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11 \I~, L... "'"mll, I ~~ ()"~'WJ ~I II,~I,. 011 Ir "N"I"~"'" "ruf', " "hl/w'lu /J". I'~",,,,,J ,IN,/ tI,~ I ;'011/, I ~'I nnllethdc,~ ,I ~eriou .. ,\Il(1 pf()fi.' ,~uJl),11 lInll!(-mK' h~ 1 Itl' IlfII'" (ir,II\" hn',lmc ,le"lu,liIlICll 'Iilh him, "1011 I') hI.' rccogniwll "eflf'>' \nll'rK,1 lor hi .. 'l imul,lIing I\urk m rdigi"n ,uul euhll r.11 anlhrupul(,f(') ,lll lhnl]lI,logil'.ll ,ltld l" t,lhll\hillg ,I I,idc re]lIlI,'li ~Jtl tiJl' thc :Ipplit:atinll l,I ":):"rie' III ,uuh .. i~ .. ueh:\\ I..imhip, genller .H1d rilll:11 In prohlclll ~ 11\ Ilihl'":,II .. llIlli,,',, II "Cl'lII .. de,u' lh,H, illlli;111~ ,II k 'I"I, il IIl1' Ihe,c ,Ire" .. "I' 1',II,li\ l'\llCf' Ih,ll ,lIIrJl'It:ll Gr;lle~ , ])e'pilc hi .. rn,lIl~ GII,llier di,mi'",ll, Iff ,hl' 'lqIl ICI .. rn "lm,rilhtI'C,lrlI ,ll~ld c mi t: ~JPlnilJll tl1llan!.. hi~ Ihl.'~,..ic" (iralc, dtl'll uhl 111(1' '.lli,Lteliun from the .t]lprm,ll uf ,I \1...11 re'pn'le,,1,111..1 highl~

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Edilori.. l l nl rodUl.:lionII 1I,lli fic{1 'llCd,lti,t, karll('d ill lilt: I'll'Il~l le .111(1 Ic mller reflect;,c of a !-tl'IlUltlC ,lml \(: l'Ol\;n){ mcclmg ofmimk elen ,Hthc man~ ,cn ..;I;ll' junclurc, \lhlTl' Pal"i found hllllwit \111;\1>11' II! Clldur'l' ( ;nll(:.. ';, more (l1l1l ,lmli~h PWIX)\itioll', \\ he ll 1'1/1' \ II~(/rl'll" GlISf'" U(s/orrd rn:c;n'd d i',lp]l'IJint ll1j: crt lil"ll JI Il'lllion. Ill.lrgin,lli,('d h~ IlW,1 ,If Illl' 'Ileciali.. t j l!ul'l\;jl ~ :111\1 I.J rg'd~ ift llorcd h ) Ihl' :o.t h, ~)t.. uf l] i\i l1il ~ am I rdi~do u ~ 'lUd;c,. it \1 ,1\ CiralC~\ dccpe ni n g ,I pprn.:ial iun of l',ll.li\ (not utlcritiC:II) ,upport, ,11Id Ihl' .. ~mp,lIhc li c llirediun uf 1l1'. rc:.carelll". Ih,lt prc'l.'ned ,111c hdull )(ing 10 1'.1I,li, CI en if, .," P,II,li hinhdr I.llcr 1> ll ~l'c .. ted, I hc 1:11111 linc.. 111 Ih("ir COni r,l'lI11g I inl, of I he Hool of Genc ... i.. II erl' .. omet ime, glJring ,Ill.! p,lInlllJ!! One Tl';hnn rOT Ihi~ lic, in thc ~i miIJrit, c' 1",'[llccn Ihe 1110 \I nllT', \lnneee";lril~ (Ii~gujl>ed, IlCrh,lp', h~ I hl'lr 'lIpcrliei;111~ n,1\1 r,"ling ")li,11 an(1 ]lrofc,~ion:ll haclgm urHI .. , I 1 i~ [('mill inl' hI I hinl of 11)'1"1." ~ e b,~ie l'umhin.llIOn or Ihc cool ,ICltlernil', pain'!.llin g l~ imrmT'>(,(1 in 1('\11> ,11Id ~eho1.lr,h i p, anlllhc ,inltlcmill(kd, Impul,jl e ;lrti~1 