n At-l-n\v Xs {]Xn-^ew thK-n A\p-`-hn-m-\p kuIcyw e`n-p-p. ]m]n-bm-sW-n Ahs `mcw\psS Npa-en \nv Hgn -hm -p--Xp -am -sWv (_p-Jm-cn,apkvenw). P\m-k-sb A\p-K-an-p--hv AXns apnepw]nnepw heXpw CS-Xp-samw \S-m-hp--Xm-Wv. Fm hml-\-n bm{X-sN-p--h ]nn am{Xta A\p-K-an-m-hp \_n(-kz) ]d-bp-p: hml-\-m-c P\m-k-bpsS ]nn-epw, \S-p-h

Ah-\p-t-in-p `mKpw \S-m-hp--Xm-Wv(A-_qZm-hq-Zv).]s t{ijvS-X \S--em-Wv. \_n(kz) km[m-cW sNbvXn-cp-XvAs\-bm-bn -cp -p. am{X-a. hml-\-n Ib-dp --Xn\vBtlw hnk-Xn -p-I-bp -m-bn -p -v.(A-_q-Zm -hq -Z v)\_nbpw(kz) A_q-_-Ivdpw(d) Dadpw(-d) P\m-kbpsS apnepw]nnepw \S-m-dp-m-bn-cp-p.(Xz-lm-hn) Fm \n A\p-K-anpI F Iev]-\-bpsS ASn-m-\-n ]npS-cp--XmWvD-a-sav ]WvUn-X-m A`n-{]m-b-s-Sp-p. k-v{XoI P\m-

ksb A\p-K-an-p--Xns\ {]hm-N-I \ncp-m-l-s-Sp-p-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. dkq(kz) R-tfmSv P\m-ksb A\p-K-an-p-Xv hne-n-bn-cp-p. ]s, B hnev Ii-\-am-bn-cp-n- FvDpAXzn-bn\nv(-d)- _pJmcn dntmv sNp-p. P\m-ksbNpa-en-ten sImp-t]m-Ip cq]-amWv dntmv sN-s-n-p--Xv. Bh-iym-\p-k-cWw Bfp-I tNv Npa-p-sImv t]mtI--XmWv(_pJm-cn). Av ]menv Cu cwK-p-\nv amdn-\np-Xv \-Xsv am{X-a-, Npa-p-sXm-gn-em-fn-I-sfbpw apw Gev]n-

p-Xv Gsd tJZ-I-c-hpam-Wv.P\m-k-bpsS IqsS hntcm-[n--s-Xv

P\m-ksb A\p-K-an-p--h Nne {]tXyI Imcy- {in-t--Xp-v. aX-a-\p-h-Zn-n- n -m Hcp Imcyhpw \mw AhnsSsN-cp-Xv. i_vZ-ap-m-p-Xpw Xo IqsS sImpt]mIp-Xpw\_n(-kz) Ii-\-ambn hne-n-bn-p-v. Ahn-Sp ]d-p: P\m-k-bpsS IqsS i_vZhpw Xobpw sImv \n ]np-S -ccp -Xv.(A_q-Zm-hq-Zv) CsXmw Pmln-enm Imes k{-Zm-b--fm-bn-

cp-p. P\m-ksb A\p-K-an-p--h\v ]c-temI t_m[-ap-m-Ip-sav dkq(-kz) ]Tn-n-p. Cu XXz-tm-S-\p-tbm-Py-ambXv au\-ambn AXns\ A\p-K-an--em-Wv. ]cn-]qW \n_vZ-X-bmWv Cu


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L-n Bh-iyw. Fm ]e-bn-Spw Cu Iev]-\-s-Xn -cm-bmWv {]hn-pImWp-Xv. im-Kw-`o-c-am-bn-cn-t cwKv

shSn-]-d-nepw Gj-Wn-bp-samw \ncm-t]w \S-p-p. AcwA\m-hiy kwkm-c- Hgn -hm -m-s\ \ymtb\ XlveosNmp Hcp A\m-Nmcw \psS \mn \S-p-v. Hcp sXns\asmcp sXp-sImv Xncp -m km[y-a--tm. im^nCu a-Zvl_n t]mepw an-ns IqsS D-n ZnIvdv sNmp-Xvhntcm-[n -n -p -v. AXnse B[n-Im-cnI ]WvUn-X-\mb Camw\hhn(d) ]d-bp-Xv t\mpI. Adn-bpI! icnbpw {]_-ehpw]qhn-I A\p-hn-Xpw anns IqsS t]mIp-tm anm-

Xn-cn--em-Wv. Izp-B ]mcm-bWw sImtm ZnIvdv sImtm atmi_vZ-ap-bm ]mSp--X-. AXn AS-n-bn-cn-p s]mcpFs--s. P\m-k-tbmSv _-s Imcy --fn NnsbHXpn\nm\pw a\-n\v imn e`n-m\pw AXmWv \-Xv. Cuk`-n AXm-Wtm Bh-iyw. CXmWv kXyw. CXn-s-Xncv{]hn-p--h-cpsS B[nIyw \ns hn-m-Xn-cn--s. (A-A-ZvIm t]Pv: 203) im^nCu aZvl-_nse B[n-Im-cnI {K--fn-semw Xs Cu Imcyw hy-am-n-bn-p-v. ]s im^nCu

aZv-l-_pIm-cm-sWv ]d-bp ]WvUn-X-m-cpsS AI--Sn-tbmSpwA\p-a-Xn-tbmSpw IqSnbmWv CsXmw \S-m-dp--sX-Xv hfscZpxJ-I-c-am-Wv. an-ns IqsS t]mIp-tm Izp-B ]mcm-b-Whpw ZnIvdpw t]mse-s kzemv sNmpXpw shdp--s Imcy-am-bmWv im^nCu aZv-l-_nse {K--fn (Izbq_n1,37, Xplv^ 3:87 aln 1:347) Xs hy-am-p--Xv. P\m-k-bpsSIqsS t]mIp--h AXv Xmsg Cdnshp--Xn\p apmbn Ccn-p-Xv \_n(-kz) hntcm-[n-n-pv (_p-Jm-cn, apkvenw) au\w

`RvPn-p--Xn\v Imc-W-am-Ip _l-f--sfm-p-apmmsXam\y-amb cq]-n AXv Xmsg shv ad-am-Sm th klm-b--sfmw sNp-I-bmWv th-Xv.

