Robert J. Marzano. Research & Theory on Cooperative Learning One of the most popular instructional...
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![Page 1: Robert J. Marzano. Research & Theory on Cooperative Learning One of the most popular instructional strategies in education 1867 W.T. Harris St. Louis,](https://reader036.fdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022062404/551afc4c550346f70d8b5360/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Cooperative LearningClassroom Instruction that Works
Chapter 7: Cooperative Learning
Robert J. Marzano
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Research & Theory on Cooperative Learning
One of the most popular instructional strategies in education
1867 W.T. HarrisSt. Louis, MOAllow for rapid student promotion in
elementary grades
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Research shows that organizing students into cooperative groups yields a positive
effect on overall learning. When applying cooperative learning strategies:
* keep groups small *don’t overuse this strategy
*be systematic and consistent in your approach
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Five Defining Elements
Group processing
Interpersonal and small group skills
Individual and group accountability
Face-to-face interaction
Positive interdependence
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Defining ElementsPositive
Interdependence A sense of sink or swim together
Face-to-face interaction = Helping each other learn, applauding success and efforts).
Individual and Group Accountability = Each of us has to contribute to the group achieving its goals.
Interpersonal & Small Group Skills = Communication, trust, leadership, decision making, and conflict resolution.
Group Processing = Reflecting on how well the team is functioning and how to function even better.
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Organizing students in cooperative
learning groups has a powerful effect on
learning, regardless of whether groups
compete with one another.
Textbox
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3 Guidelines for Cooperative Learning1. Organizing groups based on ability levels
should be done sparingly.
Homogenous Grouping Vs.
Heterogeneous
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2. Cooperative groups should be kept rather small in size.
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3. Cooperative learning should be applied consistently and systematically, but not overused.Misused: tasks given to group are
not well structuredOverused: students not given
enough time for independent practice
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Using a Variety of Criteria for Grouping Student
Ideas for grouping:
AlphaComputer numbers
ColorsDeck of cards
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… in conclusionOf all classroom grouping strategies, cooperative learning may be the most flexible and powerful. As the examples in this chapter illustrate, teachers can use cooperative learning in a variety of ways in many different situations.