ClllIlllll([l'tI III he irn,l~in,1I ill' eOher('IKe or hi, I i~iun .mll unpertmhetl b~ UI':I.:O"11 ,nall~ IIIl'un I eniem tlclaih 411' t~\Ct and hi,tur~. ,\ eerlain 1 }C\1.1I1 1i(;, l'len p.llrOIl1'1n)t, Ilaluur in l'al,li' .. nthenli,e ,IHcelion.lle and re'pec tful nll'nU>lr n'mturec" Ihi, pcrceplion, .llmo'l .... if Ihe [c!lured ;U:;lIlcmic \1 ,'hnl r(,lro'pcctilc1~ til di .. I:lIlce hi1l1~clt tWill 111l' l' r itieall~ 'lI"jJITI l'\I\'''C'' 01 h ... IIler-c\uhl'T.IlI11iICr.IT~ cnlll';lgue. 11 Thi ~ jud gc me nt leruh III mcr'Hnpht~, hOllcH'r, the n,IIUTl' uf Ih(' uler,lll\J.Irlller.. hip and Ihc ~mu l\d .. IHI II hieh it II'" cnndueh;d, I.ilc 'f hI' (;f,'do ,t/J,dH, Ilrh,.rll' 1'J'dlJ i, t:'\C nli;llI~ ,I huge 1\lwl of l>tur~h:: lIitl g perh,llh bt:l', IU~C bI'lh or i l ~ ,Iu[ h,}r, Ilerc, ,11 roOl, 'Ion Idter.,. Thruul'hou[ hi, euluurful ("':.IT('CT, 1'.I\;\i 11"".1 delole(1 readcr,hip rur hi.. eollcclinl' ;l1H1 ('oll,lIin)!: (Of )e\\"h fi,ll.. 1,11, umpllun .. un IIhieh Ilw \\holc ,11'PTn,ldl mi ~hl he rl"11II1' The mure ur Ie!>" h::IPJl~ eul1.lhor,lIiul\ "f tIll" \II(, IHIler, m,11 Il\\knl h,lle heen ;1 Hurl. III Ihl'lr .. h,lrl"d \C Il'C 1l'l1lnllliil!'lnl l ~, Ihc nll' ~I\ Ill!, tlLlI Ihe 1.11111 o f ,Ul lhmpo1c'l'il,11 l'llIerpr;,..: un II hl t:h Ihl'~ h,ld 1I,ln1\~I~ l'mll.lrh'd hdo llf:ell \(1,1 l'fa I.f I' r,lllli 1I,Inat il":" IInder Ihn';I! CI I'll ,1\ Ihn .. I.lrtcd tl) IIrite IIII'("\hcr, \I"l' ilill ~ ;1\ an ,Ig: rel'll ~c1 ofpr inlipl(, till' 11 m (' t hlllllll l)),t~ of " dm'lI' K 1/ 1'1111 prm ell m,lr"elll) Ie,.. !>tr,lil:"htti.rll ,ml t h;1I\ I he d il i,ion "I' 1,lholir. JIll' 11IIrmhictillll IlIlhe hoo" l'OIldmk, b~ dl"l:ribin~ it :1" 'a ..:ump,lIIilln IlIlume II) (;fl'..i' I/)'Ih~ (l;He,); Ih IlUlen,l1 lX'ing " I miI.ITI~ orl:",lIIi/ctI' (p_ 1'/) fll!' (:,,'1'1' 11 )"1/1( 1I111l:h lir,lIe, h,.d IhlJrnll g: hl ~ fl'\IwII tor ih wllJml, II){,(), l'dilion \\J", hnllClcr, ,111 c\dusilch li r,IH'.. i,l1I lIIull' r 1.11.1111.(, nlll 1J1I1~ in ih org,l1li',ltioll hilt ,I I,,, in i" ,t~ k' ,(1111 IlIct hod, II h ieh JI( '1.11111""'\ h~ ih all thur!> per~II I1 ,I I 1t~ ,md hi, lifdung pue lie cn'dn, The IIII rotlllllil ,n 10 I Jt/"'C(t:. ;tnlithctirOiI to Ihe Ir;l(liliull ~ 411' 1II ~ lh JIIlI tHILt.llc. Til, (.'",'1' 11i'IIIs found .1 1.Irge Mid enthu'I,I~li( rC;Idc r"lup hl'(,llI'l' il r('lold ,lIlli reintcrpreted 'til l'll" r\"{:lI gni' ,lbl ~ a l).Irlof.I lern 1l1lIhulogi(.llleg.1 9. fhlm!II' 11 )'11151\,1, ...uncertll . .1 lIi t h Ihc mlldl mun' linn,wll in g ;1 "ignl11cIII of persu;l{linl' il!