P\m-k-Im-Wp-tm Fgp-t

P\mk sImp-t]m-Ip -Xv ImWp-tm Fgp-tp\n kp-ptm F Imcy-n ]WvUnXmn-S-bnA`n-{]mb`nX \ne-\np-p. Fgp-tp \n kp-p-sv ]d-bp--h-\p-Iq-e-amb dntmp-I ImWp-I: \n

P\mk ImWp-tm AXv \n-fn \nv Ignp t]mhp-ItbmCd-n-sh--s-Sp-Itbm sNpXv hsc Fgp-tp \nev-Ww.(_p-Jm-cn, apkvenw) Aap-kvenan-t-Xm-bmepw Fgp-tv \nt-


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-Xm-Wv. Hcp PqXs P\mk IS-p-t]m-b-tm \_n(-kz) Fgp-t-p-\n-p. DSs\ kzlm-_n-Ifpw As\ sNbvXp. A\-cw

AsXmcp PqX-t-Xm-Wtm Fv Btcm ]d--tm, PqX\pwa\p -jy-\-t-sbv \_n( -kz) {]Xyp -cw \In (_-pJm-cn,apkvenw). `uXnI Pohn-X-ns An-a-L--amb ac-W-n-Xn- I-npw AXn-s\-p-dnv Nnn-m-sX, A{i--\m-bn-cn--cp-sX-mWv{]hm-NI Iev]-\-bpsS s]mcp-sfv a\-n-em-mw. Fm, Aen-bn\nv(-d) Camw AlvaZv(-d) D-cn-p-p: \_n(-kz) R-tfmSvP\mk ImWp-tm Fgp-tm Iev]n-p. ]noSv AtlwCcn-p-Ibpw R-tfmSv Ccn-m Iev]n-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. Cu

Bi-b-n Xs thsdbpw dntmp-I-fp-v. AXn-\m ]e]WvUn-X-mcpw Fgp-tm-\p Iev]\ Zp_-e-s-Sp-n-bn-p-sv A n-{]m-b-s-Sp-p. B[p-\nI ]WvUn-X-\mb A_m\nZp_-e-s-Sp-n-sb ]-m-Wv. apI-fn-ep--cn dntmn\p]pdsa ap Nne dntmp-Ifpw Atlw CXn\v sXfn-hmbn Dcn-p-pv. (A-lvIm-apP\m-Ckv, t]:78)

Ccp-w A\p-h-Z-\o-b-am-sWv ]Tn-n-m thn-bmWv\_n(kz) As\ sNbvXsXv ap- Nn-e A`n-{]m-b-s-Sp-p

(ss\-ep HuXzm 4:66). ]no-S-tlw Ccn-p-I-bp-mbn (A-lvaZv)F Aen-bpsS {]kvXm-h-ns Dtiyw anv IS-p-t]m-b-tijw \_n(-kz) Ccpp Fm-Im\pw km[y-X-bp-v. Am-lp-hn--dn-bmw.


49/73


anv\akvImcwac-W-s--hmbn Pohn-n-cn-p--hv sNm Ign-bp

AXn-a-l-mb Hcp Ia-amWv anv \a-kvIm-cw. Cu \a-kvImcw^Zzv In^mbbmsW Imcy-n ^nIzvlv ]WvUn-X-m GIm-`n-{]m-b-m-cm-Wv. IS-_m-[y-X-bp hynv \a-kvI-cn-msX\n-fpsS kplr-n\v \n\-a-kvI-cn-p-I Fp Iev]npsImv {]hm-N-I amdn-\nXv Cu Imcyw kv]jvS-am-p-p.hfsc {]m[m-\y-aln-p Hcp al-ZvIa-am-Wn-sXv ]d-tb--Xn-. ]t ]e apkvenw ktlm-Z-c-fpw CXv Aln-p Kuc-

h-tmsS ]cn-K-Wn-n- n-s-Xv Hcp kXy-am-Wv. {]mY-\-bm-Wtm]c-a-{]-[m-\-amb CXnse LSIw an-v \a-kvIm-c-n-eq-sS-bp\psS {]mY\ Amlp kzoI-cn-m \psS ktlm-Z-c\v AhsNbvX ]m]- s]mdpv hnp-hogvN sNbvXpsImSp-t-mw.AXpsImv d-kq(kz)-]-d-p: \na-nv \a-kvI-cn-mAt-l-n\v \njvI-f--ambn {]mYn-p-I. (A-_qZm-hq-Zv)

ckmnp thnbp \akvImcw

Ckvem-an c-km-nXzw hcn--hv thn \a-kvI-cn-t--Xn FmWv {]_-e-amb A`n-{]m-bw. \_n(-kz) DlvZv bp-n c-km-n-I-fm-b-hv \a-kvI-cn-n-n-s--Xn\v Hn-e-[nIw {]_-e-amb lZo-kp-I dntmv sN-s-Sp-p. AXp-t]mse \a-kvI-cn--Xmbpw {]_e dntmp-I ImWmw. ]t,CXv {]kvXpX lZo-kn Xs kqNn-n-p-Xv t]mse Fp-hjwIgn--Xn-\p-ti-j-amWv \S-p--Xv. AXp tIhew {]mY\ am{X-am-bn-cpp-shpw A`n-{]m-b-ap-v. AX-, Cu \a-kvImcw Pohn-

n-cn-p--h-tcmSpw acn--h-tcm-Sp-ap \_nbpsS(-kz) Hcp bm{X]d-b t]mse-bm-bn-cptm Fpw lZokv ]Z-L-S\ kwibw P\n-n-p-p.


50/73


\a-kvIm-cm-\-cw \_n(-kz) an-dn Ibdn {]kw-Kn-p-IbpwXs Ay-Lw hs-n-b-Xns\ kw_-nv AXn kqNn-n-

p-I-bp-ap-m-bn. AXn\ptijw \_n(-kz) IqSp-X Imew Pohn-n-cp-npan-. Cu ASn-m-\-n AXv {]hm-N-Is {]tXy-IXam{X-am-bn-cp-p-shpw s]mXp-hmb Hcp \nb-a-am-bn-cp-n-spwa\-n-em-m-hp--Xm-Wv. am{X-a-, DlvZv Am ap ]e bp--fp-m-bnpw AXn-sempw \a-kvI-cn--Xmbn dntmp-I-fn--Xm-\pw. (ss\-ep HuXzm) C_v\plkw(-d) \a-kvI-cn-p-Itbm \a-kvI-cn-m-Xn-cn-p-Itbm sNmw FmWv A`n-{]m-b-s-n-p--Xv.C_v\pIznw( -d) CtX A`n-{]mbw Xs {]I-Sn-n-n-p-v. Camwim-

^o-Cu(-d) \a-kvI-cn-t--Xn- F ]-m-Wv. ImcWw ap ]ebp--fnepw \_n(-kz) \a-kvI-cn--Xmbn tcJ-bn-. CXv \_n(-kz)bpsS bm{X-]-d-b Bbn-cp-p-shv lZo-kn Xs hy-am-p-Ibpw sNbvXnpv. AXpsImv nc-s Hcp hn[n Zp_-e-s-Sp-m am{Xw Cu kw`hw sXfn-h FmWv Atlw ]d-bp-Xv(^nIzvlpp-) Npcp--n c-km-n-Ip-thn anv\akvIcntXnmsbv a\nemhpp. Cu hnjbIambn hlZokv anv Ipfn-n- F A[ym-b-n D-cn-n-p-v.

inip-v thn-bp \a-kvImcw{]mb-]qn-bm-hm Ipn-Iv anv \a-kvI-cn-m-hp-

-Xm-Wv. \_n(kz) ]d-bp-p: inip-v \a-kvI-cn-p-I-bpwAh-cpsS amXm-]n-Xm-v Imcp-Wy-n\pw ]m]-tam-N-\-n-\p-ambn {]mYn-p-Ibpw thWw (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv, \km-Cu). BC-i(d)]d-bp-p. Akzm-dp -I-fns Hcp Ipn acn --tm \_n-bpsS(kz) ASp- sImv hp. Atm Ahn-Spv AXn\vthn \a-kvI-cn-p. (ap-kvenw, \km-Cu). Fm, CXv Hcp

\n_ Iev]-\b-. ImcWw \_n(-kz) At-l-ns ]p{XC_vdmlow acn - -tm anv \a-kvI-cn -p -I -bp -m-bn.BCi(-d) ]d-bp-p. ]Xn-s\v amkw {]mb-am-bn-cns {]hm-NI]p{X C_vdmlnw acn-p-I-bp-m-bn. B Ipnv dkq(-kz)\a-kvI-cn-p-I-bp-m-bn-.(A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv). CXn \nv, {]mb-]qn-bm-hm Ipn-Iv \a-kvI-cn-p-I-tbm, \a-kvI-cn-m-Xn-cn-p-Itbm sNm-sav a\-n-em-mw. \a-kvI-cn-p-I-bm-sW-n B Ipn-I-fpsS amXm-]n-Xm-p thn {]mYn-p-I-

bmWv thXv.


