Rocking the Metaverse: A/V Cataloging in a Web X.0 Environment OLAC/MOUG 2008 Lynne C. Howarth...
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Transcript of Rocking the Metaverse: A/V Cataloging in a Web X.0 Environment OLAC/MOUG 2008 Lynne C. Howarth...
Rocking the Metaverse:
A/V Cataloging in a Web X.0
Environment OLAC/MOUG 2008
Lynne C. Howarth
Faculty of Information
University of Toronto
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
A walk down memory lane - 1
OLAC 1998Audio/Visual materials
Increasing prevalence of the WebWebsitesPortals
CDs / DVDs (read only)Interactive multimedia
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
A walk down memory lane - 2
OLAC 1998Audio/Visual materials
Digital and analog mediaE-commerce – Amazon.com“social commerce” – eBayDigital libraries – e.g., Colorado Digitization
Project (CDP), 1999-
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
A walk down memory lane - 3But not yet…
I-pods; MP3 playersCamera phonesHandheld devices with GPS, e-mail, etc., etc.USB memory sticksSocial networking sites – FaceBook(124M);
MySpace (245M); LinkedIn (25M)
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
A walk down memory lane - 4
But not yet…Social tagging sites – Flikr; deli.cio.us;
LibraryThing; CiteULike (and entertaining derivatives, such as Wordle)
And LC’s pilot with Flikr http://www.loc.gov/blog/?p=233 (2008)
Google KnolTM; WikipediaBlogs, wikis, aggregated content, Mashups, rss
feeds, Twitter.com (2008), etc., etc.Second Life; GoogleTM Lively (July 2008)
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
A walk down memory lane - 5
OLAC 1998The State of Cataloguing
1997 Toronto Conference on the Principles and Future Development of AACR
Content versus Carrier CC:DA Task Force on Rule 0.24
Dublin Core 1995-ISBD(ER) 1997CC:DA Task Force on MetadataIFLA Working Group on Metadata Schemas
1998-
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
A walk down memory lane - 6But not yet…
RDA: Resource Description and Access, 2009ISBD Preliminary Consolidated Edition, 2007IME ICC Statement of International Cataloguing
Principles, 2008RDF – Resource Description Framework
Singapore Framework for DC Application Profiles, Sept. 2007 (maximizing interoperability and usability of metadata)
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
A walk down memory lane - 7But not yet…
OCLC WorldCatSteve.museumEndeca; Primo (ExLibris); Encore (Innovative
Interfaces); WorldCat Local Biblio Commons – “ the first truly social online
catalog” –Free Range Librarian blog, Nov 2007
Time flies …when you’re having fun
Or immersed in a digital revolution
A/V materials … from “non-book” channel …
To digital mainstream
And A/V cataloguers … from Cinderella …
To Metaverse avatar
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
Cinderella …???
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
Some operational definitions
Metaverse:The Metaverse is a virtual world, described
in Neal Stephenson's 1992 science fiction novel Snow Crash, where humans, as avatars, interact with each other and software agents, in a three-dimensional space that uses the metaphor of the real world. The word metaverse is a compound of the words "meta" and "universe".
-- Wikipedia
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
Libraries in the Metaverse of Second Life
Over 400 tech-savvy librarians representing over 30 academic libraries are currently active in Second Life.. On Information Island, users can ask questions at a virtual reference desk, search Google, Wikipedia and other resources, and participate in lectures.
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
So here we are …
Virtual reference librarians …avatars in metaverse …
But where are the cataloguers …??
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
Whoaaaa … a step back
Developments in cataloguing from 1998-2008 as they relate to the dynamic evolution of born digital resources
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
Where it began for AACR – The Toronto Conference, 1997
International Conference on the Principles & Future Development of AACR - Toronto Conference 1997
Three areas of particular interest:Considering AACR within context of FRBR and user
tasks – Find, Identify, Select, Obtain (FISO) – and entities – Work, Expression, Manifestation, Item
Logical structure of Parts 1 and 2 of AACR – entity-relationship modelling
Primacy of carrier over content (AACR 0.24)
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
Towards AACR3 …JSC continues to issue amendments to AACR2
– 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005JSC continues work on revisions to 0.24;
Chapter 3, 9, 12 (seriality); logical structure; principles
September 2004 – Delsey appointed editor of AACR3
October 2004 – JSC sees Part I of AACR3; December 2004 Draft issued for constituency review
Extensive comment in response to review review of Draft for discussion at JSC meeting, April 2005
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
Towards RDA …April 2005 – name change to RDA – Parts I
(Resource Description), II (Relationship), III (Access Point Control) proposed
December 2005 – Draft of RDA Part I (Chapters 1-2, 4-6) issued for constituency review
April 2006 – RDA restructured to Parts A (incorporating former Parts I and II) and B (Part III) – or, loosely, bibliographic elements based on FRBR model (Part A), and authority control elements based on FRAD model (Part B)
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
Towards RDA …
August 2006 – Part A – Categorization of content and carrier
October 2006 – IME ICC draft Statement of International Cataloguing Principles affirmed as basis of cataloguing principles throughout RDA
October 2006 – meeting with Dublin Core and IEEE-LOM representative – engagement with metadata communities
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
RDA 2009 …
October 2007 – new organization for RDA announced – 10 sections; 37 chapters – to fine-tune RDA to better align with FRBR/FRAD models
December 2007 – Drafts of Sections 2-4, and 9 issued for review
Complete full draft of RDA to be issued in online product for review, mid-October 2008
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
RDA 2009 …
RDA released in third quarter of 2009! LC, NAL, and NLM – “… a decision to
implement the rules will be based upon the positive evaluation of RDA's utility within the library and information environment …. - D. Marcum (May 1, 2008)
2009/early 2010 CoP national libraries evaluate prior to implementation – JSC Sept. 19, 2008
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
Resolving the “content/carrier problem” from AACR - 1
RDA 6.10 Content typeContent type reflects the fundamental form
of communication in which the content is expressed and the human sense through which it is intended to be perceived. For content expressed in the form of an image or images, content type also reflects the number of spatial dimensions in which the content is intended to be perceived and the perceived presence or absence of movement.
