[1][1]

Nick Oravec & Cheney Molloy Nick Oravec & Cheney Molloy December 4 , 2009December 4 , 2009

RoboticsRobotics

Table Of ContentsTable Of Contents

What is roboticsWhat is robotics OriginsOrigins Components of robotsComponents of robots ControlControl HealthcareHealthcare ConclusionConclusion References References QuestionsQuestions

What is robotics?What is robotics? Robotics is the science or study Robotics is the science or study of the technology associated with the design, of the technology associated with the design, fabrication, theory, and application of robots. fabrication, theory, and application of robots. [2][2]

What are robots?What are robots? Robots are a mechanical device Robots are a mechanical device that sometimes resemble a human and is capable of that sometimes resemble a human and is capable of performing a variety of often complex human tasks performing a variety of often complex human tasks

on command or by being programmed in advance.on command or by being programmed in advance. [2][2]

OriginOrigin

Who Invented theWho Invented the First Robot?First Robot?

The first robot was probably The first robot was probably invented in 100 A.D. or earlier invented in 100 A.D. or earlier by a man called Heron of by a man called Heron of Alexandria.Alexandria.

[1]

Origin

Heron a Greek mathematician, physicist and engineer invented the first steam engine called the aeolipile, steam sphere, or wind ball. He used this to open temple doors. Heroin invented over a hundred other [1]

automated machines which include a wind organ and a coin-operated holy water dispensing machine.

[1]

Components of RobotsComponents of Robots

StructureStructure Power SourcePower Source ActuationActuation SensingSensing ManipulationManipulation LocomotionLocomotion Other methods of locomotionOther methods of locomotion

Components of RobotsComponents of Robots

Structure:Structure: Mostly MechanicalMostly Mechanical Called a (Kinematic Chain)Called a (Kinematic Chain) This chain is formed of links (its bones), actuators (its muscles), and This chain is formed of links (its bones), actuators (its muscles), and

joints (which allow one or more degrees of freedom) joints (which allow one or more degrees of freedom) [4][4]

Power Source:Power Source: Lead- acid batteries (main source)Lead- acid batteries (main source)

Other sources:Other sources:

Hydraulics (compressed liquids)Hydraulics (compressed liquids)

Pneumatic (compressed gases) Pneumatic (compressed gases) [4][4]

Components of RobotsComponents of Robots

Actuators:Actuators: Muscles of a robotMuscles of a robot Convert potential energy into Convert potential energy into

kinetic energykinetic energy Electric motors are the mostElectric motors are the most widely usedwidely used

[4][4]

Components of Robots Cont’dComponents of Robots Cont’d

Sensing:Sensing: TouchTouchRobotic/ Prosthetic handsRobotic/ Prosthetic hands- research has developed a tactile sensor array that mimics mechanicalresearch has developed a tactile sensor array that mimics mechanical

properties and touch receptors of human fingertips.properties and touch receptors of human fingertips.

- sensor array is made up of- sensor array is made up of a rigid core,conductive fluid contained by an

elastomeric skin.

- SmartHand: this is a prosthetic hand which functions like a real hand, it has sensors which allow the patient to sense real feeling in its finger tips. [3]

Components of Robots Cont’dComponents of Robots Cont’d

Manipulation:Manipulation:

Pertains to robots that work in Pertains to robots that work in the real world which require some way the real world which require some way to manipulate objects.to manipulate objects.Robot manipulator –movable chain of Robot manipulator –movable chain of links interconnected by joints. One islinks interconnected by joints. One isfixed to the ground and a hand or endfixed to the ground and a hand or endeffector which moves freely in space iseffector which moves freely in space isattached to the other end. attached to the other end.

[4][4]

Components of Robots Cont’dComponents of Robots Cont’d Locomotion:Locomotion:

-Rolling -Rolling -Walking-Walking

Other methods of locomotion:Other methods of locomotion:--FlyingFlying-Climbing-Climbing-Snaking (Land/Water):-Snaking (Land/Water):

Snaking (Land/Water):Snaking (Land/Water):

[5]

YouTube - Amphibious Robot Snake

ControlControl

Mechanical structure of a robot must be controlled Mechanical structure of a robot must be controlled to perform tasksto perform tasks.[4].[4]

There are three distinct phases in robot control:There are three distinct phases in robot control:- PerceptionPerception- ProcessingProcessing- ActionAction

Control Theory:Control Theory: A theory that deals with A theory that deals with influencing the behavior of dynamical systems. influencing the behavior of dynamical systems. [4][4]

HealthCareHealthCare

Script Pro:Script Pro: Is a Company that manufactures a robot Is a Company that manufactures a robot designed to help pharmacies fill prescriptions that consist designed to help pharmacies fill prescriptions that consist of oral solids in pill form. of oral solids in pill form. [4][4]

McKesson’s Robot RX:McKesson’s Robot RX: Is another healthcare robotics Is another healthcare robotics product that helps pharmacies dispense thousands of product that helps pharmacies dispense thousands of medications daily with little or no errors. medications daily with little or no errors. [4][4]

Outcome of these types of robots-saves many resources Outcome of these types of robots-saves many resources like staff members that are unavailable in a resources like staff members that are unavailable in a resources scarce industry. scarce industry. [4][4]

Summary/ConclusionSummary/Conclusion

In today’s society we find most robots working for people In today’s society we find most robots working for people in industries, factories, warehouses, and laboratories. They in industries, factories, warehouses, and laboratories. They are useful in many ways. They boost economy because are useful in many ways. They boost economy because businesses need to be efficient to keep up with the industry businesses need to be efficient to keep up with the industry competition. Robots do better and faster jobs than humans, competition. Robots do better and faster jobs than humans, e.g. robot can built, assemble cars, assist in research and e.g. robot can built, assemble cars, assist in research and industry. As technology improves, there will be new ways industry. As technology improves, there will be new ways to use robotics which will bring new hopes and new to use robotics which will bring new hopes and new potentials. potentials.

ReferencesReferences

[1] [1] http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robotics

[2] Robotics: About the Exhibition. The tech museum of [2] Robotics: About the Exhibition. The tech museum of innovation. Retrieved 2009-11-28innovation. Retrieved 2009-11-28

[3] Wettels N, Santos VJ, Johansson RS, et al. (2008). [3] Wettels N, Santos VJ, Johansson RS, et al. (2008). Biomimetic tactile sensor array. Advanced Robotics, Biomimetic tactile sensor array. Advanced Robotics, 22,829-849.22,829-849.

[4] Imitation of Life: A history of the first robots[4] Imitation of Life: A history of the first robots

[5] Swimming snake robot: http://www-[5] Swimming snake robot: http://www-robot.mes.titech.ac.jp/robot/snake/acm-r5/acm-r5_e.htmlrobot.mes.titech.ac.jp/robot/snake/acm-r5/acm-r5_e.html

Thank Thank

YouYou

Questions?Questions?