51/73


Nm]n-v thn-bp \a-kvImcw

knIz-vXzv F Ad_n ]Z-n-\mWv \mw Nm]n--sbv ]d-bp-

-Xv. CXn\v \a-kvI-cn-m-hp--XmWv. \_n(-kz) ]d-bp-p: Nm]n-v \a-kvI-cn-p-Ibpw AXns amXm-]n-Xm-v Imcp-Wy-n\pw ]m]-tam -N-\-n\pw thn {]mYn -p-Ibpw thWw(A_q-Zm -hq -Z v , \km-Cu) CXpw apI-fn ]d-Xp t]mse\n_ Iev]-\-b-. Imc-Ww, Nm]n--b-m kzw ]p{X\vt]mepw \_n(kz) \a-kvI-cn-p-I-bp-m-bn-sv \mw Ip-h-tm.

Fm CXp Xs K`-n \mevamkw ]qn-bm-b-Xn-\p-tijw am{Xta th-Xp-p-shv ]fin-X-m A`n-{]m-b-s-Sp-p.

\mev amkw XnI-bp-tm-gmWv Bflmhv DuX-s-Sp--sXv \_n(-kz) ]d--XmWv CXn\v tcJ-bmbn Ah Nqn-mp-Xv(_pJm-cn). AXn-\m \mev amk-n\p apv {]k-hn Poh-\n-m amwk]n-WvU-n\v anv F {]tbmKw km[p-hm-Ip-I-bn-.

{]k-hn -p-tm Poh-\p --Xnt\ \a-kvI-cn -t--Xp -pshv Nne A`n-{]m-b-s-Sp-p. Ahp tcJ-bn-Xm-Wv.AIme ]nUw i_vZn-m AXn\v \a-kvI-cn-Ww. A\-c

kzv \evI-s-Sp-Ibpw sNpw. (Xpap-Zn) Fm CXns ]c-c Zp_-e-am-sW-mWv ]Un-Xm-`n-{]m-bw. Cu dntmnsk\Zv Zp_-e-am-sWv A_m-\nbpw ]d-bp-p. (A-lvIm-apP\m-Ckv t].81)

Fm, A\--cm-h-Imiw \evI-W-sav am{Xw h dntm-p-I kzoIm-cy-tbm-Ky-am-sWv Atlw A`n-{]m-b-s-n-p-v. Np-cp--n Nmn-v \a-kvI-cn-p--Xn\v hntcm-[-an-sv kmcw.

ad an-n\v thn-bp \a-kvImcw

A\y-\m-n adhv sN-s hynv anv \a-kvI-cn-p-Xns\ Camw im^n-Cu(-d)bpw AlvaZv(-d)bpw A\p-Iq-en-p-p.Camw amen-Ipw(-d) A_q-l-\o-^(-d)bpw {]XnIqep-p-p. A\p-Iq-en-p--h-cpsS sXfnhv \min cmPm-hn\v \_n(-kz) \S-nb \a-kvIm-c-am-Wv. Pm_n(-d) {]kvXm-hn-p-p. ""\_n(-kz) \mincmPm-hmb Akvl-a-ns t]cn P\mk \a-kvI-cn-p. AXn\mev XIv_o-dp-I DsIm-n-cp-p.'' \_n(kz) {]kvXm-hn-p.""Cv A_vko-\n-bm-bnse Hcp \ a\p-jy acn-n-cn-p-p. AXn-\m \n hcn-I. At-l-ns t]cn \a-kvI-cn-mw. A\--cw- \-_n(-kz) Rv Cam-ambn \np. R At-l-ns


52/73


]nn AWn-bmbn \nv \a-kvI-cn -p. (_p-Jm-cn, apkvenw)Fm AhnsS \a-kvI-cn-m Bcp-an-m--Xp-sIm-mWv \_n

(-kz) \a-kvI-cn--Xv. AXn-\m Acw ]cn-Xn-Xn-I-fn am{Xtaad an-n\v \a-kvI-cn-t--Xp-qshv Hcp kwLw ]fin-Xam A`n-{]m-b-s-Sp-p. C_v\pIznw(-d) Cu hnj-b-I-ambn]d--Xns kwn-]vX-cq]w Xmsg D-cn-mw.

Fm ad an-n\pw \a-kvI-cn-p-I-sb-Xv \_n(-kz)-bpsS ]Xn-hm-bn-cp-n-. \_bpsSn(-kz)- Imev ]ecpw A\y-tZ-iv acn-n-p-v. ]s, Ahsmpw Atlw \a-kvI-cn-n-n -. \_n( -kz) \m-inp \a-kvI-cnpshv kzlo-lmbn

dntmv sN-s-n-p-v. AXpsImv ]Un-Xam aqv cq]-n-ep A`n-{]m-b-amWv CXpkw_-nv {]I-Sn-n-n-p--Xv. (1)\m-in-bpsS t]cn-ep \a-kvImcw Fm ad an-n\pw \a-kvI-cn-m-\p amXr-Xbpw aX-\n-b-a-hp-am-Wv. Camw im^n-Cubpw(d) Alva-Zpw(-d) Cu A`n-{]-mb-m-cm-Wv. (2) CXv At-l-n\pam{Xw {]tXy-I-am-Wv. ap--hn-. CXmWv amen-Insbpw (d)A_q-l-\o-^-bpsS A`n-{]m-bw. (3) ssiJpq Ckvemw C_v\p-ssX-an--v asm-c-`n-{]m-b-am-Wp--Xv. acn \mn Bcpw \a-kvI-cn-

n-n-s-n Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS \mn shv acn \m-inv\_n(-k) \a-kvI-cn-Xp t]mse ap \mp-Im \a-kvI-cn--WwF-XmWv. \_n(-k) ad an-n\v \a-kvI-cn-p-Ibpw \a-kvI-cn -m-Xn -cn -p-Ibpw sNbvXn -p -v. At-l-ns{]h\hpw Hgn-hm-epw kap-Zm-b-n\v amXrI Xs-bm-Wv.CXv AXn s]Sp-p. (km-Zp aBZv 1,300)

Bcpw \a-kvI-cn-m-\n-m-sX, Ahn-izm-kn-I-fpsS CS-bn ac-W-s--hv am{Xta ad--cq-]-n \a-kvI-cn-t--Xp-q-

sh ]-mv A\p-Iq-e-amb Hcp `mKhpw lZo-kn-ep-v.\n-fpsS ktlm-Z-c \n-fp-sS-X-m \mn acn-n-cn-p-p.AXp-sImv hcn-I. At-l-ns t]cn \a-kvI-cn-mw Fm-W-Xv. AXp-t]m-se, k-cn-X-cmb Jeo-^-amv ad--cq-]-nBcpw \a-kvI-cn--Xmbn tcJ-bn-. As\ Bsc-nepw ad--cq-]-n Ahv \a-kvI-cn-n-cp-s-n hym]-I-ambn Adn-b-s-Sp-Ibpw sNp-am-bn-cp-p. ]t, As\ Fhn-sSbpw dntmp-I-fn-.