> r...;l der~ In rccla,~if} I he IllluL of ('ll\l;,i, (I) ;\ Idl{)ll~ unLulIiliar lalli'or~ uf IIndcr"I:U1din)t \1 ith r;lfllilicl11age nf ,criptllTc, The dililtc hCllleen Ihl'ir Icmper;mlCllt, i.. Jlulllithoul fou nd,lIion ill the documcnt.lr~ rcconl l'al.li pn.' ","'nh, but il i.. nOI :lhl,I ~~ l"I!>~ 10 rcLIh: il to IIdm'II' 1/)'111.1 a.. ,I /illi!>hell pftJlluc.:I, e'cepl h) Ihc 'ped,1I pk:Hling: hinted;1I abole: Ih,1l till' more 'pecuLni,c p;lrl~ of I he hotl!.. ,Ire c\JllIpll"l uf I' ,11,li re]a,ing hi, n,ll il e ~eh(ll.l\' l ~ ,elr di,ciplinc ,md indul):ing hi, eCtxll lric friend', nigh I, uIIJnc~ . \\ ilhin the hou!.. ihdf, Iht' Cfcation 'tur~ reprc!I'J IJ,l\;'\P,l" LlU!I!II:OJ .h!"')J :l.iil; In ll [["Ill' I' .I,) 10 ;1U!P!',lJd 'i:l!Jp ~ 1I1) !jUlh':'l '1');11'1 1 "III XX1I0~pnpO.l11l 1 [I~ ! .IOJ!P:I

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J;leoh\ triumpllJ l ('lIIr~ 11110 LmJJI1 .lller l\fl"lhll~ Ililh .1 (11 .11 , ' 11u.: I1mlr.I,IHe ,1:l1ell1el1 l Ih.11 1{:llhd \\,1, .llr.llll "f hemIC 1ll,lrrll'lI III I.'JU hml, .11 an alldl.:ll llllJll le Illr Ihl' tIl IIh' ,I ru~~Ic : Ihe r i l,Llr~ li,r ,I hl.l lItlllll IWI1I.11\ BUlmnrc Ih,1I\ 11\1: Ime fir J IllHrlJl II, IIl1,Hl m ,l ~ h ,11 e hel'" :11 "!.ILe, If ILu: hl'l ".11111, fu r till' R,ll'he! Irihe~ Ih,1I IIUl' In he. Ihl'n I Ill' fi):11I Ill'IIIC\'n till' Illm~ " .1 m ~ lhllJl ' Iru):),(ll'lur 'lIp"l'In,ll~ mer Inh.IIII'rrlwnc, (pp, Zlt\ 'i), \\ 1\1lc Ihe d()C U1lll'1II,1I'~ reeonl nl (ir.ll l" ,md t',II i\ lIIII llIIr.llion Iiouill nOI UhH1J.lld ~ ,u pport ii' dewriplinn a'.1 'Inl),(),(k'. the lIlIllpromi,c .mll tl;ncie~. Patai ,t,md, filnh a" .1 di~illt\' rc'tclI (:111([ ill 'lillie n"pl'ch eonl(' ntmn,llI ~ J elli~h) ub~l'nl: r of II1\' (i()dcll"~ ,Hili he r pl.lI.:e ill the hi,tol'~ uf reli ){iolh, 11I1ile lirale, r\'tnain, iiJI"l'\'cr he r 1111,11 en IIlIt I ul.lr~ . Suh'equl'tlt ~d\Ul;lr~ h ip h." repm.lehed .lIId rc\l :mlcd [hI: [hill~in!( III IHuh men III llju.11 1ll(',.,ure lin Ihi, Ic\;t1iuu, :tnd prllbknl;ltic lopic, JU'1 " ,I' till" .lIIt hrup'Jlo)tical nllthod, of I Ii'hrfrr> \, 1 '15 \I('re, on ii' fir~1 public:1 lion, ,IhoUI to he O\er l a ~ c lI h~ :1 t"l'\nIUliun in 'ltel:l! a nthmpolo~~. ,0 the t he"I"l'ic.11'tml1ll ~ in t he bou~ Ilcre to Ill' pO\lcrful1~ ,u rp:I,...cd b~ tlll'riloe I,t /cm im't theulo g~ in Ihe II)iO, . 