ROCKS and

MINERALS of PA

Do we take them for granted?

In the Stone Age???

Or….. Are we still in the …..

Do we take them for granted?

Stone Age???

Common Minerals in everyday Life in PA (300)

Halite: Made of 2 elements (Na: Sodium and Cl: Chlorine

Graphite( Not lead) and Diamond: Made of a single element C: Carbon

Common Minerals (element) in everyday Life in PA (300)

Cu: Copper: Used for wiring and plumbingS: Sulfur

Ag: Silver

Au: Gold

Common Minerals (compounds) in everyday Life

in PA

Quartz found in PA: SiO2

Limestone: Tyrone, PA Calcite (CaCO3)

WHAT IS A MINERAL?

SolidCannot be a liquid or a gas

Naturally OccurringFound in nature, not man-made

InorganicIs not alive and never was, non-living

Fixed compositionHas a chemical formula, most are formed from compounds of

two or more elements, some minerals consist of one element ex. Au

Crystal FormA definite structure in which atoms are arranged

What is a mineral? Properties:

A mineral is a naturally formed, inorganic solid that has a definite crystalline structure.

What is a mineral? Definition:

Is it non-living material?Is it a solid?Is it formed in nature?Does it have a crystalline structure?

Questions to ask yourself when determining if an item is a mineral or not:

The next few slides show an assortment of items.

As a group, categorize the items as either:Minerals or Non-Minerals.

Wood

Gold

Fossil

Topaz

Bones

Granite

Quartz

Pearls

Talc

Icebergs

Diamond

Coal

Rock Salt

And the answers are… Minerals

a) Gold

b) Topaz

c) Quartz

d) Talc

e) Iceberg*

f) Diamonds

Non-Minerals

a) Wood - once living

b) Fossils – once living

c) Bone - living material

d) Granite - intrusive igneous rock

e) Pearls – made by oysters

f) Coal - Sedimentary rock

g) Rock Salt – Sedimentary rock

According to IMA – ice is listed as a mineral