Iz_vdn--cnsI \a-kvI-cn-anv ad-am-Snb tijw Iz_v-dn--cnsI \a-kvI-cn- A\p-

h-Z-\o-b-am-Wv. ]n ASn-p-hm-cn-bn-cp Hcp kv{Xo acn--tm


53/73


cm{Xn Xs kzlm-_n-am Ahsc sImp-t]mbn ad-hp-sN-bvXp.\_n(-kz) Ah-sc-n At\z-jn--tm Iz_vd-S-nb hnh-c-amWv

Adn--Xv. Ft \n-sfs Adn-bn-m-Xn-cp--Xv Fv \_n(-kz) tNmZn--tm, Atlw Dd-p-I-bm-bn-cp-Xv sImv _pn-ap-n-m-Xn-cp--Xm-sWv Ah ]-d-p. DSs\ \_n(-kz) Ah-cpsSIz_v ImWnpXcp-hm Bh-iy-s-Sp-I-bpw, Ahscbpw IqnIz_vdn--cnsI shv \a-kvI-cn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp. (_p-Jm-cn)

Hcp amk-n\v tijw t]mepw \_n(-k) \a-kvI-cn kw`hwdntmv sN-s-n-p-v. kAvZns amXmhv \_n(-kz) e-n-m Ah-k-c-n acn-p. ]noSv \_n(-k) Xncn-s-n-b-tm

Ahp-thn \a-kvI-cn-p. AXv Hcp amkw Ign-m-bn-cp-p.(XnanZn).

\n Iz_vdn-\p-ta Ccn--cp-Xv. AXn-tev Xncnp \a-kvI-cn-p-Ibpw AcpXv F \_n-h-N\w apI-fn ]d \a-kvIm-c-n\v FXn-cm-hp-I-bn-s-mWv C_v\p-Iz-nw(-d) A`n-{]m-b-s-Sp--Xv. CXv \_nbpsS(kz){]h\ amXrIbmWv. FmAhnsSshv ]mSn-sp ]d-Xv ap \a-kvIm-c--fm-Wv. AXns\kw_-n-mWv dkq(-k) ]d-Xv P\--fn shv Ghpw

\oN-cm-b-h Iz_vdp-Isf ]n-I-fm-p-h-cmWv.Ckvem-anI inm \nb-a-v hnt[-b-cmbn h[n--s--hpw anv \a-kvI-cn-m-hp--Xm-Wv. Ppssl\ tKm{X-m-cn-bmb Hcp kv{Xo hy`n-Nm-c-n\v Fdnp sIm-s-p. {]hm-N-I Ahv \a-kvI-cn -p. Da(-d) tNmZn -p. {]hm-N-Itc,Ahpw \a-kvI-cn-p-I-bmtWm? Ah hy`n-Nm-cn-bt? \_n(-(kz)) ]d-p. Ah \S-nb ]m-m]w aZo\ \nhm-kn-In-S-bn hoXn-m Ahsmw aXn-bm-Im am{Xw al--

c-am-Wv. (ap-kveow). CXpt]mse asmcp kw`hw IqSn dntmv sN-s-Sp-p-v.\n_-nX kml-N-cy-n-e-msX aqv ka-b--fn anv

\a-kvI-cn-m-h-X-. DIzv_Xp_v\p Ban(-d) dntmv sNp-p.""aqv ka-b--fn \a-kvI-cn-p-Xpw Iz_vd-S-p-Xpw \_n(-kz) R-tfmSv hntcm-[n-p. cmhnse kqcy-\p-Zn-p-b-cp--Xp-h-sc-bpw, \p-bvv AXv a[y-n \nv Nmbp-Xv hsc-bpw AkvX-a\thf-bn AXv ad-bp-Xv hsc-bp-amWv {]kvXpX ka-b-.

(ap-kvenw)


54/73


PamAns {]m[m\ywanv \a-kvImcw Pam-A-m-bn-mWv dkq(-kz) \akvIcn-

n-p--Xv. Fm Hv \a-kvI-cn-p-Xv hntcm-[n tcJ-I-sfm-p-an-. [mcmfw Bfp-I ]s-Sp-p-Xv Xs-bmWv D-aw.\qtdmfw hcp Hcp hn`mKw apkveow-I Hcp an-n\v \a-kvI-cn-m Ah-cpsS ip]mi Amlp At-l-ns Imcy-nkzoI-cn-m-Xn-cn-n-. (ap-kveow). apkveo-ans Xs asmcpdntmn C-s\-bm-Wv: Hcp apkveow acn-p. inv sNm\m]Xv t] At-l-n\v P\m-k-\-a-kvI-cn-m Amlp Ah-

cpsS ip]mi kzoI-cn-m-Xn-cn-n-.ChnsS IrXy-amb F-a Dt-in--s-n-p-Xv. adnv P\-

-fpsS B[n-Iy-am-sWv hyw. Cu \a-kvIm-c-n\v Npcp-nb]w P\- Cam-ans ]nn aqv AWn-bm-bnv \np--XmWv \-Xv. Ggp t]cp Hcp kwL-hp-ambn dkq(kz) \a-kvI-cn--tm aqp t]sc Hcp kz^v^nepw Cucp t]sc apcv kz^v^p-I-fnepw \ndpn \a-kvI-cn-p-I-bp-m-bn. (Xz-_vdm-\n)

Camw Bcm-hWw

Ckvem-anI `c-W-{Iaw \ne-\n-n-cp Ime-L--n km[m-c-W-K-Xn-bn `c-W-]-c-amb D-c-hm-Znw \nh-ln-n-cp--h-cm-bn-cp-p Cam-am-bn-cp-Xv. lmnw, A_q _mkn-an \np-w D-cn-p-p. lk(-d) acn--tm, lpssk(-d) As aZo-\-bnseAao-dm-bn-cp kCuZp_v\p Bkn-tbmSv Cam-am-hm Bh-iy-s-Sp-I-bpw, CXv {]hm-N-Is kp--m-bn-cp-s-n Xmsf Cam-

am-p-am-bn-cp-n- Fv ]d-bp-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]s CXns Nne]c--c-I-fn _e-lo-\X Btcm-]n--s-Sp-p.Cm-cy-n {]tXyI \ntZ-i-sampw \_n(-kz)-bn \nv


55/73


nc-sp hn-n-m-Xp sImv an-ns Ghpw ASpAh-Im-in-bmWv Cam-a-n\v Al Fv- A-`n-{]m-b-s-Sp-p. Cu

ASn-m-\-n an-ns ]nXm-hv, ]nXm-a-l, ]p{X, ]u{X,ktlm-Z-c, ktlm-Z-c-]p-{X, ]nXr-hy, ]nXr-hy-]p-{X Fn-s\ Ah-Im-in-I-fmbn hcp-p. Cu A`n-{]m-b-n\v Ah-ew-_-ambn Nqn-m-Wn-m-dp-Xv Am-lp-hns InXm-_n IpSpw-_-_--ap--h At\ym\yw Ah-Im-i-s--h-cm-Wv F Bb-m-Wv.ap \a-kvIm-c--fn Cam-am-th {Iaw C-s\-bmWv Ghpw\mbn Izp-B ]mcm-bWw sNm Ign-hp--h. AXn Fm-hcpw Xpey-am-sW-n kp-n Ghpw IqSp-X hnh-c-ap--

h. AXnepw Xpey-cm-sW-n lnPvdbn apn \np--h.AXnepw Xpey-am-sW-n BZyw Ckvem-an-tev h-h. (-ap-kveow).