1I0110Ilil1)o(:1Tl illiti.11 .lIId IU lle hur,1 IIf l:Ilt hu,i,l,m for mUlher godde,)e, :111(1 tn.ltriarl"i1:l1 su l itl.lrit~, fl:mi ni"'l Ihe.,l 'lg~ ,lIlll ,nipl lire ,lull II.') turnnl mudl dll~cr c\.lmin.lli,m uf I Ill" Il ihhl".11 rcw l'd , fuctt,ing on :lrehacolog-iGII di ... colcrll:s m.Hle in thl' IW\o .. Ihoul ti)::url'~ ,uelt .b the A,herdh, \\hom Gr;l\e., :\11\1 P:uai h.ld IHllh , ut')("sted mij{lu be :1 m('mor} ofa once important l'OflSorl uflhl: ~ ~ ~ god \ ,I hll e h. 1.un di ~ l'laeed b~ Ihl: po,t- E\ilie reform' (pp. 21N 19). The prCli~e Il.Il ure "f ,hher,lh rem.l im hi g hl~ prohlem.11 ie ,Ind Ihe ,dll)1a r~ hip 'lIf'rulltlding her 1,ld ~ Wn~I.'I1'"~. hUI her \ i,i hi lil~ has \(WII n cIH1,idet" .I hh in Ihe 11c{.';IIIe~ ,il1cl." lI(huu' "" 'Ills. reinfurc ing Ihe l iell Ih31 thc 1111 Ihlllo):: k~11 rl:m.lin~ nf lh e ancient Ilchrel" !)i ng henealh Ihe P.llim l" l" of the Ilibl il'al lnl retain 11I)1~ I :llenl and ,umet irne'l'l> Ilere 100 t'Jl>i1~ releg:uClI 10 lw.lrth :md home, I(,H;lIg null.' },:IXb J~ patron" of Ili,,].,111 ,md k;uninl( Thi~ dU:lli"m , far from illlt'lI,if)lIlg IIlth Ihe ri~e (If mnnnthei .. m, 11,1' dlallcll j!:ed h) the ,criplllr:11 11":01 "1\") ofJull:ll'l1I, Ilhich cmhr:leed a d;lergl' nll~ q::llit;lri.11l licII uf h Ul11;\l1 I1:IIUl"e in IIh ich lIonwn 111.'1"1.' , fur the tir .. l lime. nut Tl'ganlcd .... inhcnntl) infcrinr. '~ Fr)ml'r- h.cl"'I..)'" licII Iceh 11101'1.' tUllanl~ 1'.11.li\ !llI llool.. than (lr:II(" \ . bill t he poinl ofn:all111port:ll1cc is 111.11 ill tht'ir ~ometillle ... .11\1.,\.11"] ctllnhlllalioll uf !.lien" .lI1d prcuccUp:U;orh P.lta; .lIld Gr:IH'" Mlceccl]ed ;n eonlnbullll ~ I" :I ddJ)cd deh.lle ill rdigi!)II' ,lullie .. fIll' \\hieh IhC) h,lll' rt:ce;lltllillll' inlhl' lIa) uf reco!\,nililili . .1'1/" Pcrh.lll'< ~HlI1el hing fit Ihc ,ICJllell1ic uhlll iun into II hich Ilrhrol' 11 ",,"Id ,inl II." .l11 l icip.lled 111 [he inili.11 rel;clI,. \ 1Ic11 ort;hC,lr:ltcd ("";l1l1l'algll "f mlenil'''', let:lurc .. ,11111 prl'" rdc .. ~e~ ill ItrilJl1l alld the Lnitetl St.lll" ~ecun:d I hI' h"ol. .1 den'lll leI d I)f jl,ufll.Il l ~1 ie .llld ,IGldemic inlcrl:" ,lI1d led tu a I llct h l) '~1 of rCl iclI' ;n nc\\\p.lper~ .11111 juurnals. I'll.li'~ IIlCllll,i .. illcl udl" :I I~picall~ ddcl\,ile ~cll-c t ;llil ,Inti