Robotic Surgery

Shawn Volpe

Types of Robotic Surgery

• Tele-surgical system

• Surgeon preforms remote surgery from anywhere in the world that controls a robot.

• Shared-control system.

• Surgeon tells the computer what task to complete and the robot will carry out the task on its own.

• Supervisory-controlled

• Procedure solely done by the computer from a predetermined plan.

What is Robotic Surgery

• Done under anesthesia.

• Extremely small incisions or holes are made. One for the entrance of the endoscope.

• Endoscope outputs highly magnified 3D images of area.

• Surgeon moves devices to control robotic arms that make precise movements.

• In May 1998, Dr. Friedrich-Wilhelm Mohr using the da Vinci Surgical System performed the first robotically assisted heart bypass in Germany.

Advantages

• Much smaller incisions-1 cm diameter.

• Quicker recovery period

• Minimal scaring.

• Less chance for infections

• Movements can be smaller and more precise.

• No hand tremors

• Surgeon comfort

• Surgeon can sit in a comfortable room without disease.

Da Vinci

• The first and only commercial robotic surgery machine. (Tele-Surgical System)

• Consists of…

• 4 interactive robotic arms.

• A Console for the surgeon to work from.

• Endowrist joystick like control module.

• State of the art vision system.

• Robotic arms operate in real time as the surgeon moves the patented Endowrists.

Current Applications

• Coronary artery bypass

• Cutting away cancer tissue from sensitive parts of the body such as blood vessels, nerves, or important body organs

• Gallbladder removal

• Hip replacement

• Hysterectomy

• Kidney removal

• Kidney transplant

• Mitral valve repair

• Pyeloplasty (surgery to correct ureteropelvic junction obstruction)

• Pyloroplasty

• Radical prostatectomy

• Tubal ligation

Robotic Surgery

Stable and Untiring

Small space required

Human Surgery

CheaperEasier to train and createFlexible and adaptableAccuracy and precise movementsPreformed anywhere

Future Direction

• The more technology equals less human involvement.

• Main goal is completely removing human error.

• Fully computerized and pre-calculated surgeries. More Supervisory controlled systems.

• Trust in computers and technology is a true limitation.

Bibliography

• "Da Vinci Changing the Experience of Surgery." Da Vinci Surgery. n. page. Print. <http://www.davincisurgery.com/>.

• Dong, Babboo. "Robotic Surgery." n. page. Print. <http://biomed.brown.edu/Courses/BI108/BI108_2005_Groups/04/>.

• Lanfranco, Anthony R. "Robotic Surgery A Current Perspective." Annals of Surgery. n. page. Print. <http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1356187/>.

• Miller, MD, Scott. "Robotic Surgery." n. page. Print. <http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/007339.htm>.

• Somadi, David. "Robotic Surgery." Robotic Oncology. n. page. Print.