Fhn-sS-sh-mWv \a-kvI-cn-t--Xv

anv \a-kvImcw ]nv ]pd-p-shv \nh-ln-p--XmWv D-aw. \_nbpsS (-k)- Imes ]Xnhv AXm-bn-cp-p.Av anv \a-kvI-cn-m\pw s]cp-m \a-kvI-cn-m-\p-samw{]tXyI e--fp-m-bn-cp-p. PqX-cns] Hcp ]pcp-js\bpw

kv{Xosbbpw hy`n-Nm-c-n\v FdnpsImm Iev]n kw`-h-n, AXv P\mk \a-kvI-cn-p e-n-\-Spv shm-bn-cp-p-shv _pJm-cn-bn ImWmw. CXn \nv P\mk \a-kvI-cn-m {]tXyIw e-ap-m-bn-cp-p-shv hy-am-W-tm. P\m-kpw s]cp-m-fn-\p-ap \a-kvIm-c-ew ]n-bpsS Ingp_IzoCs `mK-m-bn-cpp. (^-Xvlp_m-cn)

Fm ]n-bn shpw \a-kvI-cn-m-hp--Xm-Wv. _pJmcnCu hnj-b-I-am-bn-h lZo-kp-I-fpsS A[ym-b-n\v t]cv \In-

bn-cn-p-Xv Xs "P\mk ka-kvImcw ]n-bnepw \a-kvIm-c--epw' Fm-Wv. kAvZp_v\p A_o-h-Izm-kv(-d) acn--tm \_n(-kz)-bpsS `mcy-amv \a-kvI-cn-m thn anv ]n-bn-eqsSsImp-h-c-s-p. CXv I-tm P\- AXns\ Bt-]n-p-Ibpw _nZv-Av BsWv ]d-bp-I-bp-ap-m-bn. CXv tI BCi(-d) AXv Xncp-n. \_n(-kz) kpsslep_v\p ss_Zm-C\pw ktlm-Z-c\pw ]n-bn shmWv \a-kvI-cn--sXv hni-Zo-I-cnpsImSp-p. (ap-kveow, ss_l-Izn)

Hn-e-[nIw an-p-m-bm

Htc-k-abw Hn-e-[nIw an-p-I hp-tNm Fm-n-


56/73


\pw IqSn Hcp \a-kvImcw aXn. ac-W-a-S--h-cn ]pcp-j-mcpwkv-{XoI-fp-ap-s-n ]pcp-j-msc Ah Iqn-I-fm-sW-nepw Cam-

an-s t\sc apnepw kv{XoIsf AXn-\-pdw Izn_ve-bpsS mKvshp-sIm-p-am-bn-cn-Ww \a-kvI-cn-t--Xv. C_v\pDa-dn \nv(d) A-tlw ]pcn-j-m-cp-tSXv aqnepw kv{XoI-fp-tSXv Izn_vebpsS`m-K-p-amWv sh-Xv. AXn Aen-bpsS ]p{Xn Dp-IpkqapwAh-cpsS ]p{X sskZpw Dm-bn-cp-p. As\ ]p{Xs\ Cam-an-s t\sc-ap`m-K-mbn shp. CXns\ Nne FXn-tm\a-kvI-cn-m kn-ln-X-cm-bn-cp C_v\p-A-m-kv(-d), A_q-lp-d-bv-d(-d), A_q-k-Cu-Zv(-d), JXm-Z(-d) Fn-h CXmWv \_n-N-cy-sb-

v ]d-bp-I-bp-m-bn. (\-km-Cu)Am-dn(-d) \npw CXp-t]mse thsdm-p-IqSn A_q-Zm-hqZv

D-cn-p-p-v. Htcm-n\pw sh-t-sdbpw \a-kvI-cn-m-hp--Xm-Wv. (a-PvaqAv)

\a-kvIm-c-ns cq]w

BZys XIv_o-d-Sw \mev XIv_o-dp-I-fmWv \a-kvIm-c-n sNmt--Xv. Atm Btdm Bbmepw hntcm-[-an-. H]XvXIv_o hsc sNmn-b-Xmbn dntmp-I-fp-v. Fm \mev

XIv_o-dp-I-fp-tS-XmWv {]_-e-ambn tXmp--Xv. Imc-Ww Acwdntmp-I-fmWv IqSpXepf-f-Xv. C_v\pA-kn \npw (-d)A_q-lp-d-bvd-bn \np-samw \mev XIv_o sNmnb dntmp-I-fp-v. \m-in-p-thn \a-kvI-cn--tmgpw \_n(-kz) \mevXIv_o-dm-bn-cpp sNmn-bn-cp--Xv. (ss_-l-Izn)

XIv_o-dn ssI Db

Hm-as XIv_o-dn ssI DbWw F-Xn `qcn -

]w ]fin-Xamcpw tbmPn-p-p. XpSp--h-bn Db-Wtam thmtbm Fp--Xn- `n-X-bp-v. BZys XIv_o-dn am{Xw ssI Dbn-bm aXn-sb-p hmZ-m-cpsS tcJCXm-Wv: C_v\pAm-kn \nv(-d) dkq(-kz) anv \a-kvIm-c-n BZys XIv_o-dn cp ssIIfpw Dbpw. ]noSvAXv Bhn-m-dn-. (Zm-d-IzpXzvXv\n) Fm CXns ]c--c-bnse ^Zzvep_v\p kI F hyn Adn-b-s-Sm Bfm-Wv.AXpsImv CXv sXfn-hn\p ]cym-]vX-a-.

Fm XIv_o-dnepw ssII DbWw F ]-m-cpsStcJ-bn-XmWv: C_v\pDa-dn \nv (-d) dntmv, Atlw P\mk\a-kvIm-c-n Fm XIv_o-dnepw ssII Dbm-dpv (ss_-


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l-Izn). CXns ]c-c kzoIm-cy-tbm-Ky-am-sWv ]fin-XmA`n-{]m-b-s-Sp-p. Camw _pJmcn Xs ""A_p ap^vd-Zv d^vDb-

Zbv'' Fo InXm-_p-I-fnepw C_v\p-D-a-dn \nv CXp-t]msedntmv sNp-p. (^Xvlp_mcn 3:190) Xz_vdm-\nbpw ss_l-Iznbpw C_v\pDa-dn \nv Xs CXv kzoIm-cy-tbm-Ky-amb ]c--c-tbmSp IqSn \_n(-kz)bntev tNv dntmv sNbvX-XmbnImWmw. Npcp-n Fm XIv_odnepw ssI Db-W-sa--XmWv IqSp-X {]_-e-amb A`n-{]m-bw.