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
Resolving the “content/carrier problem” from AACR - 2
RDA 3.2 Media typeMedia type reflects the general type of
intermediation device required to view, play, run, etc., the content of a resource.
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
Resolving the “content/carrier problem” from AACR - 3
RDA 3.3 Carrier TypeCarrier type reflects the format of the
storage medium and housing of a carrier in combination with the type of intermediation device required to view, play, run, etc., the content of a resource.
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
So what about the content/carrier types?
Based on and derived from the RDA-ONIX Framework for Resource Categorization (August 2006)Clearly delineates content from carrier
Recognizes increasing prominence/ predominance of non-textual resourcesSpecific; detailed; inclusive (and exclusive)
Brings together two metadata “communities” – cataloguing and publishingPossibilities for harvesting, exchanging data
following common standard
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
ISBD ConsolidatedBringing the “family of ISBDs” together
in one consolidated text – with “preliminary” signalling other changes to come
Pending worldwide review of changes to material designations – recognizing importance of signalling content and carrier in a separate [new] area of description
RDA views ISBD as display format
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
IME ICC - 1Statement of International Cataloguing
Principles, April 10, 2008 versionIntroduction: “These new principles
replace and broaden the Paris Principles from just textual works to all types of materials ….” (p.1)
General Objectives (p. 2)0.9 Integration. The descriptions for all
types of materials …should be based on a common set of rules, as far as possible.
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
IME ICC - 2Statement of International Cataloguing
Principles, April 10, 2008 version.Content type – A designation that reflects the
fundamental form of communication in which the content is expressed and the human sense through which it is intended to be perceived. Content type reflects attributes of both work and expression. [Source: modified from Jan. 2008 Glossary for RDA]may serve as optional access points or as filtering or
limiting devices for a search (7.1.3)
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
IME ICC - 3Statement of International Cataloguing
Principles, April 10, 2008 version.Carrier type – a designation that reflects the
format of the storage medium and housing of a carrier in combination with the type of intermediation device required to view, play, run, etc., the content of a resource. [Source: modified from Jan. 2008 Glossary for RDA] – may serve as optional access points or as filtering or
limiting devices for a search (7.1.3)
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
Bringing it all together … In 1998 the world was simpler … Or so we think, now!
BUT in 2008 … We have tools (RDA, FRBR; FRAD; etc.) We have better technologies We have more friends (museums, archives, publishers, etc.) We have more sources of information (metadata) We have places at multiple tables, and even more credibility We have an untapped source of even more information – in
Web 2.0 terms
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
Bringing it all together - 2And it’s also true we have more “stuff”
More born digitalMore “A/V” to catalogue
Much more
And we have David Weinberger: “The Library of Congress’s carefully engineered,
highly evolved processes for ordering information simply won’t work in the new world of digital information.” (Everything is Miscellaneous, c2007)
And LIS education that is less “amenable” to “cataloguing courses”
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
This is Where Mainstream Helps!Pretend you are a metaverse avatar – perhaps
a CATavarCapable of drawing analogies for dealing with new
formatsSufficiently skilled and experienced to put RDA in
context – content, media, carrier typesServing metaphorically as the metadata gatherer –
combining the best of controlled vocabularies with social tagging
Harvesting user-created metadata to complement standards-derived metadata (LibraryThing =>Library) [see also steve.museum]
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
Still pretending to be a CATavarUsing Web 2.0 in the metaverse to create
Library X.0 communicats – OPACs for the people (and a little bit by the people)
Determining where structure is important, and where there is room for public engagementall those digital images, and MP3s, and
tagged collections of infinite variety (and, of course, of some inherent value to our repositories)
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
Bearing in mind that …
“… open doesn’t always work. Sometimes we do need closed, controlled. We need a world with both open and closed.”
Chair, Creative Commons James Boyle
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
Finally …(almost) It is a keynote’s prerogative to
be provocative – even fun Melville’s world is changing,
but the foundations still pertain
You will spend 3 days revisiting fundamentals, while also engaging with what’s new
You can forget everything that seems frivolous in what I have said
Melville Dewey
Sept 26-08 Copyright Lynne C. Howarth, U of Toronto
Finally (this time)You have a real life, and a real job, in a real
world, with real digital and other resourcesBUT …In those moments between learning
Think of an Island, a metaverseWhere virtual CATavars gather metadata from
virtual avatars to create records for the collections of virtual resources in the Island Library
Think Library X.0
AND …
Get a Second Life!
Thank-you!
Questions? Comments?