^mXn-lbpw kzempw

""C_v\pAm-kv(-d) Hcp P\mk \a-kvI-cn--tm ^mXnl

HmXn, CXv \_n(-k)-bpsS Ncy-bn s]-Xm-sWv \n Adn-n-cn--W-sa--tlw ]d-bp-Ibpw sNb-Xp.'' (_p-Jm-cn, A_q-Zm-hq-Zv).CXv ]Xps Bbn-cn-t--Xm-Wv. A_qDam-a-bn \np--cn-p-p: P\mk \a-kvIm -c-n Hm-as XIv_o-dn\v tijw^mXnl ]Xps HmtX--Xm-Wv. ]ns aqv XIv_o. Ah-km-\-t-Xn kemwho. (\-km-Cu).

cm-a XIv_o-dn\p tijw \_n(-k) bpsS t]cn-epkzemv sNmp-I. A_qDam-a-bn \nv Xs-bp-ff dntmv

ImWp-I. ]ns \_n(kz)-bpsS t]cn kzemv sNmp-IbpwXIv_o-dp -In-S -bn an -n\p thn {]mYn -p -IbpwsNpI. Cu XIv_o-dp -I-fn -sem-nepw HmtX--Xn -. ]ns]Xps kemw ho-Ww. (Camw im^n-Cu D-cn--Xv). Chn-sSbpw\a-kvIm-c-nse kzemv Xs-bmWv sNmt--Xv.

anv \a-kvIm-c-nse {]mY-\-I

]no-Sp XIv_o-dp-I-fn an-n-mbn {]mYn-t--Xm-Wv. Cu {]mY-\-bm-Wtm anv \a-kvIm-c-nse apJy-L-S-Iw.CXv hfsc BflmY-ambn \nh-ln-t--Xm-Wv. \_n(-kz) ]d-bp-p: ""\n anv \a-kvI-cn-p-tm AXn \njvI-f--ambn {]mYn-p-I. (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv) \_n(-kz)-bn \nv hyXykvXcq]-n-ep "ZpB-I' Cu hj-b-n dntmv sN-s-n-pv.AXn GXp cq]hpw \apv kzoI-cn-mw. Fm Camw ium-\n(-d) ]d-Xpt]mse, nIzvlv {K--fn \_n(-kz)-bn \npdntmv sN-s-Sm ]e {]mY-\-Ifpw ew ]nSn-n-p-v.dkq(-kz)-bn \nv dntmv sN-s {]mY-\-I-fmWv D-aw.

(ss\-eq HuXzm 1,55 ) Fm dkq(-kz) \np--cn--s-XvXs sNm \n_--am-sWv A_m\n ]d-bp-p. (A-lvIm-ap P\m-Ckv t]. 127)


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\_n(-kz)-bn \nv dntmv sN-s {]mY-\-I-fn NneXvXmsg sImSp-p-p.

onnNr~ne ruSnhnh ondooof rprcnGnh ornY orYGnh ppanYnh ornMrQGnh ondrprZG sosdnGsnoj nnc njnnrdG npe prnfnh pOrnrdGnh prsdGnh pAnrdpH orprZGnhrpeGnrnN nrgnGnh ppQGnO rneGnrnN GnQGnO onrdp~rHGnh pnfs~dG npe onrHnrG orsdG

pQsdG pGnnYnh prndrG nrpa ppbnh ppLrhnR rpe GnrnN nnLrhnRnh pprgnG""Am-lp-th, \o Ct-l-n\v s]mdp-p-sIm-Sp-p-Ibpw Icp-

W-sN-p-Ibpw hnp -hogvN \Ip-Ibpw kpJw \Ip-IbpwsNt-W-ta. Ct-ls \coXn-bn AXn-Yn-bmbn BZ-cn-t-Wta. {]th-i\ ew hnim-e-am-p-Ibpw sNt-W-ta. Pew,av, Ben--gw Fnh sImv \o Ct-ls hrn-bm-t-W-ta. shhkv{Xw Agp-n \nv ipn-bm-p--Xp-t]mse\o Ct-ls ]m]-n \nv ]cn-ip--am-p-Ibpw sNt-W-ta. Ct-l-ns `h-\-s-m D-a-amb `h-\hpw IpSpw-_-s-m D-a-amb IpSpw-_hpw CW-sb-m D-a-ambCW-sbbpw \o ]I-c-ambn \evtI-W-ta. Iz_vdnse Zpcn-X-n\npw \c-I-in--bn \npw Ct-ls Impcn-p-IbpwsNt-W-ta.'' (ap-kvenw, \km-Cu)

Cu lZokv dntmv sNp Hu^v(-d), dkq(-kz)-bpsS Cu{]mY\ tI-tm B anv Xm\m-bn-cp-s-n Fm-{K-ln-p-t]m-bn. \_n(-k) GXp anv \a-kvIm-c-nepw \S-m-dp{]m\ A_q-lp-d-bvd(-d) dntmv sNp-p.''

""Am-lpth, R-fn \nv Pohn-n-cn -p--hpw arXn-b-S--hpw kn-ln-X-cm-b-hpw e-n-m--hpwsNdn-b-hpw hen-b-hpw ]pcp-jampw kv{XoIpw\o Pohn-n-p-p-sh-n Ckvem-a-\p-k-cnv Pohn-n-p-IbpwR-fn \nv h-h -scbpw \o acn -n -p -p -sh-nCuamt\mSp IqSn acn-n-p-Ibpw sNt-W-ta. Am-lpth, At-l-ns ]pWyw Rv \o \jvS-s-Sp --cp -tX. At-l-n\v tijw Rsf \o hgn-]n-g-n-p-Ibpw sN-cp-tX (A-_p-Zm-hq-Zv, C_v\p-am-P).

an-nsbpw ]nXm-hn-sbpw t]cv {]mY-\-bn ]d-bp-Xv

\-Xm-sWv Cu lZo-kns ASn-m-\-n Camw ium-\n(-d) A`n-{]m-b-s-Sp-p. IqSm-sX, {]mY-\-bnse ]pnwK kh-\m-


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a-amb "lp' F {]tbmKw anv kv{XobmIptmgpw amt--Xn-. ImcWw anv F ]Z-n-temWv Cu kh-\maw aS-

p--Xv.Ipn-Im-bp {]mY\

anv sNdnbIpn-bm-sW-n, ss_l-Izn-bpsS dntm-\p-k-cnv Cu {]mY\ \S-p-Xv \-Xm-sWv ium-\n(-d) A`n-{]m-b-s-Sp-p.

GLGh Wah S d LG dGAm-lpth, Cu Ipnsb R-fpsS Hcp apKm-anbpw \nn-

tev thK-n t]m-h\pw ]pWy-hp-am-n-ot-W-ta.'' Ipn-Ip \-a-kvIm-c-n Ah-cpsS amXm-]n-Xm-v Imcp-Wy-n\pw ]m]-tam-N-\-n\pw {]mYn--W-sa A_q-Zm-hq-Znsdntmv apv D-cn-n-p--tm. anv \a-kvIm-c-nse {]mY-\-I aqv, \mev XIv_o-dp-I-fp-sS-sbmw tijw BIm-hp--Xm-Wv. \mem-a-t-Xn-tev am{X-ambn {]tXy-In-smcp {]mY-\bpwdntmv sN-s-n-n-. A\-cw km[m-cW \a-kvIm-c-n-teXpt]mse kemwho-Ww. CtXmsS \a-kvImcw Ign-p.

kv{XoI-fpsS anv \a-kvImcwCkvem-anse ]e Bcm-[-\m-Ia--fn \npw kv{XoIsf Hgn-p-\npI FXv \psS \mn Nne-cpsS Xmev]-cy-ambn amdn-bn-cn-p-p. ]S--h kv{XoI-\p-h-Zn ]eXpw shn-p-cp-p-Ibpw A\p-h-Zn-m-Xv ]eXpw Gn-sm-Sp-p-Ibpw sNp-p.XZv^-e-ambn Cu \mnse kv{XoIv anv \a-kvI-cn-p-I-sb-smcp k{-Zmbw Adn-bn-.

\_n(-kz)-bpsS in-W-n hf D-a-cmb amXr-Im-h-\n-X-I anv \a-kvIm-c-n AXoh Xev]-c-cm-bn-p. apkveow

D-cn-p Hcp lZokv Bhn-p-I-bm-Wv. kAvZv_v\p A_o-h-Izm-kv(-d) acn--tm \_n(-kz)-bpsS `mcy-amv \a-kvI-cn-mthn anv ]n-bn sImp-h-c-s-p. Fnv Ahv \a-kvI-cn-m-\mbn anv Ah-cpsS apdn-I-fn shp sImSp-p.]s, Ccw Imcy--sfmpw \psS kv{XoI Adn-bm-td-bn-. anv I^ ]pS-h-b-Wn-bnv hon \nv sImp-t]m-Ip-tm kv{XoIp-IqSn \a-kvI-cn -m-\p ka-bhpw kuI-cyhpw A\p-h-Znp sImSp-p-I, acn hon-tev hcp kv{XoI\a-kvI-cn-m-\p hkv{X-fpw ap-ambn hcn-I, AhnsS shvPam-A-mbn \a-kvI-cn-p-I Fo Imcy- {in-t--Xp-v.


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anvadhpsN

\a-kvIm-cm-\-cw kap-Zm-b-ns _m[y-X-bmWv anvIz_vd-S-. CXn Ckvem-anI hoWw hfsc ]cn-ip-hpwbp-hp-am-Wv. arX-tZlw an Ipgn-p-aq-S, AXv Zln-n-p-Itbm atm sNp--Xn-s\-m F{Xtbm D-a-am-sWv ]d-tb--Xn-.

arX-tZlw Icn -p -I-f -bp k{-Zmbw Xosc am\-knIkwXr]vXn \Ip H-. acn a\p-jy-t\mSv \apv sNmIgn-bp kvt\lm-Z-c-hp-I Ghpw\ cq]-n Ipfn-n -v,

hrn-bp XpWn-bn s]mXn-v, ]m]-tam-N-\-n\v ]S--h-t\mSv \njvI-f--ambn {]mYn-v, Npa-en-ten ivaim-\-n sImpt]mbn, h\y-ar-K-tm ap Poh-Pm-e-I-tm amn-sb-Sp-mt\m ISnp-h-en-p-Io-dmt\m ]m cq]-n Bg-ap Ipgn-bnshv anv aqSpp. Cu k{-Zmbw GXv Ime-L--nepw\qX\w Xs.

BZy-]n-Xm-hmb BZw\-_n(-A)bpsS Hcp aI-\mb Izm_okzk-tlm-Z-\mb lm_os\ h[np; arX-i-cocw Fp sN-W-

sap ImWn-p-sIm-Sp-m, `qan-bn amn Ipgn-bp-m-p HcpImsb Amlp Ab-p. CXn-eqsS Izm_o-en\v Xs ktlm-Z-cs\ Iqgn-p-aq-Sp cq]w ]Tn-n-p. Cu IY kqdXp amCZ 31- {]Xn-]m-Zn-p-p-v.

aqkvenw-Iv Ah-cpsS arX-tZlw Iz_vd-S-m {]tXyIwe-ap-m-bn-cn-t--Xm-Wv. \_n(-k)-bpsS Imev "_Izo-B'-bn-cpp B ew. Ahn-sS-bm-bn-cpp Fm-h-scbpw Iz_vd-S-n-bn-cp--Xv. Fm Cv an-hmdpw Fm-bn-Spw ]ntbmS\p-

_-n-mWv CXn-\p e- ImW-s-Sp--Xv. CXv Hcn-epwt{]mm-l-\ml-a-s-mWv A\p-`-h- ]Tnn-p--Xv. \_nkz) At-l-ns apdn-bn Xs-bmWv Iz_vd-S-n-b-Xv. CXv


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{]hm-N-Iamp {]tXy-I-X-bm-Wv. BC-i(-d) ]d-bp-p: \_n(-kz) acn--tm At-ls FhnsS Iz_vd-S--W-sa Imcy-

n nm-`n-{]m-b-apmbn. DSs\ A_q-_-Iv(-d) ]d-p: Hmtcm{]hm-N-I\pw Atlw Fhn-sS-bmtWm ad-am-Sm CjvS-s-Sp--Xv,AhnsS sh-msX Bflmhv ]nSn--s-Sn-sv \_n(-kz) ]d-bp--Xmbn tIn-p-v. As\ Atlw InS-n-cp ev XsIz_vd-S-n. (Xnan-Zn)

Iz_vdn-en-d-

Iz_vdn\v Bh-iy-n\v hen-hpw Bghpw Dm-bn-cn--Ww.hrn-bm-bn-cn-Ww. Akzm-dp-I-fn s] Hcp a\p-jy\v Iz_vdvIpgn--tm \_n(-kz) ]d-p: Xe-bp-sSbpw Imen-sbpw `mKwhnim-e-am-p-I. (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv) asmcp dntmn: Bg-nepwhoXn -bnepw `wKn -bnepw Ipgn -pI (A-_q-Zm -hq -Z v, \km-Cu).Iz_vdns Bg-w, hoXn, Db-cw, ChsbIpdnsmpw IrXy-amb\ntZi-sampw \_n(-kz) bn \nv e`n-n-n-. ]fin-X-m ]ecq]-n-ep A`n-{]m-b- {]I-Sn-n-n-p-v. Iz_vd-S-p-XpsImp Dtiyw arX-i-cocw an--Sn-bn ad-bepw AXv h\y-ar-K-pw apw amn-sb-Sp-m kuI-cy-s-Sm-Xn-cn--ep-am-Wv.

CXv km[y-am-Ip cq]-n-semw Iz_v-dp-I \nan-mw. `q{]-tZ-i-ns hyXym-k-a-\p-k-cnv hnhn[ cq]- CXn kzoI-cn-t-n-h-cpw.

anv kv{Xobp-tS -Xm -sW-nepw ]pcp -jam-cmWvadhpsNt--Xv. `m-hp kv{Xobm-sW-n Ah-fpsS `m-hmWv AXn-l. IqSp-X kl-I-cn-t-Xv ASp _p--fpw. \_n(-kz)sb Iz_vdn-te-v CdnshXv Am-kv, ^Zzv,kzmen-lv, Aen(-d) Fn-h-cm-bn-cpp (lm-ow). Rm Pnhn-n-

cns \o acn-m, Rm \ns Ipfn-n-p-Ibpw Iz_vd-S-p-Ibpw sNp-sav \_n(-k) BC-i(-d) tbmSv ]d-n-cp-p(-Alva-Z v). Im`mKw sh-p `mK-n-eq -sS-bm-bn -cn -Ww anvIz_vdn {]th-in-t--Xv.

Iz_vdn XpWntbm atm hncn-p-Xpw Xe-bn-W-sh-p-Xpw A`n-Im-ay-a-. an-ns heXp `mK-nta Izn_vevA`n-ap-J-am-bmWv InS-t--Xv. anv Iz_vdn-te-n-d-p-tm

dG SQ e Yh dG H Ftm dG SQ S Yh dG HFtm tNmt--Xm-Wv(-A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv). ]noSv Iz_v aq-S-Ww.XpSv Npp-`m-Kpw IqSn\np-h ssIsImv aqv ]nSn


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av Iz_vdn-tev hmcn-b-nS-Ww. \_n(-kz) anv \a-kvI-cntijw an-ns Xe-`m-Kv IqSn aqv]nSn av hmcn-bn-Sp-I-bp-

m-bn (C-_v\p-am-P). av hmcn-bn-Sp-tm ""anlm JeIzv\mIpwh^olm \pCu-Zppw hanlm \pJvcnPppw Xmd-X DJvdm''Fp sNm-W-sav Nne ]fin-Xam A`n-{]m-b-s-Sp -p.Fm CXn\v bmsXmcp sXfn-hp-an -. Cu hnj-b-I-ambn hdntmv hfsc Zp_-e-am-sWv lZokv \ncq-]-Iam-scmw A`n-{]m-b-s-n- p-v. (A-lvIm-ap P\m-Ckv, t]. 153)

Iz_vdns kz`mhw

arX-tZlw aqSn-b-Xn\p tijw Iz_v GI-tZiw Hcp Nm(A-

c-ap-gw) anv Dbm-hp--Xm-Wv. \_n(-kz)-bpsS Iz_vdns\ndntmv sNp-p: At-l-ns Iz_v `qan-bn \nv GI-tZjw Hcp Nm Dbp-Ibpw sNbvXp.'' v( -C_v\plnm)apI`mKw \nc-m -p--XmWpaw. \_n( -k)-bpsS Iz_vapI`mKw ]c--Xm-bn-cpp (_p-Jm-cn). Iz_v Xncn --dn -bmIp -sImtm atm AS-bm -f -s-Sp -p--Xn\v hntcm -[ -an -.\_n(kz) Dkvam-\p_v\p aZv-Du-\ns Iz_vdn As\ sNp-I-bp -m-bn. \_n( -k) Dkvam -\p_v\p aZv -Du-\ns Iz_vdnAs\ sNp-I-bp-m-bn. \_n(-k) Hcp a\pjy-t\mSv Hcp IvsImp-h -cm ]d -p. AbmXv Npa -m Ign -n -.Atm Ahn-Sv AXv Npav sImp-h-cn -Ibpw Xe-bpsS`mKv shp-Ibpw sNbv-Xp. Fnv ]d-p: CXp-sIm-ssktlm-Zs Iz_v F\nv Xncn--dn-bm Ign-bpw. Fs _p--fn Bsc-nepw acn-m Rm Ahsc ChnsS ad-hp-sN-pw.(A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv)

]s, AXn t]sc-gp-Xn-sh-p-Xpw Ae-m-c--fp-m-p-Xpw \_n(-kz) hntcm-[n-ncn-p-p. (A-_q-Zm-hq-Zv).

\n_-nX kml-N-cy--fn-e-msX aqv ka-b--fn Iz_-d-S-p-Xv \_n(-kz) hntcm-[n-n-cp-p. cmhnse kqcy DZn-p-b-cp-Xv hsc-bpw, \p-bvv kqcy a[y-n \nv Nmbp--Xp-h-scbpw AkvX-a-\-th-f-bn AXv ad-bp-Xv hscbpw (ap-kveow).

AXp-t]mse cm{Xnbpw \n_-n-X-am-bnmsX Iz_vd-S--cp-Xv. cm{Xn-bn Iz_v-d-Snb Hcp a\p-jys hnhcw \_n(-kz)v Inn-b-tm Atlw Ip]n-X-\mbn ]dp:

""\n_ kml-N-cy -n-e-msX As\ sN-cp -Xv .''

(apkveow) As\ cm{Xn-bn Iz_vd-S-tn hcp-tm hnfvInp Iz_vdn Cd-p-Ibpw apw sNm-hp--Xm-Wv. \_n(kz)


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Hcp a\p-jys\ Iz_vdn shp-Ibpw Abm-fpsS Iz_vdn hnfvIn-p-Ibpw sNbvXp Fv C_v\p-A-m-kn \nv (-d) C_v\p-

amP D-cn-p-p.Hn-e-[nIw arX-tZ-l- hp-Iq-Sp-Ibpw Iz_v Ipgn-m

Aku-I-cy-ap-m-hp-I-bp-am-sW-n Fm-h-scbpw Htc Iz_vdnXs ad-am-Sm-hp--Xm-Wv. Ccw k`--fn IqSp-X Izp-B ]TnhscbmWv BZyw Iz_vdntev shtXv. bpLfnepw ]I-hym-[n-I ]nSn-s]-Sp-tm-gp-samw Cs\ sNmhp--Xm-Wv. \_n(-kz) DlvZv bp-n sIm-s--hsc Iz_vd-S-mt\c-v, BcmWv IqSp-X Izp-B ]Tn--sXv At\z-jn-

p. Hcm \ntZ-in --s--tm \_n(-kz) Abmsf BZywIz_vdn shp-Ibpw sNbvXp.

]nSnav sh

anv ad-am-S-en-t\m-S-\p-_-nv ]e e--fnepw {]N-cnASn-m-\-c-ln-X-amb F{Xtbm A\m-Nm-c--fp-v. Iz_vd-S-nbZnhkw Hcp {]tXyI coXn-bn-ep cv dIv-Av \a-kvIm-cw, ]nSn-ap sh, knkn-e, apJ-s-gp-v, A\-Bkn ss_vXpS-n -bh AXn Nne-Xm -Wv. CXns\mpw Ckvem-ap -ambn

bmsXmcp _-hp-an-. CXp sNp--h apl-Zv \_n(-kz) ]Tn-n Ncysb ]np-Scm-h-cm-Wv.

Xkv_opw XIzo\pw

anv ad-am-Sn --gn-m DS-s\-s ]tc-Xm-flm-hnv

Xkv_ov tNmZn-p-Ibpw ]m]-tam-N-\-n\v Bh-iy-s-Sp-Ibpw

sN kp-m-Wv. Dkvam(-d) ]d-bp-p: \_n(-kz) anv

adhpsNbvXp-I-gn-m AhnsS \np sImv ]dbpw: \n-fpsS

ktlmZc\v ]m]tamN\n\mhiysSpIbpw Xkv_ov tNmZnpIbpw sNpI. ImcWw, Atlw Ctm tNmZnsSpIbmWv.'' (A

_qZmhqZv) Iz_vdn shv aepI tNmZyw sNptm sscyw

\Im BhiyspsImp {]mY\bmWv Xkv_ov. AXn\v

\nWnX ]Zcq]sfmpw lZokn hnn. AXn\m Cu Dtiy

\nhlWn\mhiyamb {]mY\I am{Xw kuIcywt]mse \S

mhpXmWv. Xkv_ons Hcp cq]w Xmsg sImSp-p-p.

pnL sosdnG .nGnrG orprdnG sosdnG .GnDtdG n~rpY orunK sosdnG.nnrdG uoc rpe orpeBG sosdnG .ornMrQGnh ondrprZG sosdnG .prnrnL rnY nrndG


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Am-lp-th, tNmZyw sNp ka-bv At-l-n\v \os

Rogam Maranam Mayyith Samskaranam

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